培英人教版必修一Unit2-English-around-the-World-Warming-up

Unit2EnglishAroundtheWorld怕吃苦，苦一輩子，不怕苦，苦一陣子有一段父子之間經(jīng)典的對(duì)話(huà)，告訴了我們努力讀書(shū)和不讀書(shū)的大不同。WarmingupandReadingWhyshouldyoulearnEnglish?touseforbusiness.touseinschool.towritetopenfriends.totalktonativespeakers.toreadEnglishbooks.tolistentoEnglishmusicandwatchfilms.inan

international

talk/meetingInwhatsituationsisEnglishused?inschoolsontheair(onTV,ontheradio…)WhenwesingEnglishsongs.WhenwelistentoEnglish.EnglishAmericaIrelandChinaCanada

TheU.k.PakistanPhilippinesSouthAfricaNewZealandNigeriaWhichcountriesusedEnglishastheofficial/nativelanguage?CountriesspeakEnglishastheirmothertongueBritain(UK)America(USA)CanadaAustraliaNewZealand

SouthAfricathe

USACanadaNewZealandAustraliaSouthAfricatheUnitedKingdomIreland

AMERICANENGLISHANDBRITISHENGLISHLet’sgotothepictures!Ok.Buthowshallwegotothemovies?DoyouknowthedifferencebetweenB.EandA.E?WhynotgobyUnderground?Er,butthesubwaystationisfaraway.BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishvsComeon!Yeah!Doyouwanttocometomyflat?Howfarisyourapartment?Itisbeautiful?Shallwegotothepubtocelebrateyourbirthday?Wow,barisaniceplace.Wow,IwantatinofCoko,somebiscuits

and

sweets.Whataboutyou,Obama

?Well,Iwantacanofmilktea,somecookiesandsomecandies.Hey,let’sgoandseeasoccergame.Itisveryexciting.Great.Ilikefootballmatchverymuch.Timetogohome.Let’sgototheelevatortogether.Ohno,theliftmustbefullofpeoplethistime.ChineseBritishEnglishAmericanEnglish公寓酒吧罐頭糖果餅干電梯比賽足球秋天汽油Trytowritedownthewords.flatapartmentpubbartincansweetscandybiscuitcookieliftelevatormatchgamefootballsoccerautumnfallpetrolgascolour

color

centre

traveledtravelledcenterdancenot[d?ns][da:ns][nat][nэt]autumnfallIthinkIguessspellingpronunciationvocabularyexpressionsPre-readingWithyourpartner,listthecountriesthatuseEnglishasanofficiallanguage.WhichcountrydoyouthinkhasthemostEnglishlearners?

THEROADTOMODERNENGLISHReadingofficial官方的voyage航行,航海native本國(guó)的,本地的present現(xiàn)在的、出席的gradually逐漸地vocabulary詞匯Newwordsactually事實(shí)上latter后者的identity身份fluent流利的Singapore新加坡Malaysia馬來(lái)西亞

frequently頻繁地

TheRoadtoModernEnglishAttheendofthe16thcentury,aboutfivetosevenmillionpeoplespokeEnglish.NearlyallofthemlivedinEngland.16世紀(jì)末期大約有5百萬(wàn)到7百萬(wàn)人說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，幾乎所有這些人都生活在英國(guó)。在……盡頭；在……結(jié)束時(shí)adv.差不多，幾乎；密切地Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.后來(lái)，在17世紀(jì)英國(guó)人開(kāi)始航海征服了世界其它地區(qū)。于是，許多別的國(guó)家開(kāi)始說(shuō)英語(yǔ)了。n.航行；航海v.征服；占領(lǐng)因?yàn)?；由于becauseof+短語(yǔ)/詞because+句子begintodosth.開(kāi)始做……Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondoraforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.如今說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人比以往任何時(shí)候都多，他們有的是作為第一語(yǔ)言來(lái)說(shuō)，有的是作為第二語(yǔ)言或外語(yǔ)。比以往任何時(shí)候更……adj.外國(guó)的；外交的；異質(zhì)的；不想關(guān)的As用法小結(jié)conj.因?yàn)?；隨著；雖然；依照；當(dāng)…時(shí)

prep.如同；當(dāng)作；以…的身份

adv.同樣地；和…一樣的一、as作連詞的用法

1.as...as的用法

as...as意為“和……一樣”，表示同級(jí)的比較。使用時(shí)要注意第一個(gè)as為副詞，第二個(gè)as為連詞?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：as+adj./adv.+as；否定式：notas/so+adj./adv.+ase.g.Thisfilmisasinterestingasthatone.這部電影和那部電影一樣有趣。

Yourpenwritesassmoothlyasmine.

你的鋼筆書(shū)寫(xiě)起來(lái)和我的一樣流暢。

Thisdictionaryisnotas/sousefulasyouthink.這本字典不如你想象的那樣有用。修飾成分(twice,threetimes,half,aquarter)須置于第一個(gè)as之前。e.g.Yourbagistwiceasexpensiveasmine.你的袋子比我的貴兩倍。

as...as的常見(jiàn)句型：(1)as...aspossible

e.g.Pleaseanswermyquestionassoonaspossible.

請(qǐng)盡快回答我的問(wèn)題。(2)as...asusual/before

e.g.Shelooksasprettyasbefore.她看起來(lái)和以前一樣漂亮。(3)aslongas...(引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句)

e.g.Ittookusaslongasthreeyearstocarryouttheplan.我們花了長(zhǎng)達(dá)三年的時(shí)間才完成這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。(4)asfaras

e.g.Hewalkedasfarastherailwaystationyesterdayevening.昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火車(chē)站。(5)aswellas

e.g.Shecooksaswellashermotherdoes.她燒菜燒得跟她母親一樣好。盡快只要；與…一樣長(zhǎng)至于，直到，遠(yuǎn)到；就…而言也；和…一樣；不但…而且2.as用作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

as與when，while都是引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞，含義都是“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。區(qū)別：用when時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)作可以與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先于主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生e.g.Itwassnowingwhenhearrivedattheconstructionsite.

他到工地時(shí)正在下雪。用while時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)作為一過(guò)程，主句動(dòng)作與從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行或在從句動(dòng)作過(guò)程中發(fā)生e.g.HewaswatchingTVwhilehismotherwascooking.

他在看電視，他媽在做飯用as時(shí)，主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，具有延續(xù)的含義e.g.Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.

你會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)越來(lái)越聰明。3.as用作連詞引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句

as，because，since都可以表示因果關(guān)系，連接原因狀語(yǔ)從句，含義是“因?yàn)?，由于”區(qū)別：because表示的語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)e.g.Hewillsucceedbecauseheisinearnest.

他一定會(huì)成功，因?yàn)樗苷J(rèn)真。as一般放在句首，語(yǔ)氣較弱，較口語(yǔ)化e.g.Asrainhasfallen,theairiscooler.

因?yàn)橄逻^(guò)雨，空氣比較清爽。since常常用在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，表示多為對(duì)方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因，有時(shí)可譯作“既然”

e.g.Sinceyouaresosureofithe’llbelieveyou.

既然你對(duì)此如此有把握，他會(huì)相信你的。4.as作連詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

as與although(或though)，however(或nomatterhow)等都可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，含義是“雖然，盡管”區(qū)別：although語(yǔ)氣稍正式些，可放在句首，也可放在句中，主句中不能再用but，但可以用yete.g.Althoughheisquiteold,hestilljogseveryday.他雖然年紀(jì)相當(dāng)大，仍然每天慢跑。as所表示的語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句用倒裝語(yǔ)序e.g.Strangeasitmayseem,nobodywasinjuredintheaccident.

這次意外雖然顯得令人不可思議，卻沒(méi)有人受傷。however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，它的后面可跟形容詞或副詞，也要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。e.g.Howeverhardhemaytry,hewillnotattainhisgoal.

無(wú)論他怎樣努力也達(dá)不到目標(biāo)。二、as作關(guān)系代詞的用法

1.as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句與其他詞連用

①thesame...as結(jié)構(gòu)

e.g.ThisisthesamebookasIreadlastweek.

這本書(shū)和我上周讀的那本是一樣的。②such...as結(jié)構(gòu)e.g.Idon’tlikesuchbooksasherecommends.

我不喜歡他推薦的那些書(shū)。③so+adj.+a/an+n.(單數(shù))+as結(jié)構(gòu)

e.g.IamnotsostrongamanasIwas.

我已經(jīng)沒(méi)有從前那么強(qiáng)壯了。2.as單獨(dú)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句

as單獨(dú)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，先行詞可以是一個(gè)詞，也可以是一個(gè)句子或短語(yǔ)。e.g.Sheislate,asisoftenthecase.

她遲到了，這是經(jīng)常的事。e.g.Toshutyoureyestofacts,asmanyofyoudo,isfoolish.對(duì)事實(shí)視而不見(jiàn)——你們好多人都是如此的愚蠢。三、as作介詞的用法

as作介詞，意思是“作為”，“以……身份”。e.g.HecametoChinaasatouristfiveyearsago.

他五年前以游客的身份來(lái)過(guò)中國(guó)。四、as作副詞的用法

“相同地”，“同樣地”e.g.Theydon’thaveasmanyairplanes.

他們沒(méi)有同樣多的飛機(jī)。NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Lookatthisexample:BritishBetty:Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?AmericanAmy:Yes.I’dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.以英語(yǔ)作為母語(yǔ)的人，即使他們所講的語(yǔ)言不盡相同，也可以互相交流。請(qǐng)看以下例子：英國(guó)人貝蒂：“請(qǐng)到我的公寓里來(lái)看看，好嗎？”美國(guó)人艾米：“好的。我很樂(lè)意到你的公寓去?！奔词梗槐M管相當(dāng)于eventhough引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句adj.本國(guó)的；土著的；天然的；與生俱來(lái)的；天賦的n.本地人；土產(chǎn)；當(dāng)?shù)鼐用褡呓?；上?lái)；提出SowhyhasEnglishchangedovertime?Actuallyalllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.那么，英語(yǔ)在一段時(shí)間里為什么會(huì)起變化呢？事實(shí)上，當(dāng)不同文化互相交流滲透時(shí)，所有的語(yǔ)言都會(huì)有所發(fā)展，有所變化。隨著時(shí)間的過(guò)去；超時(shí)adv.事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上與……通消息；交流communicate:v.通訊，傳達(dá)；相通；感染AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.首先，在公元450年到1150年間，人們所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)跟今天所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)就很不一樣。當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多地是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)的，而現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)不是。起先；首先；最初過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作定語(yǔ)，與被修飾的詞在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系bedifferentfrom與…不同；不同于base:v.以……為根據(jù)n.基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)現(xiàn)在；目前present:v.提出；介紹；呈現(xiàn)；贈(zèng)送adj.現(xiàn)在的；出席的n.現(xiàn)在；禮物ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150,EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.ThesenewsettlersenrichedtheEnglishlanguageandespeciallyitsvocabulary.然后，漸漸地，大約在公元800年到1150年期間，英語(yǔ)不那么像德語(yǔ)了。因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)的英國(guó)的統(tǒng)治者起初講丹麥語(yǔ)后來(lái)講法語(yǔ)。這些新的定居者大大豐富了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言，特別是在詞匯方面。adv.逐漸地；逐步地gradual:adj.逐漸的；逐步的rule:v.統(tǒng)治；管轄；裁定；規(guī)定；支配n.統(tǒng)治；規(guī)則n.移居者；殖民者v.使充實(shí)；使肥沃；使富足adv.特別；尤其；格外n.詞匯；詞匯量；詞表Sobythe1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.In1620someBritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Laterinthe18thcenturysomeBritishpeopleweretakentoAustraliatoo.Englishbegantobespokeninbothcountries.所以到17世紀(jì)，莎士比亞所用的詞匯量比以前任何時(shí)期都大。在1620年，一些英國(guó)人搬遷到美洲定居。后來(lái)，到了19世紀(jì)，有些英國(guó)人也被送往澳大利亞，兩個(gè)國(guó)家的人都開(kāi)始說(shuō)英語(yǔ)了。by+時(shí)間：在…時(shí)候；到…的時(shí)候1600’s表示17世紀(jì)的1600s表示17世紀(jì)利用；使用adj.寬的；廣闊的wide:adj.廣泛的；寬的，廣闊的adv.廣泛地；廣闊地；充分地n.移動(dòng)；步驟；遷居v.移動(dòng)；搬家，遷移；離開(kāi)；感動(dòng)Finallybythe19thcenturythelanguagewassettled.AtthattimetwobigchangesinEnglishspellinghappened:firstSamuelJohnsonwrotehisdictionaryandlaterNoahWebsterwroteTheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.ThelattergaveaseparateidentitytoAmericanEnglishspelling.最后，到20世紀(jì)，英語(yǔ)才真正定形。那時(shí)，英語(yǔ)在拼寫(xiě)上發(fā)生了兩大變化：首先，塞繆爾·約翰遜編寫(xiě)了詞典，后來(lái)，諾厄·韋伯斯特編纂了《美國(guó)英語(yǔ)詞典》，后者體現(xiàn)了美國(guó)英語(yǔ)拼寫(xiě)的不同特色。v.解決；定居；安排；沉淀；下陷adj.較后的；后半的；（兩者中）后者的v.（使）分離；（使）分開(kāi)；（使）分居adj.單獨(dú)的；分開(kāi)的n.分開(kāi)n.本身；本體；身份n.拼寫(xiě)；拼法EnglishnowisalsospokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinSouthAsia.Forexample,IndiahasaverylargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakersbecauseBritainruledIndiafrom1765to1947.DuringthattimeEnglishbecamethelanguageforgovernmentandeducation.現(xiàn)在，英語(yǔ)在南亞也被當(dāng)作外語(yǔ)或第二語(yǔ)言來(lái)說(shuō)。比如說(shuō)，印度擁有眾多講英語(yǔ)很流利的人，這是因?yàn)橛?guó)于1765年到1947年統(tǒng)治過(guò)印度。在那期間，英語(yǔ)成了官方語(yǔ)言和教育用語(yǔ)。adj.流利的；流暢的fluently:adv.流利地；流暢地anumberof許多；若干，一些thenumberof……的數(shù)量EnglishisalsospokeninSingaporeandMalaysiaandcountriesinAfricasuchasSouthAfrica.TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.Infact,ChinamayhavethelargestnumberofEnglishlearners.WillChineseEnglishdevelopitsownidentity?Onlytimewilltell.在新加坡、馬來(lái)西亞和非洲其它國(guó)家，比如南非，人們也說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。目前在中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的人數(shù)正在迅速增長(zhǎng)。事實(shí)上，中國(guó)可能擁有世界上最多的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者。中國(guó)英語(yǔ)會(huì)發(fā)展出自己的特色嗎？這只能由時(shí)間來(lái)回答了。例如…；像這種的PredictionReadthetitle“TheroadtomodernEnglish”andpredict(預(yù)測(cè))whatthepassageismainlyabout?Task1:skimmingWhat’sthetextmainlyabout?the_________________ofEnglish2.Thetextisdevelopedmainlyby_____?A.placeB.timeC.peoplehistory/developmentTask2:scanningMatchthenumberoftheparagraphwiththemeaningofeachpart.Para.1

ManypeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Para.2

NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Para.3-4

Languageschangewhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewithoneanother.EnglishisspokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinSouthAsia.

Para.5Task3:FillintheformPleasereadthepassagecarefullyandfillintheform(accordingtothetime).TimeDevelopmentBetweenaboutAD450and1150Englishwasbasedmoreon1._______.BetweenaboutAD800-1150Englishwasinfluencedby2._______and3._______.4.___________Shakespeareusedawidervocabularythaneverbefore.GermanDanishFrenchInthe1600’sTimeDevelopment5.________BritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Inthe18thcenturySomeBritishpeopleweretakento6._________.Bythe19thcenturyEnglishwassettledbytwo7.__________.TillnowEnglishhasbeenspokenin8._____,9._________,10._______,11.__________andChina.In1620AustraliadictionariesIndiaSingaporeMalaysiaSouthAfricatimeplaceLanguagecanchangewithtime.Languagecanchangewhenculturescommunicatewitheachother.Conclusion:Task4:listeningandcomprehendingChoosethecorrectanswer1.Englishhas/hadthemostspeakers___.NowadaysB.whentheBritishruledmanypartsoftheworldC.inthetimeofShakespeareD.inthe12thcentury2.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?A.LanguagesalwaysstaythesameB.LanguageschangeonlyafterwarsC.LanguagesnolongerchangeD.Languageschangewhencultureschange3.FromAD450to1150,Englishsoundedmorelike_____?A.FrenchB.ChineseC.GermanD.Russian4.Shakespeare’sEnglishwasspokenaround______?A.1400’sB.1150’sC.450’sD.1600’s5.WhichcountryhasthefastestgrowingnumberofEnglishspeakersintheworld?A.AustraliaB.ChinaC.IndiaD.BritainEnglishhadthemostspeakersinthe17thcentury.EnglishdevelopedwhennewsettlersandrulerscametoBritain.Languagefrequentlychange.TrueorFalseTFF(now)______________________(gradually)Thelanguageofthegovernmentisalwaysthelanguagesofthecountry.EnglishisoneoftheofficiallanguagesusedinIndia.ThisreadingdescribesthedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.FTT_______(India,Malaysia,Singapore)Task5:discussionAsweallknow,Englishiswidelyusedinmanyfields,WhileChineseisspokenbythelargestspeakers.DoyouthinkChinesewillbecomeaninternationallanguageallovertheworldinthenearfuture?Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldLanguagepointsLaterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseof

that,...voyage

在此為可數(shù)名詞,意為“旅行,

航行”。如：Theysuppliedthisshipwithenoughfoodandnecessitiesforalongvoyage.TheTitanicwentunderonitsfirstvoyage.voyage還可用作動(dòng)詞,意為“(乘船)航行,航?！薄Ｈ纾篢heyplannedtovoyageacrossthePacificO用作不可數(shù)名詞,只用于泛指從某地去另一地,如果某人在某段時(shí)間里到處走,可用travels;journey用作可數(shù)名詞,表示去某地所花的時(shí)間和旅行的距離,尤指較長(zhǎng)距離的或定期的旅行;

trip用作可數(shù)名詞,表示非定期的,也許較短的往返旅行;

voyage則常指海上旅行或太空旅行。travel,journey,trip&voyage①Airtravel

isbecomingcheaper.②He’sonhistravelsagain.③Lilyhadalonganddifficultjourney

throughthemountainslastyear.④Thekidsaregoingonatriptothecastle.becauseof后邊加名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。

because是連詞，后接從句。e.g.Shecametoschoollatebecauseshegotuplate.Shecametoschoollatebecauseofgettinguplate.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，完成下列句子。因?yàn)槲廴緡?yán)重，許多美麗的魚(yú)正在迅速消失。Manybeautifulfisharefastdisappearing__________theseverepollution.Manybeautifulfisharefastdisappearing_______thepollutionissevere.becauseofbecause

2.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.

把英語(yǔ)作為母語(yǔ)的人相互之間可以交流,

即使他們說(shuō)的不是同一種英語(yǔ)。evenif=(eventhough)是連詞詞組，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“盡管；即使”。evenif/eventhoughevenif從句所說(shuō)的不肯定；而eventhough從句所說(shuō)的則是事實(shí)。Hewillnotletoutthesecretevenifheknowsit.Hewillnotletoutthesecreteventhoughheknowsit.他對(duì)秘密知道與否不一定他知道這個(gè)秘密

用if,asif,evenif填空。(1)_______Ihadmoney,Iwouldn’tbuyit.(2)____Ihadmoney,Iwouldbuyit.(3)Itlooks______itisgoingtorain.(evenif引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句;asif/though“似乎是……”引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句)EvenifIfasifnative可以作名詞，意為：本地人，本國(guó)人；也可以作形容詞，意為：本國(guó)的，本土的。1)Whenwe’reonholidayinGreece,welivelikethenatives.2)Areyouanativeofthiscountry,orjustavisitor?4)AfteralongstayinEnglandhe’sbackinhisnativeland.nativespeaker

生來(lái)就說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言的人。如：anativespeakerofFrench/English3)ThegiantpandaisnativetoChina.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示，用native的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。(1)Hehasbeenawayfrom______________（他的故土中國(guó)）forthreeyears.(2)He’s_________________（美國(guó)人）

butnowlivesinEngland.hisnativeChinaanativeofAmerica3.I’dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.

comeup上來(lái),走近;被提出;發(fā)芽;升起Thefinalexamiscomingupsoon.It’stimeforustostartourstudies.Comeuptothefrontoftheroom,please.到來(lái)走近Afewnewquestionscameupatthemeeting.Theseedscomeupinspring.被提出長(zhǎng)出來(lái)comeupwith意為“提出，想出”。如：Heacross偶然遇到或找到comeback再現(xiàn)記憶comedown傳承,按習(xí)慣通過(guò)或處理comeon催促,快速運(yùn)動(dòng)comeout成為眾所周知;發(fā)行或發(fā)表comeup出現(xiàn),顯示cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)comeupwith宣布或發(fā)現(xiàn)4.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.

當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多的是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)的,

而現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)不是。basev.

意為“以……為根據(jù),把基礎(chǔ)設(shè)在……”,常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)

basesth.on/uponsth.如：Thisnovelisbasedonfact.這部小說(shuō)是以事實(shí)為根據(jù)的。ThepaperhadintendedtobaseitselfinLondon.ThisfilmisbasedonanovelbyD.H.Lawrence.base還可用作名詞,意為“底部,基地,基礎(chǔ)”等。如:Thereisadooratthebaseofthetower.Howmanymilitarybasesaretheymaintainingonforeignsoil?ManylanguageshaveLatinastheirbase.掌握base構(gòu)成的兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)：be

off

base

完全錯(cuò)誤,大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò)touch

base(with)sb.(跟某人)聯(lián)系上,逗留

用base的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Thisbook________onatruestory.2.Maryalways______herideasonscientificexperiments.

isbased

bases2)presentadj.

當(dāng)前的,現(xiàn)在的(作前置定語(yǔ))Didyouseethepresentnationalleaders?Canyoutellussomethingaboutthepresentsituation?出席的,在場(chǎng)的(作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ))Ourteacherwaspresentatthemeeting.Allthepeoplepresentagreetomyplan.

n.

目前,現(xiàn)在;禮物Ican’tsparetimebecauseIambusyat

present.Whatpresentdidyoureceivefromyourparents?at

present=now=atthistime/moment

e.g.She’sbusyat

presentandcan’tspeaktoyou.她現(xiàn)在很忙,不能跟你談話(huà)。At

presentheisaprofessorofmathematicsatCambridge.目前他是劍橋大學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)教授。vt.

贈(zèng)與,贈(zèng)給予,給,提出presentsb.withsth.或presentsth.tosb.把……交給,頒發(fā),授予e.g.Motherpresentedagifttomejustnow.Onhisbirthday,hisfriendspresentedhimwithaseriesofreaders/presentedaseriesofreaders

tohim.(送給他一套讀本)5.…Shakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.

莎士比亞使用了比以前更為廣泛的詞匯量。make(good/full/no…)useofe.g.Wecouldmakegooduseofourresources.Everyminuteshouldbemadegooduseof.

6.EnglishisalsospokeninSingapore andMalaysiaandcountriesinAfrica suchasSouthAfrica. suchas&forexamplesuchas用來(lái)列舉事物時(shí),一般列舉同類(lèi)人或事物中的幾個(gè)例子且所列舉事物的數(shù)量不能等于它前面所提到的總和,一旦相等,要用thatis或namely。Ihavethreegoodfriends,such

asJohn,JackandTom.Hecanspeakfourlanguages,

such

as

EnglishandFrench.×forexample用來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明某一論點(diǎn)或情況,一般只舉同類(lèi)人或物中的“