20192020譯林英語(yǔ)必修四新突破講義UNIT3SECTIONⅣLANGUAGEPOINTS

SectionⅣLanguagepoints(Ⅱ)(Wordpower，Grammarandusage&Task)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示，寫(xiě)出下列單詞。1．Thefunction(功能)oftheheartistosendbloodroundthebody.2．Iconstantlyconductmarketresearchtomonitor(監(jiān)視)ourcompetitors.3．Ifyouaddtoomuchliquid(液體)，themixturewillnotbethickenough.4．Idon'twanttoaccuseheroftellinglies，butIwon'tforgiveher.5．Thesoundofthecheeringfadedinthedistance.6．Researchandteachingareofequalimportance．Ⅱ.拓展詞匯根據(jù)詞性和漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出下列單詞。1．electricadj.電的，電動(dòng)的→electricaladj.與電有關(guān)的→electricityn．電2．editv．編輯→editionn．版次，版本→editorn．編輯3．constantadj.連續(xù)發(fā)生的，不斷的；恒定的→constantlyadv.經(jīng)常地，不斷地4．importantadj.重要的→importancen．重要性Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語(yǔ)根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語(yǔ)。1．setup 開(kāi)辦，建立2．endin 以……結(jié)束3．makethemostof 充分利用4．lastbutnotleast 最后但同樣重要5．workout 計(jì)算出，了解，理解6．fadeaway 衰弱，消失7．makefunof 取笑，嘲弄Ⅳ.選詞填空選用上述短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。1．Theyarepreparingthemselvestosetupacompanytoselltheirproducts.2．Asnewspeciesevolvetofitever-changingenvironment，olderspeciesfadeaway．3．Don'tmakefunofhimandyoushouldhelphim.4．Wehaven'tworkedoutthismathproblemyet.5．Weshouldmakethemostofthefineweather.背教材原句記句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫(xiě)促落實(shí)1.Hemanagedtokeepfruitandvegetablesfreshforthreeweeks...他設(shè)法將水果和蔬菜保鮮達(dá)三個(gè)星期……keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Ifyourhandsarecold，keeptheminyourpockets.如果你覺(jué)得手冷，就把它們放在口袋里。2.Thiscouldbeofgreatbenefittopeopleandwillberesearchedfurther.這會(huì)對(duì)人們有益并將進(jìn)一步研究。“beof＋抽象名詞”Theorywithoutpracticeisoflittlehelp.沒(méi)有實(shí)踐的理論是沒(méi)有什么幫助的。3.Inmyopinion，itisabouttimewehadnewcomputers.在我看來(lái)，我們應(yīng)該有新的電腦了。Itistime(that)．..句型中用過(guò)去時(shí)或“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣Obviously，it's(high)timethatwetook/shouldtakesomemeasurestosolvetheproblem.很明顯，我們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該采取一些措施來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題了。endin...以……結(jié)束(告終)，以……結(jié)尾(教材P46)Duringthefirstfewyears，thecompanydidnotmakeaprofitandJeffBezosthoughtthathiseffortswouldendinfailure.前幾年里，公司沒(méi)有盈利，JeffBezos認(rèn)為他的努力將以失敗告終。endup 結(jié)果為……，以……而告終(尤指意 料之外的)endup(in)doing 以……結(jié)束endupwith 以……結(jié)束endup＋adj. 以……狀況而告終endupas 最后成了，最后是①ThewordI'mthinkingofendsin“-ous”．我想到的這個(gè)詞以-ous結(jié)尾。②AtlastIendeduphittingthesetwithmyfist，anditstoppedworkingaltogether.最后我用拳頭擊打電視機(jī)，結(jié)果它完全停止工作了。③Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache.你最終可能會(huì)患上宇航員所稱的二氧化碳頭疼癥。electricadj.電的，電動(dòng)的(教材P49)TheElectricWearCompanyhasdevelopedanewsmartjacketthisyear.電子服裝公司今年已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)出一款新穎的時(shí)髦夾克。(1)electricaladj. 有關(guān)于電的(2)electronicadj. 電子的(3)electricityn. 電(4)electricalequipment 電氣設(shè)備①Thefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidentialrooms：electricblankets，hairdryers，personalcomputers，radios，televisionsandDVDplayers.住宿房間里可以準(zhǔn)許使用下列物品：電熱毯、吹風(fēng)機(jī)、個(gè)人電腦、收音機(jī)、電視機(jī)和DVD播放器。②Thefirewascausedbyanelectrical(electricity)fault.大火是電力故障引起的。③Whatwouldhappeniftherewerenoelectricity(electric)?如果沒(méi)有電會(huì)怎么樣呢？[明辨異同]electric，electrical，electronicelectric指以電為動(dòng)力進(jìn)行工作的(裝置)electrical指關(guān)于電的知識(shí)或電的研究?jī)?nèi)容electronic指與電子有關(guān)的，電子器件的，電子設(shè)備的electric，electrical，electronic④Thecookerisn'tworkingbecauseofanelectricalfault.⑤Withthiselectricblanket，thegrandpawon'tfeelcoldinwinter.⑥Ineedanelectroniccalculatortoworkoutthismathproblem.accusevt.控訴，控告；譴責(zé)(教材P51)MusicindustryaccusesFanningofpiracy音樂(lè)行業(yè)控告范寧盜版(1)accusesb.of(doing)sth. 指控某人(干)某事(2)chargesb.with(doing)sth.指控某人(干)某事(3)blamesb.forsth. 因某事責(zé)備某人blamesth.onsb. 把某事歸咎于某人betoblamefor (對(duì)壞事)負(fù)有責(zé)任①WesternleadersaccuseRussiaofsupportingtheserebelswithtroopsandweapons.西方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人控告俄羅斯給這些反叛分子提供武器和軍隊(duì)。②Hewaschargedwithstealing(steal)thejewels.他被控告偷竊珠寶。③Notyoubuthewillbetoblameforit.不是你而是他將為這件事受到責(zé)備。[明辨異同]accuse，chargeaccuse指當(dāng)面指控或指責(zé)，不一定訴諸法律，通常表示直接而嚴(yán)厲地指出某人的過(guò)錯(cuò)，常與介詞of連用。charge指因犯較大錯(cuò)誤或重大罪行而進(jìn)行正式法律控訴，常與with連用。accuse，charge④Thepolicearegoingtochargehimwithmurder.⑤Thesoldierwasaccusedofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.concentrateon...集中精力于……；全神貫注于……(教材P51)Heleftuniversityinordertoconcentrateontheproject.為了潛心研究這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，他大學(xué)輟學(xué)了?！凹芯τ?致力于……”的表達(dá)方法：concentrateone'senergy/mind/attentionon...focuson...fixone'smind/attentionon...putone'sheartinto...devoteoneselfto...applyone'smindtodoingsth.①You'dbetterhaveagoodrestifyoucan'tconcentrateonyourstudy.當(dāng)你不能集中精力學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，你最好休息一下。②Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.世上無(wú)難事，只要肯登攀。③Shedevotedherselftohercareer.她全力傾注于自己的事業(yè)。fadevi.逐漸消失；(使)變淡；走下坡路，衰落(教材P51)In2001Fanning'sdreamfinallybegantofade.在2001年，范寧的夢(mèng)想終于開(kāi)始破滅了。fadeaway (人)衰弱；病重死亡；逐漸消失fadein (使畫(huà)面)淡入；(使聲音)漸強(qiáng)fadeout (使畫(huà)面)淡出；(使聲音)漸弱①Thecolourfadeswhenexposedtolight.這個(gè)顏色曝光后會(huì)褪色。②She'sfadingawaydaybydaybecauseofillness.由于疾病，她的身體日漸衰弱。③Heslidacontroltofadeoutthemusic.他滑動(dòng)控制器，讓音樂(lè)的聲音漸漸減弱。functionvi.起作用，正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)n．作用，功能；職能(教材P53)Also，weneedtobuynewkeyboards，mousesandmonitors，becausemanyofthekeyboardshavelettersmissingandsomemousesandmonitorsarenotfunctioningproperly.我們還需要買(mǎi)新的鍵盤(pán)、鼠標(biāo)和顯示器，因?yàn)楹芏噫I盤(pán)殘缺不全，一些鼠標(biāo)和顯示器也不能正常使用。performafunction 發(fā)揮功能，起作用functionas 起……作用；具有……功能functionwell 正常運(yùn)作，發(fā)揮得好①Hecomplainedtousthatthisprinterdidn'tfunctionatall.他向我們抱怨這臺(tái)打印機(jī)根本不能用。②Theseservicesarereusedandperformabusinessfunction.這些服務(wù)被重新使用并執(zhí)行業(yè)務(wù)功能。③Thefarmfunctionsasaskiresortinwinter.那個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)在冬天可作為滑雪勝地。(教材P49)Hemanagedtokeepfruitandvegetablesfreshforthreeweeksusingonlytwoclaypotsandsomewetsand.只用了兩個(gè)陶土罐和一些濕沙子他就將水果和蔬菜保鮮達(dá)三個(gè)星期?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】句中謂語(yǔ)managed后接不定式(tokeepfruitandvegetablesfreshforthreeweeksusingonlytwoclaypotsandsomewetsand)作賓語(yǔ)，該不定式中keep為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)fruitandvegetables＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)fresh)?！発eep＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”表示“使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)”。(1)keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞(2)keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋現(xiàn)在分詞，“使……一直處于某種狀態(tài)”，賓語(yǔ)與賓補(bǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。(3)keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞，“使……被怎么樣或處于某種狀態(tài)”，賓語(yǔ)與賓補(bǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。(4)keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋介詞短語(yǔ)①(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.設(shè)定目標(biāo)時(shí)你必須要記住這些要點(diǎn)。②Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureasitisaboutkeepinganyindividualastronauthealthy.專(zhuān)注于健身對(duì)科學(xué)和未來(lái)都有重大意義，因?yàn)樗敲總€(gè)宇航員身體健康的保證。③Tofinishtheworkintime，wekeptthemachinerunning(run)allthetime.為了及時(shí)完工，我們讓這臺(tái)機(jī)器一直不停工作。④Thebossorderedustokeephiminformed(inform)ofthefreshdevelopments.老板讓我們隨時(shí)告訴他最新的進(jìn)展。(教材P53)Inmyopinion，itisabouttimewehadnewcomputers.在我看來(lái)，我們應(yīng)該有新的電腦了。【要點(diǎn)提煉】It's(high/about)time(that)．..是常用句型，意為“(早)該……了”。從句中的謂語(yǔ)常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should一般不省略。(1)Itistime(forsb.)todosth. 到了(某人)做某事的時(shí)間了Itistimeforsth. 該做某事了(2)It/This/Thatis/was＋thefirst/second...time(that)某人第幾次做……(當(dāng)前面be動(dòng)詞是is或willbe時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；當(dāng)前面be動(dòng)詞是was時(shí)，后面從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。)①I(mǎi)t'stimeforustogetup，orwe'llbelateforwork.我們?cè)撈鸫擦?，要不然上班就要遲到了。②Theteachercriticizedhim，becauseitwasthesecondtimethathehadmade(make)thesamemistake.老師批評(píng)了他，因?yàn)檫@是他第二次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。③It'shightimewestopped/shouldstop(stop)treatinghimlikeachild.我們不該再把他當(dāng)小孩子看待了。④ItisthesecondtimethatIhaveseen(see)thisfilm.這是我第二次看這部電影。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,hungryandtired(tire)．2．Hisplanendedintotalfailure.3．Ifyoudon'tunderstandeverythingthetapesays,justconcentrateonthewordsyoucanundersta