Module4 Planes,ships and trains同步教案 外研版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)

外研版八年級(jí)（上）Module4Planes,shipsandtrains同步教案教學(xué)目標(biāo)知識(shí)與技能：掌握重點(diǎn)單詞、短語(yǔ)等問(wèn)題的解題基本技能過(guò)程與方法：讓學(xué)生了解形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)等相關(guān)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)形成的過(guò)程、“親歷”探究知識(shí)的過(guò)程；學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題、思考問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題的方法，學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)，形成創(chuàng)新精神和實(shí)踐能力等。情感、態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀：通過(guò)對(duì)教學(xué)和講課過(guò)程中授予的知識(shí)文化，讓學(xué)生形成積極的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度、健康向上的人生態(tài)度，具有科學(xué)精神和正確的世界觀、人生觀、價(jià)值觀，成為有社會(huì)責(zé)任感和使命感的社會(huì)公民。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)：形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)難點(diǎn)：形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)梳理重點(diǎn)單詞互譯1.road 2.accident 3.除...以外 4.選擇5.同班同學(xué)6.遙遠(yuǎn)的7.close8.crowded9.journey10.book11.停車(chē)12.在...之外13.however14.cost重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)互譯1.最舒適的方式 2.exceptfor3.住得最近________________4.theclosesttoschool_____________5.最糟糕的方式____________6.thefastestway_________________7.最危險(xiǎn)的方式____________8.thebestwaytotravel____________9.停留在市中心外面_______________10.getcrowded___________________11.旅途愉快_______________12.aswell______________13.從...到...________________重點(diǎn)句型必背（課文經(jīng)典句型）1.Iwaslateforschooltoday.2.MaybeIshouldgotoschoolbytaxi.3.Herhomeistheclosesttoschool,soshewalks.4.Whatisthebestwaytotravel?5.Howlongdoesthejourneytake?重點(diǎn)知識(shí)精講一、詞匯考點(diǎn)1.accidentn.交通事故；意外事件【例句】Whataterribleaccident!多么可怕的交通事故??！【拓展】辨析accident與chanceaccident事故，不測(cè)事件，主要指不能預(yù)知的不幸事件或?yàn)?zāi)難chance偶然機(jī)會(huì)，碰巧發(fā)生的事，不如accident正式，主要指巧合Theymetwithanaccident.他們遇到了一起事故。Imetanoldfriendofminebychance.我偶然碰見(jiàn)了我的一位老朋友?！揪毩?xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇---Whathappened?---Therewasacar________overthere.A.accidentB.crashC.chanceD.stop2.exceptprep.除......之外【例句】Theywereallthereexceptme.除了我以外他們都在那里。【拓展】except,exceptfor,besides與but辨析(1)except“把......除外”,指排除之外,不包含后邊的內(nèi)容,前面常用表示整體的詞；(2)exceptfor“除了”,用于強(qiáng)調(diào)肯定大部分,否定其中的一部分,可以理解為“除了......;美中不足的是......”；(3)besides“除……之外(還有)”,包括后面的內(nèi)容。exceptbesides(4)but常與noone,nobody,nothing,all,everyone,everything等詞連用?！揪毩?xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇1.Thisdressisperfect________thebuttons.A.besideB.exceptforC.besidesD.with2.Allofuswenttothezoo________Tom.Hehadtolookafterhisbrother.A.besidesB.withC.exceptD.beside3.—DoesMrWangknowanyforeignlanguages?—Ofcourse!Hecanspeakseveralforeignlanguages________English.A.exceptB.besidesC.butD.beside4.Nobody________himcouldthinkofthisidea.A.butB.exceptC.besidesD.besidemaybeadv.也許；大概；或許【例句】Maybeyouareright.也許你是對(duì)的?！就卣埂勘嫖鰉aybe與maybemaybe副詞，表示“大概”，只能作狀語(yǔ)maybemay是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，與be連用作句子的謂語(yǔ)，意思是“可能是，也許是”【練習(xí)】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Maybeheisatschool.He______________atschool.closeadj.近的；靠近的adv.靠近地；緊密地【例句】Helivesclosetothemuseum.他住在靠近博物館的地方。【拓展】①closest是close的最高級(jí)形式,close的比較級(jí)為closer,反義詞為far。常構(gòu)成詞組closeto…“靠近......的”,與farfrom…相對(duì)。Ourhouseisclosetothebusstop.我們家緊鄰公共汽車(chē)站。②辨析close與closed③(1)close做動(dòng)詞時(shí)的反義詞為open“打開(kāi)”。(2)closed的反義詞也是open“打開(kāi)的”,open此時(shí)為形容詞?！揪毩?xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇Myhomeisclose_______thefactory.A.toB.atC.inD.for根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子我們是親密的朋友。Weare______________.takev.花費(fèi)【例句】Ittookherhalfanhourtofinishthework.她花了半個(gè)小時(shí)完成了這項(xiàng)工作?！就卣埂竣俪Ｓ镁涫?Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.意為“做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”。若對(duì)句式中的時(shí)間提問(wèn),要用“howlong”。---HowlongdoesittakeDamingtogotoschool?上學(xué)花費(fèi)大明多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？---IttakesDamingfifteenminutestogotoschoolonfoot.步行上學(xué)花費(fèi)大明15分鐘的時(shí)間。②辨析spend,pay,cost與takeIspendtwohours(in)readingbookseveryday.我每天花兩個(gè)小時(shí)讀書(shū)。Iwillpay20dollarsforthebag.我要花20美元買(mǎi)這個(gè)包。Thebikecostsme299yuan.這輛自行車(chē)花了我299元。IttakesmeonehourtowatchTVeveryday.我每天花一個(gè)小時(shí)看電視?！揪毩?xí)】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Itwilltakemesixweeks_______(drive)acarwell.按要求完成句子Ittakes____________togetthereeveryday.(對(duì)畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))_____________________ittaketogetthereeveryday?單項(xiàng)選擇I_______＄300forthebike.A.tookB.spentC.costD.paid根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子從北京到青島的火車(chē)票多少錢(qián)?Howmuchdoesthetrainticket_______fromBeijingtoQingdao?二、句型點(diǎn)撥1.Whathappened?【分析】表示“某地/某時(shí)發(fā)生了某事”常用“sth+happened+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)，此時(shí)主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是事物。Thestoryhappenedin2012.這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在2012年。【拓展】①表示“某人出了某事（常指不好的事）”常用“sth+happened+tosb.”這一結(jié)構(gòu)；提問(wèn)時(shí)常用Whathappenedtosb?句型。Acaraccidenthappenedtoherthismorning.今天上午她發(fā)生了交通事故。②表示“某人碰巧做某事”常用“sb.+happen(s)/happened+todosth”這一結(jié)構(gòu)，也可用“Ithappens/happened+that+從句”表達(dá)。Ihappenedtomeetafriendofmineinthestreetyesterday.=IthappenedthatImetafriendofmineinthestreetyesterday.昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一位朋友。【練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇---____________?---Shefelloffthetreeandhurtherleg.A.WhatdidshedoB.WhathappenedtoherC.WheredidshegoD.Howdidshedo2.Iwaslateforschooltoday.【分析】belatefor…意為“······遲了，晚了”，其中l(wèi)ate做形容詞，意為“遲的；晚的”；做副詞時(shí)，意為“遲，晚于規(guī)定的時(shí)刻”。Don’tbelateforwork！上班不要遲到！【拓展】Late的反義詞為early，late的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)分別為later，latest。Sheisthelatestonetocometothemeeting.她是最晚來(lái)參加會(huì)議的人。Look,thisisthelatestnewspaper!看，這是最新的報(bào)紙！【練習(xí)】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子上學(xué)不要遲到。Don’tbe______________school.改為同義句Hecamelatetowork.He_____________________work.3.MaybeIshouldgotoschoolbytaxi.【分析】bytaxi意為“乘出租車(chē)”，介詞by后直接接表示交通工具的單數(shù)名詞。Igotoschoolbybus.我乘公共汽車(chē)去上學(xué)?！就卣埂俊揪毩?xí)】改為同義句HetookthetraintoBeijinglastweek.HewenttoBeijing______________lastweek.單項(xiàng)選擇Theywenttowork_______.A.bybikesB.bybikeC.bythebikesD.byabikeThenwhataboutgoingbybike?【分析】Whatabout...?意為“.......怎么樣？”，用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)消息、提出建議或征求意見(jiàn)。I’mfine.Whataboutyourmother?我很好，你媽媽怎么樣？【拓展】①Whatabout...?=Howabout...?②about是介詞，后面常跟名詞。代詞或動(dòng)名詞。What/Howaboutgoingshopping?去購(gòu)物怎么樣？【練習(xí)】翻譯句子這部電視劇怎么樣？_________________________________________?Helivesthefarthestfromschool,sohetakestheunderground.【分析】farfrom意為“遠(yuǎn)離......”，后面接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞、代詞或副詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)空間距離很長(zhǎng)，之前不可加數(shù)詞。Mr.Smithlivesfarfromthetown.史密斯先生住在離鎮(zhèn)上很遠(yuǎn)的地方?！就卣埂縡arfrom后面要接一個(gè)地點(diǎn)名詞、代詞或副詞，而faraway則不接。如果faraway后面要接地點(diǎn)名詞等，需要加from.HishometownisfarfromGuangdongProvince.他的家鄉(xiāng)離廣東省很遠(yuǎn)。Thedaywhenhecomesbackfromschoolisstillfaraway.離他從學(xué)?；貋?lái)還有很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。【練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇Beijingis____________Guangdong.A.fartoB.farfromC.farawayD.farofAjourneybytrainismorerelaxingthanbycoach,butalotmoreexpensive.【分析1】alot意為“非常,十分”,alot相當(dāng)于much,verymuch,用做狀語(yǔ),可以用在比較級(jí)前面強(qiáng)調(diào)程度。Thanksalot.多謝?！就卣埂慨?dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)比較的程度時(shí),在形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)前還可用abit,alittle,much,far,any,still,even等來(lái)修飾,表示“......些,......得多,更......,甚至......”。而原級(jí)前則常用very,so,too,quite等修飾。MaryismuchtallerthanLucy.瑪麗比露西要高得多?！揪毩?xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇Mikeis______strong,butTonyis_______morestrongerthanhim.A.far;veryB.quite;muchC.much;farD.very;very【分析2】aswell意為“也”,用于肯定句中,通常位于句尾,表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)可位于句中,通常不用逗號(hào)與前面隔開(kāi)。Tomisthecaptainofthefootballteam,andisonthebaseballteamaswell.湯姆是足球隊(duì)隊(duì)長(zhǎng),同時(shí)也是棒球隊(duì)隊(duì)員?！就卣埂縯oo,also,either表示“也”。(1)too是副詞,放在肯定句、疑問(wèn)句的末尾,常用于口語(yǔ)中,并且常用逗號(hào)與前面隔開(kāi)。(2)also也是副詞,只用于肯定句中,放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前,助動(dòng)詞之后。(3)either做副詞,只用于否定句或否定短語(yǔ)后加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,置于句尾,且常用逗號(hào)與前面隔開(kāi)。【練習(xí)】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子她姑姑也在這個(gè)工廠(chǎng)上班。1.Heraunt______worksinthefactory.2.Herauntworksinthefactory____________.3.Herauntworksinthefactory,______.單項(xiàng)選擇1.—Hi,Kate.Youareridingabiketoday.—Yes,drivingacartoschooleverydaymakesmealot______.A.fatB.fatterC.thinD.thinner2.—Iamnotsurewhichtietowearfortheparty.—God!Ihavenoidea,______.A.tooB.neitherC.eitherD.also重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法形容詞、副詞的最高級(jí)一、用法三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度時(shí),用“the+最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示,此結(jié)構(gòu)常用于表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)中,如inourclass,ofthefive等?！hangHuaisthetallestofthethree.張華是三人中最高的?！eworks(the)hardestinhisclass.在他班里,他學(xué)習(xí)最努力。二、形容詞和副詞最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成(1)規(guī)則變化=1\*GB3①一般情況下,單音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)形容詞或副詞加-est。Hardhardestclevercleverestfewfewest=2\*GB3②以-e結(jié)尾的形容詞或副詞加-st。nicenicestlargelargestcloseclosest=3\*GB3③以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的形容詞或副詞,先把y改為i,再加-est。easyeasiestheavyheaviesthappyhappiest=4\*GB3④重讀閉音節(jié)以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的,應(yīng)先雙寫(xiě)輔音字母,再加-est。bigbiggesthothottestthinthinnest=5\*GB3⑤多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞,需要在原級(jí)前加most構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。Beautifulmostbeautifulpopularmostpopular(2)不規(guī)則變化good/wellbestbad/badly/illworstlittleleast【提示】使用最高級(jí)時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)(1)表示“最……之一”的句式,用“oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”?！onyisoneofthemosthard-workingstudents.托尼是最勤奮的學(xué)生之一。(2)當(dāng)最高級(jí)前有物主代詞或名詞所有格時(shí),不加冠詞the?！odayismyhappiestday.今天是我最開(kāi)心的一天。(3)最高級(jí)前可加序數(shù)詞?！hinahasthefirstlargestpopulationintheworld.中國(guó)是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家。(4)形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾的詞做表語(yǔ)時(shí),這個(gè)被修飾的詞常常被省略。·Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.他是他的班里最高的男孩。(5)我們可用原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)三種形式來(lái)表示最高級(jí)。最高級(jí):JimisthethinnestboyinClass4.比較級(jí):JimisthinnerthananyotherboyinClass4.原級(jí):NootherboyisasthinasJiminClass4.【即學(xué)即練】一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Changjiangisoneofthe________(long)riversintheworld.2.Whoruns________(fast),Tim,AdamorMary?3.Thisbluecoatis________________(expensive)coatintheclothesstore.4.Billlives_________(far)fromtheschool,sohehasthelongestjourney.5.Takingaplaneis______________(comfortable)andquickestwaytotravel.二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子1.騎車(chē)是一種最舒服的去上班的方式。Ridingabikeis______________________________togotowork.2.從倫敦到巴黎哪種方式最便宜?____________________________waytogofromLondontoParis?3.從這兒到銀行哪種方式最快?___________________________________togotothebankfromhere?4.黃河是中國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)的河流。TheYellowRiveris_____________________riverinChina.鞏固練習(xí)1.—Didyougetthereby______bus?—No,Itook______taxi.A.a;a B./;a C.the;the D.the;a 2.—______doyougotoschooleveryday?—Bybus.A.How B.Why C.Where D.When 3.Janejumpedthe______ofthesixstudentsinthesportsmeeting.A.far B.farther C.farthest D.farer 4.Remember________thedoorwhenyouleavetheroom.A.close B.closedC.tocloseD.closing5.Ilive______themarket.SoIhavetodrivetobuyvegetablesandfruit.A.faraway B.nearto C.farfrom D.nextto 6.—Doyouknowsoundtra