高中英語北師大版Unit24Society 全國一等獎

SectionⅣCommunicationWorkshop,LanguageAwareness9,CultureCorner&BulletinBoard課時訓練Ⅳ基礎夯實Ⅰ.根據英文釋義寫出單詞1.:moneythatyouhavetopayasapunishment

答案fine2.:apunishmentthatajudgegivestosomeonewhohasbeendeclaredguilty

答案sentence3.:toofficiallyendalaw,system,etc.

答案abolish4.:so,therefore,asaresult

答案consequently5.:apieceofheavymetalthatisloweredtothebottomofthesea,lake,preventashiporboatmoving

答案anchor6.:someonewhobuysorsellsgoodsinlargequantities

答案merchant7.:besides

答案moreover8.:halfacircle

答案semicircleⅡ.用方框內單詞或短語的適當形式填空onprincipleabolishmerchantmoreoverconsequentlysentence’sagoodideatothisunfairrule.

答案abolishcorruptofficialwastodeath.

答案sentencedagreewithwhathesaid.

答案onprinciplewouldn’tliketoplay’mill,and,it’sraining.

答案moreovergotuplateandIwaslateforschool.

答案consequentlywasakindinVenice,whowaslikedbyeveryone.

答案merchantⅢ.根據課文內容完成句子1.工會要求政府縮短工作周。Tradeunionsthatthegovernmenttheworkingweek.

答案demand;shorten2.如果產生了類似這樣的法律,那么生活就要做大的調整,反響肯定是各種各樣的。Iflawssuchasthese,ahugeadjustmentwouldberequiredandtherewouldcertainlybe.

答案cameintobeing;diversereactions3.他們派衛(wèi)兵把守著各個胡同的入口,這樣做使他們容易監(jiān)視人們的舉動。Theywerethenabletothevarioushutongs,whichmadeiteasierpeople’smovements.

答案placeguardsattheentrancesof;tokeepaneyeon4.我完全認可美國人的觀點“事不過三”,即犯三次罪就終身監(jiān)禁。ItotallytheAmericanideaof“threestrikesandout”—thataftercommittingthreecrimescriminals.

答案agreewith;arelockedupforlifeⅣ.根據所給單詞或語境填空insistedthathe(be)notasleepalthoughIhadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup.

答案was(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.

答案surprisedwasnotuntilIcamehereIrealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.

答案thatcareduringtheholidays!Drinkingtoomuchcancontributeheartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.

答案to5.—HowaboutyourjourneytoMountEmei?—Everythingwaswonderfulexceptthatourcar(break)downtwiceontheway.

答案brokedriverwasatlosswhenwordcamethathewouldbearrestedforspeeding.

答案a能力提升Ⅴ.閱讀理解導學號53120237(2023江蘇)Chimps(黑猩猩)willcooperateincertainways,likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct(本能)tohelponeinthewildseekfoodforchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren,whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.Inthelaboratory,chimpsdon’tnaturallysharefoodachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreatereffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighborinthenextcage,hewillpullatrandom—hejustdoesn’tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedoraretrulyselfish.Humanchildren,ontheotherhand,arenaturallytheearliestages,theydesiretohelpothers,toshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommonpsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofexperimentswithveryyoungfindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught,butnaturallypossessedinyoungisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotraintheirchildrentobehaveisthatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarethirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive(認知的)skills,atleastwhencomparedwithtestsconductedbyTomasello,thehumanchildrendidnobetterthanthechimpsonthephysicalworldtestsbutwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworld.Thecoreofwhatchildren’smindshaveandchimps’don’tiswhatTomasellocallssharedofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarebeyondthat,evenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedactivelyseektobepartofa“we”,agroupthatintendstoworktowardasharedgoal.canwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps?seldomcareaboutothers’interests.tendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.liketotakeintheirneighbors’food.naturallysharefoodwitheachother.提示細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段的“Chimpsdon’tnaturallysharefoodeither”以及“hejustdoesn’tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.”可知,黑猩猩天生不會共享食物,它從不關心鄰居同伴的饑飽和利益。故選A項。答案ATomasello’stestsonyoungchildrenindicatethatthey.

theinstincttohelpothershowtoofferhelptoadultstheworldbetterthanchimpsadultswiththeirhandsfull提示推理判斷題。根據第三段的“Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhands...trytohelp”可知,Michael發(fā)現(xiàn),18個月大的嬰兒看見一個和自己毫不相干的人雙手拿著東西去開門時,他們會馬上去幫忙。這個實驗表明,小孩子有幫助他人的本能。故選A項。答案Apassageismainlyabout.

helpingbehaviorsofyoungchildrentotrainchildren’ssharedintentionalityasadistinctivehumannaturedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren提示主旨大意題。文章通過實驗表明,幫助他人和相互合作是人的本性,而非后天習得的。選項A:小孩子的助人為樂行為只是Michael實驗的一部分,以此來得出結論;選項B“培養(yǎng)孩子的分享意識的方法”和選項D“孩子的智力發(fā)展”在文中都沒有提及。故選C項。答案CⅥ.短文改錯導學號53120238Moreandmorefamiliesarenowrichenoughtohavetheirowndobenefitthefamiliesaswellthesocietyinmanyacar,itisconvenientforthefamilymemberstotraveltoorfromcanalsodrivetothecountrysideonthethesametime,thedevelopmentofthemotorindustrywillsuregiveapushtomanyotherrelatedindustries,itisobviouslybeneficialtothesocialtheotherhand,theboomofprivatecarsisalsocausingtrafficandenvironmentalgasesfromcarsarecausingseriousairpollution,whichdogreatharmtopeople’sanincreasednumberofcarsontheroads,thetraffichasbecomeveryheavily.答案Moreandmorefamiliesarenowrich