初中英語語法動詞時態(tài)詳解

初中英語語法動詞時態(tài)詳解動詞的時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)歌謠一般現(xiàn)在時，動詞用原型；一般時單數(shù)三人稱，動詞加“s”。一般過去時，動詞加“ed”。Iwork.Heworks.Iworked.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,進(jìn)行時例句：Iamworking.過去進(jìn)行時,am,is,are,-ing。was,were,-ing。例句：Iwasworking.將來時一般將來時，would加原型。過去將來時，will加原型。Iwillwork.Iwouldwork.完成時現(xiàn)在完成時，have/has加過分。Ihaveworked.過去完成時，had加過分。Ihadworked.各種時態(tài)的用法一、一般現(xiàn)在時1.用法：A.現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性的動作或狀態(tài) B.客觀事實和真理。2.標(biāo)志詞:always,usually,often,sometimes,never,everyday/week/month/year/…1.Theboyusually___(get)toschoolearly.gets2.Light______(travel)s二、一般過去時1.用法：過去的動作或狀態(tài)。2.標(biāo)志詞：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,threedaysago,lastnight/week/month…,inthepast；justnow=amomentago點擊中考LiMingdidn’tunderstandwhatAmericanpeoplesaid,_____?(2004北京市中考)A.couldn’the B.couldhe C.didn’the D.didhe三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1.用法：A.現(xiàn)刻動作：目前正在發(fā)生的動作。B.現(xiàn)階段動作：目前一個時期一直在進(jìn)行的動作，此刻不一定在進(jìn)行。2.標(biāo)志詞：now,Look!Listen!中考模擬：--Mike,who____footballintheyard?--Letmegoandsee.（2004順義）A.hasplayed B.willplay C.wasplaying D.isplaying1.Look!What___thechildren___overthere?2.Thoseworkers____herethesemonths.A.arework B.areworked C.work D.areworkingA.are;do B.are;doing C.is;do D.isdoing3.--How__you___alongwithyourworkmates?--Verywell.A.do;get B.will;getC.can;getD.are;getting4.--MustIwatertheflowersnow?--No,youneedn’t.Jack_____them.A.iswatering B.watering C.waters D.iswatered注意A.有幾個瞬間動詞可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來，如：begin,start,come,go,leave。1.--Lucy!Wouldyouliketogivemeahand?--OK.I____.A.willcome Be C.amcoming D.wouldcome2.--When____you____forToronto?--Tomorrow.A.do;leave B.are;leaving C.will;leaving D.shall;leaveTheboy____always____us!(夸贊)A.is;helping B.does;helpC.can;help D./;helpB.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時和always連用，表示說話人較強烈的感情色彩。You____always_____thesamemistake!(責(zé)備)A.do;make B.does;makeC.is;making D.are;making四、過去進(jìn)行時1.用法：過去某時正在進(jìn)行的動作。2.標(biāo)志詞：atthattime,thistimeyesterday,then,when…1.Father______whenI_____yesterdaymorning.

A.stillslept,gotup

B.wasstillsleeping,gotupC.issleeping,gotup

D.sleeps,getup2.She___applesinhergardenwhenI____toseeheryesterday.，went B.waspicking，went，wasgoing D.waspicking，wasgoing五、一般將來時1.用法：將來的動作或狀態(tài)。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：willshallbegoingto

3.標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,inthreedays,in(the)future,nextweek/month/term…,fromnowon+V.(原型)（第一人稱）之間的區(qū)別：計劃決定要做某事，一般用begoingtodo結(jié)構(gòu)。shall往往用于第一人稱疑問句,will可用于任何人稱。will常用于表邀請或命令時以及帶有意愿色彩。1.There___twomeetingstomorrowafternoon.A.aregoingtobe B.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobe D.willhave2.Thetwins____tothecinemawiththeirparentstonight.3.---When____wehavethemeeting?---At8.A.are B.shall C.would D.will4.--When___you___forLondon?--Nextweek.A.will;leaving B.are;leaving C.shall;leave D.have;left六、過去將來時1.用法：從過去看將要發(fā)生的動作。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：wouldwas/were/goingto+v.(原型)1.--Whatdidhesayyesterday?--Hesaidhe____toSydneynextweek.A.goes B.willgo C.wouldgo D.aregoing2.--DidyoursonfailhisEnglishexamonceagain?--Yes,buthetoldmehe____hardnextterm.A.studies B.isstudying C.willstudy D.wouldstudy試題：1.用法： 12七、現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去現(xiàn)在影響：作業(yè)都做完了，我能出去玩會兒嗎？這該死的！我都等了一個小時了，他怎么還不來？過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。Ihavefinishedmyhomework.過去的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。Ihavestayedhereforanhour！2.標(biāo)志詞：

already,just,yet,ever,never,sofar(tillnow/uptonow),recently,inthepast3years,before,since+時間點,for+時間段3.現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的異同點： 共同點：動作都在過去。 不同點：和現(xiàn)在有無關(guān)系。(與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的過去動作用現(xiàn)在完成，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)的過去動作用一般過去。)4.易錯點：121havegoneto+地點,表示“去了某地”。（人已走，尚未回。只用于第三人稱。）TheyhavegonetoEurope.(Theyarenothere.)havebeento+地點,表示“去過某地”。（人已回）IhavebeentoEurope.(IamnotinEuropenow.)3havebeenin+地點+時間段,表示“在/來某地多久”。IhavebeeninEuropeforthreeweeks.(IamnowstillinEurope.)25.瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞若句中出現(xiàn)時間段，則必須使用延續(xù)性動詞。瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系如下：1.Thefilmbegan5minutesago.2.Theyleftanhourago.3.Themandiedaweekago.4.Hejoinedtheclub3daysago.5.Theygotmarried10yearsago.6.Hecamehereanhourago.7.Jackgothome2hoursago.8.Mumopenedthedoorjustnow.9.Theygottoknow10yearsago.10.Iborrowedthebookaweekago.11.Iboughtthecarayearago.Thefilm_________for5minutes.They____________foranhour.Theman___________foraweek.He__________theclubfor3days.They_______________for10years.He_______heresinceanhourago.Jack_______homefor2hours.Thedoor_______openforawhile.They__________since10yearsago.I_________thebookforaweek.I________thecarsinceayearago.hasbeenonhavebeenawayhasbeendeadhasbeeninhavebeenmarriedhasbeenhasbeenhasbeenhaveknownhavekepthavehad1.--Whatanicebike!Howlong____you____it?--Justtwoweeks.(2004北京市中考)A.will;buyB.did;buyC.are;havingD.have;had2.--Howlonghaveyou____here?--Since1997.3.--Ican’tfindmypen.____you____itanywhere?--No.Look!What’sthatunderyourbook?A.Have;seen B.Do;see C.Did;seeD.Had;seen4.--I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.--Oh,notatall.I__hereforonlyafewminutes.A.willbe B.was C.am D.havebeen5.Iwon’tgotoseethefilmbecauseI____theticket.(2002河南)A.lost B.havelost C.willlostD.didn’tlost八、過去完成時1.用法：發(fā)生在過去的過去的動作。

Theyhadgotmarriedwhenhecameback.

gotmarriedcameback現(xiàn)在過去過去的過去我來晚了！沒希望了！終于結(jié)婚了！好幸福呀！現(xiàn)在完成時2.標(biāo)志詞：bytheendof…,bythetime…,when+一般過去時

過去完成時是一種相對存在的時態(tài)，判定時必須根據(jù)上下文找到一個可以作為參照點的過去時間，在此參照點前發(fā)生的動作都可以用過去完成時。注意：1.We____learning1000wordsbytheendoflastterm.2.Thetrain____whenwegottothestation.A.leaves B.haveleft C.wereleaving D.hadleft3.Bythetimehereturned,hisson____supper.A.cooksB.hadcookedC.hascooked D.wascooking時態(tài)綜合試題1.Sorry,I____tohelpyouatten.Iwasbusyatthemoment.A.won'tcome B.can'tcomeC.didn'tcome D.shouldn'tcome2.He_______thispenforfiveyears.He______itin1997.A.hasbought,bought.B.bought,boughtC.haskept,hasbought D.hashad,bought3.She_________theflowersinthegardenwhenI_________toseeheryesterday.，went B.waswatering，went，wasgoing D.waswatering，wasgoing4.Idon'tknowifmyfriend_________.Ifhe_________,I'llletyouknow.Aes,comes Bes,willcomeC.willcome,comes D.willcome,willcome5.Johnsaidhe_________supper.Hewasquitefull.A.hadhadB.washaving C.had D.haseaten6.There_________twopartiesnextweek.

A.aregoingtobe B.aregoingtohave

C.isgoingtobe D.willhave7.It______10yearssinceI______here.

A.is,come B.is,havecome

C.was,came D.is,came8.--Katelikeseatingchocolate.--____.Look,sheiseating.(2003十堰市)A.SoLucydoes B.SodoesLucy C.Sotheydo D.Sodothey9.Kate_________tobeduntilhermother_________back.

A.won'tgo,come B.hadn'tgone,came

C.went,came D.didn'tgo,came10.Hisbrother_________fromhomeforalongtime.

A.hasleft B.hasbeenaway

C.left D.willleave

11.--Lucy,___you____yourticket?--Notyet.(2003河北省)A.did;find B.have;found C.has;found D.do;find12.--____totheUnitedStates?（2003安徽）--No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.A.Haveyoubeen B.HaveyougoneC.Didyougo D.Haveyouwent13.Themanwholivedontheislandthoughthe___never____.(2001廣州)A.will;found B.would;befound C.is;found B.had;beenfound14.--Idon’tknowifhisuncle____.--Ithinkhe___ifitdoesn’train.(2003重慶）A.willcome;comes B.willcome;willcomeCes;comes Des;willcome15.--Lindahadnothingforbreakfastthismorning,__?--No,shegotuptoolate.(2003河北）A.hadshe B.hadn’tshe C.didshe D.didn’tshe16.Theflowers____wellifthey____.(2002青島)A.won’tgrow;don’ttakegood