教案詞類句子的種類

1、全方位教學(xué)輔導(dǎo)教案 學(xué)科：英語 任課教師： 授課時(shí)間：2013年1月20日 星期日姓 名 性 別男年 級(jí)初三總課時(shí)82小時(shí) 第七次課教 學(xué)內(nèi) 容英語詞、短語、句子簡(jiǎn)介教 學(xué)目 標(biāo)通過學(xué)習(xí)英語詞、短語、句子的概況的學(xué)習(xí)初步建立詞類概念以及初步培養(yǎng)詞類分析能力。學(xué)習(xí)句子的種類，初步了解英語的句子類型，理清英語學(xué)習(xí)的脈絡(luò)，懂得語法學(xué)習(xí)的重要性，為進(jìn)一步的學(xué)習(xí)打下基礎(chǔ)。 重 點(diǎn)難 點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)：詞類的作用難點(diǎn)：詞語句子成分教學(xué)過程課前檢查與交流作業(yè)完成情況：交流與溝通:針對(duì)性授課 英語詞，短語，句子簡(jiǎn)介詞法 ：詞法研究的對(duì)象是各種詞的形式及其用法。英語詞類的形式變化有：名詞和代詞的數(shù)、格和性的形式變化；動(dòng)詞

2、的人稱、 時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等形式變化；以及形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的形式變化。句法 ：句法研究的對(duì)象是句子各個(gè)組成部分及其安排的規(guī)律。一詞（一）英語中共有十大詞類，它們分別是：1_ 表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的名稱。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2_ 主要用來代替名詞。如：who, she, you, it . 3_表示人或事物的性質(zhì)或特征。如：good, right。 . 4_ 表示數(shù)目或事物的順序。如：one, two, three, first. 5_ 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：am, is,are,have,see .6_ 修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞

3、或其他副詞,說明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7_用在名詞前,幫助說明名詞。如：a, an, the. 8_ 表示它后面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關(guān)系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9_ 用來連接詞、短語或句子。如and, but, before .10_表示喜、怒、哀、樂等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 以上1-6 為實(shí)詞（notional word）,有實(shí)義；7-10為虛詞（form word），沒有實(shí)意。英語詞類的相關(guān)練習(xí)1. 根據(jù)對(duì)詞類的概念的理解，指出下面單

4、詞的詞類： deep finger fly papers pass refuse size spoon delicious thick town map myself and on sheep Ship mine important an catch first laugh third leave here fly home round sing blind but eighth about bad yours child against ah with cinema Tuesday cheap advice two they able for say quickly if 2. 根據(jù)常見的后

5、綴辨別下列單詞的詞性。 scientist singer conversation beautiful loudly famous Government dangerous instruction careful lively safeties national traditional illnesses wonderful competitions information Successful natural illnesses lovely really friendly usually yearly advertisement 3. 判斷下列句子中劃線單詞的詞性。 1、Mary danc

6、es well. 2 His father is reading. 3 Tom is looking for his watch. 4 He often plays violin after school. 5 Mr. Green works in a university. 6 The teacher taught us an English song. 7 I have bought this pen for two years. 8 Nothing can live without water. 9 You may keep this dictionary for two weeks.

7、10 You cant agree with me . （2） 詞類和句子成分的關(guān)系 在句子里，一定的句子成分由一定的詞類來擔(dān)任。句子成分：英語中主要有 主、謂、賓、定、狀、補(bǔ)、表語七種句子成分。1)主語 它是句子所要說明的人或事物，是一句的主體。如I study English(我學(xué)習(xí)英語)中的I。2)謂語 它是說明主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的，如I study English中的study。3)表語 它是放在連系動(dòng)詞之后表示主語的身分或特征的，如I am a student.Our classroom is clean( 4) 賓語 它是表示及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的對(duì)象的，如I study English .

8、 介詞后面的名詞或代詞，叫做介詞的賓語，如They don't work on Sunday. Beijing is the capital of our country.北京是我國(guó)的首都。 She is fond of sports.她愛好運(yùn)動(dòng)。5)定語 它是限定或修飾名詞或代詞用的，如He likes to drink co1d milk 6)狀語 它是修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞用的，如He works hard .詞在句中的作用（成分）1.主語：名詞和代詞2.謂語動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞 My brother rides. his bicycle to work.我哥哥騎自行車上班。 3.表語：名

9、詞、代詞和形容詞His father is a doctor.他父親是個(gè)醫(yī)生。 The lesson is easy and Short.這課書又容易又短。 That classroom is ours，那個(gè)教室是我們的。 4.賓語：名詞和代詞I love music.我熱愛音樂。( The medicine is good for her.這藥對(duì)她有效。 5.定語：形容詞Li Hong is an excellent teacher.李紅是一位好老師。 6.狀語：副詞Our monitor does well in English.我們班長(zhǎng)英語學(xué)得好。 英語句子成分基礎(chǔ)練習(xí) (一). 指出下

10、列句中主語的中心詞 The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.(二). 選出句中謂語的中心詞 I don't like the picture on the wall.

11、    A. don't              B. like                C. picture       D. wall The days get longer and longer w

12、hen summer comes.    A. get                  B. longer            C. days   D. summer Do you usually go to school by bus?  &#

13、160; A. Do                B. usually            C. go             D. bus There will be a meeting at

14、the library this afternoon.    A. will be           B. meeting          C. the library      D. afternoon Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. Did&

15、#160;               B. twins           C. have        D. breakfast Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.    A. Tom&#

16、160;            B. didn't            C. do         D. his homework What I want to tell you is this.    A. want  

17、;          B. to tell             C. you          D. is We had better send for a doctor.    A. We     

18、60;        B. had             C. send       D. doctor He is interested in music.    A. is          &

19、#160;      B. interested       C. in         D. music Whom did you give my book to?    A. give             B. did &

20、#160;                C. whom        D. book(三) 挑出下列句中的賓語 My brother hasn't done his homework. People all over the world speak English.    You must pay good attention to yo

21、ur pronunciation. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. They made him monitor of the class. Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. You will find it u

22、seful after you leave school. They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is. (四) 挑出下列句中的表語 The old man was feeling very tired. Why is he worried about Jim? The leaves have turned yellow. Soon They all became interested in the subject. She was the first to learn about it. (五) 挑出下列句中

23、的定語 They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.                             What is your given name? On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. I am afraid some people fo

24、rgot to sweep the floor. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe! (六) 挑出下列句中的賓語補(bǔ)足語 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. They call me Lil

25、y sometimes.  I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus. Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?              (七) 挑出下列句中的狀語 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs.   He began t

26、o learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.   She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to s

27、ee the other machine. (八) 劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語 Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. Did he leave any message for me?二短語、從句和句子 （一）短語：具有一定意義但不構(gòu)成從句或句子的一組詞，叫做短語。短語在句子里可以單獨(dú)作為一個(gè)句子成分。 ：a)不定式短語 如He 1ikes

28、 to read newspapers after lunch b)動(dòng)名詞短語 ：Staying indoors all day is unhealthy c)分詞短語 如：I saw many people walking along the lake d)介詞短語 如：He came by bus.（二）從句(clause)內(nèi)含主語部分和謂語部分，表達(dá)一定的概念，但不成為一個(gè)獨(dú)立句子的一組詞，叫做從句。從句在句子里可以作為一個(gè)句子成分，一般由連詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞所引導(dǎo)。從句在句中可用作主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語等句子成分；a)主語從句 如What I want to say is t

29、his(我要說的是這么一點(diǎn)) b)表語從句 如This is what I want to say(這是我要說的) c)賓語從句 如I have said what I want to say(我說完了我要說的話) 。d)定語從句 如This is the thing I want to say(這就是我要說的) e)狀語從句 如If you want to say something，say it clearly(假如你要說什么，就應(yīng)說清楚) （三）句子概念：句子： 內(nèi)含主語部分和謂語部分，有比較完整的意義的一組詞，叫做句子。分類：有兩種分類方法：1.從句子結(jié)構(gòu)本身來看，句子可分為：a)簡(jiǎn)單

30、句：只有一個(gè)主語部分和一個(gè)謂語部分，如： The people's Republic of China was founded in 1949.中華人民共和國(guó)于一九四九年成立。b)并列句 ：包括兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句，中間常由連詞連接，如：Tom's father worked from morning till night but he got very little money.湯姆的父親從早干到晚，但掙得的錢很少。c)復(fù)合句 內(nèi)含一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句，如：It's a long time since I saw you last.好久沒有看見你了。2.從說話人說話

31、的目的來看，句子可分為：a)陳述句 用來敘述一件事，如：I saw him yesterday.昨天我看見他了。b)疑問句 用來提出疑問，如：Did you see him yesterday?你昨天見到他了嗎?c)祈使句 表示請(qǐng)求、命令等，如：Please come in.請(qǐng)進(jìn)來。d)感嘆句 表示喜怒等各種情感，如：What a beautiful voice she has!她嗓子多好啊!三 詞序 詞序就是詞或句子成分在句子中的排列順序。英語里的詞和句子成分在句子里的位置比較固定?，F(xiàn)將句子成分和虛詞在陳述句中的一般位置舉例說明如下：1)主語的位置 在陳述句基本結(jié)構(gòu)的最前面。如：We hel

32、p each other.我們互相幫助。2)謂語動(dòng)詞的位置 在主語之后。如：We go to school every day.我們每天上學(xué)。3)表語的位置 在連系動(dòng)詞之后。如：It's fine today.今天天氣很好。4)賓語的位置 在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。如：I like this place.我喜歡這個(gè)地方。(及物動(dòng)詞的賓語的位置)There are many trees in this place.這地方有許多樹。(介詞的賓語的位置)5)定語的位置 單詞作定語，一般放在被修飾語的前面，短語和從句作定語則放在被修飾語的后面。如：The school library has many books on agriculture.校圖書館有許多關(guān)于農(nóng)業(yè)的書 6)狀語的位置 修飾形容詞或副詞的狀語放在被修飾語之前；修飾動(dòng)詞的狀語有的放在動(dòng)詞之前，有的放在動(dòng)詞之后。如動(dòng)詞有賓語，狀語一般須放在賓語之后。如：The Summer Palace is very beautiful.頤和園非常美麗。 I know him well.我十分了解他。 The students often go on a picnic.這些學(xué)生經(jīng)常出去野餐。 We take