版權說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權,請進行舉報或認領
文檔簡介
1、全國職稱英語等級考試試題(理工類) 第一部分閱讀理解(75分) Passage1 CATVisashortwayofsaying"communityantenna(天線)television."But"cabletelevision"isthetermmostpeopleuse.CabletelevisionallowsviewerstoreceiveTVprogramsthattheycannotpickupwiththeirregularantennas. Televisionsignalsdonotfollowthecurve(曲線)oftheea
2、rth.Theytravelinstraightlinesinalldirections.SignalsfromaTVstationmovetowardthehorizon(水平線)andthengointospace.Ifyouliveonlyafewmilesfromastation,youmaynotgetanypictureatall. CATVbeganin1948.PeopleinplacesfarfromTVstationssharedthecostofputtinguphighantennas.Acommunityantennawasusuallyplacedonahill,a
3、mountain,oronahightower.TheantennapickedupTVsignalsandfedthemintoasmalllocalstation.Fromthestation,thickwirescalledcablesranouttonearbyhomes.Eachpersonusingthecablepaidamonthlycharge. CATVworkedwell,andsoonnewuseswerefoundforit.Localstationscouldfeedprogramsintoemptychannelsthatwerenotinuse.Peopleal
4、ongthecablecouldhavelocalnews,weatherreports,andfarmandschoolnewsatnoextracharge. Today,cabletelevisionhasmovedintocities.Itbringsinextraprogramsthatcityviewerswithregularantennascannotsee.Itisalsousedinmanyclassroomsthroughoutthecountry. 1.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthat_. A.mostpeopleusecabletelev
5、ision B."communityantenna"isanothernamefor"regularantenna" C.acommunityantennaisusedforcabletelevision D.regularantennascannotpickupTVsignalsprograms 2.Ofthefollowing,whichisNOTthewayTVsignalstravel? A.Inacurve. B.Inastraightline. C.Inalldirection. D.Towardthehorizon. 3.CableTVis
6、becomingmoreandpopularbecause_. A.itisfreeofcharge B.itcanprovidemoreprograms C.itprovidesallTVusersgoodpictures D.TVsetswithregularantennascanalsohaveagoodreceptionthroughCATV 4.Onthewhole,thispassageisabout_. A.howtoputuphighantennas B.awayofpickingupbetterTVprograms C.howtousetheemptychannelsonyo
7、urTVset D.thewaythatTVsignalsaresent 5.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat_. A.TVhasbeguntobeusedforeducationalpurposes B.thereisnochargeforCATV C.cableTVcannotbeusedinmountainousareas D.antennasforcableTVareusuallyputupinthecenterofacommunity Passage2 Inearliesttimes,menconsideredlightningtobeoneofthegrea
8、tmysteriesofnature.Someancientpeoplebelievedthatlightningandthunderweretheweaponsofthegods. Inreality,lightningisaflowofelectricityformedhighabovetheearth.Asingleflashoflightning1.6kilometerslonghasenoughelectricitytolightonemillionlightbulbs. TheAmericanscientistandstatesman,BenjaminFranklin,wasthe
9、firsttoshowtheconnectionbetweenelectricityandlightningin1752.Inthesameyearhealsobuiltthefirstlightningrod.Thisdeviceprotectsbuildingsfromdamagebylightning. Modernsciencehasdiscoveredthatonestrokeoflightingcontainsmorethan15millionvolts.Asparkbetweenacloudandtheearthmaybeaslongas13kilometers,andtrave
10、lataspeedof30millionmeterspersecond. Scientistsestimatethatthereareabout2000millionflashesoflightningperyear.LightninghitstheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkCity30to48timesayear.IntheUnitedStatesalongitkillsanaverageofonepersoneveryday. Thesafestplacetobeincaseofanelectricalstormisinaclosedcar.Outside,o
11、neshouldgotolowgroundandnotgetundertrees.Also,oneshouldstayoutofwaterandawayfrommetalfences.Insideahouse,peopleshouldavoidopendoorwaysandwindowsandnottouchwiresormetalthings. Withlightning,itisbettertobesafethansorry! 6.Lightningisreally_. A.weapon B.electricity C.light D.mystery 7.Peopleoncethought
12、hatlightningcamefrom_. A.scientists B.ground C.lightningrod D.gods 8.Oneflashoflightningcanproduceenoughelectricityfor_bulbs. A.10,000 B.1,000 C.1,000,000 D.100 9.BenjaminFranklin_. A.madethefirstlightningrod B.inventedelectricity C.builttheEmpireStateBuilding D.preventedLightningfromhittingcars 10.
13、_isthebestplacetobeduringanelectricalstorm. A.Swimmingpool B.ahighground C.Underatree D.Acar Passage3 Becauseoftheenergycrisis,scientistsintheoil-consumingnationshavebecomeincreasinglyinterestedinthepotential(潛在的)ofsolarenergy.Someexpertsestimatethatthepresentsupplyoffossil(化石)fuelwillnotlastuntilth
14、eendofthetwentiethcentury.Theproblemthatsolarenergyresearchersfaceishowtoharness(利用)thesun'senergyeffectivelyandinexpensively.Oneofthemostpopularmethodscurrentlybeingtestedusesrooftopsolarcollectorsandundergroundstoragetanks.Anadvantageofaproperlyworkingsystemofthistypeisthatitwillnotcreateanyen
15、vironmentalpollution.Anotheradvantageofusingsolarenergyisthatthecostofthefuel-thesun'srays-iszero.Whenasolarheatingsystemisworkingatmaximum(最大的)efficiency,itcanprovideupto80percentofwinterheatingneeds. 11.Themaintopicofthispassageis_. A.theshortageoffossilfuel B.theproblemsthatenergyresearchersf
16、ace C.anenvironmentalpollutionproblem D.aninexpensiveenergysource 12.Onepopularsolarheatingsystemmakesuseof_. A.roofcollectorsandundergroundstorage B.fossilfuelconversion C.undergroundoiltanks D.watercollectionandevaporation 13.Thecostofusingthesun'sraysforheatingis_. A.aboutthesameasthecostoffo
17、ssilfuels B.severalhundreddollarsperyear C.negligiblecomparedwithotherenergysources D.determinedbytheseverityofthewinter 14.Whichofthefollowingdescribesanadvantageofusingsolarenergy? A.Thereislittleornoenvironmentalpollution. B.Alargepercentageoffuelcostscanbesaved. C.Fossilfuelswillbecomemoreplenti
18、ful. D.Theoil-consumingnationswillnothavetoimportoil. 15.Accordingtosomeexperts,thesupplyoffossilfuelwillnotlast_. A.onemorecentury B.anindeterminabletime C.untiltheendofthiscentury D.indefinitely 第二部分完成句子(25分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成句子,每個空格只能填一個單詞。有的單詞第一個字母已經(jīng)給出,請將其余字母補全。 Notlongago,anairplanewasflyingoverNewZeala
19、nd.Therewasatelevisioncameracrewonboard.Suddenly,outinthenightsky,abrightsphere(球體)cameintoview.Everyoneonboardsawitandeveryonethough,"UFO"-UnidentifiedFlyingObject.Thecameracrewwentintoactionandstartedfilming.Thatweekpeopleallovertheworldsawthefilmofthismysteriouslightontheirtelevisionscr
20、eens.Whatwasit?Wasitaspaceshipfullofvisitorsfromanotherplanet?Thecaptainoftheaeroplaneandthefilmcrewbelieveditwas.Otherobservershadmanydifferentexplanations.SomesaiditwasVenus(金星).Otherssaiditwasjustatrickoflight. Anairtrafficcontrolleralsosawitonhisradarscreen.Hethoughtthataflockofbirdswascausingdo
21、tsonhisradarscreenwhenthe"UFO"appeared. MostastronomersnowbelievethatwhatthesepeoplesawwasalmostcertainlytheplanetVenus.Atthattimeofyearitisverybrightandeasytosee.Andfromamovingaeroplaneitcanappeartobemovingfast.SofarthereisnoproofthatUFOsorspaceshipsfromotherplanetsdoexist.Theseyearsinves
22、tigatorsofUFOshaveinvestigatedthousandsofsighting-oroccasionswhenpeoplesaidtheysawaUFO.Ninetypercentoftheseturnedouttohaveasimpleexplanation. However,it'sgoodideatokeepanopenmind.ScientistsinsomecountriesaretryingtopersuadetheirgovernmentstohelpthemstudyUFOs.Andtheyareplanningtocooperateinter-na
23、tionallyonreportingandinvestigatingsightingsofUFOs. Afterall,itisquitepossiblethatthereislifeoutthereintheuniverse.Andifsomethingisalive,itisquitepossiblethatitwillcometovisitus. 16.ThecaptainandthecameracrewbelievedthatUFOwasavspaceshipfromanotherplanet. 17.ManyobelievedthattheUFOwasVenus. 18.Sofar
24、thereisnoproofthatUFOsarespfromouterspace. 19.SomescientistsintheworldareplanningtodosomeronUFOs. 20.Plifeintheuniversemaytrytomakeavisittous. 第三部分閱讀理解(80分) Passage1 Inrecentyears,scientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentshavedrasticallychangedhumanlifeonourplanet,aswellasourviewsbothofourselvesasindivi
25、dualsinsocietyandoftheuniverseasawhole.MaybeoneofthemostprofounddevelopmentsofthelastdecadeisthediscoveryofrecombinantDNAtechnology,whichallowsscientiststointroducegenetic(遺傳學的)material(orgenes)fromoneorganismintoanother.Initssimplestform,thetechnologyrequirestheisolationofapieceofDNA,eitherdirectly
26、fromtheDNAoftheorganismunderstudy,orartificiallysynthesizedfromanDNA.ThispieceofDNAisthenligated(結(jié)扎)toafragmentofbacterialDNAwhichhasthecapacitytoreplicate(復制)itselfindependently.Therecombinantmoleculethusproducedcanbeintroducedintothecommonintestinal(內(nèi)部的)bacteriumEscherishchiacoli,whichcanbegrownin
27、verylargeamountsinsyntheticmedia.Underproperconditions,theforeigngenewillnotonlyreplicateinthebacteria,butalsoexpressitself,throughtheprocessoftranscriptionandtranslation,togiverisetolargeamountsofthespecificproteincodedbytheforeigngene. Thetechnologyhasalreadybeensuccessfullyappliedtotheproductiono
28、fseveraltherapeutically(療法的)importantbiomolecules,suchas,growthhormones,interferon,insulin. Manyotherimportantapplicationsareunderdetailedinvestigationinlaboratoriesthroughouttheworld. 21.RecombinantDNAtechnologyconsistsprimarilyof_. A.producingseveraltherapeuticallyimportantbiomolecules B.givingris
29、etolargeamountsofprotein C.introducinggeneticmaterialfromoneorganismintoanother D.usingaviralenzymecalledreversetranscriptase 22.RecombinantDNAtechnologyhasbeenusedintheproductionofallofthefollowingbiomoleculesexcept_. A.growthhormones B.Escherishchiacoli C.interferon D.insulin 23.Whichofthefollowin
30、gisnottrue? A.Theforeigngenewillreplicateinthebacteria,butitwillnotexpressitselfthroughtranscriptionandtranslation. B.ThebacteriumEscherishchiacolicanbegrowninlargeamountsinsyntheticmedia. C.Researchcontinuesinanefforttofindotherusesforthistechnology. D.RecombinantDNAtechnologyisarecentdevelopment.
31、24.ExpressionofageneinEscherishchiacolirequires_. A.theviralenzymereversetranscriptase B.theprocessesoftranscriptionandtranslation C.productionofinsulinandotherbiomolecules D.thatthebacteriabegrowninasyntheticmedia 25.Thetermrecombinantisusedbecause_. A.byligation,arecombinantmoleculeisproduced,whic
32、hhasthecapacityofreplication B.thetechniquerequiresthecombinationofseveraltypesoftechnology C.byligation,arecombinantproteinisproduced,partofwhoseaminoacidscomefromdifferentorganism D.Escherishchiacoliisarecombinantorganism Passage2 Watchababybetweensixandninemonthsold,andyouwillobservethebasicconce
33、ptsofgeometrybeinglearned.Oncethebabyhasmasteredtheideathatspaceisthree-dimensional,itreachesoutandbeginsgraspingvariouskindsofobjects.Itisthen,fromperhapsninetofifteenmonths,thattheconceptsofsetsandnumbersareformed.Sofar,sogood.Butnowominous(不祥的)developmenttakesplace.Thenervefibersinthebraininsulat
34、e(使隔離)themselvesinsuchawaythatthebabybeginstohearsoundsveryprecisely.Soonitpicksuplanguage,anditisthenbroughtintodirectcommunicationwithadults.Fromthispointon,itisusuallydownhillallthewayformathematics,becausethechildnowbecomesexposedtoallthenonsensewordsandbeliefsofthecommunityintowhichithasbeensou
35、nfortunateastohavebeenborn.Naturehavingdoneverywellbythechildnowbecomesexposedtoallthenonsensewordsandbeliefsoftothispoint,havingpermittedittheluxuryofthinkingforitselfforeighteenmonths,nowabandonsittothearbitraryconventionsandbeliefsofsociety.Butatleastthechildknowssomethingofgeometryandnumbers,and
36、itwillalwaysretainsomememoryoftheearlyhalcyon(平靜的)daysnomatterwhatvicissitudes(變化)itmaysufferlateron.Themainreservoirofmathematicaltalentinanysocietyisthuspossessedbychildrenwhoareabouttwoyearsold.Childrenwhohavejustlearnedtospeakfluently. 26.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss? A.Theimpactoflanguageonm
37、athematics. B.Children'sabilitytolearnlanguages. C.Howbasicconceptsofphysicsarelearned. D.Math-learningstrategiesforbabies. 27.Accordingtothepassage,whichoffollowingactivitieswouldteachababygeometry? A.Pickingupawoodenblock. B.Recognizingthenumber2. C.Utteringanonsenseword. D.Lookingatdistantobj
38、ects. 28.Accordingtotheauthor,atwhatagedoesachildprobablybegintolearnaboutsetsandnumbers? A.Sixmonths. B.Ninemonths. C.Fifteenmonths. D.Eighteenmonths. 29.Theuseoftheword"ominous"showsthattheauthorbelievethechild's_. A.linguisticfutureisthreatened B.nerveswilldeteriorate C.hearingwills
39、uffer D.mathematicalabilityalldecline 30.Thepassagesupportwhichofthefollowingconclusions? A.Thelanguageconceptsusedinearlyeducationinterferewithmathematicalreasoning. B.Itishopelesstotrytoteachchildrenmathematicsaftertheageoftwo. C.Languageteachingshouldincorporatesomemathematicalformulas. D.Prescho
40、oleducationshouldstresssociety'sbeliefsandconventions 第四部分概括大意(20分) 給下面一篇文章的每一段概括大意。每一段的主題用一個或幾個單詞表示,空出的詞已給出了第一個字母,請把其余字母補全。 31.TheSolarE Thesunisthesourceofmostoftheheatknowntous.Asadirectsourceofheat,thesunmaintainslifeuponthisplanet,150000000kilometersdistant.Itisalsoanindirectsourceofheat.Si
41、ncetheearthisderivedfromthesun,itisthelatterthatwemusttracesomeoftheearth'sinternalheatthatrevealsitselfthroughvolcanoes,geysers(噴泉),andhotsprings. 32.InsectsandSurfaceT Aninsectisnotafraidofgravity,butitisindeadlyfearofanotherforceofnature.Thisforceiscalledsurfacetension(張力).Amancomingoutofabat
42、hcarrieswithhimafilmofwateraboutonefiftiethofaninchinthickness.Thisweightsaboutapound.Awetmousehastocarryitsownweightinwater.Awetflyhastoliftmanytimesitsownweight,and,aseveryoneknows,aflyoncewettedbywateroranyotherliquidisinaveryseriouspositionindeed.Aninsectgoingforadrinkisinasgreatdangerasamanlean
43、ingovertheedgeofacliffinsearchoffood.Ifitoncefallsintothegripofthesurfacetensionofthewater-thatistosay,getswetitislikelytoremainsountilitdrowns.Afewinsectscontrivetobeunwettable;themajoritykeepawayfromtheirdrinkbymeansoflongproboscis(喙). 33.TofBoilingPointofLiquids Whenthetemperatureofaliquidisraise
44、denough,theliquidboils.Thismeansthatbubblesofvapor,containingmillionsofmoleculesformbelowthesurface.Inorderforsuchbubblestobeproduced,thepressureofthevaporinsidethemmustbeequaltothepressureoftheairuponthesurfaceoftheliquid.Iftheairpressureisgreater,thebubblewillcollapse.Theboilingpointofaliquid,then
45、,isthetemperatureatwhichthevaporpressureoftheliquidisequaltotheatmosphericpressureupontheliquidatthesurface. 34.EandContraction Solidsalsoexpandwithincreaseintemperatureandcontractwhencooled.Buttheydonotbehavequitesouniformly(相同地)inthisrespectasliquidsandgasesdo,particularlyinthecaseofwidevariations
46、,intemperature.Mostsolidsexpendorcontractbyadefiniteamountforeverydegreeofthetemperaturethatrisesorfalls.Theamountbywhichonsubstanceexpandsandcontractsforonedegreeisnotusuallythesameasthatforadifferentsubstance.Thus,foragivenriseintemperature,apieceofbrassexpandsatlittlemorethanapieceofcopperandmuch
47、morethanapieceofsteelofthesamesize. 35.AofElectricTrains Electrictrainshavemanyadvantagesoverthosedrawnbysteamengines.Thereisnosmoketosoilthepassengers'clothesandthecushionsinthetrain.Becausetheycarrynoheavyloadsofcoalandwater,thesetrainscanstartandstopwithlesswasteofpower.Inastationtheyaresilen
48、t:there'snosteamtoproducenoisetodeafenthepassengers. 第五部分閱讀理解(120分) Passage1 Intheatmosphere,carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirrortheglassintheroofagreenhousewhichallowsthesun'sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping. Accordingtoaweatherexpert'sprediction,theatmospherewillbe7oCwarmerintheyear2050thanitistoday,ifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentrate.Ifthiswarminguptookplace,theicecapesinthepoleswouldbegintomelt,thusraisingsealevelseveralmetresandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Also,th
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負責。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權或不適當內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 學校中層干部聘任制度
- 門窗店面勞動合同范本
- 水土保持服務合同范本
- 數(shù)字化基礎知識概述
- 廢舊物資定點處置合同范本
- 2024版【大班數(shù)學教案】大班數(shù)學活動《比眼力》
- 棄碴場復墾方案
- 電腦監(jiān)控合同范本
- 水管合同范本
- 水電收費合同范本
- 計算機組成與系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)課后答案(清華大學出版社-袁春風主編)
- 水稻全程機械化生產(chǎn)技術課件
- 市場推廣部薪酬福利與績效考核方案
- 西藏自治區(qū)內(nèi)地西藏初中班招生統(tǒng)一考試試卷數(shù)卷a
- 海思終端芯片ATE技術手冊
- 2022年《審計學》課程教案
- 《植物生理學》課件第三章+植物的光合作用
- 幼兒園音樂欣賞活動-培訓課件
- 國家開放大學《西方經(jīng)濟學(本)》章節(jié)測試參考答案
- 第三講現(xiàn)代漢語詞匯的分類及形成
- 三副常用英語 文檔
評論
0/150
提交評論