北京市2019年高考壓軸卷英語試題附答案解析

1、北京市2019年高考壓軸卷英語試題注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：Itssonicetohearfromheragain._,welastmetmorethanth

2、irtyyearsago.A.WhatsmoreB.ThatstosayC.InotherwordsD.Believeitornot答案是D1TheresearchesofthiskindinboththeU.K.andthecontinentalEuropewellbeforetheFirstWorldWar.AhaveconductedBhavebeenconductedChadconductedDhadbeenconducted2thefamousactressofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.AWhichBWhatCThatDWhom3Trump

3、inthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.AworksBworkedChavebeenworkingDhadbeenworking4IdontreallylikeTom.Whydidyouinvitehim?Dontworry.Hecome.Hesaidhewasntcertainwhathisplanswere.AmustnotBneednotCwouldnotDmightnot5Itsimportantforthefiguresregularly.AtobeupdatedBtohavebeenupdatedCtoupdateDtohaveup

4、dated6.Theoldbank,_appearanceisnotaprettysight,isextremelymagnificentinside.A.whoseB.whereC.whenD.whyt7.Thefamousathletetriedagainandagainaftereachfailure.Thats_hesucceededinheend.A.whatB.whenC.whetherD.why8.UsuallyBeijingRoastDuck_togetherwithspecialpancakes,greenonionsandsweetsauce.A.wasservedB.wi

5、llserveC.isservedD.serve9._gaspriceisgoingup,peoplearelookingforlessexpensivewaystogetaround.A.NowthatB.EvenifC.AlthoughD.Unless10.Passengers_talktothedriverwhilethebusismoving,becauseitwilltakehisfocusofftheroad.A.wouldnotB.mustnotC.maynotD.neednot11.Whenwesawtheroadwithsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholi

6、dayathome.A.blockB.toblockC.blockingD.blocked12.Itookmydrivinglicensewithmeonholiday,_Iwantedtohireacar.A.incaseB.evenifC.eversinceD.ifonly13.-Sowhatistheprocedure?-Alltheapplicantsbeforeafinaldecisionismadebytheauthority.A.interviewB.areinterviewingC.areinterviewedD.arebeinginterviewed14.Expertsbel

7、ievepeoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.A.whyB.whereC.thatD.what15.Ifweatableearlier,wecouldntbestandinghereinaqueue.A.havebookedB.bookedC.bookD.hadbooked第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。TheBraveAction13-year-oldMadisonwasstudyingathomew

8、henhermotherburstinShesaidaboyhadfallenintoaseptictank(化糞池)andmadeanurgent16forMadisonshelpTheyrantoaneighborsyard，wherethe17adultssurroundedtheseptictankopening18widerthanabasketballTheboy，agedonly2，hadslippedinandwas19Madisonquickly20thesituationShewastheonlyonewhocould21throughthesmallopeningWith

9、out22，shegotclosetotheopeningandsaid，“23mein”Somepeopleheldherwaistand24Shewiggled(扭動)armsandshouldersuntilshe25theopeningInside，thetankwasdarkandtheairsmellyWhenshestuckherarmsintothedirtywater，shejammedherleftwristagainstahiddenstick，26itseverely27tendtoherinjury，Madisonscannedthesurfaceofthedirty

10、water，hopingto28theunderwaterboySuddenlyshesawhislittletoesstickoutWhenspottingthevague29ofhisfootagain，Madisonshotouther30hand，graspedthefoottightlyandshouted，“Pullmeup!”Astheynearlyreachedthesurface，theboysotherfootgotstuckShewiggledhisfootuntilitwas31Eventuallytheywereliftedout32，thekidwasntoutof

11、troubleHavingsufferedfromlackof33thatlong，hewasntbreathingHewasthengivenhardhitsonthebackuntilhecoughedupwaterAtthesightofthis，Madisonsighedwith34Madisonreceivedmonthsoftreatmentforherwrist，whichmadeher35actionsmoreimpressive16AappointmentBattemptCchoiceDrequest17AanxiousBcuriousCannoyedDmerciful18A

12、partlyBpreviouslyCslightlyDdramatically19AfloatingBweepingCtremblingDdrowning20AcontrolledBexaminedCtookpartinDgaveup21AlookBjumpCfillDfit22AtimeBpermissionChesitationDjudgment23AThrowBLowerCForceDPush24AlegsBarmsCheadDhands25AadjustedtoBgotthroughCtoredownDheldonto26AtouchingBtrappingCinjuringDstri

13、king27AInanefforttoBRatherthanCLikelytoDReadyto28AfeelBsmellCfollowDattract29AskinBgestureCpictureDoutline30AleftBsingleCgoodDclumsy31AfrozenBfreeCflexibleDbare32AHoweverBInsteadCThereforeDPersonally33AprotectionBoxygenCgravityDenergy34AflightBcoldCreliefDrespect35AunselfishBthoughtlessCunconsciousD

14、random第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIRecentlythesewerline(污水管道)underourhousedidntworkMyfirstresponsewastocallarepairmanmadethecall，expectingthemanattheotherendofthelinetocomplainaboutsuchanawfuljobInstead，hesimplyasked，“Theaddress?”AnhourlaterSt

15、evearrivedinhistruckHelookedexactlyasIhadimaginedhemight：broadandbearlike，inwellwornclothing“Canyoufixit?”IaskedwithamixtureofdoubtandhopeStevelookedatmeasifrespondingtomylackoffaithWithacheerfulshrugthatsuggestedmycrisiswasallinadaysworkforhim，hesaid，“Sure”Afterashortwhile，Stevetoldmethathehadtoget

16、atoolandtearupthestreettothemainsewerlineHewouldfirsthavetogetpermissionfromthetown.Iregisteredappropriatepanic“Howlongwillallthistake?”Again，ashrug.“Ishouldhaveitdonebyevening”IdidnotwanttowatchthediggingofmypropertyunfoldandwentintotowntovisitsomefriendsIfeltsomewhatguiltyupondrivingoffinmycleanve

17、hicle，leavingStevetosuchadisagreeabletaskFinally，whenIwenthome，asweetersightIneversaw：aperiodofnewlypavedstreetandallwastidyandrelativelydryIneedtosay，inmyowndefense，thatIamnotaweakfatheroftwochildren.Ivetraveledallovertheworld，servedintheUnitedStatesNavyandearnedaPhDButthebrokensewerlinewasmylimitT

18、henIthoughtaboutSteve.Big，rough，andhowpeoplemightjudgehim，ifnotforhisappearancethenforhisworkAndIwastakenbytheveryideathat，nomatterwhatcrisisoccurs，thereissomebodysomewhere，whohastheappropriatetoolsandsettlesit36WhatdoweknowaboutSteve?AHewearsneatandnewclothesBHeisquiteconfidentofhisskillsCHealwaysc

19、omplainsabouthisjobDHehesitatestoaccepttherepairwork37WhatdidStevethinkoftheauthorscrisis?AItsagreatchallengeBItsbeyondhisabilityCItsapartofhisroutineDItsnoneofhisbusiness38Whydidtheauthorleavehomeduringtherepairs?AHelikedtotakehistimeridingoutsideBHedrovetoturntohisfriendsforhelpCHewasafraidofbeing

20、lookeddownuponDHewasunwillingtofacetheembarrassingsituation39Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?AActionspeakslouderthanwordsBGodhelpsthosewhohelpthemselvesCEveryprofessionproducesitstopexpertsDHopeforthebest，butpreparefortheworstB；Foryearsgoinghomefortheholidayshasbeenbittersweet.Iappreciatetheopportunity

21、tospendqualitytimewithmymombutitispainfulformetoseeherhouselitteredwithstuff(物品)Clothesboughtbutneverworn，andnewitemsintheiroriginalpackagingcarelesslypurchasedandneverusedItsevidentthatseeingthestuffonadailybasisremindsmymomofatimewhenshoppingwasherwayofspendingmoneyIdidntfullyunderstandtheextentto

22、whichmymomwassufferinguntilthisweek，whenIsawpilesofclothesonherbed“Howdoyoumanagetosleepeverynightwithallthatstuff，Mom?”IaskedTomyhorror，shereplied“IdoitbecauseIknowIhavetogetridofallthisstuffeventuallyIampunishingmyselfbysleepingwiththemuntilIdothat”Shockedandupset，Igentlyexplainedtoherthatpunishin

23、gherselfwasonlytomakethingsworse，andthateverybodydeservesaplacetosleepinpeace，nomatterwhatmistakestheyvemadeIsuggestedshemoveallthestuffupstairs，leavingherroomcomfortabletosleepinIWithpatienceandherslowbutsteadyguidance，helpedhergothroughsomeofthepilesandmovethemupstairsFortherestoftheweekIstayedthe

24、re，shewasinabettermoodandwasexcitedaboutgoingthroughtherestofthehousetofinallygetridofherstuffpastmistakesandpainfultimesTheitemsbroughtbackpainfulmemoriesasweinspectedandmovedthem，butIkeptremindingherthatremovingthemwouldallowhertomoveonandhealWefinallysoldsomanythingsandtookbagafterbagtocharityThe

25、stuffisjustasignofthedestructivepatternsofself-hatredonpastmistakesOnlythroughtheactofself-forgivenesscanwebringaboutachainreactionofreorganizingbothofthehouseandheart40Whatmadetheauthorfeelbitter?AShecouldntunderstandhermomssorrowsBHermomwasstuckinthepainfulmemoriesCHermomwasalwaysleftaloneathomeDH

26、ermomwastedmoneyonuselessthings41Theunderlinedword“that”inthesecondparagraphrefersto_AgettingridofthestuffBbuyingthestuffCopeningthestuffDmovingthestuff42Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_AtheauthorneverboughthermomanythingBtheauthorsmomhasnomoneytopurchasenowCtheauthorsmomregretsbuyingsomanythingsDtheau

27、thorknowshermomssufferingonlythisweek43Whatsthebesttitleofthepassage?AHowtodoshoppingwisely?BTheimportanceofself-forgivenessCKeepaneyeontheelderlysbehaviorDClearancehelpsremovesufferingCDogsandhumanshavebeenlivingside-by-sideforabout15，000years，buttherearetonsoffactsaboutdogsthatperhapswehaveneverhe

28、ardofNightvision(DogshavegoodnightvisionTheirlargepupilsletmorelightinandtherods視桿細胞)workbetterinpoorlightButthebiggestfactoristhetapetum(反光組織)，whichreflectslightatthebackoftheeyeBesides，dogswhiskers(胡須)alsohelpthem“see”inthedarkbecausetheypickuponverysmallchangesinair，providingdogswithinformationab

29、outthesize，shape，andspeedofthingsnearbySecrettailcodeDogscanusetheirtailstocommunicateTheywagtheirtailstotherightwhentheyarerelaxedorhappy，andtotheleftwhennervousorthreatenedWhentheyreaggressive，thetailswillstickstraightupintheairAbroadwagisfriendlywhileaslowwagisneutral，neitherexcitednoranxiousDrea

30、msWeoftenseeadogsbodymakingsuddenmovementsinitssleepDogshavethesamebrainwavepatternsashumanswhiletheyareasleep，sotheydreamjustlikewedoSupernoseDogscanfindtheirwayhomedespitelongdistancesTheirnosesareavitalpartoftheirincrediblesenseofdirectionThepartofadogsbrainthatcontrolsmellis40timeslargerthanhuma

31、nsTheyreabletofollowsmellsformilesFurthermore，dogshaveanamazingabilitytorecognizethesmellsgivenoffbytheabnormalcellsinhumanbodies，includingcancerThisissomethingscientistsareeagertoexplorefurtherAndinterestingly，adogs“fingerprint”isonitsnoseThepatternsondogsnosesaresodistinctthattheycanactuallybeused

32、toidentifytheanimalsAsixthsenseDogsactstrangelybeforesomethingbad，likeastormorearthquake，happens，fortheyaresensitivetolowfrequenciesthathumanscantsenseSodontlettheirstrangebehaviorgounnoticednexttimeItcouldsaveyourlife44Whichofthefollowingindirectlyhelpsdogsseewellinthedark?ATheirrodsBTheirtapetumCT

33、heirwhiskersDTheirpupils45Ifadogholdsupthetail，itindicates_AhappinessBattackCfriendlinessDrelaxation46Whathasntbeendiscoveredaboutadog?AWhyitcansensenaturaldisastersBWhyithasanacutesenseofsmellCWhatemotionsitshowswithitstailDHowitcansmellhumansillnesses47Inwhatwayaredogslikehumans?ATheydreamwhenthey

34、sleepBTheyhavegoodnightvisionCTheyhavedistinctnosepatternsDTheycanreacttolowfrequenciesDAJapanesecompanyisdevelopingapairofsmartglassesthatcanhelpthosewithvisualorcomprehensionproblemstoreadwrittentextmoreeasilyCalledtheOtonGlass，theglassesaremeanttotranslatetextintosoundusingtwocamerasandanearpiece

35、，bothfittedtoitsframeHalfofthelens(鏡片)isamirrorthatreflectsthebacktothefirstcamera，whichtrackseyemovementThecapturesthetextWearersusetheglassesbystaringatthereadandblinking(眨眼)totriggertheglassesThenthewordsaresenttoacloudsystem，whichprocessesthetextintosoundplayedthroughtheearpieceIfthesystemisiden

36、tifythewords，theimagesaresenttoaremoteworkerwearerseyesothercameratexttheycantcapturedandturnsitunabletowhocandealwiththemTheOtonGlassleaddesigner，KeisukeShimakage，startedworkingontheglassesin2012toaidhisfather，whohaddevelopeddyslexia，aconditionthatmakesitdifficultforsomeonetoreadandspellWhilehisfat

37、hereventuallyrecovered，ShimakagecontinuedhisdevelopmentinordertohelpotherswiththedisorderCurrently，theOtonGlassisseekingfundingBackerscangetapairoftheglassesfor5,000yen(roughly$47)Smartglassesarentanewconcept，butitsdifficulttopointtoanysinglepairofsmartglassesthatpeoplehavereviewedfavorablyItcould，p

38、erhaps，bethatpreviousproductstriedtodotoomuch，orweretooexpensiveThatswhyIntelsVauntsmartglassesstrippedoutsomefeatures，likeitscamera，LCDscreen，andspeakersTheOtonGlassisforaveryspecificaudience，anditsrelativelylowpricecouldmakeitmoreappealingtothosewhowantanaffordablewaytounderstandthetextaroundthem4

39、8WhatistherightorderhowtheOtonGlassworks?aThecameracapturesthewordsbThewearerstaresatthetextcThewearerhearsthesoundviatheearpiecedThecloudsystemturnsthetextintosoundeThewearerblinkstogettheglassesworkingAa，b，e，c，dBe，b，c，d，aCb，d，a，e，cDb，e，a，d，c49Theunderlinedpart“strippedout”inthelastparagraphcanbere

40、placedby_AimprovedBremovedCincreasedDinvented50Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?ATheadvantagesoftheOtonGlassBThecharacteristicsofsmartglassesCConsumersevaluationoftheOtonGlassDThetargetaudiencesofvarioussmartglasses第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。PracticalWaystoShowRe

41、spectforaFriendShowrespectfortheirlifechoicesanddecisionsAcceptthatpeoplearentalwaysgoingtobejustlikeyouTheywillmakedifferentlifechoices，havedifferentviewsonpoliticsandreligion，andactdifferentlyinmanywaysThisdoesntmeantheycantbeyourfriend51Givethemthebenefitofthedoubt52Ifyoureindoubtaboutsomething，a

42、skyourfriendBerespectfulandgivethemthebenefitofthedoubtwhenyoudontdo.Thisalonewillhelpyoustayintheirgoodgraces(好感)GivefriendsyourfullattentionOneofthebestwaystoshowrespectforsomeoneistolistentothemfullyAllowthemtopause，conveynonverbalcommunicationclues，collecttheirthoughts，andgetitalloutToooftenfrie

43、ndslistenwithhalfanearorjumpintheminutetheirfriendpauseswithanevenworsestory53Whenyourfriendistalking，payattention54TreatyourfriendsrespectfullywhenyouarguewiththemMakeyourfriendshipasafeplacebynotembarrassingyourfriendorexpressingyourprivatedisagreementsinfrontofotherpeopleBepubliclysupportiveandki

44、ndtoyourfriendssotheyknowyouvalueyourfriendshipwiththemShowup，bethere，anddowhatyousayyouregoingtodo55Sojustshowyourfriendthebestkindofrespectbybeingontime，keepingpromises，andbeingtheonefriendtheycanalwayscountonThatsthewaytotrulyshowrespectAAssumptionscanbeadangerousthingBConsideryourfriendshipaprec

45、iousgiftCThistypeofbehaviorisverydisrespectfulDTellyourfriendswhatyouthinkaboutthemdirectlyEInfact，youcanalmostdonothingbutacceptthedifferencesFItmeansthatyoullneedtotakeastepback，reservejudgment，andshowrespectGNoonelikesanunreliablefriendwhosaystheyllbethereandthendoesntshow第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15

46、分）Z|xx|k假設(shè)你是紅星中學高三學生李華，你寫信建議你的美國朋友George參加中國日報（ChinaDaily）專門為外國人舉辦的2018“最美中國”（AmazingChina）手機攝影大賽。信的內(nèi)容包括：1.作品內(nèi)容要求；2.提交時間和方式3.表示愿意提供幫助注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearGeorge,_Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（20分）請根據(jù)下面提示，寫一篇短文，詞數(shù)不少于50.InyourspokenEnglishclass,yourteachershowsyouthefollowingpicture.Youareaskedtodescri

47、bethepictureandexplainhowyouunderstandit.（請務(wù)必將開放作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)）參考答案單項填空：1.D本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)，根據(jù)時間狀語wellbeforetheFirstWorldWar提示，conduct動作是發(fā)生在過去的過去，所以應(yīng)該用過去完成時，又research是被實施，因此需用被動語態(tài)。2.B本題考查主語從句，offer后缺賓語，因此選擇what3.C本題考查時態(tài)，根據(jù)時間狀語overthelastthreemonths來判斷，因此需用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。4.D情態(tài)動詞的考查，根據(jù)語義，他可能不來5.A考查非謂語動詞figures（數(shù)據(jù)）是將要

48、被更新6.A考查定語從句，它的外表，缺定語7.D考查表語從句，根據(jù)語義，這就是他為什么最終成功了。8.C考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)根據(jù)時間狀語usually,用一般現(xiàn)在時，烤鴨與serve之間是被動關(guān)系9.A考查狀語從句連詞從語義上看，因為油價提高了，所以選擇nowthat“既然，由于”10.B情態(tài)動詞的考查從語義上判斷，乘客一定不要跟司機交談，表示強烈否定11.D考查基本結(jié)構(gòu)，seesth.done看到路被雪封了12.A考查狀語從句連接詞，萬一我需要租車，因此選incase“以防；萬一”13.C對面試流程進行描述，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時，申請人是被面試14.C考查名詞性從句，根據(jù)語義，不缺成分，因此選that

49、引導(dǎo)從句即可15.D考查混合虛擬語氣，“如果我們早一些訂桌”，是對過去情況的虛擬，因此需要用haddone完形填空DACDBDCBABCBADCBABCA難點講解：16.madeanurgentrequestfor緊急需要18.比一個籃球稍微大一點19.從后文看，Madison是搜索之后發(fā)現(xiàn)了他，因此他是溺水的狀態(tài)21.fitthrough適合擠過開口26.順承結(jié)果狀語，it指leftwrist，把左手腕傷的很重27.語義是：不是去照看自己的傷勢，因此用ratherthan，而不是29.發(fā)現(xiàn)他的腳的輪廓30.左手已經(jīng)受傷了，因此用那只沒有受傷的手33.lackofoxygen因為缺氧34.看到

50、小男孩脫險了，因此寬慰地舒了一口氣。閱讀理解：36-39BCDC36.從第二段Withacheerfulshrugthatsuggestedmycrisiswasallinadaysworkforhim,hesaid,“Sure.”37.通過第二段，第三段閱讀可以得出，作者的危機在他眼里，只是日常工作的一部分38.通過第四段，Ididnotwanttowatchthediggingofmypropertyunfold可以得出答案39.該選項可以翻譯成：行行出狀元。40-43BACD40.通過第二段，作者和母親之間的對話，可以得出母親活在痛苦的回憶中，不能自拔。I42.通過第二段：ampunishingmyselfby