過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)

人教課標(biāo)高二必修5

Unit1GrammarUnit1GreatscientistsThePastParticiple

同學(xué)們，你們還記得在Book4Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour

中有這樣三個(gè)句子嗎？

Suchtrainingwascommoninactingfamilies...2.Hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter...3.Theactingissoconvincingthat...通過(guò)觀察，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)第1、2句是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)，且放在被修飾的名詞前面；第3句是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)，放在be動(dòng)詞的后面。今天我們要學(xué)習(xí)與動(dòng)詞-ing形式相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的用法。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)一般用來(lái)表示感受或狀態(tài)（系動(dòng)詞+過(guò)去分詞）

Nowonderheisexcited!(predictive)可以用作表語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)的過(guò)去分詞有：delighted,disappointed,upset,astonished,excited,frightened,experienced,interested,qualified,puzzled,exhausted,satisfied過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)：1.分詞可以用作前置定語(yǔ)，此時(shí)，分詞和名詞之間有兩種語(yǔ)意關(guān)系：一種是分詞表示主動(dòng)（但時(shí)間上已經(jīng)過(guò)去）；一種是分詞表被動(dòng)。

Heisaretiredworker.

他是一個(gè)退休工人。

Thisisanewly-developeddevice.

這是一個(gè)新開(kāi)發(fā)的工具。2.過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，其功能相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。PastParticipleastheAttributiveLookatthefollowingsentenceswherethepastparticipleisused.Findtwomoreexamplesinthereadingpassageofeachusage.Example:1.Somanythousandsofterrified

peopledied.1過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)亦可用作非限制性定語(yǔ)，前后常有逗號(hào)。

Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverseenatrain.

他們當(dāng)中有一些人，生長(zhǎng)在農(nóng)村，從未見(jiàn)過(guò)火車(chē)。2.HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.用來(lái)修飾人的過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)移到修飾非人的事物，變成所謂的轉(zhuǎn)移形容語(yǔ)。這種過(guò)去分詞在形式上直接修飾人，但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關(guān)。Thegeneralstaredathiminstartledadmiration.將軍以驚訝而贊賞的眼光注視著他。Attentione.g.WeaskedtwoofChina’smanytalented

journaliststotellusmoreaboutnew.

Iwanttowriteaboutpeopleaddictedtodrugs.Whenthepastparticipleisasingleword,wheredoyouput,beforethenounmodifiedorafterit?Whenthepastparticipleisaphrase,wheredoyouput?過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般皆置之于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，但較從句簡(jiǎn)潔，多用于口語(yǔ)中。Thereweretwentyorthirtymonkeyshuddledalongthebranchesasstillasstatues.有二三十個(gè)猴子蜷縮在樹(shù)枝上，靜如雕像。Trucksandbusesweredrivenongascarriedinlargebagsontheroof.卡車(chē)與公共汽車(chē)皆燒煤氣，煤氣是裝載車(chē)頂上的袋中。Lookatthedialogueandfindtheuseofthepastparticiple.--IhearyouandJamesareengagedatlast.--Yes,weare.--Whenareyougettingmarried?--Inthespring.--Oh,lovely.Where’stheweddinggoingtobe?PastParticipleasthePredicativeExample:

Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople.

Nowfindtwomoreexamplesinthereadingpassage.Hegotinterestedintwotheoriesexplaininghowcholerakilledpeople.Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood.PastParticipleasanattributePastParticipleasthepredicative1.terrifiedpeople2.reservedseats3.pollutedwater4.acrowdedroom5.apleasedwinnerpeoplewhoareterrifiedof2.seatswhicharereserved3.waterthatispolluted4.aroomthatiscrowded5.awinnerwhoispleasedCompletethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.2PastParticipleasanattributePastParticipleasthepredicative6.childrenwhoareastonishedat/by…7.avasethatisbroken8.adoorthatisclosed9.theaudiencewhoaretiredof…10.ananimalthatistrappedin/by…6.astonishedchildren7.abrokenvase8.acloseddoor9.thetiredaudience10.atrappedanimal

ChangethefollowingintoEnglishusing“make+n.”andpastparticiples.makeanappointmentmakeagossipmakeanapologymakeacontestmakeachoice約會(huì)閑言碎語(yǔ)道歉競(jìng)爭(zhēng)選擇crowdedstreetsstruckspeechesinspiredcontestant受到鼓舞的競(jìng)賽者擁擠的街道打動(dòng)人的演講unexpectedvisitorsdiscouragedstudents不速之客感到沮喪的學(xué)生1.Hegot______________aboutlosingthemoney.2.Thepainterlookedso_____afterworkingforawholeday.blamed/upsettired3Completethesentencesusingthepastparticipleasthepredicative.(P5)4.Everybodywas_________________tohearofthedeathofthefamousfilmstar.shocked/depressed3.Iwas___________withthefilmIsawlastnight.Ihadexpectedittobebetter.disappointed5.Everybodyisreally_______aboutthenewOlympicstadiums.6.Hiswoundbecame_______withanewvirus.excitedinfectedRewritethefollowingsentenceswiththepastparticipleasattributive.Let’strythebookstorethatwasopenedlastmonth.

Let’strythebookstoreopenedlastmonth.Nineoutoftenwomeninterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.Yesterday,thePresidentwenttovisittheretiredworkers.Nineoutoftenwomenwhowereinterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.Yesterday,thePresidentwenttovisittheworkerswhohadretired.Furtherinformation:

DifferencebetweenthePresentParticipleandthePastparticipleChooseappropriateverbstocompletethefollowingsentences,usingthepastparticiple.Explaintheuseofthepastparticipleineachsentence.(P43)1worryinterestarrivefrightenpreparecontinueconcern1.Theywere________toacceptmyidea.2.I’llbe_________toknowhowtheymadthewonderfulfireworks.3.Themayorsaidthathewas_______aboutthe_________riseofthewaterlevelintheriverbed.preparedinterestedworriedcontinued4.Recently________soldiersarehelpingtotakethevictimstosafeareasfromtheflood.5.Mostofthenewspaperseemstobe_________withpopstars.6.Hewas_________ofgoingaloneintotheemptyhouse.arrivedconcernedfrightened

Rewritethesesentencesasonesentenceusingthepastparticipleastheattributeorpredicative.(P43)21.Ifoundthisplateonthefloor.Theplatewasbrokeninpieces.Ifoundthisbrokenplateonthe floor.2.Isawatall,darkandhandsomeman.HisnameisXiaoMing.Isawatall,darkandhandsomemannamedXiaoMing.3.Ilookedatthatmodemabstract(抽象)painting.Itwascoloredinyellowsandgreens.Ilookedatthatmodemabstractpaintingcoloredinyellowsandgreens.4.YesterdayIgottheanswertomyquestionontheInternet.ItwastheoneIexpected.YesterdayIgottheexpectedanswertomyquestionontheInternet.5.Sheisoneofmyfriends.Sheisdevotedtomyinterests.Sheismyfrienddevotedtomyinterests.6.OnthedoorstepIfoundalotofbottles.Theyweremarkedingreenink.OnthedoorstepIfoundalotofbottlesweremarkedingreenink.7.Wesawmanywindowsinthatroom.Theywereallcracked.Wesawmanycrackedwindowsinthatroom.

從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps______fromthelibrary.（2010年課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷）

toborrow B.tobeborrowedC.borrowed D.borrowing高考鏈接2.I’mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition______inyesterday’sChinaDaily.（北京2010）A.advertised B.tobeadvertisedC.advertising D.havingadvertised3.Agreatnumberofstudents______saidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano.

（四川2010）A.toquestion B.tobequestionedC.questioned D.questioning4.InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremained______abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.（福建2010）A.sticking B.stuckC.tobestuck D.tohavestuck5.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney______inthelibrary.（湖南2010）A.discovered B.tobediscoveredC.discovering D.havingdiscovered6.Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions______?（2009年全國(guó)卷I）

taking B.take C.taken