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九年級英語被動語態(tài)語法講解語態(tài):表示主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。英語有兩種語態(tài),即主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài):表示主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者。被動語態(tài):表示主語是謂語動作的承受者。如:Manystudents
study
English.(主動語態(tài))English
isstudied
bymanystudents.(被動語態(tài))語態(tài)第二頁,共34頁。1)不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰何時使用被動語態(tài)?Mybikewasstolenyesterday.2)沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者M(jìn)oretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.3)需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動作的承受者Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.第三頁,共34頁。被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)
助動詞be+過去分詞(be+done)第四頁,共34頁。一般現(xiàn)在時:am/is/are+done
一般過去時:
was/were+
done
一般將來時:
willbe/begoingtobe+
done
情態(tài)動詞:must/can/could/may+be+
done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時:
be(am/is/are)+being
+
done現(xiàn)在完成時:
have/has+been
+
done被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成:be
+done各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài):第五頁,共34頁。1.WearegladthattheShenzhenUnderground_____verysoon.(2013深圳)A.willbecompletedB.willcompleteC.hascompletedD.hasbeencompleted2.Thecomputer_____inJapanin2003andIhavehaditforonlyoneweek.(2013中考)A.wasmadeB.canbemadeC.ismadeD.made歷屆中考題對被動語態(tài)句子時態(tài)的考核:由時間狀語verysoon可以確定該句應(yīng)該用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。由時間狀語in2003(過去的時間),可以確定該句應(yīng)該用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。第六頁,共34頁。3.Hewillgofishingifhiswork_____.(2013河北)A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone4.Today,theforestshavealmostgone.Peoplemust_____downtoomanytrees.(2013安徽)A.stoptocutB.stopfromcuttingC.bestoppedtocutD.bestoppedfromcutting歷屆中考題被動語態(tài)知識點的綜合考核:7.在條件狀語從句中,主句用一般將來時從句要用現(xiàn)在時,同時該句又應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)。8.對句式”stopsb.fromdoingsth.”被動語態(tài)的考核”sb.bestoppedfromdoingsth.”B選項如果去掉“from”,成為另一句式”stopdoingsth.”,也是對的。Grade3第七頁,共34頁。主動語態(tài)如何變被動語態(tài)WespeakEnglish.主語謂語賓語Englishisspokenbyus.主語謂語賓語賓變主,主變介賓謂變bedone時不變(be體現(xiàn)時態(tài),人稱和數(shù)的變化)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)第八頁,共34頁。TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenhelphimwithhomework.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Heisoftenhelpedwithhomeworkbythem.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.第九頁,共34頁。1.They
bought
acomputerlastterm.
bythemlastterm.2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):was/were+過去分詞lastyear.2.We
plantedmanytreeslastyear.ManytreeswereplantedAcomputerwasbought第十頁,共34頁。Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedtheroomsforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Theroomswereusedforrestingbythem.第十一頁,共34頁。3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):begoingtobe/willbe+過去分詞1.Theywillfinish
theworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomisgoingtoclean
theroomtomorrow.Theroom
isgoingtobecleanedbyTomtomorrow.第十二頁,共34頁。Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterisgoingtogiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkisgoingtobegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.第十三頁,共34頁。4.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞1.Amy
cantakegoodcareof
Gina
.byAmy.Ginacanbetakengoodcareof2.Youshoulddrink
morewater.Morewater
shouldbedrunkbyyou.第十四頁,共34頁。1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.
Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.第十五頁,共34頁。5.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)have/has+been+過去分詞Wehavemade
akey.byus.Akeyhasbeenmade2.Wehavefinished
ourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.第十六頁,共34頁。被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊類型1.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài).(指物的賓語叫直接賓語,指人的賓語叫間接賓語)如:1.Hegaveme
abook.
giveme
abook間直=giveabooktome直間-Iwasgivenabookbyhim.-AbookwasgiventomebyTom.
2.Iboughthimabook.
-Hewasboughtabookbyme.-Abookwasboughtforhimbyme.第十七頁,共34頁。to:pass,give,show,bring,sell,send,tell,teach,return,lendfor:make,buy,get,choose,cook第十八頁,共34頁。
Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Iturnedofftheradio.2.含有短語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)-----Mychildistakengoodcareof.---Theradiowasturnedoff(byme).
動詞短語是一個不可分割的整體,在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,不可丟掉構(gòu)成的動詞短語的介詞和副詞。第十九頁,共34頁。即hear,watch,see,make,let,這些詞在主動句中,其后的動詞不加to,但變被動句時必須加to.1.Isaw
himplaybasketballlastSunday.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.2.Thebossmakes
himworkfor10hours.Heismadetoworkfor10hours.3.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài)第二十頁,共34頁。Payattentiontothis:1)像happen,takeplace,不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。不用被動語態(tài)的情況Atrafficaccident__________(happen)justnow.happened2)連系動詞look,sound,taste,smell
等不用被動語態(tài)。Mooncakestastedelicious.Theideasoundsgreat.第二十一頁,共34頁。1)當(dāng)表示主語質(zhì)地,自身特征的動詞open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive與副詞well或easily連用時,可用主動語態(tài)表被動意義,用作不及物動詞。Thiskindofpenwrites
smoothly.Thiskindofshirt_______wellhere.這種樣式的襯衣在這兒很好賣。sells主動形式表被動意義第二十二頁,共34頁。2)在beworthdoing中,doing表被動意義。Thebookisworth
reading.3)need
doing=need
tobedone
tobedone
表不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。Mybikeneeds
repairing.=Mybikeneeds
tobe
repaired.第二十三頁,共34頁。Trythis!1.Lastyear,LiHua,acollegestudent,____toworkfortheOlympicGames.(2008,河北)AischoosingBisCwaschoosingDwaschosen2.----Who’sthelittlebabyinthephoto,Susan?----It’sme,thisphoto______tenyearsago.(2008,北京)AtakesBistakenCtookDwastaken3.It’sreportedthattheUndergroundLinesNo.3_____inourcityin2010.(2008,南京)AwillbuildBhasbuildCwillbebuiltDhasbeenbuilt4.----Lookatthesignontheright.----Ok,parking____here.(2008,河南)Adoesn’tallowBisn’tallowedCdidn’tallowDwasn’tallowed第二十四頁,共34頁。5.---Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?---Alotofnewroads___,Ithink.(2008,呼爾浩特)AmustbebuiltBhavetobuildCmustbuildDhavebuilt6.---Doyoubelievetherearealiens?---I’mafraidnot.Idon’tthinkaliens__inspace.(2008,黃岡)AcanfindBcanbefoundCcanbefoundedDcan’tbefound7.----Alice,You___onthephone.----I’mcoming.Thanks.(2008,遼寧)AwantBarewantedCarewantingDhavewanted8.Thethief_____bythepolicemanalready.(2008,杭州)AiscaughtBcaughtChascaughtDhasbeencaught9.Mary___thesongataparty.(2008,廣東)AheardsingBwasheardsungCwasheardtosingDwasheardsing第二十五頁,共34頁。10.---Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?---Well,it’ssurprising.Thestrongestteamofourschool___.(2008,大連)AwasbeatenBwonCscoredDwasfailed11.---Didyouhaveanyone___thegoldfish?---Yes,Ihadthegoldfish____.(2007,煙臺)Afeed,feedBtofeed,fedCfeed,tobefedDfeed,fed12.---DoyouoftenseeWilliam___ontheplayground?---No,heisoftenseen___Chinesekungfuinthepark.Arun,playBrun,toplayCrunning,playDrunning,toplay.(2007,濰坊)13.---WillyoucometojoinusthisSunday?---Iwon’tcomeunlessBob___.(2007,煙臺)AisinvitedBwillbeinvitedCcaninvitedDinvites
第二十六頁,共34頁。14.Today,theforestshavealmostgone.Peoplemust___downtoomanytrees.(2006,重慶)
AstoptocutBstopfromcuttingCbekeptcuttingDbestoppedfromcutting15.---Haveallthestudentsknownthatourclasswillvisitthefactorythisafternoon?---Yes,everystudent____aboutit.(2007,寧波)
AhavetoldBhavebeentoldChastoldDhasbeentold16.Thiskindofclothes___well.Andit___.(2007,陜西)
Asells,hasbeensoldoutBissold,hasbeensoldoutCwassold,soldoutDsells,soldout
第二十七頁,共34頁。填空(完成被動語態(tài)填空)
1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.(改為被動語態(tài))
Theirclassroom_____often______bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.(同上)
Anewpen_________________Tomlastweek.
iscleanedwasgivenbyPractice第二十八頁,共34頁。3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.(同上)
English________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.(同上)
English__________________forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillreadthesestory-booksnextmonth.(同上)
Thesestory-books_______________nextmonth.canbespokenhasbeenlearnedwillberead第二十九頁,共34頁。5.-Doyouliketheskirt?-It_______soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt6.Areyoustillhere?Youwerehereanhourago.Who________for?A.areyouwaitingB.didyouwaitC.wereyouwaitingD.doyouwait7._____toknowProfessorZhang.A.HesaidB.IsaidC.HeissaidD.Itsays8.-Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow.
-Sorry,______already.A.ittookB.ittakesC.itistakingD.ithasbeentaken第三十頁,共34頁。9.Theletter_______threedaysagoandit_____yesterday.
A.hadpost,hadarrivedB.wasposted,arrivedC.posted,arrivedD.hadbeenposted,wasarrived10.Hetoldmethatthefinalexamination_______nextThursday.A.isgivenB.willbegivenC.wouldhavegivenD.wouldbegiven11.Water______intoice.A.willchangedB.mustbechangedC.shouldchangeD.canbechanged12.Thebirds_______flyawaylastSaturday.
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