大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（B）閱讀理解練習(xí)題集與答案解析

1、 38/38 Passage 1Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.One advantage of living outside London is that houses

2、are cheaper. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of ones own.Then, in the country one can really get away from the noise and hurry of busy working lives. Even though one has to get up ear

3、lier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If one likes garden, one can spend ones free time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are n

4、eeded in a garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has got the reward together with those who have shared the secret of Nature.Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy st

5、reets, dance-halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnights (two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to l

6、eave to those who are glad to get away from London every night. 1.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city.B.All the people who work in London prefer to live in the country.C.Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside L

7、ondon.D.Many nature lovers, though working in London, prefer to live outside.2.With the same money needed for _, one can buy a little house with a garden in the country.A.getting a small flat with a gardenB.having a small flat with a gardenC.renting a small flat without a gardenD.buying a small flat

8、 without a garden3.When the garden is in blossom, the one _ has been rewarded.A.living in the countryB.having spent time working in the garden.C.having a garden of his own.D.having been digging, planting and watering4.People who think happiness lies in the city life would feel that _ if they had to

9、live outside London.A. their life was meaningless B. their life was invaluableC. they didnt deserve a happy life D. they were not worthy of their happy life5. The underlined phrase “get away from” in the 3rd paragraph refers to _.A. deal with B. do away with C. escape from D. prevent from很多在倫敦工作的人喜歡

10、住在倫敦郊外，然后每天乘火車、汽車和公交車去上班或上學(xué)。這也就意味著他們不得不早出晚歸。住在倫敦郊外的一個(gè)好處就是房子便宜。在倫敦即使是沒(méi)有花園的小公寓也需要一筆不菲的租金，用同樣的錢(qián)，你可以在郊區(qū)買一個(gè)帶花園的小房子了然后，他在鄉(xiāng)村就可以遠(yuǎn)離喧囂和忙碌的工作生活。即使他不得不起得更早，花更多的時(shí)間乘火車或公交車，但他晚上可以睡得更好。在周末和夏季的夜晚，他可以享受鄉(xiāng)村清新干凈的空氣。要是他喜歡花園，在花園里干一些想挖土、種植、澆水等許多園藝的活，那么當(dāng)鮮花和蔬菜生長(zhǎng)起來(lái)的時(shí)候，他就與其他分享大自然秘密的人們一樣得到獎(jiǎng)賞。然而有些人對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村并不感興趣。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，幸福就在市區(qū)里，那里有電影院、劇

11、院、漂亮的商店、繁忙的街道、舞廳和飯店。如果不得不住在倫敦郊外的話，這些人就覺(jué)得生活沒(méi)意義了。（對(duì)于那些熱愛(ài)都市生活的人來(lái)說(shuō)）他們所需要的鄉(xiāng)村生活，就是偶爾去公園散步，每個(gè)夏天去海邊過(guò)上兩個(gè)星期，其他跟鄉(xiāng)村有關(guān)的東西，讓那些每天晚上都急于離開(kāi)倫敦的人們（住在郊外的人們）去享受吧?！敬鸢概c解析】 本文介紹在倫敦工作的人對(duì)是在市里居住還是在鄉(xiāng)下居住所持的不同看法和態(tài)度。1. B。推斷題。根據(jù)文章容：雖然有很多喜歡鄉(xiāng)村生活，但文章最后講也有些人喜歡城市生活，從而可推知此題答案為B。2. C。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第2段第二、三句可推知此題答案為C。3. B。推斷題。根據(jù)文章第3段最后兩句可知：要是他喜歡花

12、園，在花園里挖土、種植、澆水等等，那么當(dāng)鮮花和蔬菜生長(zhǎng)起來(lái)的時(shí)候，他就得到了與大自然分享秘密的獎(jiǎng)賞，所以選B。4. A。推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第2句Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London可推知此題答案為A。5. C。推斷題。根據(jù)其上文：這些人偶爾去公園散散步后去海邊度兩周假；本句接著說(shuō)：其余的就留給那些每天晚上喜歡離開(kāi)倫敦的人，那么，“其余的”顯然指“其余的鄉(xiāng)村”。從而可推知題答案為C。Passage 2By definition, he

13、roes and heroines are men and women distinguished by uncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice made most for the benefits of others-they are people against whom we measure others. They are men and women recognized for shaping our nations consciousness and development as well as the lives of

14、 those who admire them. Yet, some people say that ours is an age where true heroes and heroines are hard to come by, where the very idea of heroism is something beyond us-an artifact of the past. Some maintain, that because the Cold War is over and because America is at peace, our age is essentially

15、 an unheroic one. Furthermore, the overall crime rate is down, poverty has been eased by a strong and growing economy, and advances continue to be made in medical science.Cultural icons are hard to define, but we know them when we see them. They are people who manage to go beyond celebrity, who are

16、legendary, who somehow manage to become mythic,. But what makes some figures icons and others mere celebrities? Thats hard to answer. In part, their lives have the quality of a story to tell. For instance, the beautiful young Diana Spencer who at 19 married a prince, renounced marriage and the thron

17、e, and died at the moment she found true love. Good looks certainly help. So does a special indefinable charm, with the help of the media. But nothing confirms an icon more than a tragic deathsuch as Martin Luther King, Jr., John F. Kennedy, and Princess Diana.1. The passage mainly deals with _.A. l

18、ife and death B. heroes and heroines C. heroes and icons D. icons and celebrities2. Heroes and heroines are usually _.A. courageous B. good examples to follow C. self-sacrificing D. all of the above3. Which of the following statements is wrong?A. Poverty in America has been eased with the economic g

19、rowthB. Superstars are famous for being famousC. Ones look can contribute to being famousD. Heroes and heroines can only emerge in war times4. Beautiful young Diana Spencer found her genuine love _.A. when she was 19 B. when she became a princessC. just before her death D. after she gave birth to a

20、prince5. What is more likely to set an icons status?A. Good looks.B. Tragic and early death.C. Personal attraction. D. The quality of ones story.就定義而言，英雄之所以與眾不同是因?yàn)樗麄冇蟹欠驳挠職?、取得了卓著的成就、常常為他人的利益而做出犧牲他們是我們?cè)u(píng)價(jià)別人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。他們是大家公認(rèn)的對(duì)我們國(guó)家意識(shí)的形成和我們國(guó)家的發(fā)展，還有對(duì)他們的崇拜者的一生起了重大作用的人?？墒牵腥苏f(shuō)，我們的時(shí)代是很難出現(xiàn)真正英雄的時(shí)代，英雄主義這一概念本身我們就難以理解它已經(jīng)

21、成為歷史。有些人堅(jiān)持說(shuō)，由于冷戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束和美國(guó)對(duì)外的和睦，我們的時(shí)代本質(zhì)上不是一個(gè)英勇豪壯的時(shí)代。更進(jìn)一步地說(shuō)，總體犯罪率正在降低，經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展與增長(zhǎng)已經(jīng)緩解了貧困，醫(yī)療科學(xué)也在不斷的進(jìn)步。 給文化偶像下定義就更難了，但是我們看到他們就認(rèn)識(shí)了他們。他們超越了名流，成為傳奇式人物，甚至在某種程度上已是神話式的人物。但究竟是哪些因素使有些人成為偶像，另一些人僅成了名流呢？這就太難說(shuō)了。部分原因是他們的生平帶有傳奇故事的色彩。比如說(shuō)，年輕貌美的戴安娜史賓塞，19歲時(shí)嫁給了王子，放棄了婚姻與王權(quán)，卻在找到真愛(ài)的那一刻死去了。漂亮的長(zhǎng)相當(dāng)然有用，另外，在媒體的炒作下某種難以描述的、特殊的個(gè)人魅力也起作用。然

22、而悲劇性地過(guò)早離開(kāi)這個(gè)世界，卻是造成偶像最重要的因素例如：小馬丁路德金、約翰F肯尼迪和戴安娜。Passage 3Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their won appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their min

23、ds: what kind of impression am I making？Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A persons conception of himself or herself is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behav

24、es affects other peoples reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing.” Shy peopl

25、e are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their feelings of inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliment with a statement like this one, “Youre just saying that to make me feel good. I know its not true.” It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quali

26、ty, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with a lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weak

27、nesses as well as their strengths.Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual, interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Lets not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.1. What doe

28、s the author try to prove by citing “what kind of impression am I making?”A. Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance.B. Peoples shyness made them care too much about their appearance and actions.C. Its natural that shy people dont believe others compliments.D. Shy people think th

29、ey are different from others.2. According to the writer, self-awareness is _.A. a good quality B. the cause of unhappinessC. harmful to people D. a weak point of shy people 3. When being praised, shy people feel that it is _.A. good B. unreal C. very reasonable D. harmful4. Which of the following st

30、atements is true according to the passage?A. Shyness helps us to develop our potentialB. Shyness enables us to understand ourselves betterC. Shyness can block our chances for a rich lifeD. Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem5. It can be inferred from the passage that shy people _.A. s

31、hould find more of their weaknessB. should understand themselves in the right wayC. had better ignore their weaknessD. can get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteem參考譯文：害羞是由于在眾人面前感覺(jué)不自在而引發(fā)的。害羞的人容易焦慮，自我意識(shí)強(qiáng)，他們過(guò)分在意自己的外表和行為。他們頭腦里常有這樣不安的想法：我給別人留下了怎樣的印象？別人喜歡我嗎？我是否聽(tīng)起來(lái)很蠢？我穿的衣服難看嗎？顯而易見(jiàn)，這些不適的感

32、覺(jué)對(duì)人有負(fù)面影響。一個(gè)人的自我認(rèn)識(shí)體現(xiàn)在他/她的言行舉止上，這些行為影響著他人對(duì)此作出反映?？傮w來(lái)說(shuō)，人們對(duì)自身的看法深刻影響到他們生活的方方面面。害羞的人往往自信不足，常常被動(dòng)，易受他人影響。他們需要有相信自己的心態(tài)，認(rèn)識(shí)到自己所做的是正確的。害羞的人對(duì)批評(píng)意見(jiàn)比較敏感。他們感到自卑意識(shí)由此增強(qiáng)。害羞的人難以取悅。他們會(huì)說(shuō)這樣的話：“你說(shuō)那些是讓我高興，其實(shí)我知道我沒(méi)那么好?！?顯然，自我意識(shí)是一種良好的品質(zhì)，過(guò)份的自我意識(shí)就不好了。害羞能夠消除或至少減輕嗎？當(dāng)然。只要人們堅(jiān)定耐心地培養(yǎng)自信就可克服害羞。既然害羞源自缺乏自信，人們應(yīng)該在看到自己長(zhǎng)處的同時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)自己的短處。每個(gè)人都是獨(dú)特的，有價(jià)

33、值的個(gè)體，有自己的行為方式。我們對(duì)自己了解越多，我們就越能發(fā)揮自己的潛能。不要讓害羞妨礙我們享受豐富的人生。1. 一段第二句話提到“害羞的人很緊和敏感，他們對(duì)于自己的外表和行為過(guò)分關(guān)心?！彼赃xB為正確答案。 2答案A。解析細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句，可知自我意識(shí)是種好的品質(zhì)，所以選A。選項(xiàng)C有干擾性，過(guò)度的自我意識(shí)是有害的，而不是說(shuō)自我意識(shí)是有害的。 3答案B。解析細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段第五句。4. 答案C。解析細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)文中最后一句“我們不應(yīng)該讓害羞阻礙我們過(guò)豐富的有價(jià)值的生活?！笨芍_答案是C。 5答案B。 解析細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。第五段第二句話提到，“我們?cè)搅私庾约壕驮皆饺菀装l(fā)揮自

34、己的潛質(zhì)?！笨梢酝茢喑鑫覀儜?yīng)該正確了解自己，所以選B。Passage 4What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing h

35、ow to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can

36、 be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.The scientists knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. Wha

37、t works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in scien

38、ce. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations. Einsteins ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to

39、make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations. 1. What makes a scientist according to the passage?A. The tools he uses. B. The way he uses his tools.C. His ways of learning. D. The various tools he uses. 2. “The scientist, however, goes one step further”. The author says this to sh

40、ow _. A. the importance of informationB. the importance of thinkingC. the difference between scientists and ordinary peopleD. the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs3. A sound scientific theory should be one that _.A. works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but a

41、lso under the same conditions at other timesB. does not allow any changes even under different conditionsC. can be used for many purposesD. leave no room for improvement4. The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate _.A. the measurements are keys to success in scienceB. that accuracy

42、 of mathematicsC. that the investigations are important in scienceD. that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The theory of relativity.B. Exactness is the core of science.C. Scientists are different from ordinary people.D. Exactness and

43、 ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.是什么使一個(gè)普通人成為科學(xué)家？他有與從不同的學(xué)習(xí)方法和工具嗎？答案是否定的。不是因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)家使用的工具，而是因?yàn)樗褂霉ぞ叩姆椒ㄊ顾蔀榭茖W(xué)家。你也許認(rèn)同怎么用力對(duì)一名木匠來(lái)說(shuō)很重要。你也許也認(rèn)同怎么研究調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)信息對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)都很重要。然而，科學(xué)家比這更進(jìn)一步，他必須確定他對(duì)自己的問(wèn)題得出了一個(gè)合理的答案，并且他的答案通過(guò)別人也可以得到證實(shí)。他同時(shí)把自己得出的許多答案歸結(jié)為一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的關(guān)于世界如何運(yùn)作的觀點(diǎn)?？茖W(xué)家的知識(shí)必須很確切。不能給半錯(cuò)半對(duì)或者只有一半機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)的情況

44、留任何空間。他必須在條件允許的情況下盡可能正確。在一種條件下成功一次的話必須在同樣的條件下都能成功。如果條件不同，科學(xué)家在證明過(guò)程中觀察到的任何變化都必須解釋他的條件是如何變化的。這是關(guān)于調(diào)查研究在科學(xué)研究中十分重要的其中一個(gè)理由。愛(ài)因斯坦通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)方法提出了相對(duì)論。他的數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)用的正確性被后人通過(guò)調(diào)查研究的方法證實(shí)該理論是正確的。一個(gè)科學(xué)家會(huì)用很多工具來(lái)測(cè)量。測(cè)量的結(jié)果用來(lái)進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算，再進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究的測(cè)試。Passage 5A city man was on holiday in the mountains. He talked with a mountain man and found th

45、at the man was stupid. So he suggested they play a game. “Well ask each other questions, ” he said, “and the person will pay a dollar if he cant answer one question.” The mountain man thought about this for a few minutes,then said that the city man paid a dollar and he paid only 50 cents.The city ma

46、n agreed. “What has three legs and can fly?” asked the mountain man. The city man thought a while, then answered “I dont know. Here is your dollar.” Then he asked the same question: “What has three legs and can fly?”“I dont know, either,” said the mountain man. “Here is your 50 cents.” 1. A city man

47、 was on holiday _. A. in a far away place B. on the high hills C. in a cityD. in a village2. The city man found the mountain man was _. A. not cleverB. on the high hillsC. cleverD. strong3. The city man said, “Well _.” A. fight each other B. help each other C. ask each other questions D. look at eac

48、h other4. The mountain man _. A. knew the answer himself B. didnt know the answer himselfC. told the answer to the city man D. didnt want to tell the city man the answer 5. At last _. A. the city man got one dollar B. the city man got 50 centsC. the mountain man got one dollar D. the mountain man go

49、t 50 cents Passage 6Look at the instructions on the bottle of the medicine and then choose the right answers.John is twelve years old. He had a bad cold and coughed day and night. He went to see a doctor. The doctor gave him some cough medicine. Cough Medicine Shake (搖動(dòng)) it well before use.Take it t

50、hree times each day before meals.Dose (藥量): Age: over 14 2 teaspoonfuls(勺) 813 1 teaspoonful 47 12 teaspoonful Not right for children below the age of three. Put it in a cold place. Use it before December 1st 2002. 1. John should take _ a day.A. 2 teaspoonfuls B. 3 teaspoonfuls C. 4 teaspoonfuls D.

51、1 teaspoonful 2. The medicine should be kept in _.A. a fridge B. hot water C. any place D. the sun 3. John should _ before he takes it.A. shake the medicine well B. eat nothing C. do some exercise D. drink a cup of tea 4. When people are _ years old, they cannot take this medicine.A. eighty B. thirt

52、y C. two D. twelve 5. John will _ the medicine when it is left after Dec.1st, 2002. A. throw away B. stop to take C. take once D. take six times more 【答案與解析】約翰病了，咳嗽得很厲害。醫(yī)生給他開(kāi)了些藥?？人运幧险f(shuō)明書(shū)的容主要包括了藥品的服用方法、藥量、貯存條件以及保質(zhì)期等。1. B。根據(jù)“John is twelve years old.”和“813 1 teaspoonful”可知B為正確答案。2. A?！癙ut it in a cold

53、place.”是本題答案的依據(jù)。3. A。答案就在“Shake(搖動(dòng))it well before use.”中。4. C。由“Not right for children below the age of three”這句話可知，此藥不適用于三歲以下的兒童。5. A。本說(shuō)明的最后一句說(shuō)的是此藥品的保質(zhì)期。答案顯然為A。Passage 7In England, people often talk about the weather because they can experience four seasons in one day. In the morning the weather is

54、 warm just like spring. An hour later black clouds come and then it rain hard. The weather gets a little cold. In the late afternoon the sky will be sunny,the sun will begin to shine,and it will be summer at this time of a day. In England,people can also have summer.So in winter they can swim someti

55、mes,and in summer sometimes they should take warm clothes.When you go to England, you will see that some Englishpeople usually take an umbrella or a raincoat with them in the sunny morning,but you should not laugh at them.If you dont take an umbrella or a raincoat, you will regret later in the day.

56、1.Why do people in England often talk about the weather?A.Because they may have four seasons in one day.B.Because they often have very good weather.C.Because the weather is warm just like in spring.D.Because the sky is sunny all day.2. From the story we know that _ come and then there is a heavy rai

57、n. A. sunshine and snow B. black clouds C. summer and winter D. spring and autumn3.“People can also have summer in winter”means “It is sometimes _ in winter.”A. warm B. coolC. cold D. rainy4. In the sunny morning some English people usually take a raincoat or an umbrella with them because _. A.their

58、 friends ask them to do so. B. it often rains in England C. they are going to sell them D. they are their favorite things5. The best title for this passage is _.A. Bad Season B.Summer or WinterC. The Weather in England D.Strange English PeoplePassage 8Long, long ago there was no zero. To write the n

59、umber sixty-three people wrote 63.To write six hundred and three, people wrote 63.The space between six and three was there to mean. not any tens. Sometimes people did not remember the space. It was hard to see and read.Later people used a dot to hold the space. Six hundred and three looked like thi

60、s 6.3.But the dot was hard to see. So people put a circle around it like this 63.Then people could see the dot. They remembered the space. At last,only the circle around the dot was used. It was like a zero. This is one story of how the zero came to be used.Now zero has many important uses.Zero tell