英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況答案

1、英語(yǔ)作業(yè)答案Unit 1 .Readthe followingstatementscarefullyanddecidewhethertheyareTrueorFalse.1. The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T) 英倫三島包括英格蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士。2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their cou

2、ntry.(F)British3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(F)4.In terms of population and area，Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the UnitedKingdom. (F) 英格蘭是面積最大，人口最多的5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(T)The River Severn:賽文河6.Bec

3、ause of political troubles ， NorthernIreland has beenquitesignificantamong the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(T) . Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1. The two main islands of the British Isles are.不列顛群島是由兩個(gè)大島組成的：不列顛和愛(ài)爾蘭A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Gr

4、eat Britain and ScotlandC.Great Britain and WalesD.Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC.AberdeenD. Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom，is the smallest.A.EnglandB. ScotlandC.WalesD. Northern Ireland4. The introduction of Christianity to

5、Britain added the first element ofwords to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek5. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by theinfluence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish6. Samuel Johnson s dictionary was influential in establishing a stan

6、dard form of.A. grammarB. handwritingC.spellingD. pronunciation7. At present, nearly of the world s population communicate in English.A. halfB. aquarterC. One thirdD. one fifthIII. Give brief answers to the following questions·1. What is the full name of the U.K.?The full name is the United Kin

7、gdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?They like toenjoy the beautifulScottishscenery, to drinkScotch whisky and to seeScotsman wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.3. How many periods can the development of the English language be d

8、ivided intoand what are they?The development of the English language can be divided into three periods: Old English, MiddleEnglish and Modern English.4. Why did English become more important after the Black Death(黑死病 )?The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importance after th

9、e Black Death, so English also grew in importance compared to French. . State your understanding of the following questions in about 100words.1. who are British people?The first known inhabitants in Britain were Celts who are the ancestors of welsh, Scottish and Irish people. Then came the Anglos, t

10、he Saxons and the Jutes who brought with them English language. Many people from other European countries came later, and in moderntimes there are a lots of immigrants from many formerCommonwealth(XX國(guó) ) countriesfrom every part of the world, and theBritish people are also composed of people fromdiff

11、erent ethnic and cultural backgrounds.2. What is StandardEnglish?Standard English is based on the speech of the upper class of the southeastern England;itis widelyusedin mediaandtaughtatschools.Itis preferredby theeducated,middle-class people. Is has developed and has been promoted as a model for th

12、e correct BritishEnglish. It is also the norm( 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ) carried overseas. Today, StandardEnglish iscodified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in the world where English is taught and used.Unit 2I. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they ar

13、e True or False.1. The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.(T)2. The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe the Britons.(T)4.The Anglo Saxons came to Britain in the mid-5th century.(T)( 不考 )

14、5.The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France(T)8. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the pr

15、ivileged classand the townspeople. (F)9. The Hundred Years War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans for trade and territory. (F)10.in an effortto makea compromisebetweendifferentreligiousfactions ， QueenElizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T) . Cho

16、ose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1 Theattack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410A NormanB DanishC CelticD Germanic2 By the late 7th century， became the dominant religion in EnglandA Celtic ChristianityB Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC Germanic ChristianityD

17、 Roman Christianity3 Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特教堂) was built at the time of.A St AugustineB Edward the Confessor(懺悔者愛(ài)德華C William the ConquerorD Alfred the Great4 Themarked the establishment of feudalism(封建制度 ) in England A Viking invasionB signing of the Magna CartaC Norman ConquestD Adoption of common

18、 law5 The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of.A the House of ValoisB the House of YorkC the House of Tudor(都鐸樓 )D the House of Lancaster)出身于族徽為紅玫瑰的蘭開(kāi)斯特家族的亨利·都鐸結(jié)束了玫瑰戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，登上了英國(guó)王位，稱亨利七世6 The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King HenryVIII S effort to.A divorce his wifeB bre

19、ak with RomeC support the Protestants D declare his supreme power over the church7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between.A Protestants and PuritansB Royalists and ParliamentariansC nobles and peasantsD aristocrats and Christians8 was passed after the Glorious Revolution(光榮革命 )A Bill of Ri

20、ghtsB Act of SupremacyC Provisions of OxfordD Magna Carta9.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of thecenturyA 17thB 18thC 19thD 20th10 Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of thecentury A 17thB 18thC 19thD 20thIII. Give bri

21、ef answers to the following questions.1. What are the two components of the British parliament?2. What were some of Queen Victoria s major achievements?3. What were the two camps in Europe in World War?4. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World War ? Answers:1. They are

22、the House of Commons and the House of Lords.2. Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect. Shepromoted furtherindustrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of tradeand commerce. By the end of her reign, Britain had developed to an empire including aquarter o

23、f the global population and nearly a quarter of the world s landmass.3. TheCentralPowerswhichincludedGermany,Austria-Hungary,theOttomanEmpire and Bulgariaand the Allied Powers which were mainly comprised of France, theRussian Empire, the British Empire, Italy and the United States.4. Because they we

24、re allied during the war and shared the same worries about theformer SovietUnion. . State your understanding of the following questions.1. What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?2. The Rise and Fall of the British Empire?Answers:1. TheIndustrialRevolutionchangedBritaininmanywa

25、ys.First,industrialproductivity increaseddramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial countryand alsothefinancialcenterintheworld.Second,urbanizationtookplace.Manynewcities sprang up. Third, itcausedgreat changesintheclass structure.Theoldsocialclassesdeclined,andnewonesemergedanddevelo

26、ped.Theconflictbetween thecapitalists and the proletarians became the most important political issue.2. Colonization of Newfoundland, the first British colony overseas, in 1583 markedthe beginningoftheBritish Empire.By1837,Britainhad longbeenanempirewhichincluded the colonies in Canada, Australia, N

27、ew Zealand, India and many small states inthe West Indies. By the end of the 19th century, the British Empire included a quarter ofthe global population and nearly a quarter of the world s landmass. During the-19thmidcentury,theBritishgovernmentconsolidatedtheexistingcoloniesbybringingthemunder the

28、direct control of the government. Before World War , Britain had the largestcolonial empire in the world. However, Britainsuffered great loss to its manpower in thetwo World Warsandexhausteditsreservesofgold,dollarsandoverseas investment.Most of Britain s colonies gained independence since the 1940s

29、, which inevitably led tothe fall of the Empire.Unit4 Politics and Government of UKI Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True orFalse 1 Conventions( 黨代會(huì) ) are regarded less important than common law in the working ofthe British government F2 The British monarchy has n

30、ever been interrupted throughout the history F3 In reality ， the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers F4 British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations(英聯(lián)邦國(guó)家) F5Lords Spiritual(上議院神職議員 ) and Lords Temporal(上議院世俗議員 ) are all membersin the British Uppe

31、r House(上議院 ).T6 The members in the House of Commons(下議院 ) are appointed rather than elected F上議院是指派的，下議院是選舉的。7 The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in ParliamentT8 Cabinet members( 內(nèi)閣閣員 ) are chosen by the Prime Minister from various politicalparties in Parliament FCabinet

32、 members are chosen by the Prime Minister from members ofthe winningpolitical parties in Parliament9 British law consists of two parts, the civil law and the criminal law T10 The legal systems in England，Wales ，Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similarin terms of law, organization and practice

33、FII Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements1 The British government is characterized by a division of powers between threeof thefollowing branches with the exception of the.A judiciary 司法B Legislature 立法 C monarchyD executive 行政2 The importance of the British monarchy(君主政

34、體 )can be seen in its effect on.A passing the billsB advising the governmentC political partiesD public attitude3 As a revising chamber(審裁室 )， the House of Lords is expected to the House ofCommonsA rivalB complementC criticize D. inspect檢查4 British Cabinet works on the principle of.A collective resp

35、onsibility(集體責(zé)任 )B individual responsibilityC defending the collectivismD defending the individuals5 The main duty of the British Privy Council(樞密院 ) is to.A make decisionsB give adviceC pass billsD supervise the Cabinet6 In Britain ， the parliamentary general election is held everyyears.A threeB fo

36、urC fiveD. six7 has a distinct legal system based on Roman lawA WalesB EnglandC ScotlandD Northern Ireland8 Generally speaking， the British Parliament operates on a system.A single-partyB two-partyC three-partyD multi-party9 The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism實(shí)用主義

37、and.A government interventionB nationalization of enterprisesC social reformD a belief in individualism10 The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it.A set up the National Health ServiceB improved public transportationC abolished the old tax systemD enhanced the economicdevelopme

38、nt Give brief answers to the following questions1 What are the three functions of the House of Commons?There are three main functions of the House of Commons. The first is to debate andvote upon legislation and the second is to give the chance for the opposition to questionwhat the governmentis doin

39、gwith legislation,the way it conductsitself,etc. The thirdfunction is private member's business where MP's may get up and make a speech in theHouse about an issue or event that he/she would like to draw attention to.2 What kind of public image does Liberal Democrats(自由XX黨 ) have in Britain?X

40、老師的答案：Liberal Democrats was founded in March, 1988. In publics eyes, LiberalDemocrats adopts more progress policy on the issue of public services, social equity andenvironmental protection etc. It continues to maintain the cooperation with Labor Party, and it is third party in UK with 100,000 party

41、members.The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a social liberal political party in the United Kingdom. The party was formed in 1988 by a merger of the Liberal Party andthe Social Democratic Party. The two parties had formed the electoral SDP Liberal Alliance for seven years before t

42、hen. The current leader of the party is Nick Clegg. At the2010 general election, 57 Lib Dem MPs were elected, making them the third-largest party in the House of Commons, behind the Conservative Party with 307 and the Labour Partywith 258. The Liberal Democrats formed a coalition government with the

43、 Conservative Party, with Nick Clegg as Deputy Prime Minister and other Liberal Democrats in the cabinet.Promoting social liberalism, the Liberal Democrats voice strong support for constitutional and electoral reform, and civil liberties. The party president's book of officeis John Stuart Mill&#

44、39;s 1859 On Liberty, which defended individual rights while attacking the tyranny of the majority and the despotism of custom. The party objects to state limitationson individual rights and favours a welfare state that provides for the necessities and amenities of life.1213 They support multilatera

45、l foreign policy, opposing British participation in the War in Iraq and supporting the withdrawal of troops from the country.14 The Liberal Democrats are the most pro-European Union of the three mainparties in the UK. The party has strong environmentalist values favouring renewable energy and commit

46、ments to deeper cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Since their foundation, Lib Dems have advocated electoral reform to use proportional representationin electing the House of Commons, also hoping to replace the House of Lords with an elected chamber.Unit 1 Geography and PeopleI Read the following sta

47、tements carefully and decide whether they are True orFalse1 The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians(阿巴拉契亞山脈) hold one third ofthe country s continental territoryF 1/3-1/62 The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate，with some mildsubtropical( 亞熱帶的 ) and tropical( 熱帶的 ) z

48、ones T3 NewYorkis thecommercialand financialcenterof the UnitedStates ， andit iscomposedof fiveboroughs including Manhattan， Brooklyn ， the Bronx ， StatenIsland and Queens T4 San Francisco(舊金山 ) is the second largest city after New York and the worldfamousHollywood and Disneyland are located here F洛

49、杉磯是第二大城市6 Half of the U S population lives in the western metropolitan centers F東部7The Blacks brought from Africa to America usually worked on plantations or farms in the8 During the 1830s and 1840s， many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came toAmerica T10 Basic American cultural values are f

50、reedom， equality and desire to work hard for ahigher standard of living TII Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1 The United States has_states on the continentA50B 49C 48D 352 The state of_ is the largest in area of all the statesA AlaskaB HawaiiC Texas D Florida3The

51、U Slies in_North America，with Canada to the north，Mexico to the souththe Atlantic 大西洋 to its_ and the Pacific太平洋to its_Anorthern ， east ，westB central ， east ，westC southern ，west ， eastD western ， east ， west4 The largest river in the US is_.A the Missouri RiverB the Mississippi RiverC the Ohio Riv

52、erD the Colorado River5 Some of the world famous universities like Harvard， Yale and MIT are locatedA in the SouthB along the Pacific CoastC in New England新英格蘭 D in the Midwest6 _is located on the US.-Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake，OntarioA Yellowstone National ParkB The Grand CanyonC Niagara Falls尼亞加拉大瀑布D The Great Salt Lake7 The native Alaskan population includes the following