CATTI高級筆譯材料：金錢能夠買到幸福嗎

1、金錢能夠買到幸福嗎？Money really can buy happiness andrecessions can take it away金錢確實能夠買到幸福，而經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退又會將幸福帶走Polls from 145 countries show that citizensof wealthier ones are more satisfied and secure來自145個國家的民意調(diào)查顯示，富裕國家的民眾對生 活更滿意，也更有平安感Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the mostcommon gauge of national prosperity, has

2、taken a lot of flak in recent years.Critics say that counting a country s spending on goods, services andinvestment misses the full value that citizens get from products such as Googleand Facebook. They also note that GDP ignores other aspects of developmentjncluding personal health, leisure time an

3、d happiness.國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)是衡量一個國家繁榮程度最常用的 指標(biāo)，然而近年來卻飽受爭議。批評者認(rèn)為，GDP僅僅衡量 了一個國家在商品、服務(wù)和投資中創(chuàng)造的價值，而完全忽略 了人們從谷歌和臉書等產(chǎn)品中獲得的價值。此外，他們還指 出，GDP忽略了包括個人健康、閑暇時光和幸福感等在內(nèi)的 衡量國家開展的其他方面指標(biāo)。These criticisms probably exaggerateGDP7 sfailure to capture the wealth of nations. Gallup, a pollster, has asked peoplein 145 countries

4、about various aspects of well-being. Many of these correlatestrongly with GDP per person. To take an obvious example, nearly all residentsin the top 10% of countries by spending say they have enough money for food,compared with just two-fifths of those in the bottom 10%.這些批評聲可能夸大了 GDP未能表達(dá)國家財富的問題。民意調(diào)

5、查機(jī)構(gòu)蓋洛普就幸福的有關(guān)方面對145個國家的民 眾進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。其中許多方面都與人均GDP密切相關(guān)。舉 個顯而易見的例子，在消費(fèi)水平排名前10%的國家中，幾乎 所有被調(diào)查者都表示他們有足夠的錢去購買食物，而在排名 后10%的國家中,只有40%的被調(diào)查者表示有足夠的錢去 購買食物。Strikingly, many non-financial indicatorsalso track GDP per person closely. Residents in the top 10% of countries scoretheir life situation as seven out of ten,

6、compared with just four for those inthe bottom 10%. They are also more likely to feel supported by their families,safe in their neighbourhoods and be trusting of their politiciansthough theycomplain nearly as much as people in poor countries do about a lack of rest andaffordable housing.更為顯著的是，許多非財務(wù)

7、指標(biāo)也與人均GDP密切相 關(guān)。消費(fèi)水平排名前10%的國家的居民給自己生活狀況的打 分為7分（總分值為10分），而排名后10%的國家的居民只打 了 4分。此外，高消費(fèi)水平地區(qū)的民眾也更有可能感受到家庭的溫暖、社區(qū)的平安以及對政府的信任，盡管他們和貧窮 國家的人們一樣，也會抱怨缺乏休息和買不起房。Scholars disagree over the extent to whichnational wealth itself causes contentment. Some countries7 citizens haveremained glum even as GDP per person ha

8、s risen, a paradox noted by RichardEasterlin； an American economist. But one way of testing if money buyshappiness is to analyse what happens when it goes away.對于國家財富本身能夠帶來多大程度的滿足感，學(xué)者們 意見不一。美國經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家理查德指出，盡管一些國家的人均 GDP有所上升，但民眾仍然不快樂。但檢驗金錢是否能夠買 到幸福的一種方法就是看看金錢消失后會發(fā)生什么。Studies of the previous global recess

9、ion in2009 suggest that economic hardship does indeed lead to emotional woe.Academics found dips in life satisfaction and other measures of well-being inthe United States and several European countries, though the effects weremainly limited to people who lost their jobs.一項關(guān)于2009年全球經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的研究說明,經(jīng)濟(jì)下行 確實會

10、導(dǎo)致人們情緒上的悲哀。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在美國和歐 洲一些國家，生活滿意度以及其他一些衡量幸福感的指標(biāo)都 有所下降，不過這種影響主要局限于失業(yè)者。Adam Mayer of Colorado State Universityfound that among Europeans of similar wealth and education, those who hadrecently become unemployed and struggled to buy staple foods had the worstoutlook on life.科羅拉多州立大學(xué)的亞當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，在財富水平和教育水平 相當(dāng)

11、的歐洲人中，那些最近失業(yè)且無力購買主食的人對生活 前景最為悲觀。Covid-19 will allow economists to probethis pattern further. The IMF s latest forecast points to a fall in global GDP,weighted by purchasing-power parity, of 4.9% this year. If past recessions areany guide, the severe shock will have long-lasting effects.新冠肺炎將促使經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家就這

12、一模式進(jìn)行深入探索。國 際貨幣基金組織的最新預(yù)測指出，今年全球GDP（以購買力 平價衡量）或?qū)⑼认陆?.9%。如果以過去的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退為鑒, 那么這次嚴(yán)重的沖擊將會產(chǎn)生持久的影響。Economies will eventually grow larger thanthey were before the pandemic, but will be less rich than they would have beenotherwise. The virus s human toll is therefore vast in terms of deaths anddollars. But given the correlation between GDP per person and Gallup7 s measuresof w