考研考博-英語-四川鐵道職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川鐵道職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Japanisoneofonlythreecountriesthatnowhuntwhalesand（

）thegovernmentsaysitisanimportantculturaltradition.

問題1選項

A.that

B.which

C.whose

D.where

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法知識。題干中and表示并列關(guān)系，連接兩個并列的定語從句修飾先行詞countries。后一定語從句的主語thegovernment與先行詞countries不等同，并且由于有定冠詞the，所以關(guān)系詞不能是whose，而只能是表地點的關(guān)系副詞where。句意：日本是目前僅有的三個捕鯨國家之一，日本政府表示，捕鯨是一項重要的文化傳統(tǒng)。因此D選項符合題意。

2.單選題

Althoughheisveryrich,hisundutifulchildrenarethe______ofhislife.

問題1選項

A.torch

B.torment

C.topic

D.topper

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項torch“火把、火炬”；B項torment“折磨、痛苦”；C項topic“主題”；D項topper“第一流人物、大禮帽”；句意：雖然他很有錢，但他那些不孝順的孩子是他生活中的折磨。因此該題B項正確。

3.單選題

Ingeneral,theeffectsofradiationcanbedividedintothosewhichaffecttheindividualsexposedandthosewhichaffecttheir（）.

問題1選項

A.succession

B.descendants

C.descent

D.successors

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項succession“繼任，繼承”；B選項descendant“后代，晚輩”；C選項descent“下降，血統(tǒng)，襲擊”；D選項successor“繼承人”。根據(jù)individual可知，空格處應(yīng)填入某一或某類人物，故A、C選項不符合題意，排除。successor一般是說某個家庭的繼承人，而descendant泛指人類的子孫后代，所以本題選B更加貼切。句意：總的來說，輻射的危害可以分為對輻射接收者本人的影響以及對其子孫后代的影響。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項。

4.單選題

Hewould,wheninoffice,（）thatallsecretdatabemadepublic.

問題1選項

A.secure

B.ensure

C.assure

D.certify

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。secure“保護;弄到”；ensure“確保;保證”；assure“使（某人）確信（某事）；使信服，使相信”；certify“證明”。只有B項符合題意。句意：當(dāng)他執(zhí)政時，他會確保所有機密數(shù)據(jù)都要公布于眾。

5.單選題

Increased（）canreleasetheworkersforothertasks.

問題1選項

A.efficiency

B.effect

C.effectiveness

D.effort

【答案】A

【解析】句意：提高工作效率可以使工人們有更多的時間做其他的任務(wù)。選項A符合語境。

6.單選題

Agricultureisthecountry’schiefsourceofwealth,wheat（）byfarthebiggestcerealcrop.

問題1選項

A.is

B.been

C.be

D.being

【答案】D

【解析】語法題——考查獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。前半句“Agricultureisthecountry’schiefsourceofwealth”已經(jīng)是個完整的句子，后半句沒有關(guān)聯(lián)詞，所以不可能再出現(xiàn)動詞，排除A和C，而“小麥”和be之間是主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞being。句意：農(nóng)業(yè)是這個國家財富的主要來源，小麥?zhǔn)瞧駷橹棺畲蟮墓阮愖魑?。因此D選項正確。

7.單選題

They____themselves____thepoliticianbecausetheyhopedhewouldbecomepresidentoneday.Atlasthedid.

問題1選項

A.connected…with

B.combined…with

C.linked…with

D.attached…to

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.connected…with與某人有聯(lián)系B.combined…with使結(jié)合；兼有

C.linked…with把……連接起來；有聯(lián)系D.attached…to（~yourselftosb）和某人在一起，依附于某人

【答案】D

【考查點】語義銜接與短語辨析

【解題思路】空格部分語義為“____他們自己____政治家”，后文提到“因為希望他有一天能成為總統(tǒng)。最后他做到了?！庇纱送茢啵麄儜?yīng)該是跟隨有可能成為總統(tǒng)的政治家，D選項attached…to“（~yourselftosb）和某人在一起，依附于某人”符合要求；另外，原文的形式____themselves____thepolitician也與D選項的常用形式相符合。因此，本題最佳選項為D。

【干擾項排除】

A選項connected…with“與某人有聯(lián)系”，語義和形式?jīng)]有D選項恰當(dāng)；

B選項combined…with“使結(jié)合；兼有”，不符合原句語義銜接；

C選項linked…with“把……連接起來；有聯(lián)系”，語義和形式?jīng)]有D選項恰當(dāng)。

【句意】他們依附于那位政治家，因為他們希望他有一天能成為總統(tǒng)。最后他做到了。

8.單選題

Inappealingthecaseagain,youwilljustbekickingagainstthe（）.

問題1選項

A.pricks

B.balls

C.guns

D.winds

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項pricks“（v.）戳；扎破；（使）感到刺痛；（眼睛）發(fā)酸；（使）內(nèi)心痛苦；驅(qū)使；（使）耳朵豎起；（n.）扎；戳孔；沮喪；趕牛棒；笨蛋；穿刺；針刺感；卑鄙的人”；B選項balls“（n.）球；（v.）把……捏成球狀”；C選項guns“（n.）槍支；槍狀物；持槍歹徒；（v.）用槍射擊；加大油門快速前進；向……開槍；開大油門”；D選項wind“（n.）風(fēng)；呼吸；氣味；卷繞；（v.）纏繞；上發(fā)條；使彎曲；吹號角；繞住或纏住某人”。根據(jù)固定搭配kickagainstthepricks“以卵擊石；徒勞的抵抗”可知該題選pricks。句意：你再提起上訴，那是在以卵擊石。因此A選項正確。

9.單選題

Globalizationisaphenomenonthathasbeenaffectingcountriesandsocietiesforseveraldecades,buttheoutlineoftheglobalsystemhasonlyemergedwithsomeclarityrecently.Theriseofglobalmarketsandtheincreaseinspeedandvolumeofinternationaltransactionshasbroughtaboutadegreeofinterdependenceandco-operationineconomicmattersamongstatesthathasnotsofarbeenmatchedbyacorrespondingincreaseinrespectforandprotectionofhumanrightsanddemocracy.Indeed,manydemocraciesarestillfragile,andhavenotmadethetransitionfromviewingdemocraticpracticesasinstrumentaltohavingawidelysharedprincipledcommitmenttothedemocraticandconstitutionalframework.

Theriseofglobaleconomicnetworkshasledtoariseintheinfluenceofglobalactorssuchasmulti-nationalcorporations,globaleconomicbodiessuchastheWTO,theWorldBank,theIMFandregionaleconomicorganizations.Theseconstituteanewformofglobalgovernancewhosedirectivesandimperativesstatesfindincreasinglydifficulttoignore.Theestablishedinternationalpoliticalorganizationshavenotcomeclosetoreplicatingthiseffectiveness.

Predictionsthatthephenomenonofglobalizationwillresultinaloweringofhumanrightsstandardsasthemobilityofcapitalseeksoutthemarketsleastconstrainedbylaborandhumanrightsstandardstomaximizethehighestreturnsneednotbethecase.Theroleofhumanrightsorganizationsinthiscontextmustbetoensurethatglobalizationdrivesstandardsupnotdown,andtopresentthecasethatfreedomofexpressionandaccesstoofficialinformationarekeytosustainablehumanandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreventionofcorruption,whichinturnsupporttheconditionsnecessaryforsustainableeconomicgrowth.

Withthedemandforglobaltradetogohandinhandwithglobalresponsibilityinternationalfinancialinstitutionsarecomingunderincreasingpressuretoregulatetheglobaleconomynotsimplytofacilitateeconomicgrowth,buttopromotecompliancewithhumandevelopment,includinginternationalhumanrightsnorms.Multinationalcorporationshavealsobeenforcedtorecognizeadegreeofcorporatesocialresponsibilityintheareasinwhichtheyoperateandinthecommunitiesonwhichtheyhaveanimpact.Transparencyintheoperationsofsuchcompaniesisbecomingincreasinglyimportanttotheirgainingaccesstocapital.Theyaremoreandmoreaccountabletoshareholders,who,inturnareincreasinglydiffuseandnumerous.Thepursuitof“shareholdervalue”meansthatthereisscoretoensurethattheinvestor—citizenhasasayinthewaythatcompaniesconductthemselves.

Thetaskforthosepromotingfreeexpressionistoharnessnewtechnologiestochallengecensorship,andtoharnessthepowerandinfluenceofnewglobalactorstoensurethattheynotonlytaketheargumentsforfreeexpressiononboard,butbecomevocaladvocatesforsuchrights.

21.Allofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothefirstparagraphexcept（）.

22.Theunderlinedword“which”inthethirdparagraphrefersto（）.

23.Multinationalcorporationshavenotto（）.

24.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsabouttheglobalactorsisnottrue?

25.Whatisnotthepurposeofwritingthispassage?

問題1選項

A.globalizationhasbeendevelopingsystematicallyforseveraldecades

B.protectionofhumanrightshasn’tincreasedenoughtobecorrespondentwiththepresentsituation

C.democracyhasbeenfullydevelopedintheworld

D.manycountrieshasconstructedademocraticandconstitutionalframework

問題2選項

A.humanrightsorganizations

B.thepreventionofcorruption

C.sustainablehumanandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreventionofcorruption

D.freedomofexpressionandaccesstoofficialinformation

問題3選項

A.recognizeitssocialresponsibility

B.beresponsibletotheirshareholders

C.betransparentinoperation

D.beresponsibleinothercommunitiesinthesamearea

問題4選項

A.Theyarebecomingmoreandmoreinfluential.

B.Sometimestheycaninfluencethedecisionofacountry.

C.Theyarenotsoeffectiveastheinternationalpoliticalorganization.

D.WTOandIMFareincluded.

問題5選項

A.Topointoutthenegativeeffectsofglobalization.

B.Tobridlethepowerandinfluenceofglobalactors.

C.Tocalltheglobalactorsawarenessofhumanrights.

D.Toharnessnewtechnologiestochallengeexamination.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】21.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干要求，將信息點定位到原文第一段第二句Theriseofglobalmarketsandtheincreaseinspeedandvolumeofinternationaltransactionshasbroughtaboutadegreeofinterdependenceandco-operationineconomicmattersamongstatesthathasnotsofarbeenmatchedbyacorrespondingincreaseinrespectforandprotectionofhumanrightsanddemocracy.（全球市場的興起以及國際交易的速度提升和數(shù)量的增加，在各國之間的經(jīng)濟事務(wù)中帶來了一定程度的相互依賴和合作，而迄今為止，這些國家在尊重和保護人權(quán)與民主方面并沒有相應(yīng)的提升。），從而得出本題答案。

22.

事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干要求，定位到原文第三段最后一句Theroleofhumanrightsorganizationsinthiscontextmustbetoensurethatglobalizationdrivesstandardsupnotdown,andtopresentthecasethatfreedomofexpressionandaccesstoofficialinformationarekeytosustainablehumanandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreventionofcorruption,whichinturnsupporttheconditionsnecessaryforsustainableeconomicgrowth.（人權(quán)組織在這方面的作用必須是確保全球化提高而不是降低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并提出言論自由和獲得官方資料是可持續(xù)的人力和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和防止腐敗的關(guān)鍵，而這反過來又支持可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟增長所必需的條件。）從而得出本題答案。

23.

細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Multinationalcorporations”定位到原文第四段。選項A與第四段第二句中的recognizeadegreeofcorporatesocialresponsibility對應(yīng)；選項B與原文第四段第四句中的moreandmoreaccountabletoshareholders；選項C與原文第四段第三句中的Transparencyintheoperations對應(yīng)。選項D的表述不對，因為文中對需負(fù)責(zé)任的團體的限定是onwhichtheyhaveanimpact。即可得出本題答案。

24.

細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干要求定位到原文第二段，由第二段第一句Theriseofglobaleconomicnetworkshasledtoariseintheinfluenceofglobalactors.（全球經(jīng)濟網(wǎng)絡(luò)的崛起導(dǎo)致了全球參與者影響力的上升。）可知A正確；由第二段第二句可知選項B正確；D很顯然也是正確的。而通過最后一句“Theestablishedinternationalpoliticalorganizationshavenotcomeclosetoreplicatingthiseffectiveness”說明，國際政治組織沒有經(jīng)濟組織有效力。可判斷選項C與原文不符，即可得出本題答案。

25.

主旨大意題。通讀全文，可知作者并未提及全球化的負(fù)面影響。從而得出本題答案。

10.單選題

Thoughshewasnotaprofessionalwriter,shebecamean（

）memberoftheWriter’sAssociation.

問題1選項

A.honour

B.honourable

C.honoured

D.honorary

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。honour“榮譽”；honourable“誠實的，正直的”；honoured“榮幸的”；honorary“名譽的”。句意：盡管她不是職業(yè)作家，她還是成為了作協(xié)的名譽會員。D項符合題意，答案D

11.單選題

ThefullimpactoftheInternetrevolutionwillonlybecomeapparentinthefuture,asmoretechnologicalchangeis（）thatcanbarelybeimaginedandhardlyanticipated.

問題1選項

A.onahorizon

B.onthehorizon

C.atahorizon

D.atthehorizon

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配onethehorizon“即將來臨”，排除A、C和D選項。句意：更多的技術(shù)變革即將到來，這幾乎是無法想象和預(yù)料的。選項B符合題意。

12.單選題

Ifyouneedanextrabedforyourguest,youcanuse（）

問題1選項

A.oneofours

B.oneofus

C.oneofour

D.oneofour's

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞所有格。句意：假如你需要一張多的床給你的客人,

你可以使用我們的。這里的ours是名詞性物主代詞,

指代“床”,

表達(dá)為ours,

選項D表達(dá)錯誤,

所以本題選A。

13.單選題

Sadly,asspendingonprivategardenshas（）,spendingonpublicparkshasgenerallydeclined.

問題1選項

A.heightened

B.lifted

C.flown

D.soared

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項heighten“提高，升高”；B選項lift“舉起，抬高”；C選項flow“流動，流通”；D選項soar“急升，激增”。句意：悲哀的是，隨著私人花園的支出飆升，公共公園的支出普遍下降。填空處填入的應(yīng)該是和declined相反的單詞，所以選項D符合語境。

14.單選題

AdetailedandthoroughresearchprojectundertakenbytheOpenUniversityrecentlyreportedthattheirevidenceappearstoshowthatcompetitionbetweennearbyschoolsdoesnotsignificantlyimproveacademicstandards.Indeed,theirreportinclinestotheoppositeoutcome;theexamresultsmayactuallydeclinewherecompetitionisfiercest.

Whenthefurthereducationsectorwas"privatized"afewyearsago,competitionbetweencollegesbecametrulyfierce,atleastinurbanareaswherepotentialstudentscouldchoosebetweenseveralofthem.Collegesappointedhighlypaidmarketingdirectorsandgavethemlargebudgets;someeven"bribed."interestedstudentswithpromisesofhundredsofpoundsiftheycompletedcertaincoursessatisfactorily.

FullycompetitivemarketsbeingaphilosophicalfoundationofBritain'srecentgovernments,itwasnosurprisetohearclaimsthatmanyeducationaldevelopmentsofthe1990swouldmoveustowardsafreemarketinsecondaryeducationgivingyoungstersandtheirparentsafreechoiceofwheretostudy.However,thesecondarysectordidnotbecomeparticularlycompetitivewhile,admittedly,theconsumershavebeengivenmoreinformation,whichisoneaspectofatrulyfreemarket.Itisveryrarethattwonearbyschoolswithatleastsomeemptyplacesaresimilarenoughtobecomparableyetdifferentenoughtoberankable;onlywherethatoccurscantherebetruecompetition.

TheOpenUniversityresearchwasprobablynotflawedbutitsconclusionsare.Thisisbecausetheteamdidnotreallycompareareashavingtruecompetition（asjustdefineD.withareasthatdonot.

But,letusallbreatheasighofrelief.Secondaryschoolshadstartedoflatetomoveinthemarketingdirection——consideringallocatingscarceresourcesofstaffandmoneytopersuadingthepupilsthattheirschoolsarethebestinthearea.Noschoolscouldaffordtodothatproperly,soitisarelieftorealizethisresearchtellsuswedon'thaveto.

Competition?Wehaven'tgottimeforit!Let'sspendoursmallbudgetinteachingandlearning,notincompetingandmarketing.

1.Itisindicatedinthepassagethatcompetitionbetweenschoolsresultsin（）.

2.Realcompetitioncanhappenonlywhen（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,thefreemarketinsecondaryeducation（）.

4.Theauthorofthepassagefeelsrelievedthat（）.

5.Whatmightbetheauthor'sattitudetowardscompetitionsbetweennearbyschools?

問題1選項

A.higherenrollmentrate

B.loweracademicstandard

C.highermarketingexpenses

D.privatizationoffurthereducation

問題2選項

A.academicstandardisimproved

B.therearecomparableschoolswithdifferenteducationalqualities

C.studentshavedifferentinterests

D.schoolsofallareashavesufficientbudgetfortheirdevelopment

問題3選項

A.onlyprovidesconsumerswithmoreinformation

B.ismorecompetitivethanthehighereducationmarket

C.meanstherewillbemoreintensivecompetitionthanincolleges

D.isarealsurprisetoBritain'srecentgovernment

問題4選項

A.secondaryschoolshavetomarketthemselves

B.mostsecondaryschoolshavescarceresourcesofstaffandmoney

C.theresearchbyOpenUniversityprovesthatmostsecondaryschoolsarethebestinitsarea

D.schoolsneedn'tprovethattheyarethebest

問題5選項

A.Theauthorisinfavorofvariouskindsofcompetition.

B.Theauthorisindifferenttoanycompetitionanditsresult.

C.Theauthorisnotcertainoftheeffectofcompetitions.

D.Theauthorisagainstinter-collegiatecompetitions.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段“AdetailedandthoroughresearchprojectundertakenbytheOpenUniversityrecentlyreportedthattheirevidenceappearstoshowthatcompetitionbetweennearbyschoolsdoesnotsignificantlyimproveacademicstandards.Indeed,theirreportinclinestotheoppositeoutcome;theexamresultsmayactuallydeclinewherecompetitionisfiercest.”大學(xué)進行的一項詳細(xì)而徹底的研究項目最近報告顯示，他們的證據(jù)似乎表明，附近學(xué)校之間的競爭并沒有顯著提高學(xué)術(shù)水平。事實上，他們的報告傾向于相反的結(jié)果;在競爭最激烈的地方，考試成績實際上可能會下降。可知學(xué)校之間的競爭會導(dǎo)致學(xué)術(shù)水平的降低。故B項正確。

2.判斷推理題。由題干定位到第三段"Itisveryrarethattwonearbyschoolswithatleastsomeemptyplacesaresimilarenoughtobecomparableyetdifferentenoughtoberankable;onlywherethatoccurscantherebetruecompetition."附近有兩所學(xué)校（之間至少有一些空地間隔開來）相似到足以進行比較，但不同到足以排名，這種情況是非常罕見的。只有在這種情況下，才會有真正的競爭。據(jù)此可知B項“當(dāng)兩所學(xué)校的具有不同的教育質(zhì)量并且兩所學(xué)校大致相當(dāng)?shù)臅r候，才有真正的競爭?！斌w現(xiàn)了原文中的“相似到足以比較，但又有不同之處”。故B項正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段However,thesecondarysectordidnotbecomeparticularlycompetitivewhile,admittedly,theconsumershavebeengivenmoreinformation,whichisoneaspectofatrulyfreemarket.然而，第二部門并沒有變得特別有競爭力，同時不可否認(rèn)，消費者得到了更多的信息，這是一個真正自由市場的一個方面?？芍狝項“中等教育的自由市場給消費者提供了更多信息”正確。B項“中等教育的自由市場比高等教育市場更有競爭力”和C項“中等教育的自由市場意味著大學(xué)將有更激烈的競爭”原文沒有提到。D項“中等教育的自由市場讓英國現(xiàn)行政府很驚訝”與文中“itwasnosurprisetohearclaimsthatmanyeducationaldevelopmentsofthe1990swouldmoveustowardsafreemarketinsecondaryeducation”這并不令人意外聽到這樣的觀點：上世紀(jì)90年代的許多教育發(fā)展將推動我們走向中等教育的自由市場…不符。故A項正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到倒數(shù)第二段“But,letusallbreatheasighofrelief.Secondaryschoolshadstartedoflatetomoveinthemarketingdirection——consideringallocatingscarceresourcesofstaffandmoneytopersuadingthepupilsthattheirschoolsarethebestinthearea.Noschoolscouldaffordtodothatproperly,soitisarelieftorealizethisresearchtellsuswedon'thaveto.但是，讓我們都松一口氣吧。中學(xué)最近才開始向市場營銷方向發(fā)展--考慮分配稀缺的人力資源和資金來說服學(xué)生，使其相信他們的學(xué)校是該地區(qū)最好的。沒有一所學(xué)校能負(fù)擔(dān)得起這樣做，因此，當(dāng)我們意識到這項研究告訴我們不必這樣做時，我們松了一口氣。”可知作者松了一口氣的原因是研究表明學(xué)校不必證明自己是最好的。答案D

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段“Competition?Wehaven'tgottimeforit!Let'sspendoursmallbudgetinteachingandlearning,notincompetingandmarketing.”競爭?我們沒時間了!讓我們把我們的小預(yù)算花在教學(xué)上，而不是競爭和營銷上。由此可知作者對競爭是持反對態(tài)度的。D項正確。

15.單選題

Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.Stress,asyouhaveseen,canbebroughtonbyphysicalevent,otherpeople’sbehavior,socialsituations,ourownbehavior,feelings,thoughts,oranythingthatresultsinheightenedbodilyawareness.Inmanycases,whenyouexperiencepain,anger,fear,ordepression,theseemotionsarearesponsetoastressfulsituationlikeconflict.

Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.

Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.Somepeoplehandlebothbetterthanothersdo.Individualdifferencesarenotasimportantaslearninghowtomanagethestresswefeel.Thegoalinstressmanagementisselfcontrol,particularlyinthefaceofstressfulevents.

Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.Sitinacomfortablepositioninaquietplacewheretherearenodistractions.Closeyoureyesandpaynoattentiontotheoutsideworld.Concentrateonlyonyourbreathing.Slowlyinhaleandexhale.Now,witheachexhaledbreathsay“relax”gentlyandpassively.Makeitarelaxingexperience.Ifyouusethismethodtohelpyouinconflictsituationsoveraperiodoftime,theword“relax”willbecomeassociatedwithasenseofphysicalcalm;sayingitinastressfulsituationwillhelpinduceasenseofpeace.

Controllingyourthoughtisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Yourmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.

Everythingseemslife-threateninginmomentofpanic;thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

1.Themainpointofthisreadingisthat（

）.

2.Controllingyourthoughtalwaysinvolves

（

）.

3.Humanresponsetostressis

（

）.

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthesectionisto

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsincludedinthesectionmostdirectlysupportsthewriter’sviewthatstressitcontrollable?

問題1選項

A.stressisanimbalanceofinternalandexternaldemands.

B.controllingphysicalreactionsandthoughtsisaneffectivemeansofmanagingstress

C.relaxationisthekeytosuccessfulstressmanagement

D.stressmanagementrequiresaproblem-solvingapproach

問題2選項

A.consideringthesituationinalternativeviewpoints

B.visualizingyourselfmanagingthestress

C.relaxationtechniquestoemanatephysicalsymptoms

D.asenseofbeingoverwhelmedbythesituation

問題3選項

A.universal

B.variableaccordingtosex

C.unchanging

D.individual

問題4選項

A.explaintherelationshipbetweenstressandconflict

B.instructthereaderhowtocontrolstress

C.describerelaxationtechniques

D.persuadethereadertoreducestressthroughbreathing

問題5選項

A.Thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

B.Stressisanimbalancebetweendemands.

C.Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflict,justastheyresponddifferentlytostress.

D.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。本文主要講了壓力管理，以及應(yīng)對壓力管理的兩種方式——身體反應(yīng)控制與思維控制。因此選B，控制身體反應(yīng)和思維是管理壓力的有效手段。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Yourmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.（也就是說，你必須考慮其他觀點。你當(dāng)前的觀點是造成壓力的原因！你也必須避免過分重視這件事）因此選A，考慮替代觀點的情況。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.（人們對沖突的反應(yīng)不同，正如他們對壓力的反應(yīng)也不同）可知選D，人類對壓力的反應(yīng)是個體的。

第4題:主旨大意題。由第一題以及文章大意，可知作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了介紹壓力管理的方法，因此選B。

第5題:觀點態(tài)度題。題干：以下哪一項包括在最直接支持作者的觀點的部分中，強調(diào)它是可控的？作者認(rèn)為壓力管理可以通過身體反應(yīng)控制與思維控制來進行，因此D選項“成功的管理壓力需要思維的靈活性”符合題意。

16.單選題

Thisprojectwould（

）ahugeincreaseindefensespending.

問題1選項

A.result

B.assure

C.entail

D.accomplish

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:這個項目必須要在國防上的開支。

Result導(dǎo)致;assure保證,使某人相信;entail使是必需的;accomplish完成,實現(xiàn)(目標(biāo))，多用于完成某項任務(wù)或目標(biāo)。因此C項符合句意。

17.單選題

Theslowpaceofjobcreationwaswithoutprecedentfortheperiodonrecoveryfromarecession,buttheconditionsthatconspiredtocausetherecessionwerealso_______.

問題1選項

A.heartening

B.fascinating

C.ambiguous

D.atypical

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項heartening“鼓舞人心的”；B選項fascinating“吸引人的”；C選項ambiguous“不明確的；模棱兩可的”；D選項atypical“不合規(guī)則的”。句意：在從衰退中復(fù)蘇的時期，創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會的緩慢步伐史無前例，但導(dǎo)致衰退的條件也______。根據(jù)also得出在把創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會的步伐和導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟衰退的條件相提并論，所以答案和withoutprecedent“史無前例”相對應(yīng)，atypical“不合規(guī)則的”符合題意。因此D選項正確。

18.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed45minutestowriteashortessayofabout300wordsfollowingthepicturegivenbelow:(1)Describethepicture.(2)Giveyouropinion.WritetheessayontheANSWERSHEET(2)only.

【答案】Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,anoldfatherissittingaloneinsofA.Therearetwobirthdaygiftsfromhisoldestsonandsecondson,butnochildrenkeepcompanywiththeoldman.

Thepicturereflectsacommonsocialphenomenonfromanangle—peopletendtocaremoreforthenextgeneration,andregretfully,notafewyoungcouplesneglecttoshowthesameconcernovertheiroldparents,andsomeofthemeventreattheiroldparentsbadly.

Frommypointofview,whatwecandoisstrikeabetterbalancebetweenthetwopoles:thechildrenandtheparents.Torespectandtakegoodcareofoldparentsisourdueresponsibility,whichhasbeenahighlyprizedvirtueamongtheChineseforovertwothousandyears.Ontheonehand,wearesupposedtoplanthetimewisely.Afterspendingmostoftimeonschoolassignmentsandhomework,wecanspendonehourortwoontheInternetaweek.Asahighschoolstudent,toomuchtimespentonlinewillleadtofailureinexams.Busyasweare,weshouldbynomeansneglecttoofferouroldparentsmaterialandemotionalsupports.Ontheotherhand,weareexpectedtoofferhelpstoourparentsratherthanwaitfortheirasking.Moreimportant,weshouldbealwaysreadytotalkwithourparents,whichcaneasetheirmindsandremovestheworries.Onlyinthiswaycanaharmoniousatmospherebecreatedinthefamilylife.Lastly,weshouldalwaysrememberthatwhatyouhavedoneforyouroldparentsisnotonlyarepaymenttothem,butalsoagoodexampletoeducateyourownchildren.

Itisnotdifficultindoingtheseeasythings,orwewilllosethechancetolovethemforever.

19.單選題

Thesealaylikeanunbrokenmirrorallaroundthepine-girl,lonelyshoresofOrr’sIsland.Tall,kinglysprucesworetheirregalcrownsofconeshighinair,sparklingwithdiamondsofclearexudedgum;vastoldhemlocksofprimevalgrowthstooddarklingintheirforestshadows,theirbrancheshungwithlonghoarymoss;whilefeatherylarches,turnedtobrilliantgoldbyautumnfrosts,lightedupthedarkershadowsoftheevergreens.Itwasoneofthosehazy,calm,dissolvingdaysofIndiansummer,wheneverythingissoquietthatthefaintestkissoftheWaveonthebeachcanbeheard,andwhitecloudsseemtofaintintotheblueofthesky,andsoftswathingbandsofvioletvapormakeallearthlookdreamy,andgivetothesharp,clear-cutoutlinesofthenorthernlandscapeallthosemysteriesoflightandshadewhichimpartsuchtendernesstoItalianscenery.

Thefuneralwasover,thetreadofmanyfeet,bearingtheheavyburdenoftwobrokenlives,hadbeentothelonelygraveyard,andhadcomebackagain,eachfootsteplighterandmoreunconstrainedaseachonewenthiswayfromthegreatoldtragedyofDeathtothecommoncheerfulwalksoflife.

Thesolemnblackclockstoodswayingwithitseternal“tick-tock,tick-tock”inthekitchenofthebrownhouseonOrr’sIsland.Therewastherethatsenseofastillnessthatcanbefelt,suchassettlersdownonadwellingwhenanyofitsinmateshavepassedthroughitsdoorforthelasttime,togowhencetheyshallnotreturn.Thebestroomwasshutupanddarkened,withonlysomuchlightascouldfallthroughalittleheart-shapedholeinthewidow-shutter,forexceptonsolemnvisits,orprayer-meetings,orweddings,orfunerals,thatroomformednopartofthedailyfamilyscenery.

Thekitchenwascleanandample,withagreatopenfireplaceandwidestonehearth,andovenononeside,androwsofold-fashionedsplint-bottomedchairsagainstthewall.Atablescouredtosnowywhiteness,andalittlework-standwhereonlaytheBible,theMissionaryHerald,andtheWeeklyChristianMirror,beforenamed,formedtheprincipalfurniture.Onefeature,however,mustnotbeforgotten,agreatsea-chest,whichhadbeenthecompanionofZephaniahthroughallthecountriesoftheearth.Old,andbattered,andunsightlyityetreportsaidthattherewasgoodstorewithinofthatwhichmenforthemostpartrespectmorethananythingelse;andindeed,itprovedoftenwhenadeedofgracewastobedone,whenawomanwassuddenlymadeawidowinacoastgale,orafishing-smackwasrundowninthefrogsoffthebanks,leavinginsomeneighboringcottageafamilyoforphans,inallsuchcases,theopeningthissea-chestwasaneventofgoodomentothebereaved;forZephaniahhadalargeheartandalargehand,andwasapttotakeitoutfullofsilverdollarswhenonceitwentin.SotheArkoftheCovenantcouldnothavebeenlookedonwithmorereverencethantheneighborsusuallyshowedtoCaptainPennell’ssea-chest.

1.ThewriterdescribesOrr’sIslandina（）manner.

2.Accordingtothepassage,the“bestroom”（）

3.Fromthedescriptionofthekitchenwecaninferthatthehousebelongstopeoplewho（）.

4.Thepassageimpliesthat（）.

5.FromthedescriptionofZephaniahwecantellthathe（）

問題1選項

A.emotionallyappealing,imaginative

B.rational,logicallyprecise

C.factuallydetailed,objective

D.vague,uncertain

問題2選項

A.hasitsmanywindowsboardedup.

B.hashadthefurnitureremoved.

C.isusedonlyonformalandceremoniousoccasions.

D.isthebusiestroominthehouse.

問題3選項

A.neverhaveguests

B.likemodernreligious

C.probablyreligious

D.dislikehousework

問題4選項

A.fewpeopleattendedthefuneral

B.fishingisasecurevocation

C.theIslandisdenselypopulated

D.thehousebelongedtothedeceased

問題5選項

A.wasphysicallyaverybigman.

B.preferredthelonelylifeofasailor.

C.alwaysstayedathome.

D.wasfrugalandsavedalotofmoney.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。文章第一段作者在描寫奧爾島及周圍環(huán)境時，用了大量關(guān)乎情感色彩的形容詞和動詞加以述說，充分調(diào)動讀者的想象，引起感官上的共鳴。A選項“情感上