2020高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)專題-語法填空與短文改錯第9講

1、2020高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)專題-語法填空與短文改錯第9講2020高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)專題-語法填空與短文改錯第9講第九講并列句和狀語從句第九講并列句和狀語從句全國卷3年考情一覽表全國卷3年考情一覽表目錄Contents項目(一) 并列句 項目(二) 狀語從句 跟蹤演練 掃除忙點(diǎn)目Contents項目(一) 并列句 并列句是高考考查的重點(diǎn)之一，重點(diǎn)考查上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如短文改錯中and, but, or的錯用，bothand， eitheror， notbut等固定搭配和while表示對比轉(zhuǎn)折等用法。項目(一)并列句并列句是高考考查的重點(diǎn)之一，重點(diǎn)考查上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如2020高考英語專題

2、復(fù)習(xí)專題-語法填空與短文改錯第9講1并列句和定語從句的區(qū)別并列句與定語從句的主要區(qū)別在于：并列句是由并列連詞連接，不能再用引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞。典例示范典例1They live in a small house, in front of _ stands an orange tree.1并列句和定語從句的區(qū)別They live in a small house, and in front of _ stands an orange tree.答案 which；it 解析 兩空都應(yīng)該填連詞。句中空處引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示“如果”，故填I(lǐng)f；句中兩個并列分句是順承關(guān)系，故填and。They liv

3、e in a small house, a典例2_ money is necessary for a happy life, it cant stand for everything.Money is necessary for a happy life, _ it cant stand for everything.典例2答案 Although/Though；but/yet 解析兩空都應(yīng)該填連詞。句中空處所在句子表示讓步關(guān)系，故填A(yù)lthough/Though；句中前后分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but/yet。2020高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)專題-語法填空與短文改錯第9講二、并列句之解題原則原則1牢記

4、并列連詞的基本類型和固定句型結(jié)構(gòu)1下列是?？嫉牟⒘羞B詞/連接副詞的歸類與功能：二、并列句之解題原則2020高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)專題-語法填空與短文改錯第9講2.熟記固定搭配和固定句式：(1)表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的有：bothand， not onlybut (also)等；(2)表示選擇關(guān)系的有：eitheror， notbut等；(3)祈使句and陳述句， and表順承；(4)祈使句or陳述句， or表轉(zhuǎn)折。2.熟記固定搭配和固定句式：考題感悟1(2016新課標(biāo)樣卷)The greatest gifts in life are not purchased, _ acquired through h

5、ard work.答案 but解析 句意：生命中最好的禮物不是買來的，而是通過努力工作獲得的。notbut不是而是，為固定搭配。考題感悟2(2014全國卷)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed(disappoint)答案 and解析 前后是兩個句子，應(yīng)填連接詞；不缺句子成分，意義完整，再根據(jù)兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系判斷，是并列關(guān)系，故填and。2(2014全國卷)There were many p原則2結(jié)合語境及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，明晰句子之間的邏輯

6、關(guān)系考題感悟1(2019全國卷)I work not because I have to, _ because I want to.答案 but 原則2結(jié)合語境及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，明晰句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系解析 句意：我工作不是因為我必須工作，而是因為我想工作。此處表示選擇。notbut不是而是。解析 句意：我工作不是因為我必須工作，而是因為我想工作。此處2(2014全國卷)But the river wasnt changed in a few days _ even a few months.答案 or解析 句意：但是河流不是在幾天甚至或者是幾個月的時間里被改變的。此處表示選擇。2(2014全國卷)B

7、ut the river was考點(diǎn)一并列連詞錯用考題感悟1(2019全國卷)Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.考點(diǎn)一并列連詞錯用答案 butand解析 句意：突然一個足球落在我前邊并且差點(diǎn)打到我?！白闱蚵湎聛怼迸c“打到我”兩個動作是順承關(guān)系，不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。答案 butand2(2019全國卷)When I studied chemistry at high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.答案 orand解析 句意：在高

8、中學(xué)化學(xué)的時候，我重新考慮了自己的目標(biāo)并決定成為一名醫(yī)生。 “重新考慮”與“決定成為一名醫(yī)生”之間是順承關(guān)系，不是選擇關(guān)系。2(2019全國卷)When I studied ch3(2018全國卷)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.答案 butand解析 “每兩年回去”與“他同意”是順承關(guān)系，故用并列連詞and。3(2018全國卷)At the end of our4(2018全國卷)Everyone was silent, waiti

9、ng to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.答案 andor解析 his與her之間為選擇關(guān)系，而非并列關(guān)系，故用or。4(2018全國卷)Everyone was sile5(2017全國卷)I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind went blank.答案 sobut/yet解析 句意：上車之前，我認(rèn)為自己已經(jīng)了解了教練的指示，但是車一發(fā)動起來，我的腦子就一片空白了。根

10、據(jù)語境可知，前后內(nèi)容之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but或yet。5(2017全國卷)I thought I had l6(2017全國卷)I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.答案 andbut解析 not onlybut (also)不但而且，為固定搭配。6(2017全國卷)I have grown not 考點(diǎn)二并列連詞多余although/though和but, because和so不能連用，一般刪除but或so；另外，一個從句只能有一個引導(dǎo)詞?？碱}感悟1(2016全國卷)Though

11、not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.考點(diǎn)二并列連詞多余答案刪除but或butyet解析 though不能與but用在同一個句子中，但可與yet用在同一個句子中?！疽族e警示】 在英語中though, although, while或者as等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句不和but連用；連詞because不和so連用；此外，return不和back連用。答案刪除but或butyet【易錯警示】 在英語中tho2(2014全國卷)Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same pl

12、ace year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.答案刪除but或butyet解析 but與although不能同時使用。2(2014全國卷)Although we allow狀語從句共有9類，考生備考時應(yīng)對其常見引導(dǎo)詞的含義、用法牢記于心，并掌握以下難點(diǎn)：一、when用于特殊句式中命題陷阱Today, I was walking while an old woman approached and asked for some loose change for a cup of te

13、a. 項目(二)狀語從句狀語從句共有9類，考生備考時應(yīng)對其常見引導(dǎo)詞的含義、用法牢記易錯警示whilewhen句意：今天我正走在路上，這時一位老太太過來問我要一點(diǎn)零錢去喝杯茶。be doing sthwhen可以看作是一個固定句式，意為“正在做某事這時(突然)”。句中when的意思不是“當(dāng)時候”，而是表示“突然；這時，那時”，意同and suddenly/and at the moment，因此，它不能被while/as替換。易錯警示2020高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)專題-語法填空與短文改錯第9講二、連詞化現(xiàn)象命題陷阱I used to play around. But at the moment I

14、saw you, I was reborn. And you made me know the true meaning of life. Going grocery shopping was so much fun that I asked my mom to take me with her for the next time she goes.二、連詞化現(xiàn)象易錯警示刪除at句意：我曾經(jīng)到處閑逛，但是見到你的一剎那，我重生了。你讓我知道了生命的意義。the moment本是名詞短語，但常?？梢杂米鬟B詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“一就”，意同as soon as。同類的短語還有the minu

15、te, the second, the instant等以及副詞instantly, directly, immediately等。易錯警示刪除for句意：去雜貨店購物實在很好玩，所以我要求母親下次帶我去。名詞time相關(guān)的短語也常常被連詞化，即在time前加上序數(shù)詞the first/second/或在time前加the next/last, each/every等詞時，這些短語前面都不可以加介詞。加介詞的是介詞短語作狀語；不加介詞的是名詞短語的連詞化。如：刪除for句意：去雜貨店購物實在很好玩，所以我要求母親下aI saw her in Wuhan for the first time i

16、n my life.bThe first time I saw her, I knew that she was cleverer than me.aI saw her in Wuhan for the f三、with與as的混用命題陷阱With time went by, the economic condition in the country was becoming better and better. 易錯警示W(wǎng)ithAs或wentgoing句意：隨著時間的推移，這個國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況正變得越來越好。with與as都可以表示“隨著”。但是，as是連詞，其后應(yīng)跟句子；with是介詞，其后應(yīng)

17、跟動名詞形式。三、with與as的混用四、before的意義和用法命題陷阱The president made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation when it got worse. It was four weeks _ I received the letter my mom sent to me.四、before的意義和用法易錯警示whenbefore句意：總統(tǒng)犯了一個錯誤，但是后來他在情況惡化之前糾正了。連詞before本意為“在之前”，還可以表示“還未就； 才； 還沒來得及就； 終于”。如：aI waited there f

18、or hours before the train eventually came. bHe jumped up before I could give him a hand.易錯警示before句意：過了四周我才收到母親寄給我的信。before常用于句式“It be一段時間before”中，意為“過了多久才”，否定形式意為“過不了多久就”，故填before。before句意：過了四周我才收到母親寄給我的信。bef名師點(diǎn)津It was not long before意為“不久就”。考生還應(yīng)注意區(qū)別Itssince/before/when/that：名師點(diǎn)津2020高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)專題-語法填空

19、與短文改錯第9講五、sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句命題陷阱She was very exhausted that she had no strength to speak louder.易錯警示veryso句意：她已經(jīng)精疲力盡了，連大聲說話的力氣也沒有。sothat是固定句式，意為“如此以至于”，so不能用very或其他副詞替換。五、sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句考生要清楚引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的句型sothat， suchthat的結(jié)構(gòu)形式：考生要清楚引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的句型sothat， such六、讓步狀語從句的倒裝命題陷阱A little boy as he is, he can finish

20、 the work alone. 易錯警示刪除A句意：他雖然是個小孩子，但是他有能力獨(dú)自完成這項工作。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時只能用倒裝語序，即從句中的表語、狀語或動詞原形置于句首，若表語是單數(shù)名詞，前置時要省略冠詞。 六、讓步狀語從句的倒裝另外：although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時只能用正常語序；though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，可用正常語序，也可用倒裝語序；while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，一般置于句首。另外：although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時只能用正常語序；th.單句語法填空1(2019四川雅安中學(xué)摸底)I was not a big fan of dancing, _ I was a big f

21、an of Grandma, so I accepted her invitation.單句語法填空答案 but/yet解析 句意：我并不是個舞迷，但是我是奶奶的追隨者，所以我接受了她的邀請。兩個分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞。答案 but/yet2(2019福建雙十中學(xué)返校考)A crying baby cant be ignored at all, _ anyone can prove it.答案 and解析 句意：你根本不能忽視一個正在哭泣的寶寶，而且這是任何人都能證明的事實。前后句為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。這里不能用which，如果句中沒有it，則可以用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。

22、2(2019福建雙十中學(xué)返?？?A crying bab3(2019山東青島三模)Some people say the fire was a wakeup call, not just for Europe, _ the whole world.答案 but解析 句意：一些人說，這場火災(zāi)不僅給歐洲敲響了警鐘，也給全世界敲響了警鐘。notbut不是而是。3(2019山東青島三模)Some people say4(2019福建莆田一中月考)She had almost reached her destination _ a delicious smell arrested her progres

23、s and she stopped.答案 when解析 句意：就在她快要到達(dá)目的地的時候，突然一陣香味吸引了她，于是她停下了腳步。句中when意為“突然；這時，那時”。4(2019福建莆田一中月考)She had almos5(2019湖南寧鄉(xiāng)一中摸底)Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a babys cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them _ we are parent

24、s or not.答案 whether 5(2019湖南寧鄉(xiāng)一中摸底)Researchers h解析 句意：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在他們的實驗中，嬰兒的哭聲會使大腦產(chǎn)生獨(dú)特的情感反應(yīng)，使我們無法忽略它們不管我們是否是父母。whetheror not在該句中引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“無論，不管”。解析 句意：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在他們的實驗中，嬰兒的哭聲會使大腦6(2019遼寧沈陽一模) hearing professionals worry teenagers will soon outnumber aging adults _ it comes to living with hearing loss.答案

25、when解析 句意：聽力專家擔(dān)憂就聽力損失來說，青少年聽力損失人數(shù)可能很快就要超過成年人。when it comes to談?wù)摰?，為固定句式?6(2019遼寧沈陽一模) hearing profe7(2019山東濟(jì)南一模)_ the patterns and colors may be different, papercuts share the same function of maintaining emotional ties among people.答案 Although/Though/While解析 句意：盡管樣式和顏色不同，但是剪紙所承載的情感紐帶的功能卻是一樣的。分析句子可知

26、，前后句為讓步關(guān)系，故用引導(dǎo)詞Although/Though/While。7(2019山東濟(jì)南一模)_ th8(2019東北三省四市一模)The passages are so wide _ you can move without disturbing anyone.答案that解析 句意：通道是如此的寬敞，你可以經(jīng)過的時候不用打擾別人。sothat如此以至于，為固定句式。 8(2019東北三省四市一模)The passages 9(2019河南鄭州二模)_ he was looking into the use of handheld cellphones by drivers, he f

27、ound that more than 30% of them reached for their phones on the road.答案 When/While/As解析 根據(jù)本句前后分句的邏輯關(guān)系可知，此處填時間連詞When/While/As。9(2019河南鄭州二模)_ h10(2019湖南懷化二模)_ time went by, more and more students showed great interest in our club.答案 As解析 句意：隨著時間的推移，越來越多的學(xué)生對我們的俱樂部表現(xiàn)出極大的興趣。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；at time goes

28、 by為固定用法，故填A(yù)s。10(2019湖南懷化二模)_ t【狀元筆記】after, when, while, as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的區(qū)別(1)after意為“在之后”，表示時間點(diǎn)，謂語動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞。(2)when既可以和延續(xù)性動詞連用，也可以和短暫性動詞連用；而while和as只能和延續(xù)性動詞連用?！緺钤P記】after, when, while, as引(3)when引導(dǎo)的從句謂語動詞表示的動作可以在主句謂語動作之前、之后或與主句謂語動作同時發(fā)生；while和as引導(dǎo)的從句謂語動詞表示的動作必須和主句謂語動作同時發(fā)生。(3)when引導(dǎo)的從句謂語動詞表示的動作可以在主句謂語動作.單

29、句改錯1(2013全國卷)He had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful.答案第二個he前加and解析 去掉非限制性定語從句whichtown后，就是He had a deep voice, he was strong and powerful，顯然兩句之間缺少連接詞；根據(jù)句意可知兩句間是并列關(guān)系，故用and。.單句改錯2(2019湖南婁底二模)Many new buildings had expanded around it. Therefor

30、e, it was still part of a royal palace and prison combined.答案 ThereforeHowever解析 句意：很多新的建筑已經(jīng)在它周邊建起，但是，倫敦塔依然是皇宮與監(jiān)獄共用的地方。分析句子可知，前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，Therefore后有逗號，故用However。2(2019湖南婁底二模)Many new buildi3(2019湖南湘贛十四校二聯(lián))That is very clear that the pollution has harmed not only the people around the factory and also

31、the manager himself.答案 andbut解析 not onlybut (also)不僅而且，為固定搭配。3(2019湖南湘贛十四校二聯(lián))That is very4(2019江西八校聯(lián)考)My dear mum or dad, thank you very much for bringing me up.答案 orand解析 句意：我親愛的父母，非常感謝你們撫養(yǎng)我長大。此處表示并列而非選擇關(guān)系，故or改為and。4(2019江西八校聯(lián)考)My dear mum or 5(2019山東臨沂三模)Then we cleaned the windows or swept the floor for them. Some of us gave some performances to them, such as singing songs and dancing.答案 orand解析 句意：然后我們擦玻璃，掃地，我們中的一些人給他們表演了節(jié)目，例如唱歌和跳舞。分析句子可知，兩個動作為并列關(guān)系，所以用and來連接。5(2019山東臨沂