完形填空最早是由英國學者泰勒Taylor根據(jù)格式塔心理

完形填空最早是由英國學者泰勒（Taylor）根據(jù)格式塔心理學的原理所設計的。格式塔心理學家認為，人們觀察物體形狀時，往往會無意識地把物體看成是完整的，即使形狀中有空缺也會填補上去。人在閱讀過程中將空缺的詞語填補上去，也是同樣的道理。我們在做完形填空的時候就要特別注意，文章是一個有機的整體--我們千萬不能割裂上下文的聯(lián)系啊。先通篇了解一下這篇文章:

Inrecentyearsmanycountriesoftheworldhavebeenfacedwiththeproblemofhowtomaketheirworkersmoreproductive.Someexpertssaythe___1___istomakejobsmorevaried.Butdomorevariedjobs___2___greaterproductivity?Thereisevidencetosuggestthat___3___varietycertainlymakestheworker’slifemoreenjoyable,itdoesn’t___4___makehimworkharder.Asfarasincreasingproductivityisconcerned,then,___5___isnotanimportantfactor.Otherexpertsfeelthatgivingtheworker___6___todohisjobinhisownwayisimportant,andthereisnodoubtthatthisistrue.The___7___isthatthiskindoffreedomcan’teasilybegiveninthemodernfactorywithitscomplicatedmachinerywhichmustbeusedina___8___way.Thuswhilefreedomofchoicemaybeimportant,thereisusuallyverylittlethatcanbedoneto___9___it.Anotherimportant___10___ishowmucheachworker___11___totheproductheismaking.Inmostfactoriestheworker___12___onlyonesmallpartoftheproduct.Somecarfactoriesarenow___13___withhavingmanysmallproductionlinesratherthanonelargeone,sothateachworkercontributesmoretotheproductionofthecarsonhis___14___.Itwouldseemthatnotonlyisdegreeofworkercontributionanimportantfactor___15___itisonewecandosomethingabout.Towhat___16___doesmoremoneyleadtogreaterproductivity?Theworkersthemselvescertainlythinkthisis___17___.Butperhapstheywantmoremoneyonlybecausetheworktheydoissoboring.___18___justletsthemenjoytheirsparetimemore.A___19___argumentmayexplaindemandsforshorterworkinghours.Perhapsifwe___20___makingtheirjobsmoreinteresting,theywillneitherwantmoremoney,norwillshorterworkinghoursbesoimportanttothem.1.

A.answer B.course C.attempt D.system2.

A.runacross B.leadto C.resultfrom D.pickup3.

A.because B.as C.while D.asthough4.

A.mentally B.physically C.carefully D.actually5.

A.variety B.relaxation C.creativity D.machinery6.

A.

judgement

B.freedom C.direction D.comfort7.

A.secret B.skill C.problem D.strength8.

A.amusing B.dull C.changeable D.fixed9.

A.use B.create C.supply D.fear10.

A.measure B.invention C.consideration D.work11.

A.lies B.sticks C.objects D.contributes12.

A.likes B.equips C.transports D.sees13.

A.tired B.pleased C.worrying D.experimenting14.

A.own B.will C.line D.hand15.

A.but B.and C.so D.however16.

A.extent B.quality C.store D.difference17.

A.natural B.important C.worrying D.unbelievable18.

A.Rest B.Sports C.Money D.Playing19.

A.complete B.friendly C.given D.similar20.

A.advise B.succeedin C.objectto D.aretriedof現(xiàn)在進行詳解:

Inrecentyearsmanycountriesoftheworldhavebeenfacedwiththeproblemofhowtomaketheirworkersmoreproductive.Someexpertssaythe___1___istomakejobsmorevaried.1.

A.answer B.course C.attempt D.system本文主要是圍繞如何提高工人的生產(chǎn)力展開的。1.A。前面說“許多國家面臨這種問題，就是如何才能使工人生產(chǎn)力高”，一些專家說“該問題的答案就是使工作多樣性”。Butdomorevariedjobs___2___greaterproductivity?Thereisevidencetosuggestthat___3___varietycertainlymakestheworker’slifemoreenjoyable,itdoesn’t___4___makehimworkharder.2.

A.runacross B.leadto C.resultfrom D.pickup3.

A.because B.as C.while D.asthough4.

A.mentally B.physically C.carefully D.actually2.B。作者發(fā)出質疑，“工作多樣性就能導致更大的生產(chǎn)力嗎”。leadto“導致”。3.C。由句子itdoesn’t___4___makehimworkharder可知前面的連詞表示“盡管”之意。4.D。本句話意思是“有跡象表明盡管多樣性能夠使工人的生活更具有享受性，但實際上它并不能使工人們更努力地工作”。actually“實際上”。Asfarasincreasingproductivityisconcerned,then,___5___isnotanimportantfactor.5.

A.variety B.relaxation

C.creativity D.machinery5.A。上面介紹了“多樣性”這個話題，所以現(xiàn)在予以總結“多樣性不是重要的因素”。Otherexpertsfeelthatgivingtheworker___6___todohisjobinhisownwayisimportant,andthereisnodoubtthatthisistrue.6.

A.

judgement

B.freedom

C.direction D.comfort6.B。由后面的解釋todohisjobinhisownway，可知“這是一種自由的表現(xiàn)形式”。The___7___isthatthiskindoffreedomcan’teasilybegiveninthemodernfactorywithitscomplicatedmachinerywhichmustbeusedina___8___way.Thuswhilefreedomofchoicemaybeimportant,thereisusuallyverylittlethatcanbedoneto___9___it.

7.

A.secret B.skillC.problemD.strength8.

A.amusing B.dullC.changeable D.fixed9.

A.use B.create C.supply D.fear7.C。本句話中that從句中的內(nèi)容是存在的一個“問題”。8.D。復雜的機械有一套“固定的”使用方法。fixed“固定的”。9.B。根據(jù)意思“盡管選擇的自由可能重要，通常不能有為選擇它做什么?！眂reate“做”。Anotherimportant___10___ishowmucheachworker___11___totheproductheismaking.10.

A.measure B.invention

C.consideration D.work11.

A.lies B.sticks

C.objects D.contributes10.C。上文提到“給工人們更多的自由”，這是專家所考慮的一個方案，所以推斷是“另外一個重要的考慮”。11.D。本句話意思是“另外一個重要的考慮就是每個工人對他生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品貢獻了多少”。Inmostfactoriestheworker___12___onlyonesmallpartoftheproduct.Somecarfactoriesarenow___13___withhavingmanysmallproductionlinesratherthanonelargeone,sothateachworkercontributesmoretotheproductionofthecarsonhis___14___.12.

A.likesB.equipsC.transportsD.sees13.

A.tired B.pleased

C.worrying D.experimenting14.

A.own B.will C.line D.hand12.D。每個工人只負責產(chǎn)品的某一個環(huán)節(jié)，所以認為“工人只能看到產(chǎn)品的一個部分”。13.D。提到的作法只不過是一些汽車廠家的實驗。14.C。由句子Somecarfactoriesarenow__13___withhavingmanysmallproductionlinesratherthanonelargeone可知，所填詞表示“生產(chǎn)線”比較恰當。Itwouldseemthatnotonlyisdegreeofworkercontributionanimportantfactor___15___itisonewecandosomethingabout.15.

A.but B.and C.so D.however15.A。本句話為notonly…but(also)結構。Towhat___16___doesmoremoneyleadtogreaterproductivity?Theworkersthemselvescertainlythinkthisis___17___.Butperhapstheywantmoremoneyonlybecausetheworktheydoissoboring.\16.

A.extent B.quality

C.storeD.difference17.

A.natural B.important

C.worrying D.unbelievable16.A。作者再次提出問題“更多的錢能夠帶來更大的生產(chǎn)