南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)2017博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語試題

1、WORD資料.可編輯南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)2016年博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語試題考生答題須知：1 .所有題目（包括填空、選擇、圖表等類型題目）答題答案必須做在考點發(fā)給的答題紙上，做在本試題冊上無效。請考生務(wù)必在答題紙 上寫清題號。2 .評卷時不評閱本試題冊，答題如有做在本試題冊上而影響成績的，后果由考生自己負(fù)責(zé)。3 .答題時一律使用藍(lán)、黑色墨水筆或圓珠筆作答（畫圖可用鉛筆） ，用其它筆答題不給分。4 .答題時不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液等具有明顯標(biāo)記的涂改用品。PART I Vocabulary （15points）Section ADirections : Choose the word that is the cl

2、osest synonym to the underlined word.1. The government slated new elections in the spring, largely as a result of the public clamor.A. demand B. view C. request D. opinion2. The most prolific writer is not necessarily the best.A. written-about B. productive C. artful D. religious3. Imagine my vexati

3、on when they said they would come to dinner and then didn't show.A. enlightenment B. astonishment C. annoyance D. contrariness4. Any troop of wild animals should be approached warily. A. fearlessly B. confidently C. silently D. prudently5. There is little learning involved when one is reprimande

4、d two or three months after the deed.A. recommended B. reproached C. recompensed D. reversed6. Archaeologists are interested in pottery, figurines and other vestiges of ancient civilizations.A. traces B. shards C. products D. artifacts7. Packaging is designed so as to encourage impetuous shopping.A.

5、 extravagant B. careful C. impotent D. impulsive8. Pan of his general thrift is to be meticulous in verifying monthly expenses.A. painstaking B. dilatory C. meretricious D. gaudy9. The jurors came to a deadlock in the defendant's trial for murder.A. a decision of guiltyB. a decision to punish by

6、 electrocutionC. an impasseD. an unusual verdict10. Among the lowest of the judicial ranks, justices of the peace nevertheless frequently exercise jurisdiction over a variety of misdemeanors.A. guidance B. sovereignty C. authority D. suzerainty11. A mistake is rarely atoned for by a single apology,

7、however profuse.A. extravagant B. produced C. divergent D. repetitious12. Her office in the First National Bank building is provisional. A. permanent B. temporary C. corrupt D. craven13. The burglars ransacked the room taking anything of value they found.A. demolished B. took over C. inhabited D. th

8、oroughly searched14. The whole of the endowment was used to refurbish the school gymnasium.A. millionaires B. endorsements C. governments D. donations15. The massacre of innocent people cannot ever be condonedA. overlooked B. praise C. condemned D. satisfiedSection BDirections : Choose the answer th

9、at best completes the sentence.16. When he realized the true nature of the proposal, he all communication with thegroup.A. convert B. averted C. severed D. make17. The worsening financial situation made it obvious that an economic depression was.A. attainable B. remote C. imminent D. eminent18. All

10、of the dental instruments need to be before the next patient is seen.A. heated B. scalded C. sterilized D. burned19. Rock climbing is so popular now that many people are able to the steepest facewith great agility.A. scale B. surpass C. overcome D. mount20. If you call the 911 emergency number, they

11、 will firemen, policemen, and paramedics immediately.A. assign B. detach C. attach D. dispatch21. His evident to his wife despite her indiscretion proved him to be a manof integrity.A. personality B. character C. fidelity D. morality22. I don't know why he has been given. It wasn't his accom

12、plishment but his wife's.A. acclaim B. confidence C. reimbursement D. robustness23. After a concert tour in Asia, Canadaand the U. S., he will work on a five-language opera.A. confine B. indulge C. resume D. undergo24. When Ph. D candidates their impending professorships, they consider housingbe

13、nefits offered by the prospective universities.A. anticipate B. assume C. apply D. demand25. My supply of confidence slowly as the deadline approached.A. withdrew B. eliminated C. exterminated D. diminished26. The battle is of great significance when viewed in the of the progress of the war.A. prosp

14、ective B. respective C. perspective D. prescriptive27. It has long been known that total sleep is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, uponexamination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal.A. deposition B. destruction C. deprivation D. reduction28. In that country, hospital doctors don&#

15、39;t go sightseeing very often because their work almost all their time.A. takes up B. takes off C. takes apart D. takes over29. According to the law of that country, the Parliament will have to be before theGeneral Election.A. decomposed B. dispersed C. dissolved D. disintegrated30. He failed to ca

16、rry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to the consequences.A. answer for B. run into C. abide by D. step intoPART H Grammar (15 points)Section ADirections : Choose the letter that indicates the error in the sentence.31. Switzerland is best known for its majesty mountain range

17、 and thousands flock to the AlpsABCeach year to take advantage of their ideal skiing conditions.D32. Police were sent to disperse the crowds but ended up by shooting down protesters and itABwas in this chaos that the seeds of political liberation were sown. CD33. Even today, through the hustle and b

18、ustle of Nevsky Prospect, St Petersburg's main street, A Bthe classical beauty of the city mesmerizes the eye.CD34. She is furious of her son's grades in school, which explains why Mark is jealous of Julia's high ABCmarks on the exam.D35. Smog-choked Southern California demands them. It&

19、#39;s a car for people who never want to go Ato a gas station again. But the fact is, for all the talk, selling gas-less machines has been aBhard-sell.D36. People thought: Hey, eat a carp and you will be taking in what it is that gives you these fishABtheir long life-span. Of course, it hasn't d

20、one a lot of good for these carp.CD37. In deciding to undertake dangerous pursuits, people usually strive for their maximumApersonal ability rating,when they are challenged but can he victorious, rather than merelyB Csurmounting the mediocre.D38. In proposing such philanthropic donations, the direct

21、or of the company certainly spoke fromABa genuine concern for the needy and not any desire for personal accolades.CD39. The armor, infantry and other military forces were held up by the enemy counter attack,A BCthus caused the delay in the advance.D40. Just as children the world over like Christmas

22、rooming, adults so like Christmas eveningABCwhen peace and calm return to the household.D41. Each employee with a modicumof intelligence would be able to undertake such a basic process.ABCD42. The economic situation will improve given that there is forecast to be less unemploymentABand closures than

23、 in previous years.C D43. The three most important issues of concern to dtizens today are prison reform, abusing children and toxic waste. CD44. I was on the verge of incurring Mr. Rochester's wrath by not listening to his prohibitions,A Bwhile a ray once more shone almost imperceptibly on the h

24、allway wall and I heard his muffledCDstep on the carpet.45. The above is the most important aspect which apes can be told from more primitive socialAB CDgroupings.Section BDirections : Choose the answer that best fills in the blank.46.that the earth was flat?A. Used it to be thoughtB. Did it used to

25、 be thoughtC. Was it need to being thought D. Does it used to be thought47. It is most inappropriate in the college VIP lounge.A. for any students to be there B. for there to be any studentsC. to be any students thereD. to have there any students48. She much more accurate responses now, had she take

26、n more pains in devising thequestions.A. got B. would have got C. had got D. would be getting49. An extensive foundation in the basic sciences should be required of all science students,A. whether they are future physicists or chemists.B. be they future physicists or chemists.C. they are future phys

27、icists or chemists.D. they should be future physicists or chemists.50. The general opinion is that he is to complain.A. so much a milquetoastB. too a milquetoastC. too much of a milquetoastD. so much of a milquetoast51. Although of course there are exceptions, it seemsreasonably dear that in certain

28、 countries-Rwanda, Somalia and parts of the former Yugoslavia cometo mind-hunger is less a result of an absolute food shortage,a policy decision or the political situation.A. than of B. rather than C. but the result of D. than is52. The ozone layer plays as great a role in the suability of spaceship

29、 Earth as thewaters of its lakes, ponds, oceans, rivers, and streams.A. doB. does C. play D. are53. Perhaps I should not have done so, but I changed my mind about the new job even thoughI was last week.A. to be started B. to have started C. to have been starting D. start54. Despite an overlay of qua

30、si-literary French vocabulary stemming from the Norman Invasionof 1066, the daily vocabulary of English remained Germanic, its grammatical structure.A. the same are B. and so are C. as did D. and so were55. Although money is always useful, it isn't all.A. what there is to life B. to which there

31、is in life C. there is to life D. that is in life56. ever so humble, there's no plane like home.A. It be B. Be it C. It was D. Was it57. all customs, no matter how sacrosanct, are essentially learned reactions appropriate, perhaps only to the holders thereof is a basic assumption of anthropologi

32、sts.A. Nearly B. It is nearly C. That nearly D. When nearly58. Although women cluster to him like moths around a flame, he is none happier forit.A. but B. the C. match D. any59. The major reason why Americans enjoy an abundant food supply is that the arable land at their disposal for food production

33、 is.A. three times more the world average B. three times as much the world averageC. three times the world average D. the world average is three times60. The sound of the roaring of a tiger is heard by jungle dwellers feelings of unease, for a year does not elapse without victims falling to the tige

34、r's ferocity.A. alwayswith B. everwithoutC. everwithD. neverwithoutPART HI Clone test (10 points)Directions : Choose the word that best completes the meaning.One of the basic characteristics of capitalism is the private ownership of the major meansof production-capital. The ownership of large am

35、ounts of capital can bring _61_ profits, as well as economic and political power. Some recent theorists, 62 have argued that oursociety has movedto a newstage of 63 that they call "postindustrial" society. Oneimportantchange in such society is that the ownership of 64 amounts of capital is

36、 no longer theonly or even the most important 65 of profits and influence; knowledge as well as 66 capital brings profits and influence.There are many 67 with the thesis above, not the least of 68 is that wealthycapitalists can buy the experts and knowledge they need to keep their profits and influe

37、nce.But this does not 69 the importance of knowledge in an advanced industrial society, asthe 70_of some new industries indicates. 71 , geneticengineering and the new computertechnology have 72 many new fines and made some scientists quite rich. In 73 with criticism of the postindustrial society the

38、sis, however, it must also be 74 that those already in control of huge amounts of capital (i.e., major corporations) soon 75 to take most profits in these industries based on new knowledge.Moving down from the level of wealth and power, we still find knowledge increasingly 76 . Many new high-tech jo

39、bs are being created at the upper-skill, low-paying service 77 . Something like a caste line is emerging centered around knowledge. Individuals who fall too far behind in the 78 of knowledge at a young age will find it almost impossible to catchup later, no matter how hard they try. Illiteracy in En

40、glish language has been a severe 79 for marry years in the United States, but weare also moving to the point whencomputer illiteracy will hinder many more people and 80 them to a life of low-skill and low-paid labor.61. A. quantitative B. extensive C. comprehensive D. sophisticated62. A. moreover B.

41、 however C. therefore D. nevertheless63. A. aggression B. proficiency C. productivity D. evolution64. A. dominant B. impressive C. magnificent D. significant65. A. source B. factor C. component D. element66. A. adequate B. profitable C. material D. spiritual67. A. advantages B. consequences C. probl

42、ems D. potentials68. A. them B. those C. which D. that69. A. deny B. refuse C. admit D. acknowledge70. A. emergence B. innovation C. extinction D. discovery71. A. In addition B. For example C. Above all D. In short72. A. produced B. created C. improved D. facilitated73. A. line B. need C. doubt D. m

43、atch74. A. idealized75. A. stepped in76. A. accessible77. A. enterprisesB. recognizedB. settled downB. importantB. employmentC. supervisedC. leaned overC. popularC. professionsD. summarizedD. mined outD. abundantD. industries78. A. control B. mastery C. searchD. pursuit79. A. handicap B. penaltyC. i

44、nconvenience D. shortcoming80. A. enforce B. punishC. confine D. condemnPART IV READING OOMPREHENSION (30 points)Directions : Answer all questions based on the information in the passages below.Passage 1Let us assume, for the moment, that labor is not prepared to work for a lower money-wage and that

45、 a reduction in the existing level of money-wages would lead, through strikes orotherwise, to a withdrawal from the labor market of labor which is now employed. Does it followfrom this that the existing level of real wages accurately measures the marginal disutilityof labor? Not necessarily. For, al

46、though a reduction in the existing money-wage would leadto a withdrawal of labor, it does not follow that a fall in the value of the existing money-wage in terms of wage-goods would do so, if it were due to a rise in the price of the latter. Inother words, it maybe the case that within a certain ran

47、ge the demandof labor is for a minimum money-wageand not for a minimumreal wage. The classical school has tacitly assumedthat this would involve no significant change in their theory. But this is not so. For if the supplyof labor is not a function of real wagesas its sole variable, their argument br

48、eaks downentirely and leaves the question of what the actual employment will be quite indeterminate. They donot seem to have realized that, unless the supply of labor is a function of real wages alone, their supply curve for labor will shift bodily with every movementof prices. Thus their method is

49、tied up with their very special assumptions, and cannot be adapted to deal with the more general case.Now ordinary experience tells us, beyond doubt, that a situation where labor stipulates (within limits) for a money-wagerather than a real wage, so far from being a mere possibility, is the normal c

50、ase. Whilst workers will usually resist a reduction of money-wages, it is not their practice to withdraw their labor whenever there is a rise in the price of wage-goods.It is sometimes said that it would be 川ogical for labor to resist a reduction of money-wages but not to resist a reduction of real

51、wages. For reasons given below, this might not be so 川ogical as it appears at first; and, as we shall see later, fortunately so. But, whether logical or illogical, experience shows that this is how labor in fact behaves.Moreover, the contention that the unemployment which characterizes a depression

52、is due to a refusal by labor to accept a reduction of money-wagesis not clearly supported by the facts. It is not very plausible to assert that unemployment in the United States in 1932 was due either to labor obstinately refusing to accept a reduction of money-wages or to its obstinately demanding

53、a real wage beyond what the productivity of the economic machine was capable of furnishing. Wide variations are experienced in the volume of employment without any apparent change either in the minimum real demands of labor or in its productivity. Labor is not more truculent in the depression than i

54、n the boom-fax from it. Nor is its physical productivity less. These facts from experience are a prima facie ground for questioning the adequacy of the classical analysis.81. "Labor is not prepared to work for a lower money-wage". The sentence means.A. a fall in the value of the existing m

55、oney-wage would lead to a withdrawal of laborB. a rise in the price of wage-goods would lead to a withdrawal of laborC. the demand of labor is for a rise of existing money-wageD. the demand of labor is for reduction in the value of real wages82. The classical school refers to.A. those scholars with

56、traditional idea B. the traditional schoolC. the experts who hold to the standard theory D. all of the above83. According to the author, the supply curve for labor depends on the.A. red money wages B. movement of price C. function of money-wages D. both A & B84. “Their" method cannot be ada

57、pted to deal with the more general case because they have not realized that.A. a fall in the value of real wages would lead to a withdrawal of the labor from market of laborB. a reduction in the existing level of money-wageswould lead to a withdrawal from the labor market of laborC. the supply of la

58、bor is not a function of real wagesD. the demand of labor is only for a minimum money-wages85. How dose labor usually behave?A. Labor would stipulate for money-wage.B. Labor would violently resist a reduction of real wages.專業(yè)技術(shù).整理分享WORD資料.可編輯C. Labor would strenuously resist a reduction of both money-wages and real wages.D. Labor would stipulate for real wages.86. The last paragraph of thus passage indicates that.A. labor