英譯漢教程5-補充的翻譯技巧

Chapter5AdditionAdditionAdditionmeanstosupplynecessarywordsintranslation,makingtheversiongrammaticallycorrect,semanticallyclear,rhetoricallysound,logicallyacceptable,andculturallyappropriate.ThreeaspectstocoverStructuraladdition(結構性增補)Semanticaddition（語義性增補）Rhetoricaladdition（修辭性增補）StructuraladditionEnglish:omission,substitutionChinese:repetitionWhatisomittedorsubstitutedinEnglishmaybesuppliedintheChinesetranslation.WordsnecessaryinstructureorcollocationmaybesuppliedintheChinesetranslation.1.Meantimethemarketkeptgrowing,andthedemandrising.

同時，市場持續(xù)擴大，需求持續(xù)增長。2.Bybirth，hewasanEnglishman;byprofession,asailor;byinstinctandtraining,arebel.

論出生，他是英國人；論職業(yè)，他是一名水手；論本性和所受到的教育，他是個叛逆者。3.Foreveryaction,thereisanequalandoppositereaction.

每種作用力都有大小

相等，方向相反的反作用力。4.Youcannotbuildaship,ahouseoramachinetoolifyoudonotknowhowtomakeorreadadesign.

如果不懂制圖或看不懂圖紙，就不能造

船、蓋

房子或制造

機床。SemanticadditionSupplyingsupplementarynounstomakethemeaningconcreteandclear.

eg.foolhardiness蠻干作風

arrogance傲慢態(tài)度

loftiness崇高氣質

fault-finding吹毛求疵的做法

irregularities越軌行為1.Whattheywantedmostwasanendtouncertainties.

他們最希望的就是結束這搖擺不定的局面。2.Themajorprobleminfabrication

isthecontrolofcontaminationandforeignmaterials.制造過程中的主要問題是如何控制污染和雜質。3.Thisisthedayforourtwopeoplestorisetotheheightsofgreatnesswhichcanbuildanewandabetterworld.

現(xiàn)在該是我們兩國人民為締造一個新的、更美的世界而攀登這一偉大境界

高峰的時候了。Supplyingsupplementaryverbstoexplainthemeaningofnouns.1.Footstepsannouncedhisreturn.

聽見腳步聲，知道他回來了。2.Theweightofabodychangeswithitsaltitude.

物體重量隨著所處高度而改變。3.Iconsideritasnothinglessthanaquestionoffreedomorslavery.

我認為這完全是一個要么贏得自由，要么淪為奴隸的問題。Supplyingillustrativewordsorexpressionsforbetterunderstanding“一種文化里不言而喻的東西，在另一種文化里卻要飛很大力氣加以解釋。”（王佐良）TomakeexplicitinthereceptorlanguagewhatcouldverywellremainimplicitinthesourcelanguagebywayofsupplyingillustrativewordsorexpressionsSupplyingsummarizingwordsSupplyingconnectorsforbettercohesion

eg.Theunremittingattentionpaidtoourdevelopmentdoesnotleaveusindifferenttotheproblemsthatagitateourworld.

雖然我們一貫注重本國發(fā)展，但我們并不因此對震動世界的問題漠不關心。

RhetoricaladditionNecessarywordsorexpressionsmaybeaddedtomakethetranslationmoreexpressive,idiomatic,andappealingtotheChinesereader.增補副詞加強語氣增補語氣助詞增補疊詞增補為四字短語

1.Whathaveyougottobesoproudof?

你究竟有啥了不起的？2.Inspiteofthefactthatyoutreathimverywell,heisayellowdog.

你雖然待他好，但他到底是個可鄙的家伙。3.Thehostcarved,poured,served,talkedandlaughed.

主人割肉呀，斟酒呀，端菜呀，又說又笑，忙個不停。4.It’sstrangethatsheshouldhavegivenawayavillalikethat.那么好端端一棟別墅，她竟白白送了人，真是有點可疑。5.Theirextravagancewasfrighteninginitsvulgarityanditsirresponsibility.他們窮奢極欲，其粗俗下流、放縱無度的程度令人發(fā)指。ConclusionAdditionisrequiredwhenliteraltranslationisinadequateorconfusing.Explanationsmaybeaddedwhenthesourcetextcontainssomeculturalorbackgroundinformationunfamiliartothereaders.增譯法的原則：增詞不增意