畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文

1、12/12畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文文獻(xiàn) 題 目： 自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)應(yīng)用及其特點(diǎn) 院 （系）： 中原工學(xué)院繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院 專(zhuān) 業(yè)： 工業(yè)自動(dòng)化 姓 名： 指導(dǎo)老師： 填表日期： 2016年4月 Application of Automatic Warehouse and its characteristics overhead storage for short Top shelf storage Generally refers to the use of layers, a dozen or even several-storey layer shelf storage unit goods, ma

2、terial handling equipment with the corresponding goods inbound and outbound warehouse operations. As such storage can make full use of space for storage, Guchang image to be known as the Warehouse.1.1 Automatic WarehouseHigh overhead for short shelf storage warehouse. Generally refers to the use of

3、layers, a dozen or even several-storey layer shelf storage unit goods, material handling equipment with the corresponding goods inbound and outbound warehouse operations. As such storage can make full use of space for storage, Guchang image to be known as the Warehouse. Warehouse production and deve

4、lopment is the result of production and technological development after World War II. The early 50s, the United States emerged with overhead stacking crane warehouse; the late 50s and early 60s appears the tunnel-type stacking crane warehouse of the driver operating; in 1963 computer controlled is t

5、ook the lead in the overhead storage in the United States, builting the first computer-controlled warehouse. Since then, the automated warehouse in the United States and Europe have developed rapidly and formed a special subject. Mid-60s, Japan began the construction of warehouse, and the speed of d

6、evelopment became faster and faster, becoming one of the countries which have the worlds most automated warehouse. Our warehouse and material handling equipment on the development did not start late. China developed the first overhead stacking crane in 1963 (Ministry of Machinery Beijing Materials H

7、andling Research Institute), ,and started to develop Chinas first computer-controlled The Automatic Warehousein 1973 (15 m high, lifting the Ministry responsible for machines), the library was put into operation in 1980. So far, the number of automated warehouse in China has more than 200. Due to th

8、e high-rise warehouse space utilization, a strong ability to enter the library, using computer control and management and help enterprises to implement modern management and so on,warehouse has become an indispensable logistics and production management of storage technology, enterprises took more a

9、nd more attention to it. The itmachines), the library andapplications ofAutomated overhead warehouse is used in a wide range, virtually every business sector. In China, the application of automated overhead warehouse industry is mainly in mechanical, metallurgical, chemical, aerospace, electronics,

10、pharmaceutical, food processing, tobacco, printing, distribution centers, airports, ports and so on . the basic components of Automated library: Top shelf: the steel structure used to store goods. There are two basic forms currently :welded modular shelves and knockdown shelves . Tray (Container): T

11、he apparatus used for carrying cargo, also known as the location appliance. Retrieval machine: device for automatic access to the goods. Form of the structure into a single column and double column two basic forms; by means of service delivery is divided into straight, bend and transfer trucks three

12、 basic forms. Conveyor systems: the main stereo library peripherals, responsible for delivery of goods to or from the stacker crane . Conveyor types are more common with roller conveyors, chain conveyors, lifting platform, distribution trucks, elevators, belt machine and so on. AGV system: the AGV.

13、According to the guidance-oriented approach is divided into induction and laser guided trolley car. Automatic control system: Drive automated library system, automatic control system equipment. Currently used for the control model Fieldbus-based approach. Stock Information Management System: Also kn

14、own as a central computer management system. Is a fully automated three-dimensional database system core. The typical automated library systems are using large-scale database systems (such as ORACLE, SYBASE, etc.) to build a typical client / server system with other systems (eg ERP systems) networki

15、ng or integration. 1.2 The advantages of Automatic Warehouse Automatic Warehousehasmany advantages for enterprises, It can be reflected in the following areas: 1.2.1 improve the space utilization Early warehouse concept, the basic starting point is to increase space utilization, full conservation is

16、 limited and valuable land. Some developed countries in the West, the view of space utilization have been more extensive and deep meaning, conservation of land was linked with energy conservation and environmental protection . Some even treated the utilization of space systems as the key indicators

17、of advanced and reasonable assessment . He space utilization of Three-dimensional database of t is closely linked with planning. Generally speaking, the space utilization of automated overhead warehouse is large as 2-5 times as the normal level. This is very impressive. 1.2.2 facilitate the formatio

18、n of advanced logistics systems, improve production management Traditional warehouse is the place of cargo storage, preservation of the goods is its only function, It is a static storage. Automatic Warehouseadopted advanced automated material handling equipment, not only make the goods in the wareho

19、use as required automatic access, but also make the organic connection with the outside of the production of storage areas, and through the computer management systems and automated material handling equipment make warehouse into an important part in Production Logistics. Business outsourcing produc

20、tion of parts and pieces into the automated warehouse self-storage is a part of the whole production, short-term storage is automatically at a specified time to output to the next process of production, creating an automated logistics system, which is a Dynamic Storage and is also a clear trend of t

21、he development in todays automated warehouse technology. Logistics system described above is a subsystem of the large system in the enterprise production management (from the order, the necessary design and planning, planning and production scheduling, manufacturing, assembly, testing, shipping, etc

22、.) , the establishment of real-time connection between logistics systems and business major systems, automated overhead warehouse development is another significant technology trends. Modern business management put foward higher demand, the moder thinking of the effectiveness of managementhas become

23、 the most modern enterprise management consensus. Production management is an important part of management, including product planning, production organization, logistics planning, outsourcing peripheral, product quality, cost estimation, and other content. automation overhead storage system as a ce

24、ntral part of the production process, almost involved in all the production management process. 1.2.3 to speed up access to the storage rhythm of goods, reduce labor intensity and improve production efficiency The establishment of goods trade system and make the Automatic Warehousecenter, it also ha

25、s other advantages that the automated library has a rapidly speed into or outto the library , can quickly and properly storage the goods into the library (storage), but also fast in time and automatically in the service of parts and materials needed to the production line. This feature that common l

26、evel libraries can not reach. Meanwhile, the realization of Automatic Warehouseis the most typical example that reducing the labor intensity . This reduction of labor intensity is integrated, including: （1）the automated storage raneway l machine to replace the manual pickup in goods and labor, That

27、is quick and labor-saving. Since workers do not need to enter the warehouse work, working conditions greatly improved. （2）the use of computer management systems to manage goods, greatly enhancing the management capacity of goods. Making the warehouse management scientific accuracy and reliability of

28、 a quality improvement in or out to a database management, stocktaking, reports, and other workload becomes simple and quick, significantly reduced labor intensity. （3）Three-dimensional libray system combined with auxiliary transmission equipment, make the goods in or out to the library become easy

29、and convenient. （4）The number of automated library system required operators and maintenance staff is small, not only saves resources, saves money, but also improved working environment.1.2.4 to reduce the backlog of stock funds After some investigating and understanding about a number of large ente

30、rprises , due to historical reasons,the management tools get behind and smaterials management fragmented, production chain and production management difficult to place in close contact, in order to reach the expected production capacity and meet production requirements, the adequacy of raw materials

31、 and spare parts must be prepared . This inventory backlog has become a major problem. How to reduce the backlog of stock funds and fully meet the production needs,a large mumber of enterprises have to face the big problem. High bay storage system is one of the most effective means to solve this pro

32、blem. （1）the factory goods trade system that make the automated Three-dimensional libray for the center, it solves the production circulation problems and the supply conflict. So that the supply of raw material and parts needed for the production of production volume and the number can reach an opti

33、mum value. （2）The foundation of computer network system make the purchased abut raw material and the components except parts procure more time and meet the actual demand. （3）The computer Management System to strengthen the macro-control function, so that the production output of each link to meet ac

34、tual demand. （4）the establishment of finished products and semi-finished base to solve the temporary discrepancies of market demand and supply , full productive potential of enterprises. 1.2.5 sign of modern enterprise modern enterprise take the intensive mass production mode. This requires that all

35、 sectors of the production process linked closely ,make it into an organic whole. require production management Scientific . Make scientific decisions. therefore, building an automated overhead warehouse system is one of the effective measures. As mentioned earlier, automated logistics system maximi

36、ze to use the space, best meet the production requirements, reduce the labor intensity, improve production efficiency, strengthen production and materials management, reducing inventory backlog of funds,it has unparalleled advantages. This is required and pursued by a modern enterprise.As a result o

37、f computer management and network technology .it is able to make the business leaders quickly grasp all the material information and make engineering and technical personnel, production managers, production technicians timely know information in order to arrange the production process in reason, imp

38、rove production efficiency possiblely. Internet and enterprise internal network obtain a more business-line connectivitybetween the outside world and enterprise, breaking the information bottleneck, broaden their horizons, Introduced outside and linked inside,these provide a broad and strong technic

39、al support. Taking a look at chinese and foreign large enterprise, they have used automated logistics systems usedgradually since the beginning of 60s, they have become an indispensable important part in production management today. According To statistics,Japan has built Automatic Warehouse(logisti

40、cs system) more than 8,000 Block. The establishment of automated warehouse systems have become an important symbol for the modern enterprise. 自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)應(yīng)用及其特點(diǎn) 高層貨架倉(cāng)庫(kù)簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)高架倉(cāng)庫(kù)。一般是指采用幾層、十幾層乃至幾十層高的貨架儲(chǔ)存單元貨物，用相應(yīng)的物料搬運(yùn)設(shè)備進(jìn)行貨物入庫(kù)和出庫(kù)作業(yè)的倉(cāng)庫(kù)。由于這類(lèi)倉(cāng)庫(kù)能充分利用空間儲(chǔ)存貨物，故常形象地將其稱(chēng)為“立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)”。 1.1 自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù) 高層貨架倉(cāng)庫(kù)簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)高架倉(cāng)庫(kù)。一般是指采用幾層、十幾層乃至幾十層高

41、的貨架儲(chǔ)存單元貨物，用相應(yīng)的物料搬運(yùn)設(shè)備進(jìn)行貨物入庫(kù)和出庫(kù)作業(yè)的倉(cāng)庫(kù)。由于這類(lèi)倉(cāng)庫(kù)能充分利用空間儲(chǔ)存貨物，故常形象地將其稱(chēng)為“立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)”。 立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展是第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之后生產(chǎn)和技術(shù)發(fā)展的結(jié)果。50年代初，美國(guó)出現(xiàn)了采用橋式堆垛起重機(jī)的立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)；50年代末60年代初出現(xiàn)了司機(jī)操作的巷道式堆垛起重機(jī)立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)；1963年美國(guó)率先在高架倉(cāng)庫(kù)中采用計(jì)算機(jī)控制技術(shù)，建立了第一座計(jì)算機(jī)控制的立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)。此后，自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)在美國(guó)和歐洲得到迅速發(fā)展，并形成了專(zhuān)門(mén)的學(xué)科。60年代中期，日本開(kāi)始興建立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)，并且發(fā)展速度越來(lái)越快，成為當(dāng)今世界上擁有自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)最多的國(guó)家之一。 我國(guó)對(duì)立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)及其物料搬運(yùn)

42、設(shè)備的研制開(kāi)始并不晚，1963年研制成第一臺(tái)橋式堆垛起重機(jī)（機(jī)械部北京起重運(yùn)輸機(jī)械研究所），1973年開(kāi)始研制我國(guó)第一座由計(jì)算機(jī)控制的自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)（高15米，機(jī)械部起重所負(fù)責(zé)），該庫(kù)1980年投入運(yùn)行。到目前為止，我國(guó)自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)數(shù)量已超過(guò)200座。立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)由于具有很高的空間利用率、很強(qiáng)的入出庫(kù)能力、采用計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行控制管理而利于企業(yè)實(shí)施現(xiàn)代化管理等特點(diǎn)，已成為企業(yè)物流和生產(chǎn)管理不可缺少的倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)技術(shù)，越來(lái)越受到企業(yè)的重視。 自動(dòng)化高架倉(cāng)庫(kù)應(yīng)用范圍很廣，幾乎遍布所有行業(yè)。在我國(guó)，自動(dòng)化高架倉(cāng)庫(kù)應(yīng)用的行業(yè)主要有機(jī)械、冶金、化工、航空航天、電子、醫(yī)藥、食品加工、煙草、印刷、配送中心、機(jī)場(chǎng)、港口等。自

43、動(dòng)化立體庫(kù)的基本組成:高層貨架:用于存儲(chǔ)貨物的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)。目前主要有焊接式貨架和組合式貨架兩種基本形式。托盤(pán)（貨箱）：用于承載貨物的器具，亦稱(chēng)工位器具。巷道堆垛機(jī):用于自動(dòng)存取貨物的設(shè)備。按結(jié)構(gòu)形式分為單立柱和雙立柱兩種基本形式；按服務(wù)方式分為直道、彎道和轉(zhuǎn)移車(chē)三種基本形式。輸送機(jī)系統(tǒng):立體庫(kù)的主要外圍設(shè)備，負(fù)責(zé)將貨物運(yùn)送到堆垛機(jī)或從堆垛機(jī)將貨物移走。輸送機(jī)種類(lèi)非常多，常見(jiàn)的有輥道輸送機(jī)，鏈條輸送機(jī)，升降臺(tái)，分配車(chē)，提升機(jī)機(jī)，皮帶機(jī)等。AGV系統(tǒng):即自動(dòng)導(dǎo)向小車(chē)。根據(jù)其導(dǎo)向方式分為感應(yīng)式導(dǎo)向小車(chē)和激光導(dǎo)向小車(chē)。自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng):驅(qū)動(dòng)自動(dòng)化立體庫(kù)系統(tǒng)各設(shè)備的自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)。目前以采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線(xiàn)方式為控制模式

44、為主。庫(kù)存信息管理系統(tǒng):亦稱(chēng)中央計(jì)算機(jī)管理系統(tǒng)。是全自動(dòng)化立體庫(kù)系統(tǒng)的核心。目前典型的自動(dòng)化立體庫(kù)系統(tǒng)均采用大型的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)（如ORACLE，SYBASE等）構(gòu)筑典型的客戶(hù)機(jī)/服務(wù)器體系，可以與其他系統(tǒng)（如ERP系統(tǒng)等）聯(lián)網(wǎng)或集成。 1.2 自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)的優(yōu)越性 自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)其優(yōu)越性是多方面的，對(duì)于企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō),可從以下幾個(gè)方面得到體現(xiàn)： 1.2.1 提高空間利用率 早期立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)的構(gòu)想，其基本出發(fā)點(diǎn)就是提高空間利用率，充分節(jié)約有限且寶貴的土地。在西方有些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，提高空間利用率的觀(guān)點(diǎn)已有更廣泛深刻的含義，節(jié)約土地，已與節(jié)約能源、環(huán)境保護(hù)等更多的方面聯(lián)系起來(lái)。有些甚至把空間的利用率作為系統(tǒng)合理性

45、和先進(jìn)性考核的重要指標(biāo)來(lái)對(duì)待。立體庫(kù)的空間利用率與其規(guī)劃緊密相連。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，自動(dòng)化高架倉(cāng)庫(kù)其空間利用率為普通平庫(kù)的2-5倍。這是相當(dāng)可觀(guān)的。 1.2.2 便于形成先進(jìn)的物流系統(tǒng)，提高企業(yè)生產(chǎn)管理水平 傳統(tǒng)倉(cāng)庫(kù)只是貨物儲(chǔ)存的場(chǎng)所，保存貨物是其唯一的功能，是一種“靜態(tài)儲(chǔ)存”。自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)采用先進(jìn)的自動(dòng)化物料搬運(yùn)設(shè)備，不僅能使貨物在倉(cāng)庫(kù)內(nèi)按需要自動(dòng)存取，而且可以與倉(cāng)庫(kù)以外的生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行有機(jī)的連接，并通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)管理系統(tǒng)和自動(dòng)化物料搬運(yùn)設(shè)備使倉(cāng)庫(kù)成為企業(yè)生產(chǎn)物流中的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)。企業(yè)外購(gòu)件和自制生產(chǎn)件進(jìn)入自動(dòng)化倉(cāng)庫(kù)儲(chǔ)存是整個(gè)生產(chǎn)的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，短時(shí)儲(chǔ)存是為了在指定的時(shí)間自動(dòng)輸出到下一道工序進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)，從而形成一個(gè)自動(dòng)化的物流系統(tǒng)，這是一種“動(dòng)態(tài)儲(chǔ)存”，也是當(dāng)今自動(dòng)化倉(cāng)庫(kù)發(fā)展的一個(gè)明顯的技術(shù)趨勢(shì)。 以上所述的物流系統(tǒng)又是整個(gè)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)管理大系統(tǒng)（從訂貨、必要的設(shè)計(jì)和規(guī)劃、計(jì)劃編制和