2020屆二輪復(fù)習(xí)-動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)-課件(35張)

1、2020屆二輪復(fù)習(xí)-動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)-課件(35張)2020屆二輪復(fù)習(xí)-動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)-課件(35張)1.不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰，或者需要突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時，就要用被動語態(tài)。2.只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)。但cost， have, own， lack，agree with，suffer from，belong to，consist of等及物動詞或及物的短語動詞也沒有被動語態(tài)。注意：1.不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰，或者需要突出或強(qiáng)調(diào) 熟讀深思 My dear classmates, I am Lin Fan, chairman of student union. I am

2、 writing1 to draw your attention to some improper behaviour in our campus: littering and scribbling. It has been making2 our school dirty and unpleasant. I always feel ashamed3 whenever I see this. It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about. Last week, the student union

3、 held4 a meeting to seek some solutions to these problems. 熟讀深思 My dear classmates,We were having5 a heated discussion when our headmaster came and joined us. After the meeting, the headmaster said that the school had made6 efforts to improve this situation and more dustbins would be placed7 around.

4、 Recently, the student union has set up8 specific rules against such behaviour. At the same time, all of us should develop good habits and better behave ourselves. We believe that, with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school will become9 a more enjoyable place in the near future

5、. Yours faithfully, Lin FanWe were having5 a heated dis漢語譯文：大家好，我是學(xué)校學(xué)生會主席李帆，今天寫信的目的是希望大家對校園里一些亂扔垃圾以及隨意涂寫等不文明的行為引起關(guān)注。這些行為嚴(yán)重影響著大家的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。顯然，作為一名學(xué)生，在校園亂扔亂涂是不對的，我也經(jīng)常對某些同學(xué)的不文明行為感到羞愧。上周, 學(xué)生會開會探討一些可行措施，期間，校長也抽空加入我們的會議。會后，校長表示學(xué)校已經(jīng)就改善校園環(huán)境做出努力，并承諾將在校園設(shè)置更多的垃圾箱。近期，學(xué)生會也制定了一些相關(guān)規(guī)章。同時，大家必須管理好自己并養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣。我們相信，在全體師生的共同努

6、力下，我們的校園環(huán)境一定會變得更好。漢語譯文：大家好，我是學(xué)校學(xué)生會主席李帆，今天寫信的目的是希1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作。2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，表示從過去從開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能繼續(xù)下去的動作。3.一般現(xiàn)在時。經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動作。4.一般過去時。在過去某個時間里（last week 上周）所發(fā)生的動作。5.過去進(jìn)行時，在過去某一時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。 熟讀深思 1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作。 熟讀深思 6.過去完成時，表示在過去某一時刻或動作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動作，即“過去的過去”。7.過去將來時，表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作或?qū)⒁嬖诘臓顟B(tài)。另外此處主語dust

7、bins為動作的承受者，所以用被動語態(tài)。8.現(xiàn)在完成時，表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。9.一般將來時，表示在將來某一時刻要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。6.過去完成時，表示在過去某一時刻或動作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動作 時態(tài)語態(tài)與高考 1. 在語法填空中，動詞的時態(tài)是必考內(nèi)容。其中，最有可能考的是一般過去時或者是主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，以及現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、過去進(jìn)行時和一般將來時。被動語態(tài)是可能要考的內(nèi)容，特別是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。 時態(tài)語態(tài)與高考 1. 在語法填空中，動詞的時態(tài)是必考內(nèi)容。2.短文改錯最可能考查上下文時態(tài)不一致，也可能考被動語態(tài)漏掉be或過去分詞拼寫錯誤

8、。3.若掌握好被動語態(tài)，在寫作中適當(dāng)運(yùn)用，可使句子更加多樣化，有時甚至?xí)罹渥痈幼匀?、生動?注意，在語法填空中，如括號中所給詞是動詞，可能是考時態(tài)語態(tài)，可能是考非謂語動詞，也可能是考詞類轉(zhuǎn)換，要根據(jù)句子成分去判斷。2.短文改錯最可能考查上下文時態(tài)不一致，也可能考被動語態(tài)漏掉在確定謂語動詞的時態(tài)時，我們可從三個方面來進(jìn)行判斷： 看句子中的時間狀語或時間狀語從句。 看上下文的謂語動詞的形式。在確定謂語動詞的時態(tài)時，我們可從三個方面來進(jìn)行判斷： 看是否是特殊的句型。如： was/were about to dowhendid It is/has been +時間段+since 從句(一般過去時)

9、 It had been +時間段+since 從句(過去完成時) It will be +時間段+before 從句(一般現(xiàn)在時) 看是否是特殊的句型。如： It/This/That is the first time that have/ has done It/This/That was the first time thathad done Hardly had +主語+donewhendid No sooner had +主語+donethandid這樣的句型還有很多，平時要注意積累。 It/This/That is the first ti一、單句填空1. The sun was

10、setting when my car _ (break) down near a remote village.該空是when 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句主語my car的謂語。從句中沒有時間狀語或時間狀語從句, 但主句的謂語動詞was setting用了過去進(jìn)行時, 同時此句也是一個特殊的句型：.was/were doing. when. did.此句型中的when 意為at that time, 因此可判斷此謂語應(yīng)用一般過去時。此外, 主語my car 與謂語之間的關(guān)系是主動關(guān)系, 同時主語也是單數(shù)。綜合考慮可得此題答案為broke。broke 靈活運(yùn)用 一、單句填空該空是when 引導(dǎo)的時間狀

11、語從句主語my ca2. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their natural course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention.空格處是主語Being too anxious to help an event develop的謂語, 本句的狀語是often, 上句的謂語is saying是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時, 可知此句謂語應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。此外, 主語與謂語result in(

12、導(dǎo)致)之間的關(guān)系應(yīng)為主動關(guān)系, 同時, 主語是動名詞短語,謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。因此, 此題答案應(yīng)為：results。results2. This proverb is saying we h3. People stepped on your feet or _ (push) you with their elbows, hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. 3. 主語people的謂語, 上文的并列謂語是stepped, 可知時態(tài), 語態(tài)與主謂一致。因此, 此題的答案應(yīng)為：pushed。pushed3. People stepped on your feet4.

13、 Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking, ” Jane _ (inform).was informed后空是主語Jane的謂語,上文的謂語was 是一般過去時, 此外, 主語Jane與謂語inform(告知)之間的關(guān)系是被動關(guān)系(被告知), 同時主語Jane是單數(shù)。因此, 此題答案應(yīng)為：was informed。4. Her mother was excited. “Yo5. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back and then

14、 I noticed a man sitting at the front. He _ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.該空是主語 He 的謂語, 上句謂語是got, found和noticed, 本句后有并列謂語動詞giving, 可知本句謂語應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時。主語與謂語應(yīng)為主動關(guān)系, 主語也是單數(shù)。因此, 此題答案應(yīng)為：was pretending。was pretending5. I got on the bus and found 6. Ill go to the library as soon as I

15、 finish what I _ (do).句意是：我一完成工作就去圖書館。由于“去圖書館”用的是一般將來時,說明要完成的工作是“現(xiàn)在”正在做的事情, 故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。am doing6. Ill go to the library as s7. It is the most instructive lecture that I _(attend) since I came to this school.當(dāng)一個受最高級形容詞修飾的名詞受到定語從句的修飾時，該定語從句既可用一般過去時，也可用現(xiàn)在完成時，但由于其后接了一個since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，故空格處應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在完成時。have attend

16、ed7. It is the most instructive 8.In the last few years thousands of films _(produce) all over the world.時間狀語in the last few years通常要與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。 have been produced8.In the last few years thousa9. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son _(graduate) from college.顯然，兒子大學(xué)畢業(yè)在先, 杰克返回家在后。而“返回”家用

17、的是一般過去時（returned）, 故兒子大學(xué)畢業(yè)要用過去完成時（had graduated）。had graduated9. By the time Jack returned h10. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ (wear) evening dress.根據(jù)句意, 此處談的是一般情況, 要用一般現(xiàn)在時; 由于one of the women前有only修飾, 說明其后的定語從句是修飾one的, 而不是修飾women的, 所以定語從句中的謂語動詞要用單數(shù); 故填wears。wea

18、rs10. Barbara is easy to recogni11. All visitors to this village _ (treat) with kindness. 根據(jù)句意可知, visitors (游客) 與treat(對待)之間為被動關(guān)系, 故用被動語態(tài); 由于句中沒有相應(yīng)的過去時間, 故用一般現(xiàn)在時。句意為: 所有來訪這個村莊的客人都會受到友好對待。are treated11. All visitors to this villa二、語篇填空 How have you managed not to take a drink for almost 20 years? It

19、1 _ (take) me almost 20 years to have the courage to even ask my father this very personal question. When Dad first quit drinking, the whole family was on pins and needles every time he got into a situation that, in the past, 2 _ (start) him drinking again. For a few years we were afraid to bring it

20、 up for fear the drinking 3 _ _(begin) again. took would have started wouldbegin 二、語篇填空 How have you man“I had this little poem that I would recite to myself at least four to five times a day,” was Dads reply to my 18-year-old unasked question. And then he 4 _(share) the poem with me. About a month

21、after this talk with my father, when I 5 _(have) a rest, I received a gift in the mail from a friend of mine. It was a book of daily affirmations with one affirmation listed for each day of the year.shared was having “I had this little poem that I It 6 _ (be) my experience that when you 7 _ (get) so

22、mething with days of the year on it, you 8 _(turn) to the page that lists your own birthday. I hurriedly opened the book to November 10 to see what words of wisdom this book had in store for me. There, on my birthday, was the exact same poem that 9 _ (help) my father for all these years! It 10 _(cal

23、l) the Serenity Prayer.has been get will turn had helped is called It 6 _ (be) my e 本文講述一位十八歲的兒子鼓起勇氣問出了懷揣了將近二十年的問題，父親是如何成功戒酒近二十年的。最后在朋友送的一本書上，正好在自己生日對應(yīng)的那一頁看到了父親戒酒期間鼓勵自己的禱告，體現(xiàn)了父親為了兒子而戒酒的濃濃的父愛。1. took 從下文“For a few years we were afraid to”的“were”可知，此處應(yīng)該用一般過去時。2. would have started 從上文 “every time he g

24、ot into a”的謂語動詞的過去式可知，此處表達(dá)的是過去肯定會發(fā)生的事情。整句大意為：“父親最初戒酒時，一旦他陷入過去再次喝酒的情景時，整個家庭就會坐立不安?！?本文講述一位十八歲的兒子鼓起勇氣問出了懷揣了將3. would begin 從句無謂語動詞，且從上文“we were afraid to bring it up for fear” 謂語動詞were可知，此處缺少一個表示過去將來的謂語動詞。4. shared 本句無謂語動詞，從上文的時間副詞 “then” 可知，此處應(yīng)為一般過去時。5. was having 由when 引起的時間狀語從句中從句部分無謂語動詞，故have在本句應(yīng)做

25、謂語動詞，又從主句的謂語動詞received可知，當(dāng)時作者應(yīng)該是正在休息時，收到禮物，綜合以上，故此處應(yīng)該填動詞的過去進(jìn)行時，表示過去正在進(jìn)行的動作。3. would begin 從句無謂語動詞，且從上文“6. has been 此句為it引導(dǎo)的形式主語從句，be在主句中做謂語動詞；由下文的 “ my experience”可知這樣的事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生多次，已成經(jīng)驗，故用完成時態(tài)。7. get 由when引起的從句缺少謂語動詞，再從原文可知，這里表達(dá)的是一件經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情，故用動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時。8. will turn 由when引起的時間狀語從句中，從句的謂語動詞get用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句就會用一般

26、將來時，表示將要發(fā)生的動作。6. has been 此句為it引導(dǎo)的形式主語從句，b9. had helped 由于主句there+ be 句式的謂語動詞be用過去時，而以the poem為先行詞的定語從句中的從句無謂語動詞，需要一個表示發(fā)生在主句謂語動作發(fā)生前的動作，動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，故用過去完成時。10. is called 句子無謂語動詞，故call應(yīng)作句子的謂語；而it與call之間是被動關(guān)系；文中講的是書名，應(yīng)為客觀存在的事實，故答案為is called。9. had helped 由于主句there+ be 三、單句改錯 1. It is the first time that

27、 he talked with his father face to face.talked has talked 在It is the firs/ second/ third time that sb. have/has done sth (某人第幾次做某事)句型中，that后面的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。2. The vase isnt belong to him.isnt doesnt 因belong to 短語是行為動詞，其否定式是在其前面加doesnt；該短語也不能用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)。三、單句改錯 1. It is the first time3. She insisted that she organized the trip on her anized organize 因insist 表示“堅持要求”時，其后that從句的謂語用 “(should) do sth”。4. In the last twenty years, great changes have been taken place in our country.去掉have后的been 因表示“發(fā)生”的take place, happen, occur, come about等都不能用于被動語態(tài)。3. S