八年級下冊英語第四單元知識點（精選3篇）

第27頁共27頁八年級下冊英語第四單元知識點〔精選3篇〕篇1：八年級下冊英語第四單元知識點重要詞匯和句型1.get

(1)買get

sth.

for

sb.==get

sb.

sth.

為某人買某物Can

you

get

some

fruit

for

me

when

you

go

shopping?==Can

you

get

me

some

fruit

when

you

go

shopping?(2)得到,到達Where

did

you

get

the

book?When

did

you

get

the

letter

?He

got

homelate

last

night.(3)使,讓

get

+

賓語+賓補

使某人\某物怎么樣Please

get

you

coat

clean.

Get

your

mouth

closed.get

sb.

to

do

sth.

使某人\某物做某事I

got

him

to

call

Jim

yesterday.(4)(逐漸)變得…The

weather

gets

warmer

and

days

get

longer.Why

did

the

teacher

get

angry?2.

how

about\

what

about

后跟名詞\代詞\動詞ing形式。(1)向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh或懇求How

about

going

out

for

a

walk?How

aboutsomething

to

eat(2)向?qū)Ψ秸髑笠庖娀蚩捶℉ow

about

the

TV

play?

How

about

buying

thehouse

now?(3)詢問天氣或身體情況How

about

the

weather

in

Hainan

Island?How

about

your

parents?

Are

they

living

with

you?(4)談話中承接上下文I’m

forty

years

old.

How

about

you?I’m

from

Beijing.

How

about

you?3.receive收到

The

girl

was

happy

to

receive

many

gifts

on

her

birthday.receive

aletter

from==get

a

letter

from==

heard

from收到某人的信I

received

a

letter

from

my

parents

last

Sunday.==

I

got

a

letter

from

my

parents

last

Sunday.==

I

heard

from

my

parents

last

Sunday.accept

承受

He

couldn’t

accept

our

suggestions

but

our

gifts.She

was

very

glad

to

receive

the

invitation.He

didn’t

receive

a

good

education

at

university.I

received

an

invitation

to

the

party,

but

I

refused

to

accept

it.4.

a

6--year–old

child一個六歲的孩子6--year–old是由“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞,作前置定語,修飾后面的名詞child.數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞

構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，中間的名詞要用單數(shù)形式：a

five-year-old

girl

一個五歲的女孩a

six-foot-deep

hole一個六英尺深的洞a

two-meter-long

ruler一把兩米長的尺子

a

100-meter

race一場百米賽跑a

ten-story-high

building一棟十層高的樓房

a

two-inch-thick

dictionary一本兩英寸厚的詞典5.too…

to…太……

而不能……too…

to…可以與

enough

to和

so…that…轉(zhuǎn)換.與enough

to轉(zhuǎn)換時,enough前的形容詞,副詞必須是too后面形容詞,副詞的反義詞,

并使用其否認句式.She

is

too

young

to

do

the

work.she

isn’t

old

enough

to

do

the

work.與

so…that…轉(zhuǎn)換時,that后面的從句要用否認形式.Tom

is

too

tired

to

walk

any

farther.Tom

is

so

tired

that

he

can’t

walk

any

farther(2)

名詞,

本錢,費用,價錢.

at

all

costs不惜任何代價;at

the

costof

以……為代價.Living

costs

are

higher

in

cities

than

that

in

the

country.We

must

stop

it

at

all

costs.After

the

earthquake,

the

soldiers

tried

to

reach

the

area

at

thecost

of

their

lives.pay

花費(多少錢),主語是人.

Sb.

pay

some

money

for

sth.I

paid

5000

yuan

for

the

puter

last

week.I

spent

5000

yuan

on

the

puter

last

week.She

spent

2

hours

(in)

doing

her

homework.cost

花費(多少錢),主語是物.

Sth.

cost

sb.

some

money.This

jacket

cost

him

200

dollars.take花費(時間),It

takes

sb.

some

time

to

do

sth.花費某人多少時間做某事How

long

does

it

take

sb.

to

do

sth?花費某人多少時間做某事?It

took

Liu

Hong

2

hours

to

do

her

homework.It

takes

me

10

minutes

to

walk

to

school

from

home.It

will

take

them

6

months

to

build

the

building.How

long

does

it

take

him

to

plant

the

trees

?8.

sleep,

sleeping,

sleepy,

asleep,

fall

asleep,

be

asleepsleep

動詞,

睡覺,強調(diào)動作.

I

am

very

tired.I

want

to

sleep.He

slept

for

12

hours

yesterday.sleeping,

Sleep的如今分詞,表示“正在睡覺”Don’t

make

so

much

noise.

The

baby

is

sleeping.They

woke

up

thesleeping

girl

andaskedherwhereherparents

were.sleepy

想睡覺的,困倦的.Iamalittlesleepy.

I’d

like

to

go

to

bed.asleep

睡著了的.TheteacherfoundTomasleepinclassandkept

him

behind

after

school.Would

you

mind

turning

down

the

TV?

The

baby

is

asleep.fall

asleep強調(diào)從沒有睡著到睡著的過程,

不能接一段時間I

couldn’t

fall

asleep

until

it

was

very

late

last

night.He

listened

to

music

and

fell

asleep.be

asleep表示睡著后的狀態(tài),“睡著了”,可以接一段時間.He

was

asleep

for

three

hours.9.

choose

動詞,“選擇,挑選”,過去式chose,過去分詞chosenchoose

to

do

sth.選擇做某事can’t

Choose

but只得……pick

and

choose挑挑揀揀There

are

many

books

to

choose

from.We

choose

mike

as

our

leader(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)).Will

you

help

me

choose

a

dictionary?Everyone

can’t

choose

but

obey(服從).It’s

her

habit(習(xí)慣)

to

pick

and

choose

while

shopping.10.

present

(1)禮物,禮品==giftWhynotgivehimacardas

a

present?what

can

I

get

him

for

a

birthday

present?(2)目前,如今

I’m

sorry

he

is

out

at

present.Youhaveto

forget

the

past

and

start

living

in

the

present.11.

open

(1)動詞,

翻開,開業(yè),

開張,

展現(xiàn)It’s

not

right

to

open

other

people’s

letters.Would

you

mind

opening

the

window?The

door

opens

to

the

south.This

factory

opened

in

.(2)形容詞,

be

open開著的,開放的In

his

dream

the

flowers

are

all

open.Most

shops

are

closed

but

several

are

still

open.close

動詞,

關(guān)閉,關(guān)上,合上Please

close

the

door

to

keep

the

cold

out.closed

形容詞,

be

closed

關(guān)著的,

關(guān)閉的when

we

got

to

the

shop

it

was

closed.12.

give

away贈送,分發(fā)

give

away

sth

to

sbAunt

Wang

gave

away

the

candies(糖果)

to

the

kids.John

gave

away

his

notebook

to

me.其它短語give

up放棄

give

back歸還

give

off放出,發(fā)出(氣味)give

sth

to

sb==give

sb.

sth.把某物給某人13.

rather

than

而不是……后面跟名詞,代詞,從句The

color

seems

green

rather

than

blue.If

you

ran

rather

than

walked,you

would

have

arrived

earlier.You

should

help

them

rather

than

they

should

help

you.prefer

to

do

sth

rather

than

do

sth.寧愿……,

也不……She

preferred

to

stay

at

home

rather

than

go

with

us.He

preferred

to

listen

to

music

rather

than

play

games.Would

rather

do

sth

than

do

sth.寧愿……,

也不……He

would

rather

play

than

work.I

would

rather

take

the

slowest

train

than

go

there

by

air.14.

instead

(1)位于句首,表示“反而,

相反”Ididn’t

go

to

the

cinema

last

night.

instead,

I

watched

a

football

match

on

TV.The

boy

didn’t

sing

to

the

music.Instead,hesang

his

own

way.(2)位于句尾,

表示“作為代替,

而是”Mr

smith

was

ill,

so

mr

green

was

taking

his

class

instead.I

don’t

like

this

one,please

give

me

that

instead.instead

of

后跟名詞,代詞,動名詞,介詞短語.表示“代替,

而不是”I

have

e

instead

of

my

brother.

He

is

ill.Wewalkeddown

the

stairs

insteadof

taking

the

elevator(電梯).He

studies

in

the

evening

instead

of

during

the

day.15.

enter

(1)參加==take

part

in\

joinMore

than

one

thousand

sportsmen

entered\took

part

in

the

games.My

brother

hopes

to

enter\join

the

army

next

year.(2)進入==e

into\

go

intoShe

entered\came

into

the

room

with

these

words.Did

you

see

someone

enter\go

into

the

house?16.

encourage

動詞,

鼓勵,鼓勵

encouragesb.todo

sth.鼓勵某人做某事Parents

should

encourage

children

to

do

things

by

themselves.Our

English

teacher

encourages

us

to

keep

a

dairy

in

English.17.

progress名詞,“進步,進展”

make

progress“獲得進步,獲得進展”My

parents

are

pleased

with

my

progress

in

lessons.Tom

is

now

making

much\great

progress

at

school.They

made

no

progress

in

the

heavy

snow.18.

suggest動詞,

建議,提議.

后跟名詞,代詞,動名詞和從句she

suggested

a

way

out

of

the

difficulty.he

suggested

going

home.who

suggested

you

staying

here?I

suggested

we

(should)

hold

a

meeting.19.take

an

interest

in

(doing)

sth.對(做)某事感興趣否認表達是

take

no

interest

in

(doing)

sth.對(做)某事不感興趣Do

you

take

an

interest

in

English?Most

children

take

an

interest

in

playing

puter

games.He

takes

no

interest

in

playing

basketball.be\bee

interested

in

(doing)

sth對(做)某事感興趣I’m

deeply

interested

in

swimming.She

becameinterested

insingingwhen

she

was

only7

years

old.20.

Three

good

ways

of

improving

English

are

mentioned.提到了三種進步英語的好方法.of

improving

English是介詞短語作定語修飾ways.

它相當與動詞不定式.Three

good

ways

of

improving

English

are

mentioned.===Three

good

ways

to

improve

English

are

mentioned.Can

you

find

a

way

to

work

out

the

problem?==Can

you

find

a

way

of

working

out

the

problem?Fast

is

another

way

of

saying

quick.==

Fast

is

another

way

to

say

quick.Mention

(1)動詞,

“提到,提及,說起”as

mentioned

above如上所述He

often

mentioned

his

past

to

me.Nobody

mentioned

anything

to

me

about

it.Did

she

mention

where

she

was

going?You

mentioned

in

your

letter

that

you

might

be

moving

abroad.As

mentioned

above,therearemanygoodways

to

learn

English

well.(2)名詞,

“提及,說起”The

newspaper

made

no

mention

of

him.篇2：八年級下冊英語第四單元知識點形容詞一、形容詞〔一〕形容詞的含義：表示人或事物的特征、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)的詞叫形容詞?！捕承稳菰~的用法及位置：1．作定語，放在名詞之前，不定代詞之后。The

nice

girl

is

my

sister.I

have

something

important

to

tell

you.2.少數(shù)形容只能作表語不能作定語：alone,

afraid,ill,asleep,awake,alive,well。3.作表語，放在系動詞之后。

He

looks

happy.4.作賓語補足語，放在賓語之后，常與make,leave,keep等動詞連用。You

must

keep

your

eyes

closed.Don’t

make

your

hands

dirty.5.某些形容詞放在定冠詞the之后，表示一類人。常見的詞有：good,bad,rich,poor,young,old,deaf,blind,black,white,living,dead。The

young

should

be

polite

to

the

old.Please

don’t

laugh

at

the

poor.6.某些表示情感的表語形容詞后可接動詞不定式〔to+動詞原形〕：glad,happy,pleasedbe

sorry,sad,sure,kind

+

to

do

sth.ready,afraid,ableeasy,difficult(三)形容詞比擬級和最高級的構(gòu)成：1．規(guī)那么變化〔1〕一般情況，直接在詞尾加er\est。(2)以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾時，加r\st。〔3〕以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾時，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er\est。(4)局部形容詞，先雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加er\est。big,hot,fat,thin,red,(5)局部形容詞，在前面加more\most。beautiful,

careful,

important,

delicious,

difficult,

dangerous(6)以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞，在前面加more\most。Likely〔有希望的〕,daily〔日常的〕,lively〔有生氣的〕2.不規(guī)那么變化good\wellbetterbest

many\muchmoremostbad\illworseworst

littlelessleastfarfarther(較遠的)\further(進一步的)farthest(最遠的)\furthest〔最大程度的〕oldolder(年紀較大的)\elder〔年紀最大的〕oldest〔較年長的〕\eldest(最年長的)(四)形容詞原級的用法：1．說明人或事物自身的性質(zhì)、特征或狀態(tài)時用形容詞原形。The

flowers

in

the

garden

are

beautiful.2.有表示程度的副詞very,so,too,enough,quite等修飾時，用形容詞原形。The

boy

is

too

young.3.表示A與B在某方面程度一樣或不同時，用形容詞原形?？隙ň洌篈+動詞+as+形容詞原形+as+B。English

is

as

interesting

as

Chinese.Xiao

Ming

is

as

tall

as

Jim.否認句：A+動詞+notas\so+形容詞原形+as+B。This

book

is

not

as\so

new

as

that

one.I

am

not

so

careful

as

Lucy.否認句的構(gòu)造相當于A+動詞+less

+形容詞原形+than+B。He

thinks

Chinese

is

less

interesting

than

English.4.表示“A是B的幾倍”：A+動詞+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞原形+as+B。Our

school

is

three

times

as

big

as

theirs.This

table

is

twice

as

long

as

that

one.5．“A+動詞+Half+as

+形容詞原形+as+B”表示“A是B的一半”Her

room

is

half

as

big

as

yours.(五)、形容詞比擬級的用法：1．表示兩者進展比擬時，用形容詞比擬級：A+動詞+形容詞比擬級+than+BLily’s

room

is

bigger

than

mine.This

mooncake

is

nice

than

that

one.2．有表示程度的副詞a

little,

a

bit,afew,

a

lot,

much,

even,

still,Far,

rather,

any等修飾時，用形容詞比擬級。I

feel

even

worse

now.

It

is

much

colder

today

than

before.3.表示兩者之間“哪一個更、、、”：which\

who

is

+形容詞比擬級,

Aor

B?Who

is

taller,Li

Ming

or

Wang

Tao?Which

sweateris

more

beautiful,theyellowone

or

the

pink

one?4.表示“幾倍于、、、、、、”時，用“A+動詞+倍數(shù)+比擬級+than+B”I

am

three

years

older

than

you.5．表示“兩者之間較、、、、、、的一個”，常用“the+比擬級”構(gòu)造。Mary

is

the

taller

of

the

twins.6.表示“越來越、、、、、、”時，用比擬級重疊構(gòu)造，即“比擬級+and+比擬級”，多音節(jié)詞和局部雙音節(jié)詞用“more

and

more+形容詞原形”It’s

getting

warmer

and

warmer

in

spring.Our

hometown

is

being

more

and

more

beautiful.7.表示“越、、、、、、就越、、、、、、”時，用“the+比擬級,the+比擬級”The

harder

he

works,

the

richer

he

is.The

more

we

get

together,

the

happier

we’ll

be.(六)、形容詞最高級的用法：1．三者或三者以上的人或物進展比擬時，用形容詞最高級。形容詞最高級前必須加定冠詞the,句末常跟一個in\of短語來表示范圍。He

is

the

strongest

of

the

three

boys.Shanghai

is

the

biggest

city

in

china.2.表示“三者或三者以上的人或物，哪一個最、、、、、、？”用句型：Which\who

is

+the

+最高級,A,B,or

C

?Which

city

is

the

most

beautiful,

Beijing,

Shanghai

or

Fuzhou?3.表示“最、、、、、、的、、、、、、之一”時，用句型：主語+is+one

of

the+形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Zhou

Jielun

is

one

of

the

most

popular

singers.4.形容詞最高級前面可加序數(shù)詞，表示“第幾大/長/高等”Changjiang

River

is

the

first

longest

river

inChina.5.形容詞最高級前面可以有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等修飾，此時不用the。This

is

our

last

lesson.

Yesterday

was

his

busiest

day.6.形容詞比擬級構(gòu)造可以表示最高級含義。Li

Lei

is

the

tallest

student

in

his

class.==Li

Lei

is

taller

than

any

other

student

in

his

class.==Li

Lei

is

taller

than

the

other

students

in

his

class.==Li

Lei

is

taller

than

anyone

else

in

his

class.==No

one

is

as

tall

as

Li

Lei

in

his

class.==No

one

is

taller

than

Li

Lei

in

his

class.==Li

Lei

is

taller

than

any

of

the

other

students

in

his

class.==Li

Lei

is

taller

than

the

rest

of

students

in

his

class.〔七〕、--ing形容詞與--ed形容詞：--ing形容詞表示“令人、、、、、、的”，表示主動意義，多指事物對人的影響，一般修飾或說明事物。如：surprising〔令人驚訝的〕,exciting〔令人興奮的〕,interesting〔有趣的〕等。--ed形容詞表示“感到、、、、、、的”，表示被動意義，多指人對事物的感受，主語一般是人：sb.+be+--ed形容詞+介詞短語。如：surprised(感到驚訝的),

excited〔感到興奮的〕,Interested〔感到有趣的〕等。We

are

all

excited

about

the

exciting

news.〔八〕在同一范圍內(nèi)比擬時，必須把主體排除在被比擬的范圍之外。Chinaislargerthan

any

other

country

in

Asia.(在同一范圍內(nèi))China

is

larger

than

any

country

in

Africa.(在不同范圍內(nèi))篇3：八年級下冊英語第四單元知識點副詞：用來說明時間、地點、程度、方式等概念，主要修飾動詞、形容詞、其它副詞或整個句子。〔一〕．副詞的分類：1．時間副詞：now,then,today,tomorrow,

yesterday,

before,

ago,

soon,Immediately,lately,early,sometimes,

often,

always,

usually,

already,Yet,ever,never,seldom。時間副詞是確定句子時態(tài)的重要標志，需牢記。2．地點副詞：outside,inside,upstairs,

here,

there,

home,

near,

away,In,

back,

off,

up,

anywhere。3．方式副詞：quickly,

happily,

loudly,

suddenly,

luckily,

badly,

easily,fast,

again。方式副詞大多由“形容詞+y”構(gòu)成。4．程度副詞：very,

quite,

rather,

too,

much,

so.5．疑問副詞：when,where,

why,

how

long,

how

soon,

how

often,How

far.疑問副詞常用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。6．關(guān)系副詞：when,

where,

why,

how等。關(guān)系副詞常用來引導(dǎo)從句。〔一〕副詞的用法：1．作狀語，用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其它副詞或整個句子。Please

listento

me

carefully.

The

boy

is

too

young.Luckily,

he

was

not

badly

hurt.2.作表語，表示方位上的變化：My

father

will

be

back

in

a

week.3.作賓語補足語。

Let

him

in,

please.(三)副詞的位置：1．一般副詞作狀語時，放在謂語動詞之后，假如謂語動詞之后帶有賓語，那么放在賓語后。We

all

study

hard.