考研考博-英語-華北電力大學押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華北電力大學押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Thosewerethesoldiers（

）tosavethetown.

問題1選項

A.whoseresponsibilitywas

B.inwhomtherewasaresponsibility

C.whosewastheresponsibility

D.fromwhomtheresponsibilitycame

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：這些士兵的（）是保衛(wèi)城鎮(zhèn)。根據(jù)句意答案選A；關系代詞whose在定語從句中職能作狀語，不能作主語，所以C選項錯誤；介詞+whom/which在定語從句中一般作狀語，D選項不符語法，B選項不符題意。而且responsibility一般不與in搭配。

2.單選題

Nomodernindustrialenterprisescan（）foramomentwithoutrulesandsetprocedures.

問題1選項

A.make

B.do

C.try

D.perform

【答案】B

【解析】動詞do可以用來表達完成一些日常的活動或工作。注意，這些活動通常都是沒有產(chǎn)出具體實物的活動，所以do符合本題語義；make用來表達構造、建立和創(chuàng)造的意思，用來表達創(chuàng)造出可以觸碰的實物的活動，所以排除。C、D詞義不符。

3.單選題

Idon’tunderstandwhatyou’regettingsoworkedupaboutit.It’sreallynotaproblem.

問題1選項

A.unconcerned

B.concerned

C.angry

D.happy

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項unconcerned“不關心的；無關的；無憂慮的”；B選項concerned“有關的；關心的”；C選項angry“生氣的；憤怒的；狂暴的；（傷口等）發(fā)炎的”；D選項happy“幸福的；高興的；巧妙的”。句意：我不明白你為什么這么生氣。這真的不是問題。本句關鍵詞workedup表示“激動的，生氣的”，四個選項中C選項最合適，因此C選項正確。

4.單選題

Hismemoryseemsto（

）withage.Therearealotofthingshecouldn'trememberclearly.

問題1選項

A.lessen

B.diminish

C.decrease

D.reduce

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。四個選項都可以表示“減少”。lessen指數(shù)目、程度、價值、實力等的減少；diminish指某事物對照原本基礎上數(shù)量或質量少了很多；decrease指各種事物逐漸減少、逐漸衰弱的過程；reduce指縮小事物的范圍、強度、數(shù)量等，也可指級別、地位或經(jīng)濟條件的降低。此處表示他的記憶力隨著年齡的增長而減弱，記憶力變得比原來差，因此選B。

句意：他的記憶力似乎隨著年齡的增長而減弱，有很多事情他記不清了。

5.單選題

Therearemanywaysofdefiningsuccess.Itisaccuratetosaythateachofushasourownconceptofsuccesstotheextentthateachofusisresponsibleforsettingourowngoalsanddeterminingwhetherwehavemetthesegoalssatisfactorily.Becauseeachofuspossessesuniquedifferencesingeneticabilityandfavorableenvironmentsinwhichtoexpresstheseabilities,itisnecessarilytruethatwemustdefinesuccessbroadly.

Forsomepeople,simplybeingabletolivetheirlifewithaminimumofmiseryandsufferingisconsideredasuccess,Thinkofthepeaceofmindofthepoorshepherdwhotendshissheep,enjoyshisfrugallifewithhisfamilyinthebeautyofnature,andwhoisrespectedbecausehedoesagoodjobofachievingthegoalsexpectedofandacceptedbyhimandhissociety.Ontheotherhand,itseemsthateventhoughsomepeopleappeartoberichinmaterialpossessions,manyofthemseemtobemiserableandconsiderthemselvesunsuccessfulwhenjudgedbytheirowngoalsofsuccess.Becausenotallventurescanbesuccessful,oneshouldnotsetunrealisticgoalsforachievingsuccess,butifonehasself-confidenceitwouldbeunfortunatetosetone’sgoalsattoolowalevelofachievement.

Awisecounseloroncesaidtoayoungmanwhowasexperiencingfrustrationwithhisownprofessionalsuccess:“Youdonothavetosetyourgoaltoreachthemooninordertohavesuccessintraveling.Sometimesonecanbeverysuccessfulmerelybytakingawalkinthepark,orridingthesubwaydowntown,”Thecounseloradded,“Youhavenotreallyfailedandspoiledyourchancesforsuccessuntilyouhavebeenunsuccessfulatsomethingyoureallylike,andtowhichyouhavegivenyourbesteffort.’’

1.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorimpliesthat（）areessentialinachievingsuccess.

2.Theword“frugal’’（Line2,Para.2）means（）.

3.Somerichpeopleconsiderthemselvesunsuccessfulbecause（）.

4.Thelastparagraphimpliesthat（）.

5.Thispassagemainlytalksabout（）.

問題1選項

A.abilityandgoals

B.goalsanddetermination

C.abilityandenvironment

D.goalsandenvironment

問題2選項

A.wealthy

B.wasteful

C.thrifty

D.miserable

問題3選項

A.theirlifeismiserable

B.theydonotliveinpeace

C.theirgoalsaretoolow

D.theyarenotrichenoughbytheirownstandards

問題4選項

A.weshouldhavehighgoals

B.successmeansachievinggreatgoals

C.successmeanstakingawalkinthepark

D.successmeanstryingone’sbestatwhatonereallylikes

問題5選項

A.thedefinitionofsuccess

B.howtoachievesuccess

C.howtosetgoals

D.theimportanceofgoals

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由題干定位到第一段最后一句“Becauseeachofuspossessesuniquedifferencesingeneticabilityandfavorableenvironmentsinwhichtoexpresstheseabilities,itisnecessarilytruethatwemustdefinesuccessbroadly.因為我們每個人在遺傳能力和表達這些能力的有利環(huán)境方面都有獨特的差異，所以我們必須廣義地定義成功?！庇纱丝芍h(huán)境和能力是成功的必要因素。C項正確。

2.詞義題。由第二段第二句"Forsomepeople,simplybeingabletolivetheirlifewithaminimumofmiseryandsufferingisconsideredasuccess,Thinkofthepeaceofmindofthepoorshepherdwhotendshissheep,enjoyshisfrugallifewithhisfamilyinthebeautyofnature…"由前面的“對一些人來說，只要能以最少的痛苦和折磨過自己的生活就算是成功了，想想那些內心平靜的可憐的牧羊人吧…”可知牧羊人與家人一起在大自然的美景中享受簡樸的生活。故C項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段"Ontheotherhand,itseemsthateventhoughsomepeopleappeartoberichinmaterialpossessions,manyofthemseemtobemiserableandconsiderthemselvesunsuccessfulwhenjudgedbytheirowngoalsofsuccess."另一方面，似乎即使有些人看起來擁有豐富的物質財富，他們中的許多人似乎是悲慘的，當以他們自己的成功目標來判斷時，他們認為自己是不成功的?？芍蝗苏J為自己不成功是因為從他們自己的目標來衡量時并不夠富有。故D項正確。

4.判斷推理題。由最后一段“Thecounseloradded,“Youhavenotreallyfailedandspoiledyourchancesforsuccessuntilyouhavebeenunsuccessfulatsomethingyoureallylike,andtowhichyouhavegivenyourbesteffort.”顧問補充說:“你并沒有真正失敗，也沒有破壞你成功的機會，直到你在你真正喜歡的事情上失敗了，并為此付出了最大的努力?？芍狣項正確。ABC三項與原文不符。

5.主旨大意題。全文主要第一段講述了成功的定義，第二段和第三段分別舉例說明什么是成功。故A項正確。

6.單選題

Inthenextfewyears,theterm"bigdata"willcometoseemnaive,likewhen"informationsuperhighway"gavewayto"theinternet"in1995.

We'reenteringanageofpersonalbigdataanditsimpactonourliveswillsurpassthatoftheinternet.Datawillanswerquestionswecouldneverbeforeanswerwithcertaintyeverydayquestionslikewhetherthatdressactuallymakesyoulookfat,orprofoundquestionsaboutpreciselyhowlongyouwilllive.

Every20yearsorso,apowerfultechnologymovesfromtherealmofbackroomexpertiseandintothehandsofthemasses.Inthelate1970s,computingmadethattransitionfrommainframesinglass-enclosedroomstopersonalcomputerondesks.Inthelate1990s,thefirstwebbrowsersmadenetworks,whichhadbeenforsciencelabsandthemilitary,accessibletoanyofus,givingbirthtothemoderninternet.

Eachtransitiontouchedoffanexplosionofinnovationandreshapedworkandleisure.In1975,50,000PCswereinuseworldwide.Twentyyearslater,225million.Thenumberofinternetusersin1995hit16million.Todayit'smorethan3billion.Inmuchoftheworld,it'shardtoimaginelifewithoutconstantaccesstobothcomputingandnetworks.

The2010swillbethecoming-outpartyfordata.Gathering,accessingandgleaninginsightsfromvastanddeepdatahasbeenacapabilitylockedinsideenterpriseslongenough.Cloudcomputingandmobiledevicesnowmakeitpossibletostandinabathroomlineatabaseballgamewhiletappingintomassivecomputingpoweranddatabases.Ontheotherhand,connecteddevicessuchastheNestthermostatorFitbithealthmonitorandappsonsmartphonesincreasinglycollectnewkindsofinformationabouteverydaypersonalactionsandhabits,turningitintodataaboutourselves.

ThattheworldisawashindatamaybeasobviousassayingLadyGagadressesfunny.Butthegamechangerusheringintheneweraistheabilitytomakesenseofdatainwaysthatletnon-techhumansinteractwithit,learnfromitanduseit.

Morethan80percentofdatatodayisunstructured:tanglesofYouTubevideos,newsstories,academicpapers,socialnetworkcomments.Unstructureddatahasbeenalmostimpossibletosearchfor,analyzeandmixwithotherdata.Anewgenerationofcomputers-cognitivecomputingsystemsthatlearnfromdata-willreadtweetsore-booksorwatchvideoandcomprehenditscontent.Somewhatlikebrains,thesesystemscanlinkdiversebitsofdatatocomeupwithrealanswers,notjustsearchresults.

1.Whatcausedtheappearanceofmoderninternet?

2.Whatdoesthephrase"tappinginto"(paragraph5)probablymeaninthetext?

3.Inwhichwaycanwegetdataaboutourselves?

4.Whatistheessentialdifferencebetweentraditionalcomputersandcognitivecomputersystems?

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?

問題1選項

A.Bigdata

B.Informationsuperhighway

C.Cloudcomputing

D.Browsers

問題2選項

A.Stickinginto.

B.Beatingsoftly

C.Makinguseof

D.Investing

問題3選項

A.Fromeverydaypersonalactions.

B.Fromconnecteddevices.

C.Fromeverydaypersonalhabits.

D.Fromdatabase.

問題4選項

A.Cognitivecomputersystemsworkfasterthantraditionalcomputers

B.Cognitivecomputersystemsworkmoreaccurately.

C.Cognitivecomputersystemcanworklikehumanbrains.

D.Cognitivecomputersystemscansearchresults.

問題5選項

A.Computingwasintherealmofbackroomexpertisebefore1970s.

B.Theworldisfloodedintoomuchconfuseddata.

C.In1975,50,000PCswereinuseworldwide.

D.Datawillanswerquestionswecouldneverbeforeanswerwithcertainty.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中的Inthelate1990s,thefirstwebbrowsersmadenetworks,whichhadbeenforsciencelabsandthemilitary,accessibletoanyofus,givingbirthtothemoderninternet.（在20世紀90年代后期，第一批網(wǎng)絡瀏覽器使網(wǎng)絡可以為我們所用，從而出現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，這些網(wǎng)絡曾是專為科學實驗室和軍隊所用）可知選D。

2.詞義題。stickinginto意為“堅持，粘入”；beatingsoftly意為“輕拍”；makinguseof意為“利用”；investing意為“投資，花費”。根據(jù)“tappinginto”在Cloudcomputingandmobiledevicesnowmakeitpossibletostandinabathroomlineatabaseballgamewhiletappingintomassivecomputingpoweranddatabases.（現(xiàn)在云計算和移動設備可以……巨大的計算能力和數(shù)據(jù)庫使站在浴室里籃球賽成為可能）中前后的句意，可知C選項最符合語境。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章倒數(shù)第三段中的Ontheotherhand,connecteddevices...increasinglycollectnewkindsofinformationabouteverydaypersonalactionsandhabits,turningitintodataaboutourselves.（另一方面，連接的設備……越來越多地收集有關日常個人行為和習慣的新信息，將其轉化為有關自己的數(shù)據(jù)）可知選B。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由文章最后一段中的Anewgenerationofcomputers—cognitivecomputingsystemsthatlearnfromdata—willreadtweetsore-booksorwatchvideoandcomprehenditscontent.（新一代計算機——從數(shù)據(jù)中學習的認知計算系統(tǒng)——能閱讀推特或電子書或觀看視頻，能并理解其內容）可知選C。

5.推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中ThattheworldisawashindatamaybeasobviousassayingLadyGagadressesfunny.（世界上充斥著大量的數(shù)據(jù)，這可能和說LadyGaga的服裝很有趣一樣顯而易見）和最后一段中的Morethan80percentofdatatodayisunstructured:tanglesofYouTubevideos,newsstories,academicpapers,socialnetworkcomments.Unstructureddatahasbeenalmostimpossibletosearchfor,analyzeandmixwithotherdata.（今天超過80%的數(shù)據(jù)是非結構化的：視頻、新聞報道、學術論文、社交網(wǎng)絡評論。非結構化數(shù)據(jù)幾乎不可能搜索、分析和與其他數(shù)據(jù)混合）可知B選項“世界上充斥著太多令人困惑的數(shù)據(jù)”符合題意。

7.單選題

Thejudgecriticizedthelawyerbecausehedidn’tkeephisremarkstothetopic（

）discussion.

問題1選項

A.on

B.under

C.with

D.for

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。underdiscussion“在討論中”。句意：法官批評了律師，因為他沒有在討論中就這個話題發(fā)表言論。B項正確。

8.單選題

Abudgetoffivedollarsadayistotally______foratriproundEurope.

問題1選項

A.inadequate

B.incapable

C.incompatible

D.invalid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項inadequate“不足夠的，不充分的”；B選項incapable“無能力的，不能的”；C選項incompatible“不相容的”；D選項invalid“無效的”。根據(jù)四個選項及題干的意思可知A選項符合語義。句意：一天五美元的預算完全不足以作一次歐洲之旅。

9.單選題

Attemptstopersuadehertostayaftershefeltinsultedwere（）.

問題1選項

A.innoway

B.onthecontrary

C.ataloss

D.ofnoavail

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在她覺得受到侮辱后，企圖勸她留下來是徒勞的。

考查短語辨析。innoway決不；onthecontrary正相反；ataloss虧本地；困惑不解；ofnoavail無效;不起作用；徒勞的。根據(jù)前半句句意“在她覺得受到侮辱后”可知，D符合句意。

10.單選題

Inmountainousregions,muchofthesnowthatfallsiscompactedintoice.

問題1選項

A.brokendown

B.embedded

C.compiled

D.compressed

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在山區(qū)，大部分降雪被壓成冰。compacted意為壓實，壓緊。brokendown打破，折斷；embedded嵌入，植入；compiled編輯；compressed壓緊，壓縮。選項D與之意思相近。

11.單選題

Thenaturaldisastershaveimmeasurably（）thesocialandeconomicdevelopmentofourcountry.

問題1選項

A.impressed

B.affected

C.effected

D.interfered

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。impress“給予某人深刻印象”；affect“影響；感染；”;effect“產(chǎn)生;達到目的”；interfere“沖突;介入”。句意：自然災害會對我們國家的社會和經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生不可估量的影響。由naturaldisasters可推知自然災害會對經(jīng)濟和社會產(chǎn)生影響。故B項正確。

12.單選題

Inthelatenineteenthcentury,ecologybegantogrowintoanindependentsciencefromitsrootsinnaturalhistoryandplantgeography.Theemphasisofthisnew"communityecology"wasonthecompositionandstructureofcommunitiesconsistingofdifferentspecies.Intheearlytwentiethcentury,theAmericanecologistFredericClementspointedoutthatasuccessionofplantcommunitieswoulddevelopafteradisturbancesuchasavolcaniceruption,heavyflood,orforestfire.Anabandonedfield,forinstance,willbeinvadedsuccessivelybyherbaceousplants（plantswithlittleornowoodytissue）,shrubs,andtrees,eventuallybecomingaforest.Light-lovingspeciesarealwaysamongthefirstinvaders,whileshade-tolerantspeciesappearlaterinthesuccession.

Clementsandotherearlyecologistssawalmostlawlikeregularityintheorderofsuccession,butthathasnotbeensubstantiated.Ageneraltrendcanberecognized,butthedetailsareusuallyunpredictable.Successionisinfluencedbymanyfactors:thenatureofthesoil,exposuretosunandwind,regularityofprecipitation,chancecolonizations,andmanyotherrandomprocesses.

Thefinalstageofasuccession,calledtheclimaxbyClementsandearlyecologists,islikewisenotpredictableorofuniformcomposition.Thereisusuallyagooddealofturnoverinspeciescomposition,eveninamaturecommunity.Thenatureoftheclimaxisinfluencedbythesamefactorsthatinfluencedsuccession.Nevertheless,maturenaturalenvironmentsareusuallyinequilibrium.Theychangerelativelylittlethroughtimeunlesstheenvironmentitselfchanges.

ForClements,theclimaxwasa"superorganism,"anorganicentity.EvensomeauthorswhoacceptedtheclimaxconceptrejectedClements1characterizationofitasasuperorganism,anditisindeedamisleadingmetaphor.Anantcolonymaybelegitimatelycalledasuperorganismbecauseitscommunicationsystemissohighlyorganizedthatthecolonyalwaysworksasawholeandappropriatelyaccordingtothecircumstances.Butthereisnoevidenceforsuchaninteractingcommunicativenetworkinaclimaxplantformation.Manyauthorsprefertheterm"association"totheterm"community"inordertostresstheloosenessoftheinteraction.

Evenlessfortunatewastheextensionofthistypeofthinkingtoincludeanimalsaswellasplants.Thisresultedinthe"biome,"acombinationofcoexistingfloraandfauna.Thoughitistruethatmanyanimalsarestrictlyassociatedwithcertainplants,itismisleadingtospeakofa"spruce-moosebiome,"forexample,becausethereisnointernalcohesiontotheirassociationasinanorganism.Thesprucecommunityisnotsubstantiallyaffectedbyeitherthepresenceorabsenceofmoose.Indeed,therearevastareasofspruceforestwithoutmoose.TheoppositiontotheClementsianconceptofplantecologywasinitiatedbyHerbertGleason,soonjoinedbyvariousotherecologists.Theirmajorpointwasthatthedistributionofagivenspecieswascontrolledbythehabitatrequirementsofthatspeciesandthatthereforethevegetationtypeswereasimpleconsequenceoftheecologiesofindividualplantspecies.

1.Ecologyhadbeenrootedin（）beforeitgrewintoanindependentscience.

2.AccordingtoFredericClements,（）afteravolcaniceruption,heavyflood,orforestfire.

3.Successionisinfluencedbythefollowingfactorsexcept（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabout“climax”,accordingtothepassage?

5.Theconceptof"biome"wouldemphasizethat（）.

問題1選項

A.communityecology

B.thescienceofspecies

C.thestudyofcommunitystructure

D.naturalhistoryandplantgeography

問題2選項

A.onlylight-lovingspeciescangrow

B.plantcommunitiescandevelop

C.forestscanhardlysurvive

D.fewplantscangrow

問題3選項

A.regularrainfalls

B.chancecolonizations

C.exposuretosun

D.natureofthesoil

問題4選項

A.Itsnatureisinfluencedbythesamefactorsthatinfluencedsuccession.

B.Itchangesrelativelylittlethroughtimeatmaturity.

C.Itisahighlyinteractingcommunicativenetwork.

D.Itisthefinalstageofasuccession.

問題5選項

A.animalsandplantsdonotsubstantiallyaffecteachother

B.plantcommunitiesalwaysrelyoncoexistinganimalstosurvive

C.thereisinternalcohesionintheassociationofanimalswithplants

D.thedistributionofagivenspeciesiscontrolledbythehabitatrequirements

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第一段“Inthelatenineteenthcentury,ecologybegantogrowintoanindependentsciencefromitsrootsinnaturalhistoryandplantgeography”可知，19世紀后期，生態(tài)學從其自然歷史和植物地理學的根源開始成長為一門獨立的科學。由此可判斷本題正確答案為D選項。A選項表示“社區(qū)生態(tài)學”，B選項表示“物種學科”，C選項表示“社區(qū)結構的研究”。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問：根據(jù)FredericClements的理論，在火山爆發(fā)、洪水或森林大火之后……。根據(jù)題干關鍵信息定位到原文第一段第三句“asuccessionofplantcommunitieswoulddevelopafteradisturbancesuchasavolcaniceruption,heavyflood,orforestfire”可知，一系列的植物群落會在火山爆發(fā)、洪水或者森林火災后形成。因此本題正確答案為B選項。A選項表示“只有喜光的物種才能生長”，C選項表示“森林很難生存”，D選項表示“很少植物能生長”。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到原文第二段最后一句“Successionisinfluencedbymanyfactors:thenatureofthesoil,exposuretosunandwind,regularityofprecipitation,chancecolonizationsandmanyotherrandomprocesses”可知，生態(tài)演替受到多種因素的影響：土壤土質、暴露到陽光和風中、降水的規(guī)律性、定居生長的機會以及許多其它隨機過程。因此本題正確答案為A選項。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問：根據(jù)文章可知，下面關于“climax”的表述哪個選項是不正確的?由原文第三段第一句“Thefinalstageofasuccession,calledtheclimaxbyClementsandearlyecologists,islikewisenotpredictableorofuniformcomposition.”可知，“climax”指的是生態(tài)演替的最后一個階段——頂級群落。可判斷D選項正確。由原文第三段第二句“Thereisusuallyagooddealofturnoverinspeciescomposition,eveninamaturecommunity.”可知，即使在一個成熟的群落中，物種組成通常也有很大的變化，可判斷B選項錯誤。由第三段第三句“Thenatureoftheclimaxisinfluencedbythesamefactorsthatinfluencedsuccession”可知，影響生態(tài)演替的因素同樣也影響頂級群落的性質，可判斷A選項表述正確。由第四段第三句“Anantcolonymaybelegitimatelycalledasuperorganismbecauseitscommunicationsystemissohighlyorganizedthatthecolonyalwaysworksasawholeandappropriatelyaccordingtothecircumstances”可知，一個蟻群可能被合法地稱為頂級群落，因為它的交流系統(tǒng)是高度組織化的，由此可判斷C選項正確。綜上所述，本題正確答案為B選項。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問：“生態(tài)群系”的概念強調的是……。根據(jù)題干關鍵信息“biome”可定位到原文最后一段，根據(jù)“acombinationofcoexistingfloraandfauna”可知，“biome”是指共生的動植物群的組合。由最后一段最后一句“Theirmajorpointwasthatthedistributionofagivenspecieswascontrolledbythehabitatrequirementsofthatspecies”可知，一種特定物種的分布是由該物種的棲息地需求控制的，由此可判斷，本題正確答案為D選項。A選項表示“動物和植物之間沒有實質性的相互影響”，B選項表示“植物群落總是依靠共存的動物生存”，C選項表示“在動物與植物的聯(lián)系中有一種內在的凝聚力”。

13.單選題

The______ofthewordisunknown,butitiscertainlynotfromGreek.

問題1選項

A.origin

B.generation

C.decent

D.cause

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞。A選項origin“起源，來源”，指事物開始出現(xiàn)的始點或其來源與出處；B選項generation“一代，產(chǎn)生”；C選項decent“正派的，得體的”，為形容詞；D選項cause“原因，起因”，指某事件、后果等的起因。句意：這個詞的起源是未知的，但肯定不是來自希臘語。

14.單選題

Theactivists’energeticworkintheserviceofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovementinthelatenineteenthcentury______theassertionthatthetwomovementswereinimical.

問題1選項

A.diffuses

B.undermines

C.supports

D.underscores

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項diffuse“擴散，傳播”，B項undermine“逐漸削弱（信心、權威等），漸漸破壞”，C項support“支持，幫助，支撐”，D項underscore“強調，劃線于……下”。根據(jù)句子可知，句子缺少一個謂語動詞，由Theactivists’energeticworkintheserviceofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovement（積極分子為婦女選舉權和禁酒運動所做的積極工作）和theassertionthatthetwomovementswereinimical（這兩個運動是敵對的斷言）可判斷，這兩者的關系是“削弱”，B項符合。句意：19世紀晚期，積極分子為婦女選舉權和禁酒運動所做的積極工作削弱了這兩個運動是敵對的論斷。因此，該題選擇B項。

15.單選題

Thetravelagencyhasafullprogramof（）,iftouristswishtovisitlocalplacesofinterest.

問題1選項

A.expeditions

B.excursions

C.explorations

D.propositions

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果游客想游覽當?shù)氐拿麆俟袍E，旅行社有一套完整的短途旅行計劃。

考查名詞辨析。expedition遠征，探險;excursion遠足，短程旅行;exploration探測；proposition命題，提議。根據(jù)“當?shù)氐拿麆俟袍E”可知四個選項中，B項正確。

16.單選題

Thelanguageexpertsbelievethatthe（

）ageforlearningaforeignlanguageis6yearsold.

問題1選項

A.conceptual

B.considerate

C.optimal

D.component

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:語言專家相信學一門外語最佳的年齡是6歲。

conceptual概念上的。considerate體貼的；體諒的；考慮周到的optimal最佳的；最理想的。component組成的，構成。

17.單選題

Wehadintendedtotalkaboutwork,but（

）startedtotalkaboutfootball.

問題1選項

A.continuously

B.unwittingly

C.permanently

D.consistently

【答案】B

【解析】考察副詞詞義辨析。continuously“繼續(xù)地”；unwittingly“不知不覺地”；permanently“永久地”；consistently“一致地”。句意：我們原意是打算談論工作的，但是不知不覺就談到了足球。選項B符合題意。

18.單選題

Onlyonceinawhile（）anovellikethat.

問題1選項

A.theloverofbookscomesabout

B.theloverofbookscomesacross

C.doestheloverofbookscomeacross

D.doestheloverofbookscome

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒裝。Only位于句首，句子需要倒裝，由此可首先排除選項A和選項B；再根據(jù)句意：愛書的人只有偶爾才會遇到這樣的小說。comeacross意為“偶遇，無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)”，選項C符合語境。

19.單選題

CornoriginatedintheNewWorldandthuswasnotknowninEuropeuntilColumbusfoundit_____inCuba.

問題1選項

A.beingcultivated

B.beencultivated

C.havingcultivated

D.cultivating

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：玉米原產(chǎn)于新大陸，因此直到哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)古巴在種植玉米，歐洲才知道它的存在。it指玉米，根據(jù)玉米被種植確定用被動語態(tài)，排除C、D選項；在until引導的時間狀語從句中，it是賓語，橫線到句尾是賓補，強調被種植的狀態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式，A選項beingcultivated符合題意。B選項beencultivated用法錯誤。因此A選項正確。

20.單選題

Thestudentsaidtherewereafewpointsintheessayhe（

）impossibletocomprehend.

問題1選項

A.hadfound

B.finds

C.hasfound

D.wouldfind

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這位學生稱自己覺得這篇文章中有幾點難以理解。

語法題?？疾檫^去完成吋態(tài)。句中“said”表示一般過去時,句中后面的動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，故使用過去完成時態(tài)的A項“hadfound”正確。

21.單選題

Sincehisinjurywasserious,thedoctorsuggestedthathe（）inthegame.

問題1選項

A.didnotplay

B.mustnotplay

C.notplay

D.nottoplay

【答案】C

【解析】suggest表建議時用虛擬語氣，用should+動詞原形，should可省略，所以選項C正確。

22.單選題

Wemustlivewiththeknowledgethatalllivingcreaturesare___.

問題1選項

A.moral

B.fierce

C.fatal

D.mortal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項moral“道德的；精神上的；品性端正的”；B選項fierce“兇猛的；猛烈的；暴躁的”；C選項fatal“致命的；重大的；毀滅性的；命中注定的”；D選項mortal“凡人的；致死的；終有一死的；不共戴天的”。句意：我們必須認識到，所有生物都是終有一死的。故選D。

23.單選題

IworkedsolateintheofficelastnightthatIhardlyhadtime______thelastbus.

問題1選項

A.tohavecaught

B.tocatch

C.catching

D.havingcaught

【答案】B

【解析】考查目的狀語。在整個句子中，過去時態(tài)體現(xiàn)在謂語動詞上，根據(jù)語境，沒有時間趕上最后一班公交車，表明橫線部分為目的狀語，不需要體現(xiàn)時態(tài)，所以A選項tohavecaught和D選項havingcaught不符合題意，同時sb.havetime后面的目的狀語用todo，所以B選項tocatch符合題意。C選項catching表示伴隨狀態(tài)，不符合題意。因此B選項正確。

24.不定項選擇題

TheAmericansnolongerexpectpublicfigures,whetherinspeechorinwriting,tocommandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift.Nordotheyaspiretosuchcommandthemselves.Inhislatestbooks,DoingOurOwnThing,TheDegradationofLanguageandMusicandWhyWeShouldLike,Care,JohnMcWhorter,alinguistandcontroversialistofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seesthetriumphof1960s’counter-cultureasresponsibleforthedeclineofformalEnglish.Butthecultoftheauthenticandthepersonal,“doingourownthing”,hasspeltthedeathofformalspeech,writing,poetryandmusic.Whileeventhemodestlyeducatedsoughtanelevatedtonewhentheyputpentopaperbeforethe1960s,eventhemostwellregardedwritingsincethenhassoughttocapturespokenEnglishonthepage.Equally,inpoetry,thehighlypersonal,performativegenreistheonlyformthatcouldclaimrealliveliness.InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft.

Illustratedwithanentertainingarrayofexamplesfrombothhighan