人教版高中英語必修一 Unit1 Friendship 直接和間接引語課件

1、 Direct & Indirect Speech statements and questionsUnit 1 Grammar當(dāng)我們想引述別人說的話時有兩種表達方式：直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語；用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語。T: What did you eat this morning?S1: I ate T: What did S1 say, S2?S2: S1 said he/she had eaten direct speechindirect speechShe said, “China has been using PSAs (公益廣告) to educate peop

2、le.”She said China had been using PSAs to educate people.indirect speechdirect speechDifferencesdirect speechindirect speechTo report what exactly has been saidThe words usually appear in quotation marksTo report the meaning of what has been said without using the exact wordsNo quotation marksHow to

3、 change direct speech intoindirect speech? Change what has been said to an object clause(賓語從句) or an infinitive phrase（不定式短語）;b. Change personal pronouns（人稱代詞）;c. Change tenses（時態(tài)）;d. Change adverbials of time and place（時間和地點狀語）;e. Other cases（其他情況）. He said, “I like it very much.”He said that he li

4、ked it very much.He said to me, “Ive left my book in your room.He told me that he had left his book in my room.b. Change personal pronouns: （改變?nèi)朔Q代詞）I said to her, “I have done my best.”I told her that I had done my best.Direct speechIndirect speechDirect speechIndirect speechSimple presentSimple fut

5、urePresent continuousPast perfectSimple pastPresent perfectcontinuousPresent perfectPast continuousPast perfectPast perfectFuture in the pastPast perfectPast perfectcon-tinuousc. The changes of the tenses （改變時態(tài)）Simple past He said, “I lost a key heer yesterday.” He said that he had lost a key there

6、the day before/the previous day. “I read the book here a week ago,” Jane said to him.Jane told him that she had read the book there a week before.d. Change adverbials of time and place（改變時間和地點狀語）Direct speechIndirect speechthisthatthesethoseheretherecomegobringtakee. Other cases由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況時態(tài)不變

7、:1. 不變的真理 The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.2. 經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3.

8、 歷史事件： The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.4. 部分情態(tài)動詞, 如must, ought to, used to, had better等： She said to me, “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up.轉(zhuǎn)述他人的陳述陳述句 She asked me what I was doing.He said, “Im going to Beijing.” He said that

9、 he was going to Beijing.He asked, “Are you a teacher?” He asked me if /whether I was a teacher.She said, “What are you doing?”2. 轉(zhuǎn)述他人的疑問一般疑問句3. 轉(zhuǎn)述他人的問題特殊疑問句 解題步驟:1. 陳述句:“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friendsthat I dont likecomputers.tolddidntsheSarah told her f

10、riends that she didnt like computers.Tom said (that) there wasnt any trouble and that he was waiting for his change. 注意: 當(dāng)兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句并列時, 僅能省略第一個that, 其余的不能省略。Tom said, “ There isnt any trouble andIm waiting for my change (零錢).”3. 特殊疑問句：When do you harvest the wheat?( They asked him )They asked him

11、whenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.harvested直接引語 (變化前)間接引語(變化后)特殊疑問句“Mary, when will you return me the book?” asked John.祈使句The officer said to him, “Dont leave your post.”wh-詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句John asked Mary when she would return him the book.

12、不定式The officer ordered him not to leave his post.直接引語 (變化前)間接引語(變化后)Lets開頭的祈使句 I said to him, “Lets start at once.”感嘆句He said: “How happy I am!”that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.that / what / how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句He said that he was very happy.He said how happy he was.直接引語(變化前)間接引語(

13、變化后)主句動詞為一般過去時引語時態(tài)為:從句動詞時態(tài)相應(yīng)變化從句時態(tài)變?yōu)?一般現(xiàn)在時“I know it,” he said.一般過去時He said that he knew it. 直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)主句動詞為一般過去時引語時態(tài)為:從句動詞時態(tài)相應(yīng)變化從句時態(tài)變?yōu)?現(xiàn)在進行時“Im making coffee for you all,” she said.過去進行時She said she was making coffee for us all. 直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)主句動詞為一般過去時引語時態(tài)為:從句動詞時態(tài)相應(yīng)變化從句時態(tài)變?yōu)?現(xiàn)在完成時“I hav

14、e seen her before,” said he. 過去完成時He said he had seen her before. 直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)主句動詞為一般過去時引語時態(tài)為:從句動詞時態(tài)相應(yīng)變化從句時態(tài)變?yōu)?一般過去時“I saw her last Monday,” he said.過去完成時He said he had seen her the previous Monday. 直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)主句動詞為一般過去時引語時態(tài)為:從句動詞時態(tài)相應(yīng)變化從句時態(tài)變?yōu)?過去進行時“I was waiting for Jim,” she said. 過去完成

15、進行時She said she had been waiting for Jim.直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)主句動詞為一般過去時引語時態(tài)為:從句動詞時態(tài)相應(yīng)變化從句時態(tài)變?yōu)?過去完成時“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked.過去完成時Jack asked if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died. 直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)主句動詞為一般過去時引語時態(tài)為:從句動詞時態(tài)相應(yīng)變化從

16、句時態(tài)變?yōu)?一般將來時He said, “We shall start tomorrow.”過去將來時He said they would start the next day.1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day單選2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.

17、” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow 3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he

18、 has walkedthis week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day 5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house.

19、A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had hearda week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he hearda week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he

20、break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time 8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you

21、 spent your9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why _ yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. havent I left here 10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east?” The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. ifrise B. ifr

22、ises C. whetherrose D. whether did rise1.Alicesaid,“Ivejustgotaletter from myfather.”Alicesaidthat_ justgota letter from_father.2.JaneaskedDick,“Haveyou finishedwritingthereport?” JaneaskedDick_ _writingthereport.sheherhad根據(jù)句型及句意將下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，每空一詞。whether/ifhefinishedhad3.“Dontgrowplantsinthesame pl

23、aceyearafteryear,”thefarmer said. Thefarmer_me_ _ _ plantsinthesameplace year afteryear. 4.Mr.Smithsaidtothegirl,“Iwill comeheretoseeyounextSunday.”Mr.Smith_thegirlthat _theretosee _ _ _Sunday.toldnot to growtoldhe would goher thenext根據(jù)句型及句意將下列間接引語變?yōu)橹苯右Z，每空一詞。 1.Hetoldmethatafriendinneed is afriendindeed. He_me,“Afriendinneed _afriendindeed.”2.Hesaidthathelikedthefilmvery much.Hesaid,“_thefi