新人教版英語選擇性必修三導(dǎo)學(xué)案 UNIT 3Section Ⅲ

1、新教材英語選擇性必修第三冊人教版Section Using LanguageREDUCING WATER POLLUTION IN THE LI RIVER減少漓江的水污染The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most wellknown tourist destinations in Chinas Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.美麗的漓江及其周圍令人驚嘆的景色是中國廣西壯族自治區(qū)最著名的旅游景點(diǎn)之一。It attracts millions of d

2、omestic and foreign visitors each year.它每年吸引數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的國內(nèi)外游客。However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the rivers water quality.然而，作為一個(gè)首選目的地，它的聲譽(yù)對其河流的水質(zhì)產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響。This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it.本報(bào)告著眼于水污

3、染問題以及為解決這一問題采取的一些行動(dòng)。詞句自測“主(The beautiful . scenery)系(is)表(one of the . destinations)”。in Chinas . Region在句中作狀語。Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.以往，漓江的水質(zhì)因游客量的增長遭到嚴(yán)重破壞，一些游客頻繁將垃圾扔入江

4、中。Many tour boats contributed to the problem too.許多游船也造成了這個(gè)問題。Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, which was often thrown into the water.船上的廚房用了很多油，這些油經(jīng)常被倒進(jìn)江水里。The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises.旅游業(yè)的

5、發(fā)展也意味著當(dāng)?shù)厝丝诘目焖僭鲩L，還有工商企業(yè)的數(shù)量。詞句自測volume n. 量；體積；(成套書籍中的)一卷garbage n. 垃圾；廢物Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.更多的家庭和商業(yè)垃圾最終流入河中，水污染程度上升。 In order to feed more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production.為了養(yǎng)活更多的人，人們使用了更多的化學(xué)品來增

6、加農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量。These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species.這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的水質(zhì)問題，導(dǎo)致魚類的數(shù)量減少。Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the rivers original beau

7、ty.當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T擔(dān)心污染正在破壞自然環(huán)境，并認(rèn)為應(yīng)采取緊急措施以恢復(fù)河流往昔的美。詞句自測enterprise n. 公司；企業(yè)；事業(yè)restore vt. 恢復(fù)；使復(fù)原；修復(fù)A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues.啟動(dòng)了全面倡議，采取了一些措施來處理這些問題。 The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conserv

8、ation.污水處理設(shè)施的建設(shè)改善了水質(zhì)，節(jié)約了用水。The collection and transport of household waste was also improved.生活垃圾的收集和運(yùn)輸也得到了改善。詞句自測conservation n. 對(環(huán)境、文物等)保護(hù)；保持“主(A comprehensive initiative)謂(was started)”。介詞短語with a number of . the issues是伴隨狀語； that addressed the issues是定語從句，修飾measures。Dozens of polluting enterpri

9、ses were closed or moved.數(shù)十家污染企業(yè)被關(guān)閉或搬遷。 The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development.當(dāng)?shù)卣畬M(jìn)一步發(fā)展工業(yè)制定了嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定。New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods.有關(guān)于游船路線和垃圾處理方法的新規(guī)定也已出臺。詞句自測dozen n. (一)打；十二個(gè)dozens of 許多；很多regul

10、ation n. 章程；規(guī)章制度disposal n. 去掉；清除；處理Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy.此外，地方當(dāng)局開始利用媒體傳播環(huán)保意識，鼓勵(lì)(大家)多使用清潔能源。At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations

11、 for abuses.與此同時(shí)，他們開始實(shí)行定期檢查，對旅游組織濫用職權(quán)進(jìn)行處罰。 With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.有了這些措施，人們相信漓江的美麗將會(huì)世代保存下來。詞句自測inspection n. 檢查；查看；視察fine vt. 對處以罰款“主(the local authorities)謂(began)賓(to use . energy)”。to spread . clean energy是不定式短

12、語作目的狀語；spread environmental awareness 和 encourage greater use of clean energy是并列關(guān)系。In addition, the ambitious “Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country.另外，“水十條”的宏偉規(guī)劃則是為了治理整個(gè)國家的水污染問題。Other initiatives, such as the “River Chief System”， hold senior officials responsible

13、for reducing water pollution.例如“河長制”這樣的舉措，還將減少水污染作為高級官員的責(zé)任。With such campaigns in effect, Chinas waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.隨著這些行動(dòng)的展開，中國的水資源正朝著潔凈的、可持續(xù)的未來邁進(jìn)。詞句自測campaign n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)；戰(zhàn)役vi.& vt. 參加運(yùn)動(dòng)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)運(yùn)動(dòng)waterway n. 水道；航道 “主(Chinas waterways)謂(are heading)”。towards a clean a

14、nd sustainable future在句中作狀語。With such campaigns in effect是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，“with名詞(such campaigns)介詞短語(in effect)”，在句中作狀語。1originate vi.& vt. 起源；發(fā)源；創(chuàng)立(教材P30)歸納拓展All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice.任何理論都來源于實(shí)踐，反過來為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。The idea originated with a woman who wrote the music.這一思想最早是由創(chuàng)

15、作該曲的一位婦女提出來的。He is best known as the originator of a longrunning TV series.他作為電視連續(xù)劇的創(chuàng)始人而出名。名師點(diǎn)津originate from, originate in, originate with表示根源時(shí)，with用于人，in不用于人，from兩者皆可。(1)單句語法填空Characteristics of a city originate _ its unique traditional cultural background.The club is named for Louis Pasteur, its

16、_ (originate ).答案：fromoriginator(2)單句表達(dá)這種疾病據(jù)說起源于熱帶地區(qū)。The disease is thought _ in the tropics.答案：to have originated2restore vt. 恢復(fù)；使復(fù)原；修復(fù)(教材P32)歸納拓展情景助記In this case, we just restore to the existing database.在本例中，我們要恢復(fù)到現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)庫。We hope to restore the garden to its former glory (make it as beautiful as it

17、 used to be).我們想把這花園變得和過去一樣美麗。The main issues are the growth and the restoration of global economy.主要問題在于全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長和復(fù)蘇。(1)單句語法填空We will restore her _ health but it may take time.The palace is closed for _ (restore).答案：torestoration(2)單句表達(dá)正是我們的基因修復(fù)因疾病引起的損害，并使我們恢復(fù)健康。It is our genes that repair the damage

18、 caused by disease and _答案：restore us to health3dozen n. (一)打；十二個(gè)(教材P32)歸納拓展情景助記Dozens of people clustered together round the counter. 柜臺邊簇聚著幾十個(gè)人。Eggs are sold by the dozen in this supermarket.在這個(gè)超市，雞蛋是按打賣的。單句語法填空Dozens _ doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks. Surprisingly, in

19、 that bookstore, books are sold _ the dozen.答案：ofby4disposal n. 去掉；清除；處理(教材P32)歸納拓展情景助記If I can be of service, I am at your disposal. 如果我可以效勞的話，敬請吩咐。The safe disposal of nuclear waste is a major problem.安全處理核廢料是個(gè)大問題。You did us a great favour by disposing of that problem.你解決了那個(gè)問題，可算是幫了我們一個(gè)大忙。(1)單句語法填

20、空You had better discuss with her the disposal _ the furniture.His job is to dispose _ the rubbish every night.答案：ofof(2)單句表達(dá)我們把一切事情都交給他處理。We placed everything _答案：at his disposal5fine vt. 對處以罰款(教材P33)歸納拓展He was fined heavily for drunk driving.他因酒后開車而受重罰。The company was fined 20，000 for breaking safe

21、ty regulations.這家公司因違反安全條例而被罰款2萬英鎊。These books are two weeks overdue. Im sorry, you have to pay a fine.這些書逾期兩個(gè)星期了，對不起，你必須付罰金。(1)單句語法填空She was fined _ speeding.The usual punishment is _ fine.答案：fora(2)單句表達(dá)他們電廠因上次安檢未過而被罰錢。Their power plant _ safety violations from its last inspection.我得先交罰金，警察才會(huì)把車退還給我

22、。I had to _ before the police would return my car.答案：was fined forpay a fine.根據(jù)語境及漢語提示和首字母提示完成句子1There will still be lots of challenges if we are to classify _ (垃圾) in a short time.答案：garbage2What has led many governments to remove necessary _ (規(guī)章制度)?答案：regulations3The sky over the city was overspre

23、ad with a heavy _ (煙霧).答案：smog4He is still involved in voluntary work promoting local _ (企業(yè)).答案：enterprises5The industrial revolution _ (起源) from the invention of the steam engine.答案：originated6The temperature is increased so that the v_ of gas becomes greater.答案：volume7Order was quickly r_ after th

24、e riots.答案：restored8The company employs no more than a couple of d_ people.答案：dozen9The w_ is blocked up.答案：waterway10The c_ is designed to increase public awareness of the issues.答案：campaign.單句語法填空1Weve been advised _ (not risk) travelling in these conditions.答案：not to risk2With such campaigns _ ef

25、fect, China is getting stronger and stronger.答案：in3Energy _ (conserve) as a philosophy was born out of the 1973 oil crisis.答案：conservation4Dozens _ miles of railway track have been torn up.答案：of5The soldiers lined up for their daily _ (inspect) by their officers.答案：inspection.單句表達(dá)1爭吵源于一個(gè)誤解。The quarr

26、el _ a misunderstanding. 答案：originated in2毫無疑問，如果你有困難的話，大家也會(huì)幫助你的。_ you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties. 答案：There is no doubt that3偶爾你會(huì)看一部電影，或閱讀一本書籍來恢復(fù)你對人性的信仰。Once in a while you see a movie or read a book that _ humanity. 答案：restores your faith in4因?yàn)檐囎油ｅe(cuò)地方，我父親被開了罰單。My father _

27、parking his car in the wrong place.答案：was fined for5但我知道如果我需要他，他會(huì)聽從我的召喚。But I know that if I need him, he will be _答案：at my disposal課后課時(shí)作業(yè)閱讀AThe production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, fullsun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of d

28、amage. The change in how coffee is grown from shadegrown production to fullsun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the worlds ecological balance.On a local level, the damage of the forest required by fullsun fields affects the areas birds and anima

29、ls. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species that depend on the trees flowers and fruits. Fullsun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many species are quickly dying out.On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for fullsun coffee fie

30、lds also threatens human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition, new coffeegrowing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the w

31、orlds groundwater.Both locally and globally, the continued spread of fullsun coffee plantations could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the worlds climate, and studies show that the loss of oxygengiving trees also leads to a

32、ir pollution and global warming. Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic soil conditions.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shadegrow

33、n coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章從地區(qū)影響和全球影響兩方面論述了“全陽光”咖啡種植模式對當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)環(huán)境的破壞。1What can we learn about fullsun coffee production from Paragraph 4?AIt limits the spread of

34、 new growing techniques.BIt leads to air pollution and global warming.CIt slows down the loss of shade trees.DIt improves local soil conditions.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“causing a slight change in the worlds climate”以及“l(fā)eads to air pollution and global warming”可知，全陽光咖啡生產(chǎn)會(huì)導(dǎo)致空氣污染和全球變暖。故選B。2The purpose of the

35、text is to _Aentertain BadvertiseCinstruct Dpersuade答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.”可知，作者希望人們不要為了一杯便宜的咖啡而毀了地球和人類，所以作者是帶著勸說的意圖來寫這篇文章的。故選D。3Where does this text probably come from?AAn agricultural magazine.BA medica

36、l journal.CAn engineering textbook.DA tourist guide.答案：A推理判斷題?？Х确N植是跟農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)的話題，所以該文可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)在農(nóng)業(yè)雜志上，故選A。1species n. 物種 2.threaten v. 威脅3acidic adj. 酸性的1bring about 引起；導(dǎo)致2die out 滅絕；消失BEach year, about 7 million tons of trash is found in the ocean. This trash consists of cigarette ends, medical waste, plasti

37、c, milelong nets, etc . Those items of trash choke many species of ocean life so quickly that they eventually become extinct. Ocean pollution harms the earth and animals, and we should stop the problem.Some other causes of ocean pollution are waste, poisonous chemicals, and the biggest cause is litt

38、ering. How do these items end up in the ocean? Waste flows through rivers and drains directly to the ocean, so ocean pollution continues to step up. The estimated amount of ocean pollution that floated in the sea in 2012 was 288 million tons. This huge number continues to increase by 4% each year. T

39、hat means 11，520，000 tons of trash increase each year. Imagine the future of our ocean. Will there be any room to swim? Also 80% of the ocean is composed of plastic: plastic bottles, plastic bags, and some plastic toys.How can ocean pollution be solved? Use fabric bags instead of plastic bags. This

40、would reduce the plastic pollution in the ocean. Also for the waste water problem, we could use waste water treatment system. Lastly using renewable energy sources such as wind power or solar power would limit offshore drilling.If we dont stop the causes of ocean pollution, water temperatures will c

41、ontinue to rise and ocean life will become endangered. Please be mindful that what we do affects the people around us, the animals around us, and the habitats around us. So will you pay attention to this problem or wait for the next generation to？篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了海洋污染的嚴(yán)重性，文中就一些可行方法進(jìn)行了介紹，同時(shí)呼吁人們與海

42、洋污染作斗爭。4What leads to the ocean pollution worst?ACigarette ends. BLittering.CMedical waste. DPlastic.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句“Some other causes of ocean pollution are waste, poisonous chemicals, and the biggest cause is littering.(海洋污染的其他一些原因是廢物、有毒化學(xué)品，最大的原因是亂扔垃圾。)”可知，海洋污染的最大的問題就是亂扔垃圾，故選B。5How many ways are

43、 mentioned to solve the problem in Paragraph 3?A3. B4.C5. D6.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Use fabric bags instead of plastic bags. This would reduce the plastic pollution in the ocean. Also for the waste water problem, we could use waste water treatment system. Lastly using renewable energy sources such as win

44、d power or solar power would limit offshore drilling.(用織物袋代替塑料袋，這將減少海洋中的塑料污染。對于廢水問題，我們可以使用廢水處理系統(tǒng)。最后，使用可再生能源，如風(fēng)能或太陽能，來限制海上鉆井。)”可知，一共提到了3個(gè)方法來解決海洋污染問題，故選A。6Whats the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo introduce whats ocean pollution.BTo make a survey about ocean pollution.CTo make us know more abo

45、ut ocean pollution.DTo call on everyone to fight against ocean pollution.答案：D推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文的主題是關(guān)于海洋污染問題。并提出了解決海洋污染的幾個(gè)辦法，目的在于呼吁大家與海洋污染作斗爭。故選D。7What is the best title for the text?AThe Seriousness of Ocean PollutionBThe Solutions to Ocean PollutionCThe Causes of Ocean PollutionDThe Sorts of Ocean Pol

46、lution答案：A標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Each year, about 7 million tons of trash is found in the ocean.(每年在海洋中發(fā)現(xiàn)大約700萬噸垃圾。)”及后文的介紹可知，本文主要講述了海洋污染的嚴(yán)重性，故選A。1choke vt.& vi. 窒息2renewable adj. 可更新的；可再生的increase by 增加了七選五Ideas to make your school a green campusUniversities are doing everything they can to become a green

47、campus. But there are also items students can do to make your campus more ecofriendly.Recycle everything, especially paper!There is a large amount of paper a college student goes through per semester. _1_ We know that these things cant be avoided, but the way you handle the use of all the paper can really help create a better green campus.Buy green._2_ Paper, cleaning prod