輪機英語考證學(xué)習指南未刪減版

1、輪機英語考證第一篇 輪機英語考證指南Unit l Main Propulsion Plant（主推進裝置）(1) Lesson l Ships and Machinery ships（船舶和機械）(1) Lesson 2 How Does a Marine Diesel Engine Work(船用柴油機是如何工作的)(6) Lesson 3 Diesel Engine Construction(柴油機結(jié)構(gòu))(34) Lesson 4 Fuel Oil System(燃油系統(tǒng))(65) Lesson 5 Central Cooling Water System(中央冷卻系統(tǒng))(88) Less

2、on 6 Starting System(起動系統(tǒng))(102) Lesson 7 Lubricating System(潤滑系統(tǒng))(119) Lesson 8 Gas Exchange Process(換氣過程)(138) Lesson 9 Operation and Maintenance of Main Engine（主機的運行與養(yǎng)護）(152) Lesson 10 Transmission System(傳動系統(tǒng))(192) Lesson 11 A Leap in Technology for Marine Engines （船用柴油機技術(shù)的一次飛躍）(199) Lesson 12 ME

3、 Engines( ME柴油機)(201)Unit 2 Auxiliary Machinery（輔助機械）(203) Lesson 13 Marine Boilers and Their Construction(船用鍋爐及其結(jié)構(gòu))(203) Lesson 14 Boiler Mountings，Management and Maintenance （鍋爐附件、管理及其結(jié)構(gòu)）(207) Lesson 15 Marine Pumps(船用泵)(220) Lesson 16 Marine Refrigeration(船舶制冷)(241) Lesson 17 Marine Refrigeration

4、 Management and Fault Diagnosis （船舶制冷裝置的管理和故障診斷）(254) Lesson 18 Air Conditioning System(空調(diào)系統(tǒng))(271) Lesson 19 Bilge Water Treatment System(機艙污水處理系統(tǒng)) (279) Lesson 20 Garbage Management and Biological Sewage Treatment （垃圾處理及生活污水處理）(287) Lesson 21 Oil Treatment(油的處理)(292) Lesson 22 Marine Desalination P

5、lants（船用海水淡化裝置）(301) Lesson 23 The Hydraulic System and Equipment(液壓系統(tǒng)和液壓設(shè)備)(311) Lesson 24 Cargo Handling Equipment(貨物裝卸設(shè)備) (327) Lesson 25 Anchor Windlass and Mooring Winch(錨機和絞纜機)(330) Lesson 26 Steering Gear(舵機)(334)Unit 3 Marine Electrization and Automatization （船舶電氣及自動化）(343)2 / 1006 Lesson 27

6、 Marine Generator(船舶發(fā)電機)(343) Lesson 28 Paralleling Operation of Alternators(發(fā)電機并車)(355) Lesson 29 Electricity Distribution System（電力分配系統(tǒng)）(359) Lesson 30 Marine Electric Equipment(船用電氣系統(tǒng))(363) Lesson 31 Basic Theory of Automatic Control(自動控制系統(tǒng))(378)Lesson 32 Typical Examples of Automatic Control Sys

7、tem （典型的自動控制系統(tǒng)）(380) Lesson 33 Basic Meaning of UMS and Its Function （無人值班機艙基本理論及其功能）(382)Unit 4 Marine Engineering Management（輪機管理）(383) Lesson 34 Stand-by Engine(備車)(383) Lesson 35 Watch keeping(值班)(387)Lesson 36 General Rules on Working in Machinery Space （機艙工作基本規(guī)程）(393)Lesson 37 Regulations of F

8、ire Fighting(消防規(guī)則)(399)Lesson 38 Marine Emergency Arrangement and Equipment（船用應(yīng)急裝置及設(shè)備）(418)Lesson 39 Bunkering and Lube Oil Management(加油及潤滑油管理)(421)Lesson 40 Stores and Spare Parts（物料和備件）(437)Lesson 41 Shiprepair and Docking(修船及進塢)(439)Lesson 42 Sea Trials(試航) (444)Lesson 43 Port State Control（港口國監(jiān)

9、督）(446)Unit 5 International Conventions and Regulations （國際公約及法則）(453)Lesson 44 Basic Principles to be Observed in Keeping an Engineering Watch （值班應(yīng)遵守的基本規(guī)則）(453)Lesson 45 MARPOL 73/78(73/78防污染公約)(458)Lesson 46 SOIAS Convention(國際海上人命安全公約)(465)Lesson 47 ISPS Code（國際船舶和港口設(shè)施保安規(guī)則）(468)Lesson 48 ISM Code

10、(國際安全管理規(guī)則)(472)Lesson 49 MaritimeLabour Convention，2006（2006海事勞工公約）(477)Lesson 51 Oil Record Book(油類記錄簿) (478)Unit 6 Others其它(482)The Governor of the Diesel Engine（榮油機調(diào)速器）(482)Trouble Shooting and Remedy of the Diesel Engine（柴油機故障分析和排除）(485)Marine Propulsion Plant(船舶推進裝置)(516)Others（其它）(524)Unit 7關(guān)聯(lián)

11、題(542)Passage 1 (542)Passage 2 (542)Passage 3 (543)Passage 4 (544)Passage 5 (545)Passage 6 (546)Passage 7 (547)Passage 8 (548)Passage 9 (549)Passage 10 (550)Passage 11 (551)Passage 12 (552)Passage 13 (553)Passage 14 (555)Passage 15 (556)Passage 16 (557)Passage 17 (558)Passage 18 (559)Passage 19 (560

12、)Passage 20 (561)第二篇 輪機英語評估指南第一章 公共用語(563)第二章 機艙日常業(yè)務(wù)(566)第三章 駕機聯(lián)系(576)第四章 應(yīng)急用語(580)第五章 對外業(yè)務(wù)聯(lián)系(587)第六章 PSC/ISM檢查(592)口述練習題參考答案(601)問答題練習參考答案(611)參考文獻(623)輪機英語考試大綱(624) 第一篇 輪機英語考證指南Unit l Main Propulsion Plant（主推進裝置）Lesson l Ships and Machinery slups（船舶和機械）0001. The auxiliary engine and a.c.generator

13、can be connected with A. cam B.crosshead C.bulge D.coupling注：副機和發(fā)電機用聯(lián)軸節(jié)連接，故選Do0002. The term medium speed diesel engine is currently taken to mean an engine with an operat-ing rotational speed of_ rpm.A. below 300 C. between 300 t0 1200 B. above 1200 D. below 1200注：術(shù)語“中速機”是指運行速度介于300 -1200 rpm之間的發(fā)動機

14、。(也有說法為300 -1000 rpm)，只能選C，故選Co0003. The rotating range of the low speed diesel engine is usually lower than_. A.100 rpm B.200 rpm C.300 rpm D.500 rpm洼：術(shù)語“低速機”是指運行速度小于300rpm的發(fā)動機，故選Co0004. Among the main propulsion uruts on board the ship with the same capacity, the lightest one 1S_ _ A.steam engine

15、B.steam turbine C.gas turbine D.diesel engine注：船舶使用的各種類型的主推進裝置中，如果產(chǎn)生的功率相同，裝置重量最輕的是燃 氣輪機。（比功率大是燃氣輪機的優(yōu)點，同樣功率，內(nèi)燃機中重量最輕，體積也最 小。）故選Co0005. Conceming diesel propelled vessels, the astem power is to provide for continuous operation astem_“A. equal to that available for ahead operationB. at 70 percent of th

16、e ahead rpm at rated speed C. while underway and under all normal conditions D. at 70 percent of the ahead rpm of average continuous sea speed洼：柴油機驅(qū)動的船舶，倒車轉(zhuǎn)速一般是正車額定轉(zhuǎn)速的70%一80%，故選Bo0006,A diesel engine is operating at 1800 rpm and driving a propeller at 600 rpm. What is the speed reduction ratio? A.0.

17、 30 t0 1 B.3.00 t0 1 C.3.33 t0 1 D.33.0 t0 1注：減速齒輪箱的減速比=曲軸轉(zhuǎn)速螺旋槳轉(zhuǎn)速=1800/600=3，故選Bo0007. Engine displacement is equal to the cylinder A. area times the strokeB. area times the stroke, times the number of cylindersC. volume times the strokeD. volume times the stroke, times the number of cylinders注：發(fā)動機的

18、排量=氣缸面積活塞沖程氣缸數(shù)目，選B。0008. In using reduction gears to obtain efiicient propeller speeds A. they must be located at the after end of the engine B. they can only be used with one engine at atime C. they eliminate the need for controllable pitch propellers D. they are connected to the engine with aflexi

19、ble coupling注：減速齒輪與發(fā)動機來用柔性聯(lián)軸節(jié)連接，選D。0009. Maximum horsepower of a diesel engine is attained （ ）A. when the engine rpm is pulled down by overloadB. at rated engine rpm C. at 95%of rated engine rpm D. at 95%of a properly adjusted governor rpm with the engine under full load注：柴油機的最大功率是在其額定轉(zhuǎn)速時產(chǎn)生的，故選Ba Th

20、e term moderate speed was previously interpreted as meaning a speed which wouldenable a vessel （ ）witlun half the range of visibility. A. stopping B.being stopped C.to stop D.to be stopped注：術(shù)語“中等速度”以前被解釋為能使船舶在視野的一半距離內(nèi)被停住的速度。根據(jù) 題意船舶被停住要使用被動語態(tài)，enable后面要跟動詞不定式，故選D。0011（ ）can be found on most medium to

21、large merchant vessels even if the main engine iseither a steam turbine or 2-stroke crosshead engine.A. The medium speed 4-stroke trunk piston engineB. The low speed 2-stroke crosshead engineC. The medium speed 2-stroke crosshead engineD. The low speed 4-stroke trunk piston engine即使主機是汽輪機，或者是二沖程十字頭柴

22、油機，在中到大型的商船上也有采用中速的四沖程筒狀柴油機。B中的二沖程機題目中已有，C中的中速二沖程機和D中的低速四沖程機都不對，只有A的中速四沖程機符合題意，故選A。0012（ ）allows the engine to be placed wherever is most suitable, as they no longer have tobe aligned with reduction gearing and shafting as is the case with conventional installations. A. Diesel engine propulsion B.Di

23、esel electric propulsion C. Steam engine propulsion D.Gas, turbine propulsion洼：柴油電力推進可以使主機布置在最合適的位置，而不用像傳統(tǒng)的推進裝置要求與減 速齒輪和軸系對中，根據(jù)題意選B。Diesel electric propulsion指柴油電力推進。0013. Medium speed engines have a（ ）power to weight ratio than the slow speed two strokes,but due to the higher speeds tend to have （

24、） maintenance intervals.A. higher; reduced B. higher; increased C.lower, reduced D.lower; increased .第一篇輪機英語考證指南LUN jl 17NG YU KAO乏砸rG XUE XI腳NrMr注：中速機比低速二沖程機的功率重量大，但由于速度高，檢修周期較短，故選Ao0014. The diesel engine is similar to the gasoline engine in that_. A both of them are ignited by compressed air B. b

25、oth of them are the forms of external combustion engines C. both of them have spark plugs D. the power is developed by the piston in the cylinder ,注：柴油機類似汽油機在于功率都是由氣缸里的活塞產(chǎn)生的，故選Do0015. The reason why more and more of the large merchant vessels are being powered by medium- speed diesel engines is_. A.

26、 they operate between 150 and 450 rpm B. they are connected to the propeller by gearing C. their smaller size and weight D. they can be connected directly to the propeller without gearing洼：越來越多的大型商船以中速柴油機為動力的原因是它們的尺寸小、重量輕，故選Co0016. Gas turbines differ from steam turbines in that_. A. steam rather th

27、an gas is used to tum a shaft B. vapor rather than gas is used to tuma shaft C.the former uses gas to tum a shaft D. the latter uses gas to tum a shaft注：燃氣輪機區(qū)別于汽輪機在于前者使用燃氣去使軸轉(zhuǎn)動，故選Co0017.A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 rpm, is commonly classed as a_. A

28、. slow-speed diesel B.medium-speed diesel C. high-speed diesel D.constant=speed diesel洼：曲軸轉(zhuǎn)速800轉(zhuǎn)分以額定功率正常運行的柴油機稱為中速柴油機，故選Bo0018. 一is an opening for supplying seawater to condensers, pumps, etc. located in the hull below the waterline and having means for the attachment of associated piping. A. Sea ch

29、est B.Scupper C.Scuttle D.Sea port注：海底門是向冷凝器、泵等供應(yīng)海水的進口，位于水線下方的船殼處，可用于連接相 應(yīng)的管路，故選Ao scupper排水口，scuttle天窗。0019.A ship designed for carrying goods requiring refrigeration is called_. A. reefer B.ro/ro ship C.container D.tanker注：設(shè)計用于運輸冷藏物品的船舶是冷藏船，選Ao Ro/Ro ship滾裝船。0020. The depth of the ship below water

30、line measured vertically to the lowest part of the hull is caUed_， 、 A. trim B.lean C.draft D.tonnage注：船舶水線以下垂直到船殼最低點的深度稱為吃水線，故選Co ，0021. Which of the terms listed below represents the operational speed at which excessive engine vibration is created? A. Non-harmonic speed. B.Critical speed. C. Maxim

31、um speed. D.Design maximum speed.注：臨界速度代表發(fā)動機過度振動產(chǎn)生的運轉(zhuǎn)速度，故選Bo3輪機英話考證學(xué)習指南LUN 71 17NG TU KAO LDVG XUE IT Lt NAAr0022. Which of the devices listed is installed on a diesel engine to isolate some of the crankshaft vibrations caused by rotational and reciprocating forces? A. Planetary gear set. B.Torsiona

32、l vibration damper. C. Friction clutch. D.Air bladder clutch.注：裝在柴油機的振減振器用來隔離由回轉(zhuǎn)和往復(fù)作用力所產(chǎn)生的部分曲軸振動，選B。 Planetary gear行星齒輪。0023. diesel engine electric starting motors generally require heavier duty motors and operate at higher voltages than comparable starting motors for gasoline engines due to_. A. h

33、igher speed required B.flywheel-effect C. lower starting temperatures D.higher compression pressures洼：因為要更高的壓縮壓力，柴油機電起動馬達與類似的汽油機的起動馬達相比，要有 更大的功率和更高的電壓，故選D。0024. Some medium and high-speed diesel engines require reduction gear units to provide a useful propeller speed. In most reduction gears, the bu

34、ll gear_. A. must chum the oil in the sump B. is connected to the propeller shaft C. is driven at the highest rpm D.compensates for alignment variations between the engine and pinion gear注：中高速柴油機需要減速裝置來提供一個可用（有效）的螺旋槳轉(zhuǎn)速。大多數(shù)減速裝 置，大齒輪與螺旋槳軸連在一起，故選Bo bull gear大齒輪。0025. When used with reversing reduction

35、gears, medium-speed diesel engines should be bolted to their foundations with fitted bolts at the drive end and clearance (loosely fitted) bolts in other locations. This is done to_. A. maintain alignment when the ships hull is working in heavy seas B. ensure engine vibrations correspond to the natu

36、ral frequency of the hull C. permit the engine to expand away from the driven equipment as the engine heats up and expands D.maintain engine thrust bearing clearances洼：當與倒車減速裝置一起使用時，中速柴油機應(yīng)該在傳動端用裝配螺栓與底座連在一 起，而在其它地方則用間隙螺栓固定，這樣可使柴油機熱膨脹時留有膨脹余地，故 選Co0026. When transmitted by a reduction gear, diesel engi

37、ne speed is reduced and the torque avail- able for work_。 A. remains the same B.is reduced C.is increased D.is eliminated注：通過減速裝置，柴油機速度降低，扭矩增加，故選C。0027. Which of the following statements is correct conceming available astem power for diesel main propulsion systems? A. Astem power is to be provided i

38、n a sufficient amount to secure proper control of the ship in all normal circumstances. B. The astem power of the main propelling machinery is to provide for continuous operation astem at 600/0 0f the ahead rpm at rated speed. C. For main propulsion systems without reversing gears, controllable pitc

39、h propellers or e4第一篇輪機英語考證指南LUN西17NG YU KAO Z程rG XUE XI aTII NAN lectric propulsion drive, rumung astern is not to lead to overload conditions.D. Astern power available will be equal to ahead power when controllable pitch propellers are utilized, thus discounting the need for increased operating pa

40、rameters.注：倒車功率必須能提供足夠的功率確保在各種正常情況下能夠?qū)Υ斑M行適當?shù)目刂疲?故選A。0028. When two medium speed diesel engines coupled in parallel to a common propeller shaft that operates at the same speed as the engines, which of the operating conditions listed will ap- ply? A. Full horsepower is available ahead and astem. B. O

41、ne engine must be running ahead and the other astem. C. Full reversing torque is not available. D. Mechanical reduction gearing is required.洼：當兩臺中速柴油機并排連接到同速運轉(zhuǎn)的普通螺旋槳軸上，需要機械減速裝置，故 選D。0029. The abbreviation M/E is used to represent theA. measure equipmentC. my engine注：M/E是主機的縮寫，故選D。0030are increasingl

42、y usedB. main electricalD. main engineas main engine on merchant vessels, because they have a lughHp/Weight ratio.A. Slow speed diesel enginesC; Steam enginesB. Medium-speed diesel enginesD. Gasoline engines中速柴油機越來越多地被用于商船，因為它們的功率重量大，敵選 B0031. Propulsion of the vast majority of contemporary merchant

43、 slupsand VLCCs) utilizesA. gas turbineas prime mover. B. diesel engine。especially containerships C.steam engine D.gasoline engine當前多數(shù)商船的動力裝置尤其是集裝箱船和超大型船使用柴油機作為原動力，故選B。0032. Typical marine propulsion plants includedirectly coupled to the vessels single large-diameter, fixed-pitch propeller. A. a sin

44、gle, long-stroke, slow-speed, turbocharged, two-stroke diesel engineB. a single, long-stroke, medium-speed, turbocharged, four-stroke diesel engineC. two medium-speed, turbocharged, four-stroke diesel enginesD. a variable-speed a c. generator洼：典型的船用動力裝置包括單臺低速、長沖程、渦輪增壓二沖程柴油機，故選B。0033. Withthe engine

45、nted not to be aligned with reduction gears or propeller shaft.A. Diesel engine propulsionC. Steam engine propulsionB. Diesel electric propulsion.D. Gas turbine propulsion注：采用柴油電力推進裝置，柴油機不需要與減速裝置或螺旋槳軸對中，故選B。0034. Diesel engines instead of steam engines were used as main en;ine on board ships is main

46、ly because .輪機英語考證學(xué)習指南LUN西1ZVG 17J KAO乏陋G XUE h7乏田NAN A. they have a high mechanical efficiency B.they have a high thermal efficiency C. they are more reliable D.they have a large volume注：柴油機替代汽輪機用作船舶的主機主要是因為它們有高的熱效率，故選B。0035. When a ship in loaded condition floats at arbitrary water line, its displ

47、acement is -_to the relevant mass of water displaced by the ship. A. equal B.larger C.smaller D.equivalent注：當一條載有貨物的船在任何吃水線時，她的排水量等于載貨船舶的總重量，故選Aa0036. The displacement of a ship is_to the total weight, all told, of the relevant loaded ship. A. larger B.equal C.smaller D.equivalent注：船舳的排水量等于人們所說的載貨船舶

48、的總重量i故選B。0037. Which one is not true? A. Two main areas of skill are involved in the construction of slup. B. There are distinct divisions in responsibilities between naval architects and marine engi- neers. C. Each slup will assume varying proportions according to its type. D.Ships can be divided i

49、nto different categories from different perspectives.注：造船工程師和輪機員在職責上有明確的區(qū)別，故選Ba0038. Why a gearbox is needed in a ship driven by a medium-speed diesel engine? A. To reduce the main engine speed. B.To increase the main engine speed. C. To govern the main engine speed. D.To fix the propeller shaft.洼：中速柴油機的齒輪箱是用來固定螺旋槳軸的