2021-2022學年新教材高中英語Unit4Livingwithtechnology單元練習含解析譯林版選擇性必修第二冊

單元素養(yǎng)評價(四)Unit4(120分鐘150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。Text1W:Hey,Paul!Look!Iboughtaneweveningdress.M:①Awhiteone?Butyoulikeblackandred.W:Yes,butthisstyleisspecial.1.Whatcolouristhewoman’sdress?A.White.B.Black.C.Red.答案:AText2W:Congratulations!Yourdaughteristheskatingchampion.That’samazing!M:Thankyou!Sheisalwaysworkinghard.Shebegantoskatein2006,andjoinedthenationalteamin2011.②Sheoncesetaworldrecordin2016.2.Whendidtheman’sdaughtersetaworldrecord?A.In2006. B.In2011. C.In2016.答案:CText3M:Iscircusworkparticularlydangerousforperformers?W:Well,③circusissuchfun.Andifyou’vedoneallthepropertrainingyoushouldbefine.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofcircuswork?A.Interesting. B.Dangerous. C.Difficult.答案:AText4W:④Sothedoctorsaidyourstomachachesarecausedbytoomuchstress?M:④Yes.AndhetoldmethatIneedtogetpositiveinmydailylife,addingthatstresscancausemanydifferentproblems.4.What’sthecauseoftheman’sproblem?A.Lackofsleep. B.Lackofnutrition.C.Toomuchstress.答案:CText5W:Whattimedoesyourplaneleave?M:⑤Itleavesat12:15.AndIhavetobetheretwohoursearly.W:⑤Thatmeanswehavetoleavethehouseat9:15.There’shalfanhourbeforewestartoff.5.Howlongwillittaketogototheairport?A.Halfanhour. B.Onehour.C.Twohours.答案:B第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Text6W:Well,whatdidyouthinkofthatfilm?M:Ihadmixedfeelingsreally.FromwhatI’dread,Iexpectedittobefunnier.W:Iknowwhatyoumean—justshowshowdifferentpeople’stastescanbe.⑥Goodtwistattheendthough.Iwasn’texpectingthat,wereyou?M:Ikindofguessedwhatwascoming,tobehonest.TherewerealotofreferencestootherfilmsinthestorylineIthought.W:Oh,youthinkso?⑦Iwasn’tquitesurewhatmessageitwastryingtoconvey,though.Oneminuteitseemedtobesayingonethingandthenextitwassayingtheopposite.M:Yeah,Iagree.6.Whatwasthewoman’sopinionabouttheendofthefilm?A.Boring. B.Surprising.C.Exciting.答案:B7.Whatwasthewomanuncertainabout?A.Thebackground.B.Thestyle.C.Thetheme.答案:C聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。Text7W:Idon’tlikeridingthebus.⑧Yousee,theseatsandwindowsaredirty.Don’ttheycleanthebuseverynight?M:Ithinktheydo.⑨Butnexttimeyoucatchabus,besuretobringsomethingwithyoutowipeyourseatandwindow.W:PeoplewillthinkI’mstrange.M:Whocares?Everyoneisstrange.W:That’sforsure.M:Don’tworryaboutwhatpeoplethink.8.Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?A.Thebusislate.B.Thebusiscrowded.C.Thebusisdirty.答案:C9.Whatdoesthemansuggesttaking?A.Somethingtositon.B.Somethingtowipe.C.Somethingtoread.答案:B聽第8段材料,回答第10～12題。Text8W:WhatdidyouthinkofthespeechbyProfessorGreenyesterdayafternoon?M:Ithoughtitwaslongandboring.Ileftthelecturehallbeforethespeechended.W:Wheredidyougothen?M:Iwenttothelibraryandborrowedsomebooksandthenreadsomemagazinesinthereadingroom.⑩Didyoustayinthelecturehallallafternoon?W:⑩Yes.?AnotherthreeprofessorsgavespeechesbesidesMrGreen.M:Howabouttheirspeeches?W:?Ithoughtallthespeecheswereinterestingandmeaningful.IthinkIlearnedalotfromthem.Ireallythinkyoushouldn’thaveleftthelecturehallbeforethespeechesended.10.Wherewasthewomanyesterdayafternoon?A.Inthelecturehall.B.Intheclassroom.C.Inthelibrary.答案:A11.Howmanyprofessorsgavespeeches?A.3. B.4. C.5.答案:B12.Whatdidthewomanthinkofthespeeches?A.Meaningfulbutdifficult.B.Sheleftthehallbeforetheyended.C.Shewasquiteinterestedinthem.答案:C聽第9段材料,回答第13～16題。Text9W:Tom,canyougetthevegetablesoutofthefridge,please?M:Lettuceandcarrots?W:?Weneedcarrotsbutnotlettuce.Andcanyouseethepeppers?M:?Yes.W:?Twoofthose,aswell.We’llcutthemintosmallpieces.M:Fine.ShallIturnthecookeron?W:Yes,niceandhot,please.M:190degrees?W:?Putitat220fornow,andwecanchangeitto200later.M:OK.Thevegetablesareready.W:Good.Wecanroastthemtogetherwiththefish.M:Howlongwillittake?W:We’llcookithotfor15minutes,andthen25minutesatalowertemperature,?soin40minutesit’llbeready.M:Great.I’mgoingtowatchTVforafewminutes.W:Actually,?canyoudothislittlebitofwashing-up?I’mgoingtomakeadessert.M:?OK.13.Whichvegetablesdoesthewomanneed?A.Carrotsandlettuce.B.Lettuceandpeppers.C.Carrotsandpeppers.答案:C14.Howmanydegreesdoesthewomanfirstaskthemantoturnthecookeronto?A.190. B.200. C.220.答案:C15.Howlongwillittaketocookthedish?A.40minutes. B.25minutes.C.15minutes.答案:A16.Whatwillthemandowhilethedishiscooking?A.Dothewashingup.B.Makeadessert.C.WatchTV.答案:A聽第10段材料,回答第17～20題。Text10M:Goodmorning,BrooklynHighSchool,andwelcometomotheryear.?I’mHarveyBriggs,theschooldirector,andI’llbebroadcastingthesemorningannouncementseverydayat8:15heschoolhall.Andofcourse,?wehaveaposterwallinthecafeteriawithsign-upsforschoolactivities.Don’tforgettosignupforthefootballteam.TheteamlovesBillWyatt,ourheadcoach,andmanyofourformerfootballplayershavegonetogoodcollegesforfreebecauseoftheirskills.?Thisyear,wehaveanewsystemforourlunchmenu.Thefoodweoffereachweekwillbeemailedtoyourparents.TheywillchooselunchfoodforyouandpaythroughtheirParentsDirectaccount.Onelastannouncementfortoday:Wehaveanewsmartphonepolicy.Studentswillnotbeallowedtobringsmartphonesintotheteachingbuildings.?17.WhoisHarveyBriggs?A.Theschooldirector. B.Afootballcoach.C.Acollegestudent.答案:A18.Whereistheposterwall?A.Ontheplayground. B.Inthecafeteria.C.Intheschoolhall.答案:B19.Howcanstudentsfindoutaboutthelunchmenuinadvance?A.Fromtheirparents.B.Fromtheschoolwebsite.C.Fromthepostersinthedininghall.答案:A20.Whatshouldstudentsdowiththeircellphonesduringschool?A.Locktheminsidetheschoolgate.B.Keepthemwiththeschoolteachers.C.Leavetheminsidetheteachingbuildings.答案:A第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A(2021·南京高二檢測)Wecantakeonlinejoyfullearningexperiencestoanewlevelbycombiningthebestpracticesineducationwithinspiringhands-onlessonsthatparentsandchildrencanenjoytogether.◆

StartingaWriter’sNotebookJune13th—June17thThisworkshopistoinspirechildrentoseethemselvesastrueauthors.Thewritingactivitiesinthisworkshoparemeanttohelpyoungauthorsdeveloptheirsenseofvoiceandenthusiasmforwriting.Participantswilllearnavarietyofstrategiesandtechniquesforgeneratingideasandproducingmeaningfulwriting.PRICE:$27.00($22.00cashpayment)AGE:6—10◆

BackyardScienceJune20th—June24thBysharingwhatwediscoverinourownbackyards,ourchildrenwillbeabletoexperiencefirsthandhowwildlife,climate,andgeographiclandscapesdifferacrosstheglobe.Throughthisworkshopwehavetheabilitytocreateeye-openingexplorationsforourchildren.PRICE:$27.00AGE:4—10◆

PoetryMakersJune11th—July15thWhensharingpoemswithourchildren,wenotonlyteachthemhowtoappreciatethebeautyoflanguagebutalsothatourwordshavetheabilitytoaffectothersindeepandmeaningfulways.Inthisfour-weekonlineworkshop,wewillstrengthenourchildren’sunderstandingofthemselves,eachother,andtheworldaroundthemthroughthepowerofwritingpoetry.PRICE:$27.00AGE:6—10【文章大意】這是一篇廣告布告類閱讀。文章介紹了一些把教育的最佳實踐與鼓舞人心的動手實踐相結合的課程。21.WhatcanwelearnaboutStartingaWriter’sNotebook?A.Itoffersadiscount.B.Itlastsfourweeks.C.Itissuitableforallages.D.Itencourageschildrentowritepoetry.【解析】選A。細節(jié)理解題。答案定位在StartingaWriter’sNotebook部分PRICE:$27.00($22.00cashpayment)可知StartingaWriter’sNotebook提供折扣,故選A。22.WhatcanwelearnaboutBackyardScience?A.Itencouragesthekidstogetclosetonature.B.Itoffersthekidsvariousoutdoorexplorations.C.Itfillsthekidswithconfidenceintheirfuture.D.Itenrichesthekids’lifeexperienceandknowledge.【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BackyardScience部分的內(nèi)容可知BackyardScience為孩子們提供了各種戶外探索,故選B。23.WhatcankidslearnatPoetryMakers?A.Takemoreinterestintheirstudies.B.Haveastrongdesiretobesuccessful.C.Showmuchenthusiasmforliterature.D.Beawareofthepowerofwords.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PoetryMakers部分內(nèi)容可知,在PoetryMakers,孩子們能夠學會意識到語言的力量,故選D。B(2021·揚州高二檢測)Nexttimeyouwatchvideosinhighresolution,pauseforthought.Yourdecisionmaybehavinganunnecessaryimpactontheenvironment.Watchingvideosonasmartphoneinhighresolutionproduceseighttimesasmuchcarbonasviewinginstandarddefinition,accordingtoareportfromtheRoyalSociety.Itaddsthatthedifferenceinresolutionisunlikelytobenoticedonsmallscreensanywayandsuggeststhattheusersshouldmakeasensiblechoiceinsomecircumstances.“Avoidingstreaminginunnecessarilyhighresolutionwillhelpreduceemissions,”thereportsays.“Platformsandregulatorsshouldconsiderlimitingstreamingresolution.”Itrecommendsthat,aspartofamove“responsiblestreaming”,videoshouldbeturnedoffformanyYouTubeuserswhoareonlylisteningtothecontent.Apreviousstudyfoundthatsuchamovecouldsavebetween1percentand5percentofYouTube’stotalemissions.Theauthorsdonotcalculatehowmuchaperson’scarbonfootprintwouldbereducedbywatchingvideosinlowerresolution.However,theyadmittedthatdigitaltechnologyalsoplaysasignificantroleinreducingemissions,suchasbyenablingpeopletocommunicatevirtuallyratherthantraveltomeetfacetoface.“Digitaltechnologyletsusdothingsdifferentlyandithashugepotentialtohelpreducingemissions—ifusedresponsibly,”saidAdrianFriday,professorfromtheUniversityofUsinglaptops,tablets,smartTVsandotherdevicesforlongerbeforeupgradingwillalsoreduceemissions,thereportsays.“Protectingandrepairingphonesisgoodpracticetohelpkeepthemlonger.Gettingaphoneorotherdevicesecond-hand,orpassingiton,andsharingequipmentareothergoodways.”【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。研究表明,播放高分辨率視頻可能會對環(huán)境不利。英國皇家學會的一份報告稱,用高分辨率智能手機觀看視頻產(chǎn)生的碳數(shù)量是用標準清晰度觀看視頻的8倍,該報告稱避免在不必要的高分辨率下播放視頻有助于減少排放。文章還介紹了人們對于數(shù)字技術的看法和一些比較環(huán)保的使用建議。24.What’sthedisadvantageofthehigh-resolutiondeviceaccordingtothispassage?A.Itcan’tbeupgradedintime.B.Itrequiresalargerscreen.C.Itmaynotbenefittheenvironment.D.Itfunctionsratherslowly.【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Nexttimeyouwatchvideosinhighresolution,pauseforthought.Yourdecisionmaybehavinganunnecessaryimpactontheenvironment.”以及第二段中“Watchingvideosonasmartphoneinhighresolutionproduceseighttimesasmuchcarbonasviewinginstandarddefinition,accordingtoareportfromtheRoyalSociety.”可知,高分辨率設備的缺點是對環(huán)境沒有好處。故選C。25.Whichofthefollowingmovesisrelativelyenvironmentallyfriendly?A.Replacingoldlaptopsfrequently.B.Travellingtomeetfacetoface.C.Sharingequipmentwithothers.D.Streaminginhighresolution.【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Gettingaphoneorotherdevicesecond-hand,orpassingiton,andsharingequipmentareothergoodways.”可知,“共享設備”相對而言是一種環(huán)保行為。故選C。26.WhatAdrianFridaysaidtellsusthat____

A.communicatingvirtuallyistotallyimpractical.B.YouTubeisapopularplatformaroundtheword.C.digitaltechnologyhasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.D.digitaltechnologyshouldbeusedreasonably.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知,AdrianFriday的話告訴我們數(shù)字技術應該被合理使用。故選D。27.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanthispassagemostlikelybefound?A.Art&CultureB.Science&TechC.Entertainment D.Economy【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Nexttimeyouwatchvideosinhighresolution,pauseforthought.Yourdecisionmaybehavinganunnecessaryimpactontheenvironment.”以及文章主要內(nèi)容可推知,本文最可能選自雜志的“科學與技術”部分。故選B。C(2021·連云港高二檢測)Itisinhumannaturetoexplorenewthings.Tothatend,manycountrieshavebeenexploringspaceformanydecades,particularlytheUS,Russia,andcountriesinEurope.PresidentXiJinpingpraisedthesuccessoftheChang’e5mission(使命)inbringingbackthecountry’sfirstsamples(樣本)collectedfromthemoon.Thewholecountryisproudofthisbreakthrough.TheChang’e5missionhasachievedmanysignificantbreakthroughs,includingChina’sfirstlunar(月球的)surfacesampling,firstliftofffromthemoonandthefirstspacecraftwiththeabilitytogatherandmeetinlunarorbitwithsamplestore-entertheEarth’satmosphere.ThesuccessoftheChang’e5missionmarksaconclusionofChina’scurrentlunarexplorationproject.Thesuccessfulre-entryandlandingoftheChang’e5capsule(太空艙)haveenabledChinatoobtainitsfirstlunarsamples,markinganewstartforlunarandplanetaryresearch.Withthisachievement,Chinasetsanewmilestoneinspaceexploration.NomatterhowfarChinagoesintospace,italwaysstaystruetoitsoriginalmission—uncoveringthesecretsoftheuniverseandcontributingtohuman’speacefuluseofspace.Chinaisapeace-lovingcountryandwilluseitsachievementsforpromotingpeacearoundtheglobe.Chinaviewstheseeffortsaspartoftheworld’slunarexploration.Itchoseadifferentlandingsiteandispromisingtoshareitssamplestoenrichtheplanet’sknowledge.Someforeignscientistshaveshownparticularinterest.Theexplorationisnotforcommercialpurposes,butinternationalscientificresearch.Humanbeingsshallexplorethemoontogether,asitwillfinallyneedlargeprojectsrequiringinternationalcooperation.Chinawillplayaleadershiproleintheinternationalscientificcommunity.【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了嫦娥五號任務的成功使得中國在太空探索上樹立了一個新的里程碑。28.WhatmadeChinesepeoplefeelproudaccordingtothepassage?A.Landingonthemoonsuccessfully.B.Gainingadmissiontoexplorethemoon.C.Strengtheningtheabilitytopromotethepeace.D.Bringingbackfirstsamplescollectedfromthemoon.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“PresidentXiJinpingpraisedthesuccessoftheChang’e5missioninbringingbackthecountry’sfirstsamplescollectedfromthemoon.Thewholecountryisproudofthisbreakthrough.”可知,中國人為帶回從月球上采集的第一批樣本感到驕傲。故選D項。29.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheChang’e5mission?A.Horriblebutromantic.B.Fearfulbutsuccessful.C.Challengingbutrewarding.D.Dangerousbutpeaceful.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容以及第三段中“Thesuccessfulre-entryandlandingoftheChang’e5capsulehaveenabledChinatoobtainitsfirstlunarsamples,markinganewstartforlunarandplanetaryresearch.”可判斷,嫦娥五號的任務有挑戰(zhàn)性但也有回報。故選C項。30.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theoriginalmissionremainsunchanged.B.Countriesjointogethertoexplorethemoon.C.Chinatakesprideintheachievementsinspace.D.Chinasetsanewmilestoneinspaceexploration.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Withthisachievement,Chinasetsanewmilestoneinspaceexploration.”及全文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要介紹了中國在太空探索上樹立了一個新的里程碑。故選D項。31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Aposter. B.Aleaflet.C.Anewspaper. D.Aguidebook.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,本文主要介紹了嫦娥五號任務的成功使得中國在太空探索上樹立了一個新的里程碑,這屬于新聞報道,因此文章很有可能來自一份報紙。故選C項。D(2021·如皋高二檢測)Havingamicrochipimplantedinaman’sbrainmaybecommoninsci-fimovieplots,butitmaysoonbecomeanactualpossibility.ElonMusk—aUStechtycoon,founderofSpaceX—hasbeenworkingonthistechnology.OnAug28,Muskgaveadisplayofthechip,whichwasimplantedintotheheadofapignamedGertrude.Thechip,developedbyMusk’scompanyNeuralink,isthesizeofacoin.Butdon’tletitssizefoolyou.Thetinychiphasover3,000electrodes(電極)attachedtoflexiblethreads,whichcanmonitorabout1,000neurons(神經(jīng)元).Itcollectsneuralsignalsfromanareaofthebrain,andthentransmitsthosesignalswirelesslytonearbycomputers,accordingtoMSN.ThatenabledresearcherstomonitorGertrude’sbrainactivitywhileshewaswalkingaroundinthedisplay.Thoughthetechnologyisstillinitsearlystage,itisencouragingforhumans.ThistechnologywouldsolvealotofbraininjuriesandisessentialforAIsymbiosis,whichwillallowthehumanbraintocombinewithanartificialintelligence.Whenthedevicecanbeappliedtohumans,itsmaingoalwillbetohelpthosewhohavemobilitydifficulties.Muskhopesthistechnologycanalsobeusedtohelpthosewithhearingandeyesightissues.Althoughsuchadevicecouldrepairthoseproblems,puttingitintopracticeisbynomeansapieceofcake.Currently,thedevicecantransmitsignalsfromabout500neuronsinthepig’sbrain.Comparedto80billionneuronsinahumanbrain,thisnumberistiny.Andtocoverthewholehumanbrainalsomeanstheelectrodeshavetobemuchsmaller.Also,implantingthechipintothebrainposesapotentialdanger.Thereisariskoftheimmunesystemattackingthisforeignbody.Rightnow,thehopeofcontrollingthebrainviacontrollingafewneuronsseemsoverlyoptimistic.“Therearemanytechnologicalchallenges...toovercomebeforeNeuralinkcanputitsdevicestothepurposes,”YuanLanfeng,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,toldChina【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。介紹了在大腦植入芯片聽起來很科幻,但是馬斯克的公司已經(jīng)開始實施這樣的實驗了。32.WhatdoweknowaboutElonMusk’smicrochip?A.Itwasinspiredbysci-fimovieplots.B.Itisabletocollectwirelesssignals.C.Itistinyinsizebutpowerfulinfunction.D.Ithasbeenimplantedintoahuman’sbrain.【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段內(nèi)容可知,這種芯片雖然小但是功能強大。故選C項。33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph3referto?A.TheoperationofthechipinGertrude’sbrain.B.Theattachmentofelectrodestoflexiblethreads.C.ThedevelopmentofneuronsinsideGertrude’sbrain.D.Thetransmissionofsignalsfromanearbycomputer.【解析】選A。詞義猜測題。由畫線詞的前一句“Itcollectsneuralsignalsfromanareaofthebrain,andthentransmitsthosesignalswirelesslytonearbycomputers”可知,這就是芯片工作的原理。根據(jù)語境,畫線詞That就是指代這種過程。故選A項。34.Whatisthemajortargetofthemicrochip?A.Tomonitoranimals’brainactivity.B.Tohelppeoplewithmobilityissues.C.Todevelopacureforimmunesystemproblems.D.TocontributetotheresearchonAItechnologies.【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。由第五段第一句“Whenthedevicecanbeappliedtohumans,itsmaingoalwillbetohelpthosewhohavemobilitydifficulties.”可知,選項B符合題意。故選B項。35.HowdoesYuanLanfengfeelaboutimplantingthechipintothehumanbrain?A.Worried. B.Excited.C.Optimistic. D.Challenged.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“‘Therearemanytechnologicalchallenges...toovercomebeforeNeuralinkcanputitsdevicestothepurposes,’YuanLanfeng,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,toldChinaDaily.”可知,袁嵐峰認為這個技術很有“挑戰(zhàn)性”。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。EndangeredspeciesAnendangeredspeciesisagroupofanimalsthatcouldsoonbecomeextinct.36Manyspeciesarenearlyextinctandcoulddisappearoffthefaceoftheearthverysoonifwedon’tdoanythingtosavethem.Therearemanyreasonswhyspeciesbecomeendangered.

Habitatdestructionisthemainreasonwhyanimalsbecomeendangeredandthishappensintwoways.Whenhumansmoveintoanewarea,theanimals’habitatisdestroyedandthereisnowhereforthemtoliveandnothingtoeatbecausehumanschopdowntreesandbuildhousesandfarms.37Chemicalsinriversandpoisonsonfarmscausethedestructionofanimals’homesandfoodsupplies.

38Animalshavebeenbroughttotheedgeofextinctionbecausetheyarekilledfortheirhighly-valuedmeat,fur,bonesorskin,orjustforsport.Overfishinghasresultedinmanylargeseacreatureslikewhalesandsharksbecomingendangeredspecies.

39Weshouldtakecarenottopollutenaturalareas,andfarmersorcompanieswhodestroyanimalhabitatsshouldfaceseverefinancialpenalties.Thepubliccanhelpoutbyrefusingtobuyanyproductsmadefromtheseanimals’bodyparts.Governmentscanhelp,too,bymakingitagainstthelawtohunt,fishortradeinendangeredspecies.Theycanalsoprovidefundingforanimalsanctuaries,toprotectanimalsfromextinctionbybreedingmoreendangeredanimals,whichtheylaterreleaseintothewild.40

A.Animalhabitatsarealsodestroyedbecauseofpollution.B.Endangeredspeciesarealsotheresultofhuntingandfishing.C.Eventually,allthecreaturesonEarthwillenjoybeingtogether.D.Recentchanges,however,havehelpedtoimprovethesituation.E.Sowhatcanindividualsandgovernmentsdotoprotectendangeredspecies?F.Extinctionhappenswhenthelastofthespecieshasdiedoutandtherewillbenomore.G.Ifweallcooperateandtakethesesteps,wewillprotecttheseanimalsforfuturegenerations.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了導致瀕危物種的幾點原因以及個人和政府為了保護瀕危物種可以采取哪些措施。36.【解析】選F。第一段主要講述了到底什么是瀕危物種。F項“當物種中的最后一個消失了,再也沒有這個物種了,滅絕就發(fā)生了?！蹦軌虺薪由衔?介紹了物種的滅絕是如何發(fā)生的。故選F項。37.【解析】選A。本段主要介紹的是動物棲息地被破壞的兩種原因。空格后句“河流中的化學物質和農(nóng)場中的毒物會破壞動物的家園和食物供應?！盇項“動物棲息地也因污染而遭到破壞。”能夠引出下文,講的是污染對動物棲息地的破壞。故選A項。38.【解析】選B?？崭窬錇楸径沃髦季洹７治龆温鋬?nèi)容可知,本段主要講的是人類的過度捕殺是造成瀕危物種的原因之一。B項“瀕危物種也是狩獵和捕魚的結果?！蹦軌蚋爬ǘ温渲髦?。故選B項。39.【解析】選E?？崭窬錇楸径沃髦季洹？崭窈缶渥咏榻B的是個人可以為保護瀕危物種做的事情。再根據(jù)本段關鍵句“Governmentscanhelp,too,bymakingitagainstthelawtohunt,fishortradeinendangeredspecies.”可知,政府也可以通過制定法律規(guī)定捕獵、捕魚或交易瀕危動物是違法行為來保護瀕危物種。由此可知,E項“個人和政府能做些什么來保護瀕危物種呢?”能夠概括段落主旨。故選E項。40.【解析】選G?？崭裎挥诙温涞淖詈笠痪?本段講述的是個人和政府為了保護瀕危物種可以采取哪些措施。G項“如果我們大家合作并采取這些措施,我們將為后代保護這些動物。”符合語境。故選G項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)(2021·濟南高二檢測)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Allstudentshaveupsanddowns.Whenthere’sadropinastudent’sgradesorbehaviour,weteachers’normal41maybedoingmoreharmthangood.

Yousee,it’s42toimmediatelypullstrugglingstudentsasideforachat.Thismayincludemanyquestions,advice,and43words.Butitmaybealla44.Studiesfoundthatitpreventsstudentsfromdealingwithchallengesontheirown.Students45they’restruggling.Theycanfeelitandseeit.Likeallpeople,though,ittakestimeto46it.

Whathaveputstudentsin47maybequarrelswithparentsorfriends,failuresinsportsorjustlaziness.Whateverthe48,it’sbesttogivethemtimetothink,evaluate,and49acourseofaction.Just50afewdaysbeforeintervening(介入).Whenastudent51thinksandlearnshowtofacedifficulties,he’lloftenbebraverandmoreconfident.Steppingintoosoonmayletthemformahabitof52others.

Butifaweekorsohaspassedandyouhaven’t53anychangeforthebetter,thenpullthemasideandaskthemonesimple,open-endedquestion:“You’renotdoingwelllately.Areyou54?”Thisquestionencouragesthemtotalkthroughwhatthey’re55andbegintocometotheirownconclusions.

However,iftheyhavementalproblems,potentialdangers,etc,youmustimmediatelystepin.【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。提到面對學生情緒低落,狀況不佳時,老師們的慣常做法可能不是最好的處理方法,建議老師先觀察一下,讓學生自己調整,之后有必要再介入。41.A.excuse B.reactionC.training D.expectation【解析】選B。當看到學生有情緒低落或成績下滑時,老師應該會做出反應(reaction)。故選B項。42.A.important B.challengingC.common D.boring【解析】選C。當學生有情緒低落或成績下滑,老師會找學生談心,這是老師的一種常見(common)的反應。故選C項。43.A.meaningless B.thoughtlessC.embarrassing D.encouraging【解析】選D。老師和學生聊天談心的內(nèi)容,一般會詢問問題,給些建議,以及說鼓勵性(encouraging)話語。故選D項。44.A.mistakeB.tryC.lessonD.threat【解析】選A。老師見到學生有異常表現(xiàn),一般就會立即把他叫過來談話,由下文“Just______afewdaysbeforeintervening”及該題空前的But可知,作者認為,老師的慣常做法可能是個錯誤(mistake)。故選A項。

45.A.argue B.knowC.pretend D.disbelieve【解析】選B。老師看到學生情緒或成績出現(xiàn)異常時,學生們自己也是知道(know)自己正在掙扎。故選B項。46.A.runinto B.holdbackC.giveaway D.getover【解析】選D。當學生自己意識到自己出現(xiàn)問題時,他們可以自己克服(getover)自己的負面情緒,只是需要時間。故選D項。47.A.doubt B.silence C.trouble D.charge【解析】選C。學生出現(xiàn)情緒低落或成績下滑,就陷入麻煩/困境(trouble),本句在總結常見的原因。故選C項。48.A.case B.action C.chance D.outcome【解析】選A。上文列舉了學生遇到麻煩可能有很多起因,不過無論實際情況(case)是哪一種,都最好給他們時間自己去調整。故選A項。49.A.suggest B.decide C.admit D.regret【解析】選B。建議老師給學生時間去處理自己的問題,過程會包括思考,評價,以及決定(decide)行動方案。故選B項。50.A.wait B.discuss C.travel D.chat【解析】選A。作者認為,發(fā)現(xiàn)學生有問題老師就立即找他聊,可能是個錯誤,最好學生自己先調整,由此可知,發(fā)現(xiàn)學生有問題了,稍等(wait)幾天。故選A項。51.A.frequently B.suddenlyC.independently D.regularly【解析】選C。老師不立即介入,給學生時間去獨立(independently)思考,并學習如何面對困難,會對學生的成長有利。故選C項。52.A.appreciating B.pickingupC.relyingon D.copying【解析】選C。老師介入太早可能使他們養(yǎng)成依賴別人(relyingonothers)的習慣。故選C項。53.A.made B.overlookedC.required D.noticed【解析】選D。本句句首But表示轉折,不要過早干預,并不是甩手不管,要密切觀察,過了一星期發(fā)現(xiàn)(notice)學生狀況還沒有好轉,就要找他了。故選D項。54.A.alright B.angry C.honest D.gifted【解析】選A。把學生叫過來談心先問他“你還好嗎?”表示關心。故選A項。55.A.enjoying B.experiencingC.studying D.testing【解析】選B。老師的關心詢問會讓學生敞開心扉,說出自己最近經(jīng)歷了(experiencing)什么。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2021·承德高二檢測)Theworld’slongestcross-seabridge—HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge(HZMB)openedonOctober24,2018.TheGuardiandescribeditasoneoftheseven56._______(wonder)ofthemodernworld.TheHZMB,57._______linksHongKongandMacaototheChinesemainlandcityofZhuhai,beganin2009andcostabout120billionyuan.It’sdesigned58._______(have)aservicelifeof120years,20yearslongerthanmostbridges.Andit’snotonlyabridge,butalsoparttunnel(隧道)andpartisland.Inonesection,thebridgeturnsintoa6.7kmunderseatunnelthat59._______(pass)throughtwoman-madeislands.Thetunnelistheworld’slongestunderseatunnelforroadtraffic,60._______(allow)largeshipstocontinuepassingthroughtheseaareaabovethetunnel.Thebridge’sengineershadtotakemanyenvironmentalfactors61._______considerationinordertoprotectthesurroundingenvironmentwhile62._______(build)thebridge.TheHZMBwillmake63._______muchmoreconvenienttoshortenthetraveltimefromHongKongtoZhuhaifromfourhourstoabout45minutes.Bydrawinglocalcitiesandregionsclosertogether,thebridgewillh