人教版高一英語必修二英語課文原文

FrederickWilliamI,theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom,whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.The|amberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney.Thedesignoftheroomwasinthefancystylepopularinthosedays.Itwasalsoatreasuredecoratedwithgoldandjewels,whichtookthecountry'sbestartistsabouttenyearstomake.Infact,theroomwasnotmadetobeagift.ItwasdesignedforthepalaceofFrederickI.However,thenextKingofPrussia,FrederickWilliamI,towhomtheamberroombelonged,decidednottokeepit.In1716hegaveittoPetertheGreat.Inreturn,theCzarsenthimatroopofhisbestsoldiers.SotheAmberRoombecausepartoftheCzar'swinterpalaceinStfourmetreslong,theroomservedasasmallreceptionhallforimportantvisitors.]Later,Catherine口hadtheAmberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.Shetoldherartiststoaddmoredetailstoit.In1770theroomwascompletedthewayshewanted.Almostsixhundredcandleslittheroom,anditsmirrorsandpicturesshonelikegold.Sadly,althoughtheAmberRoomwasconsideredoneofthewondersoftheworld,itisnowmissing.|InSeptember1941,theNaziarmywasnearStPetersburg.Thiswasatimewhenthetwocountrieswereatwar.BeforetheNaziscouldgettothesummerpalace,theRussianswereabletoremovesomefurnitureandsmallartobjectsfromtheAmberRoom.However,someoftheNazissecretlystoletheroomitself.Inlessthantwodays100,000pieceswereputinsidetwenty-sevenwooodenboxs.ThereisnodoubtthattheboxswerethenputonatrainforKonigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.Afterthat,what|happenedtotheAmberRoomremainsamystery.Recently,theRussiansandGermanshavebuiltanewAmberRoomatthesummerpalace.BystudyingoldphotosoftheformerAmberRoom,theyhavemadethenewonelookliketheoldone.In2003itwasreadyforthepeopleofStPetersburgwhentheycelebratedthe300thbirthdayoftheircity.]AFACTORANOPINIONWhatisafactIsitsomethingthatpeoplebelieveNo.Afactisanythingthatcanbeproved.Forexample,itcanbeprovedthatChinahasmorepeoplethananyothercountryintheworld.Thisisafact.ThenwhatisanopinionAnopinioniswhatsomeonebelievesistruebuthasnotbeenproved.Soanopinionisnotgoodevidenceina|trial.Forexample,itisanopinionifyousay“Catsarebetterpetsthandogs.Itmaybetrue,butitisdifficulttoprove.Somepeoplemaynotagreewiththisopinionbuttheyalsocannotprovethattheyareright.Inatrial,ajudgemustdecidewhicheyewitnessestobelieveandwhichnottobelieve.Thejudgedoesnotconsiderwhateacheyewitnesslookslikeorwherethatpersonlivesorworks.He/sheonlycaresaboutwhethertheeyewitnesshasgiventrueinformation,whichmustbefactsratherthanopinions.Thiskindofinformationiscalledevidence.Unit2ANINTERVIEWPausanias,whowasaGreekwriterabout2,000yearsago,hascomeonamagicaljourneyonMarch18th2007tofindoutaboutthe|present-dayOlympicGames.HeisnowinterviewingLiYan,avolunteerforthe2008OlympicGames.P:MynameisPausanias.Ilivedinwhatyoucall“AncientGreece"andIusedtowriteabouttheOlympicGamesalongtimeago.I'vecometoyourtimetofindoutaboutthepresent-dayOlympicGamesbecauseIknowthatin2004theywereheldinmyhomeland.MayIaskyousomequestionsaboutthemodernOlympicsL:Goodheavens!HaveyoureallycomefromsolongagoButofcourseyoucanaskanyquestionsyoulike.WhatwouldyouliketoknowP:HowoftendoyouholdyourGamesL:Everyfouryears.TherearetwomainsetsofGames-theWinterandSummerOlympics,andbothareheldeveryfouryearsonaregularbasis.TheWinterOlympicsareusuallyheldtwoyearsbeforetheSummerGames.Onlyathleteswhohavereachedtheagreedstandardfortheireventwillbeadmittedascompetitors.Theymaycomefromanywhereintheworld.P:WinterGamesHowcantherunnersenjoycompetinginwinterAndwhataboutthehorsesL:Ohno!Therearenorunningracesorhorseridingevents.Insteadtherearecompetitionslikeskiingandiceskatingwhichneedsnow|andice.That'swhythey'recalledtheWinterOlympics.It'sintheSummerOlympicsthatyouhavetherunningraces,togetherwithswimming,sailingandalltheteamsports.P:Isee.Earlieryousaidthatathletesareinvitedfromallovertheworld.DoyoumeantheGreekworldOurGreekcitiesusedtocompeteagainsteachotherjustforthehonourofwinning.Noothercountriescouldjoinin,norcouldslavesorwomen!L:Nowadaysanycountrycantakepartiftheirathletesaregoodenough.Thereareover250sportsandeachonhasitsownstandard.|Womenarenotonlyallowed,butplayaveryimportantroleingymnastics,athletics,teamsportsand???P:Pleasewaitaminute!Allthoseevents,allthosecountriesandevenwomentakingpart!WherearealltheathleteshousedL:ForeachOlympics,aspecialvillageisbuiltforthemtolivein,amainreceptionbuilding,severalstadiumsforcompetitions,anda |gymnasiumaswell.P:Thatsoundsveryexpensive.DoesanyonewanttohosttheOlympicGamesL:Asamatteroffact,everycountrywantstheopportunity.ItJsagreatresponsibilitybutalsoagreathonourtobechosen.TherHsasmuchcompetitionamongcountriestohosttheOlympicsastowinOlympicmedals.The2008OlympicswillbeheldinBeijing,China.DidyouknowthatP:Ohyes!Youmustbeveryproud.L:Certainly.Andafterthatthe2012OlympicswillbeheldinLondon.Theyhavealreadystartedplanningforit.AnewvillagefortheathletesandallthestadiumswillbebuilttotheeastofLondon.Newmedalswillbedesignedofcourseand???P:DidyousaymedalsSoeventheolivewreathhasbeenreplaced!Ohdear!DoyoucompeteforprizemoneytooL:No,wedon't.it'sstillallaboutbeingabletorunfaster,jumphigherandthrowfurther.That'sthemottooftheOlympics,youknow-“Swifter,HigherandStronger.wP:Well,that'sgoodnews.Howinteresting!Thankyousomuchforyourtime.THESTORYOFATLANTAAtlantawasaGreekprincess.ShewasverybeautifulandcouldrunfasterthananymaninGreece.Butshewasnotallowedtorunand|wingloryforherselfintheOlympicGames.Shewassoangrythatshesaidtoherfatherthatshewouldnotmarryanyonewhocouldnotrunfasterthanher.Herfathersaidthatshemustmarry,soAtlantamadeabargainwithhim.Shesaidtohim,"Thesearemyrules.Whenamansayshewantstomarryme,Iwillrunagainsthim.Ifhecannotrunasfastasme,hewillbekilled.Noonewillbepardoned."ManykingsandprinceswantedtomarryAtlanta,butwhentheyheardofrulestheyknewitwashopeless.Somanyofthemsadlywenthome,butothersstayedtoruntherace.TherewasamancalledHippomeneswhowasamazedwhenheheardofAtlanta'srules,"Whyarethesemensofoolish"hethought."Whywilltheyletthemselvesbekilledbecausetheycannotrunasfastasthisprincess"However,whenshesawAtlantacomeoutofherhousetorun,Hippomeneschangedhismind."IwillmarryAtlanta--ordie!"hesaid.Theracestartedandalthoughthemanranveryfast,Atlantaranfaster.AsHippomeneswatchedhethought,"HowcanIrunasfastasAtlanta"HewenttoasktheGreekGodnessofLoveforhelp.Shepromisedtohelphimandgavehimthreegoldenapples.Shesaid,"|ThrowanappleinfrontofAtlantawhensheisrunningpast.Whenshestopstopickitup,youwillbeabletorunastherandwin."HippomenestooktheapplesandwenttotheKing.Hesaid,"IwanttomarryAtlanta."TheKingwassadtoseeanothermandie,but |Hippomenessaid,"Iwillmarryher ordie!"Sotheracebegan.]Unit3WHOAMIOvertimeIhavebeenchangedquitealot.IbeganasacalculatingmachineinFrancein1642.AlthoughIwasyoungIcouldsimplify|difficultsums.IdevelopedveryslowlyandittooknearlytwohundredyearsbeforeIwasbuiltasananalyticalmachinebyCharles|Babbage.AfterIwasprogrammedbyanoperatorwhousedcardswithholes,Icould“think"logicallyandproduceananswerquickerthananyperson.Atthattimeitwasconsideredatechnologicalrevolutionandthestartofmyaartificialintelligence”.In1936myrealfather,AlanTuring,wroteabookabouthowIcouldbemadetoworkasa“universalmachine“tosolveanydifficultmathematicalproblem.Fromthenon,Igrewrapidlybothinsizeandinbrainpower.Bythe1949sIhadgrownaslargeasaroom,andIwonderedifIwouldgrowanylarger.However,thisrealityalsoworried|mydesigners.Astimewentby,aswasmakesmaller.FirstasaPC(personalcomputer)andthenasalaptop,Ihavebeenusedinofficesandhomessincethe1970s.Thesechangesonlybecamepossibleasmymemoryimproved.Firstitwasstoredintubes,thenontransistorsandlateronverysmall|chips.AsaresultItotallychangedmyshape.AsIhavegrownolderIhavealsogrownsmaller.Overtimemymemoryhasdevelopedso|muchthat,likeanelephant,IneverforgetanythingIhavebeentold!AndmymemorybecamesolargethatevenIcouldntbelieveit!ButIwasalwayssolonelystandingtherebymyself,untilinearly1960stheygavemeafamilyconnectedbyanetwork.Iwasabletoshare|myknowledgewithothersthroughtheWorldWideWeb.Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundformy.Ihavebecomeveryimportantincommunication,financeandtrade.I|havealsobeenputintorobotsandusedtomakemobilephonesaswellashelpwithmedicaloperations.IhaveevenbeenputintospacerocketsandsenttoexploretheMoonandMars.Anyhow,mygoalistoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighquality.Iamnowtrulyfilled|withhappinessthatIamadevotedfriendandhelperofthehumanrace!ANDYTHEANDROIDI'mpartofanandroidfootballteam.Aboutonceayearweareallowedtogettogethertoplayagameoffootball.Imasbigasahuman.Itfact,Ilooklikeonetoo.OnthefootballteamI'mastrikersoIhavetobeabletorunveryfast.Mycomputershipshelpmetomoveandthinklikeahuman.Forexample,IhavelearnedtosignaltomyteammatesincomputerlanguagetogivemetheballwhenIamopenandhaveagoodforagoal.MyfirstfootballcompetitionwasinNagoya,Japanseveralyearsago.LastyearourteamwenttoSeattle,WashingtonintheUSA.Wewonsecondplace.Personally,Ithinktheteamthatwonfirstplacecheated.Theyhaddevelopedanewtypeofprogramjustbeforethecompetition.Soweneedtoencourageourprogrammertoimproveourintelligencetoo.Wearedeterminedtocreateanevenbettersystem.Inawayourprogrammerislikeourcoach.Sheprogramsuswithallthepossiblemovesshehasseenwhilewatchinghumangames.Thenshepreparesreliablemovestouseifanewsituationarises.InthiswayIcanmakeupnewmovesusingmyaartificialintelligence”.Icouldliketoplayagainstahumanteam,forIhavebeenprogrammedtoactjustlikethem.Afterall,withthehelpofmyelectronicbrainwhichneverforgetsanything,usingmyintelligenceiswhatI'mallabout!Unit4HOWDAISYLEARNEDTOHELPWILDLIFEDaisyhadalwayslongedtohelpendangeredspeciesofwildlife.Onedayshewokeupandfoundaflyingcarpetbyherbed.Wheredoyouwanttogoitasked.Daisyrespondedimmediately.I'dliketoseesomeendangeredwildlife,“shesaid."PleasetakemetoadistantlandwhereIcanfindtheanimalthatgavefurtomakethissweater.AtoncethecarpetflewawayandtookhertoTibet.Thered103faisysawandantelopelookingsad.Itsaid,"We'rebeingkilledforthewoolbeneathourstomachs.Ourfurisbeingusedtomakesweatersforpeoplelikeyou.Asaresult,wearenowanendangeredspecies.AtthatDaisycried,"I'msorryIdidn'tknowthat.Iwonderwhatisbeingdonetohelpyou.Flyingcarpet,pleaseshowmeaplacewherethere'ssomewildlifeprotection.”TheflyingcarpettraveledsofastthatnextminutetheywereinZimbabwe.Daisyturnedaroundandfoundthatshewasbeingwatchedbyandelephant."Haveyoucometotakemyphoto“itasked.InreliefDaisyburstintolaughter."Don'tlaugh,“saidtheelephant,“Weusedtobeanendangeredspecies.Farmershunteduswithoutmercy.Theysaidwedestroyedtheirfarms,andmoneyfromtouristsonlywenttothelargetourcompanies.Sothegovernmentdecidedtohelp.Theyallowedtouriststohuntonlyacertainnumberofanimalsif|theypaidthefarmers.Nowthefarmersarehappyandournumbersareincreasing.Sogoodthingsarebeingdoneheretosavelocal|wildlife.wDaisysmiled,"That'sgoodnews.Itshowstheimportanceofwildlifeprotection,butI'dliketohelpastheWWFsuggests：'Thecarpetroseagainandalmostatoncetheywereinathickrainforest.Amonkeywatchedthemasitrubbeditself."Whatareyoudoing"askedDaisy."I'mprotectingmyselffrommosquitoes,“itreplied.WhenIfindamillipedeinsect,Irubitovermybody.Itcontainsapowerfuldrugwhichaffectsmosquitoes.YoushouldpaymoreattentiontotherainforestwhereIlivetheappreciatehowtheanimalslivetogether.Norainforest,noanimals,nodrugs.”Daisywasamazed."Flyingcarpet,pleasetakemehomesoIcantellWWFandwecanbeginproducingthisnewdrug.Monkey,pleasecomeandhelp."Themonkeyagreed.Thecarpetflewhome.Astheylanded,thingsbegantodisappear.Twominuteslatereverythinghadgone-themonkey,too.SoDaisywasnotabletomakehernewdrug.Butwhatanexperience!Shehadlearnedsomuch!Andtherewas|alwaysWWF???ANIMALEXTINCTIONManyanimalshavedisappearedduringthelonghistoryofthemostfamousoftheseanimalsarelivedontheearthtensofmillionsof|yearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeingandtheirfutureseemedsecureatthattime.Thereweremanydifferentkindsofdinosaurandanumberofthemusedtoliveineggsoftwenty-fivespecieshavebeenfoundin|Xixia,County,Nanyang,Henanlongagoararenewspeciesofbird-likedinosaurwasdiscoveredinChaoyangCounty,LiaoningPscientistsinspeactedthebones,theyweresurprisedtofindthatthesedinosaurscouldnotonlyrunliketheothersbutalsoclimblearnedthisfromthewaytheboneswerejoinedtogether.Dinosaursdiedoutsuddenlyabout65millionyearsago.Somescientiststhinkitcameafteranunexpectedincidentwhenahugerockfromspacehittheearthandputtoomuchdustintothethinktheearthgottoohotforthedinosaurstoliveonanyknowsforsurewhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.Weknowmanyotherwildplants,animals,insectsandbirdshavediedoutmoretoaUNreport,some844animalsandplantshave|disappearedinthelast500dodoisoneoflivedontheIslandofMauritiusandwasaveryfriendlylistentoastoryofthedodoandhowitdisappearedfrometheearth.Unit5THEBANDTHATWASN'THaveyoueverwantedtobepartofabandasafamoussingerormusicianHaveyoueverdreamedofplayinginfrontofthousandsofpeopleataconcert,atwhicheveryoneisclappingandappreciatingyourmusicDoyousingkaraokeandpretendyouareafamoussingerlikeSongZuyingorLinHuanTobehonest,alotofpeopleattachgreatimportancetobecomingrichandfamous.ButjusthowdopeopleformabandManymusiciansmeetandformabandbecausetheyliketowriteandplaytheirownmusic.Theymaystartasagroupofhigh-school|students,forwhbacompracticingtheirmusicinsomeone'shoursisthefirststeptofame.Sometimestheymayplaytopassers-byinthestreetorsubwaysothattheycanearnsomeextramoneyforthemselvesortopayfortheirinstruments.Latertheymaygiveperformancesinpubsorclubs,|forwhichtheyarepaidincash.Ofcoursetheyhopetomakerecordsinastudioandsellmillionsofcopiestobecomemillionaires!|However,therewasonebandhatstartedinadifferentway.ItwascalledtheMonkeesandbeganasaTVshow.Themusicianswereto|playjokesoneachotheraswellasplaymusic,mostofwhichwasbasedlooselyonthebeatles.TheTVorganizershadplannedtofind|fourmusicianswhocouldactaswellassing.Theyputanadvertisementinanewspaperlookingforrockmusicians,buttheycouldonly|findonewhowasgoodenough.Theyhadtouseactorsfortheotherthreemembersoftheband.Assomeoftheseactorscouldnotsingwellenough,theyhadto