主謂一致（南寧14中何秀媛）

1、 高考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)英語主謂一致 南寧14中 何秀媛 主謂一致 練 習(xí) 歷年高考題 Mary as well as her friends likes swimming. The teacher with many students is in the office.1.主語是單數(shù)，盡管后面跟有 with, along with, together with, like, including, besides, except, but, as well as, more than, rather than 等短語，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。 語法一致原則語法一致原則2. 用 and 連接的并列主語，

2、如果主語是同一個人，同一事，同一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。常見的有：a fork and knife, bread and butter, salt and water, iron and steel, the teacher and writer , 等The singer and dancer has come to the meeting. A fork and knife is on the table.語法一致原則3. 不可數(shù)名詞，動名詞短語， 不定式短語， 主語從句作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。如：Much milk is offered to them.Reading aloud is a

3、good way of learning English.To nod ones head means agreement.What they said is true.語法一致原則4. 用and 連接的并列主語被each, every, no, many a, more than one修飾時，謂語動詞 用單數(shù)。Every boy and girl has the right to go to school.More than one student is interested in the book.Many a student likes playing basketball.語法一致原

4、則5. each, either, neither 和由some, any, every, no構(gòu)成的不定代詞 作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。但是,復(fù)數(shù)代詞或名詞+each，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。Each (of us) has something to say.Each of the students hopes to go to university.Everybody obeys the school rules.We each have something to say.The students each hope to go to university.語法一致原則6. “a number of + 復(fù)

5、數(shù)名詞 ” 作主語， 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。（主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞 ） “the number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 ” 作主語， 謂語用單數(shù)。（主語是 the number 數(shù)量）The number of books is fifty, and a number of them are very useful.語法一致原則7. “分?jǐn)?shù)，百分?jǐn)?shù) ( some, half, most, all, none, the rest ) of + 名詞 ” 作主語時，謂語與后面的名詞保持一致。Most of my time is spent in reading.Most of the houses in this c

6、ity are new.Two thirds of the milk is sour.Two thirds of the trees are newly planted.語法一致原則8. 在 “ one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 定語從句 ” 中， 定語從句 中的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 但在 “ the one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 定語從句 ” 中，定語從句 中的謂語用單數(shù)。He was one of the boys who were praised. ( who 代替 the boys ) He was the ( only ) one of the boys who was praised. (

7、 who 代替 the only one ) 語法一致原則9. all 單獨作主語表示 “人 ”時,謂語用復(fù)數(shù); 表示 “整個事情 ”時,謂語用單數(shù). 如: All are going to see the game. All goes well.內(nèi)容一致原則1.“ the + 形容詞 （ 分詞 ）” 作主語，指一類人時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 指個人或 抽象概念時，謂語用單數(shù)。The rich live a happy life, while the poor live a hard life.The wounded is taken good care of in the hospital.The

8、beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。內(nèi)容一致原則2. 集合名詞作主語時，指整體概念，謂語用 單數(shù)，指個體成員，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如:army, audience, class, club, company, government, family, group, team ，population 等。His family is a large family.His family are watching TV.Our class is better than Class Five at playing basketball.Our class are playing a ba

9、sketball match with Class Five.內(nèi)容一致原則3.表示總稱意義的名詞 police, people, cattle 等作主語時， 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。The police are searching for the murderer in the mountain.Some people spend a lot of money on clothes.Cattle are raised everywhere by the farmers.內(nèi)容一致原則4.由兩部分構(gòu)成的表示衣物或工具的名詞作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如：clothes, trousers, glasses, shoe

10、s , socks 等。但如果這些名詞前有 a (the) pair of 等量詞時，謂語用單數(shù)。 Your trousers need washing. My glasses are new. The pair of shoes is mine.內(nèi)容一致原則5.“ 形復(fù)意單” 的名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。如：news, works, maths, physics, politics, economics, the United States, the United Nations, the New Times, True lies 等。Physics is a difficult subjec

11、t to learn.The film True Lies is very interesting.內(nèi)容一致原則6.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時， 要根據(jù)意思來決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)。如：deer, fish, sheep, means, Chinese, Japanese, 等。 Every means has been tried.All means have been tried.The white sheep was lost.Many sheep are eating grass.內(nèi)容一致原則 7.表示時間，金錢，距離，重量，長度，價 值等名詞作主語時，當(dāng)一個整體看，謂語用單數(shù)。如：Twent

12、y years is a long time to us.Ten thousand dollars is a lot of moneyOne hundred miles is a long distance.就近一致原則He or you have taken my pen.Has he or you taken my pen ?Not only the students but also the teacher knows about it.1.連詞or, eitheror , neither nor, not only but also, not but , whether or 等連接并

13、列主語,謂語與靠近它的主語一致.如:就近一致原則2.由 here, there, where 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句, 如主語不止一個, 謂語與最靠近它的主語一致. 如:Here is a pen and some books for you.There is a table and three chairs in the room.Where is your wife and children?1.A library with five thousand books_ to the nation as a gift. A.is offered B. has offered C. are offered

14、 D. have offered2. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be3. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were4. All the employers except the manager _ to work on line at home. A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged

15、 D. are encouraged歷年高考題ABDD Multiple choice:1. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging (C85)2. “News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept (C85)3. There _ a lot of milk in the bottle. A. are

16、B. is C. were D. has (C86)4. Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all. A. is B. are C. being D. was (C85)5. Nobody but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known (C86 ) Multiple choice:6. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were (C87 NO.45)7. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered (C90 NO.20)8. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one exam after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be (C89 NO.27)9. The number of p