九年級英語被動語態(tài)語法講解

九年級英語被動語態(tài)語法講解語態(tài)：表示主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。英語有兩種語態(tài)，即主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)：表示主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者。被動語態(tài)：表示主語是謂語動作的承受者。如：Manystudents

study

English.(主動語態(tài))English

isstudied

bymanystudents.(被動語態(tài))語態(tài)第二頁，共34頁。1）不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰何時使用被動語態(tài)？Mybikewasstolenyesterday.2）沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者M(jìn)oretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.3)需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動作的承受者Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.第三頁，共34頁。被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)

助動詞be+過去分詞(be+done)第四頁，共34頁。一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are+done

一般過去時：

was/were+

done

一般將來時:

willbe/begoingtobe+

done

情態(tài)動詞：must/can/could/may+be+

done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時:

be(am/is/are)+being

+

done現(xiàn)在完成時:

have/has+been

+

done被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be

+done各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：第五頁，共34頁。1.WearegladthattheShenzhenUnderground_____verysoon.(2013深圳)A.willbecompletedB.willcompleteC.hascompletedD.hasbeencompleted2.Thecomputer_____inJapanin2003andIhavehaditforonlyoneweek.(2013中考)A.wasmadeB.canbemadeC.ismadeD.made歷屆中考題對被動語態(tài)句子時態(tài)的考核：由時間狀語verysoon可以確定該句應(yīng)該用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。由時間狀語in2003(過去的時間)，可以確定該句應(yīng)該用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。第六頁，共34頁。3.Hewillgofishingifhiswork_____.(2013河北)A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone4.Today,theforestshavealmostgone.Peoplemust_____downtoomanytrees.(2013安徽)A.stoptocutB.stopfromcuttingC.bestoppedtocutD.bestoppedfromcutting歷屆中考題被動語態(tài)知識點的綜合考核：7.在條件狀語從句中，主句用一般將來時從句要用現(xiàn)在時，同時該句又應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)。8.對句式”stopsb.fromdoingsth.”被動語態(tài)的考核”sb.bestoppedfromdoingsth.”B選項如果去掉“from”，成為另一句式”stopdoingsth.”，也是對的。Grade3第七頁，共34頁。主動語態(tài)如何變被動語態(tài)WespeakEnglish.主語謂語賓語Englishisspokenbyus.主語謂語賓語賓變主,主變介賓謂變bedone時不變（be體現(xiàn)時態(tài)，人稱和數(shù)的變化）主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)第八頁，共34頁。TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenhelphimwithhomework.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Heisoftenhelpedwithhomeworkbythem.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.第九頁，共34頁。1.They

bought

acomputerlastterm．

bythemlastterm.2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+過去分詞lastyear.2.We

plantedmanytreeslastyear.ManytreeswereplantedAcomputerwasbought第十頁，共34頁。Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedtheroomsforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Theroomswereusedforrestingbythem.第十一頁，共34頁。3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：begoingtobe/willbe+過去分詞1.Theywillfinish

theworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomisgoingtoclean

theroomtomorrow.Theroom

isgoingtobecleanedbyTomtomorrow.第十二頁，共34頁。Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterisgoingtogiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkisgoingtobegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.第十三頁，共34頁。4.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞1.Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．byAmy.Ginacanbetakengoodcareof2.Youshoulddrink

morewater.Morewater

shouldbedrunkbyyou.第十四頁，共34頁。1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.

Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.第十五頁，共34頁。5.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)have/has＋been＋過去分詞Wehavemade

akey．byus.Akeyhasbeenmade2.Wehavefinished

ourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.第十六頁，共34頁。被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊類型1.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài).（指物的賓語叫直接賓語，指人的賓語叫間接賓語）如：1.Hegaveme

abook.

giveme

abook間直=giveabooktome直間－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.－AbookwasgiventomebyTom.

2.Iboughthimabook.

－Hewasboughtabookbyme.－Abookwasboughtforhimbyme.第十七頁，共34頁。to:pass,give,show,bring，sell，send，tell，teach，return，lendfor:make,buy,get，choose，cook第十八頁，共34頁。

Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Iturnedofftheradio.2.含有短語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)-----Mychildistakengoodcareof.---Theradiowasturnedoff(byme).

動詞短語是一個不可分割的整體，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不可丟掉構(gòu)成的動詞短語的介詞和副詞。第十九頁，共34頁。即hear,watch,see,make,let,這些詞在主動句中，其后的動詞不加to，但變被動句時必須加to.1.Isaw

himplaybasketballlastSunday.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.2.Thebossmakes

himworkfor10hours.Heismadetoworkfor10hours.3.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài)第二十頁，共34頁。Payattentiontothis:1）像happen,takeplace,不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。不用被動語態(tài)的情況Atrafficaccident__________(happen)justnow.happened2）連系動詞look,sound,taste,smell

等不用被動語態(tài)。Mooncakestastedelicious.Theideasoundsgreat.第二十一頁，共34頁。1）當(dāng)表示主語質(zhì)地,自身特征的動詞open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive與副詞well或easily連用時，可用主動語態(tài)表被動意義，用作不及物動詞。Thiskindofpenwrites

smoothly.Thiskindofshirt_______wellhere.這種樣式的襯衣在這兒很好賣。sells主動形式表被動意義第二十二頁，共34頁。2)在beworthdoing中，doing表被動意義。Thebookisworth

reading.3)need

doing=need

tobedone

tobedone

表不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。Mybikeneeds

repairing.=Mybikeneeds

tobe

repaired.第二十三頁，共34頁。Trythis!1.Lastyear,LiHua,acollegestudent,____toworkfortheOlympicGames.(2008,河北）AischoosingBisCwaschoosingDwaschosen2.----Who’sthelittlebabyinthephoto,Susan?----It’sme,thisphoto______tenyearsago.(2008,北京）AtakesBistakenCtookDwastaken3.It’sreportedthattheUndergroundLinesNo.3_____inourcityin2010.(2008,南京）AwillbuildBhasbuildCwillbebuiltDhasbeenbuilt4.----Lookatthesignontheright.----Ok,parking____here.(2008，河南）Adoesn’tallowBisn’tallowedCdidn’tallowDwasn’tallowed第二十四頁，共34頁。5.---Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?---Alotofnewroads___,Ithink.(2008,呼爾浩特）AmustbebuiltBhavetobuildCmustbuildDhavebuilt6.---Doyoubelievetherearealiens?---I’mafraidnot.Idon’tthinkaliens__inspace.(2008,黃岡）AcanfindBcanbefoundCcanbefoundedDcan’tbefound7.----Alice,You___onthephone.----I’mcoming.Thanks.(2008,遼寧）AwantBarewantedCarewantingDhavewanted8.Thethief_____bythepolicemanalready.（2008,杭州）AiscaughtBcaughtChascaughtDhasbeencaught9.Mary___thesongataparty.(2008,廣東）AheardsingBwasheardsungCwasheardtosingDwasheardsing第二十五頁，共34頁。10.---Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?---Well,it’ssurprising.Thestrongestteamofourschool___.(2008,大連）AwasbeatenBwonCscoredDwasfailed11.---Didyouhaveanyone___thegoldfish?---Yes,Ihadthegoldfish____.(2007,煙臺）Afeed,feedBtofeed,fedCfeed,tobefedDfeed,fed12.---DoyouoftenseeWilliam___ontheplayground?---No,heisoftenseen___Chinesekungfuinthepark.Arun,playBrun,toplayCrunning,playDrunning,toplay.(2007,濰坊）13.---WillyoucometojoinusthisSunday?---Iwon’tcomeunlessBob___.(2007,煙臺）AisinvitedBwillbeinvitedCcaninvitedDinvites

第二十六頁，共34頁。14.Today,theforestshavealmostgone.Peoplemust___downtoomanytrees.(2006,重慶）

AstoptocutBstopfromcuttingCbekeptcuttingDbestoppedfromcutting15.---Haveallthestudentsknownthatourclasswillvisitthefactorythisafternoon?---Yes,everystudent____aboutit.(2007,寧波）

AhavetoldBhavebeentoldChastoldDhasbeentold16.Thiskindofclothes___well.Andit___.(2007,陜西）

Asells,hasbeensoldoutBissold,hasbeensoldoutCwassold,soldoutDsells,soldout

第二十七頁，共34頁。填空（完成被動語態(tài)填空）

1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.（改為被動語態(tài)）

Theirclassroom_____often______bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.（同上）

Anewpen_________________Tomlastweek.

iscleanedwasgivenbyPractice第二十八頁，共34頁。3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.（同上）

English________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.（同上）

English__________________forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillreadthesestory-booksnextmonth.（同上）

Thesestory-books_______________nextmonth.canbespokenhasbeenlearnedwillberead第二十九頁，共34頁。5.－Doyouliketheskirt?－It_______soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt6.Areyoustillhere?Youwerehereanhourago.Who________for?A.areyouwaitingB.didyouwaitC.wereyouwaitingD.doyouwait7._____toknowProfessorZhang.A.HesaidB.IsaidC.HeissaidD.Itsays8.－Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow.

－Sorry,______already.A.ittookB.ittakesC.itistakingD.ithasbeentaken第三十頁，共34頁。9.Theletter_______threedaysagoandit_____yesterday.

A.hadpost,hadarrivedB.wasposted,arrivedC.posted,arrivedD.hadbeenposted,wasarrived10.Hetoldmethatthefinalexamination_______nextThursday.A.isgivenB.willbegivenC.wouldhavegivenD.wouldbegiven11.Water______intoice.A.willchangedB.mustbechangedC.shouldchangeD.canbechanged12.Thebirds_______flyawaylastSaturday.