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2021-2022學(xué)年山西省太原第三實驗中學(xué)高三(上)第二
次月考英語試卷
一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題,共45.0分)
A
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,Choosingtheseasonticketcalculator
Ifyoutravelonthesameroutemorethanthreetimesaweek,thenseasonticketscouldhelpyou
tosavebothvaluabletimeandmoney.Besidesthat,they'realsoavailableinanumberofflexible
optionstosuitdifferenttimeframes.
Checkoutourseasonticketcalculatortodaytogetstarted.
1.Whatisthefeatureoftravelingoff-peakbytrainintheUK?
A.Thetrainsaretoocrowded.
B.Trainticketsareoftensoldout.
C.Therearemorepassengersatthistime.
D.Thetraveltimeperiodsarerelativelyunoccupied.
2.Whatcanvisitorsdoiftheywanttoknowwhentrainfareswillrise?
A.Callaheadandask.
B.ChecktheAmericanapp.
C.Refertothepricepredictiontool.
D.Downloadtheseasonticketcalculator.
3.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?
A.Toadvertisetrainservices.
B.Toencouragepassengerstotravelabroad.
C.Toofferservicestothetrainpassengersontheway.
D.Tohelpvisitorsspendlessmoneyonrailwaytickets.
B
Thatyoungstersweregluedtoonlinegamesontheirsmartphoneswasagreatconcernfor
NgurangMeena,aschoolteacherinNiijuli.The30-year-oldsocialscienceteacher,whoranthe
NgurangLearningInstitute,anadultliteracycentre,saidthatshefeltdisheartenedwhenshe
readstudentpapers."Thegraphofstudentperformanceisfallingeveryyear.ltbreaksmyheart
wheneverIseeanswersheets-basicgrammarskillsaremissingandthere'sanabsenceofany
cohesive(連貫性的)expression.Theylackguidanceandreadingcultureisalmostzero,”
Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthecentresheranhadtocloseduetoinfectiousdiseases,she
plannedtodosomethingtoaddresstheproblem.
InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksas
wellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNiijulionAugust30th,2020,wherepassers-by
couldspendtimereading.Theselectionsincludedmotivationalbooks,biographiesandnovels
aswellascomicsforyoungchildren."Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositand
read,butthatisokay/'shelaughed.
Meena'sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswhospenthoursinthereading
corner.Withintwomonths,hereffortbecamethetalkofthetown.
Now,generouscontributionsofbookscomeinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceiving
requeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthe
capitalJtanagar.Sincethetinylibrariesarefarfromthemaintown,shealsolendsbooksoutto
thosewhowanttoreadathome.
第2頁,共22頁
"Ineverthoughtthatthiswouldbecomesuchabiginspiration,"Meenasaid.nSince
childhood,wehavebeentoldthatbooksareourbestfriends.Thenextgenerationofkidsis
focusedongamesandotherthings.Idon*twantthemtoheadonthewrongtrack,0sheadded.
4.What'stheaimofMeena'sreadingprogram?
A.Tohelpadultslearnsomecohesiveexpression.
B.Tocareforyoungsterslackinginreading.
C.TokeepNgurangLearningInstituterunningwell.
D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofreadingforadults.
5.WhatdidMeenadotoencourageyoungkidstoreadmore?
A.Sheofferedthemtransportation.
B.Sheofferedsomerewardstothem.
C.Shechosenovelswithbeautifulcovers.
D.Sheselectedbookscoveringeverycategory.
6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMeena'slibraries?
A.Influentialandmeaningful.B.Smallanduseless.
C.Largebutimpractical.D.Widespreadbutunwelcome.
7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Books:SourcesofKnowledge
B.TheRoadsideReadingCorner
C.TheLibrary:aParadisefortheYoung
D.NewIdeasaboutSettingaReadingPlan
c
Whilewemaythinkitfeelsgoodtocomplain,complaininghassomebadeffectsassociated
withit.
Whyisn'tcomplainingbeneficial?Researchshowsthatitconnectsourbrainwith
negativity.Thebrainisdesignedtoworkefficiently.Thismeansthatwhenwerepeata
thought,negativeorpositive,thenervecellsformabridgebetweeneachothertopass
informationinahigherspeed.Therefore,thenexttimewehaveasimilartypeofthought,itis
moreeasilypassed.Thisexplainswhycertainthoughtpatternsbecomehabits.
Yettheharmfuleffectsdon*tstopthere.Astudyshowsthatcomplainingcausesthe
hippocampus(海馬區(qū)),whichplaysavitalroleinproblem-solving,tobecomesmaller.
Inadditiontocausingbraindamage,complainingalsoreleasesastresshormone:cortisol,akind
ofchemicalthebodyproduceswhenwemeetwithsomedanger.Constantlyhavingahighlevel
ofcortisolresultsinhighbloodpressure,highbloodsugar,andlowerimmunity(免疫力).
Theilleffectsofourcomplainingaren'tjustlimitedtoourselves:theyalsoinvolvethose
aroundus.Wetendtomirrorthemoodsofourfriends.Forthisreason,weshouldbecautious
abouthavingstubborncomplainersinourcircleofcompanions.
Thebestwaytodealwithconstantnegativityistodevelopasenseofgratitude(感恩).Justlike
complainingactsasapoison,gratitudeactsasamedicine.Researchshowsitlowerscortisol
levelsby23percent,aswellasreducesbloodpressureandbloodsugar.ltalsodecreases
tirednessanddepression.Gratitudeistheperfectcureforcomplainingsbehaviorthatstealsour
brainpower,happinessandphysicalwell-being.
Whathaveyouobservedabouttheeffectsofcomplaininginyourownlifeorinthelivesof
others?Haveyounoticedthatwhenyouaregrateful,youfeelbetterallover?Pleaseshare
yourthoughtsinthecommentssectionbelow.
8.WhatdoPara2-3mainlytalkabout?
A.Thediseasescausedbycomplaining.
B.Thedecreaseofavitalpartofourbrain.
C.Thebadeffectsofcomplainingonbrainpower.
D.Thereasonwhycertainthoughtpatternsbecomehabits.
9.Whatcanweknowaboutcortisolfromthepassage?
A.GratitudeisaneffectivecureforCortisol.
B.Ourbodyproducecortisolwhenwefeelexited.
C.Cortisolisachemicalthatcancausebraindamage.
D.Havingahighlevelofcortisolcanleadtomanyhealthproblems.
10.Whatattitudedoesthewritertaketostubborncomplainers?
A.Grateful.B.Tolerant.C.Disapproving.D.Skeptical.
11.Wherecanthepassagemostprobablyappear?
A.Inanewspaper.B.Inamedicalreport.
C.Onawebsite.D.Inaradioprogram.
D
Acheapprintedsensorcouldtransmitwildfirewarnings.Wildfireshaverecentlydestroyed
regionsacrosstheworld,andtheirgravityisincreasing.Hopingtoreduceharm,researchersled
第4頁,共22頁
byYapeiWang,aChinesechemistofRenminUniversity,saytheyhavedevelopedan
inexpensivesensortodetectsuchfiresearlierwithlesseffort.
Currentdetectionmethodsrelyheavilyonhumanwatchfulness,whichcandelayaneffective
response.Mostwildfiresarereportedbythegeneralpublic,andotheralertscomefromroutine
footpatrolsandwatchtowerobservers.Passingplanesandsatellitesalsooccasionallyspot
something,but"thefirefirstappearsontheground,"Wangsays."Whenyouseethefirefrom
thesky,itistoolate.”
Theteamsaysitsnewsensorcanbeplacedneartreetrunks1basesandsendawirelesssignalto
anearbyreceiverifthereisadramatictemperatureincrease.Thatheatalsopowersthesensor
itself,withoutreplacingbatteries.Theteamprintedthesubstancesontoordinarypapertocreate
asensorforjust$0.40.
Butimprovingcoordinationamongthedifferentagenciesinvolvedinfirefightingisevenmore
crucialtoaddress,saysGrahamKent,anearthquakeexpertattheUniversityof
Nevada,Reno,whowasnotpartofthestudy.KentisdirectorofALERTWildfire,anetworkthat
usescamerasandcrowdsourcingtowatchforfiresinCalifornia,NevadaandOregon.uThe
wholewaythatyourespondtoafireuntilit*sputoutislikeaballet,"hesays."You'dhaveto
choreograph(設(shè)計)itjustso,withresourcespreciselyallocatedattherighttimeandplacefrom
detectiontoconfirmationtoassignmenttoextinguishment(熄滅).Firedetectionisjuststep
one."
Wangsayshisteam'snextstepsaretoextendthedevice'ssignalrangebeyondthecurrent100
meters,whichcanlimitpracticaluse,andtodevelopaprotectiveshieldforit.TheTransmitter's
effectiveness,henotes,willalsoneedtobetestedinthefieldahead.
12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gravityuinparagraph1probablymean?
A.Pull.B.Extinction.C.Popularity.D.Seriousness.
13.Whatdoweknowaboutthesensor?
A.Itspriceremainshigh.
B.Itsbatteriesarereplaceable.
C.Itcandetectfiresearlierandeasier.
D.Itcanreducefirefighters'pain.
14.WhatdoesKentmeaninparagraph4?
A.Firefightingiseasybutcrucial.
B.Technologyisthekeytoextinguishingafire.
C.Puttingoutafireisacooperativeandorderlyactivity.
D.Theresourcesoffiredetectionarepreciselyallocated.
15.What'stheplanforthenewsensoraccordingtoWang?
A.Improvingandtestingit.
B.Limitingitsuseandtransmission.
C.Examingandreducingitssignalrange.
D.Gettingitonthemarketaheadoftime.
二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題,共15.0分)
InEnglish,wehaveasayingthatgoes,"Useitorloseit."Itmeansthatifyoudonotcontinueto
useaskill,youmightlosetheabilitytodoso.
Wecansaythisaboutlanguagelearning,includinglearningnewwords.⑴
OurreaderBaninhasaquestionloday.Hereisthequestion:howcanIimprovemyvocabulary?
Itisagreatquestion!TheanswerwillhelpmanyEnglishlearners.Herearefourthingsyoucan
do.
Read,read,read
Readalot!Lookfornewstories,websites,magazinesandbooksonsubjectsthatyou
enjoy.Whilereading,trytoguessthemeaningsofnewwordsfromtheircontext.(2)Ifthereare
televisionshowsorfilmsthatyouloveinEnglish,watchthemwithEnglishsubtitlestolearn
newwordsandhearhowwesaythem.
Writeaboutit
But,don'tjustread.WritelAgreatwaytopracticewhatyoureadistowriteaboutit.(3)Another
thingyoucanwriteaboutiswhatyoudidtoday.Ifyouspenttimewithafriendorfamily
member,wenttoanevent,hadadeliciousmealordidsomethingelse,writeaboutit!
Learnwordforms
(4)Whenyoulearnanewword,learnitsotherforms.Forexample,theword"sleepy"isan
adjective.Butithasnoun,verbandadverbforms.Youcanmakeawordformchartinanote
bookorwirelessdeviceandwriteasentenceexampleforeachform.
(5L
Anotherpowerfulmemorytooliswordassociation(聯(lián)系):useyourimaginationtocreate
mentalimageslinkedtonewwords.Forexample,whenIsay"tasty",whatfoodimagedoyou
seeinyourmind?Keepthatfoodimageinyourmindandalwaysmentallyconnectittothe
word"tastyH.Then,thenexttimeyoutrytorememberthewordHtasty'1,thementalimagewill
第6頁,共22頁
appear.
A.Usewordfamilies
B.Usewordassociation
C.Here'sanothergreattechnique.
D.Ifyoudonotusethenewwordsoften,youmightforgetthem.
E.Then,youcancheckthemeaningsinapaperdictionaryoronline.
F.Forexample,ifyoureadawebstoryaboutthebestfitnessappsof2019,writeaboutit.
G.Writingcanbeagreatwayofproperlylearningthekindofvocabularyyouneedtodescribe
yourownlifeandinterests.
16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.
EF.FG.G
17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.
EF.FG.G
18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.
EF.FG.G
19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.
EF.FG.G
20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.
EF.FG.G
三、完形填空(本大題共20小題,共40.0分)
Itwasahot,dampsummerday.AfterI(21)mytankinthelocalgasstation,!startedtowalk
insidetopay.JustthenInoticedtwoelderly(22)standingbackfromtheircar.Therewasa
mixtureofshockand(23)ontheirfaces.Ifollowedtheir(24)andsawwhattheysaw:five
yellowjacketswerebuildinga(25)aroundtheirgascap.Myeyes(26).Isharedtheladies*
fear.Yellowjacketshadneverbeen(27)tome.WhenIwasayoungboyafriendofmineandI
were(28)andplayinginmybackyard.Imusthave(29)ononeoftheirhiddennestswhile
running.(30)bothofuswerebeingchasedandstungoverandoverbytheyellowjackets.We
ranaway(31)withgreatfear.Mymom(32)ranacoldbathandputusbothinittoeasethepain
anditching(瘙癢)(33)givingusmedicinetofightallthepoisoninourlittlebodiesfrom
the.stings.IknewIcouldn'tletfearstopmenow.I(34)mybackpocketforapapertowelIhad
thereforeoutthenestandsteppedonitwhilethe(35)wasps(黃蜂)buzzedaroundme.(36)of
theladiesthankedmeexcitedly.Ismiled,andnervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith(37).In
thislife,youcan*tletthefearofbeingstungeitherphysicallyor(38)keepyoufromdoingwhat
isright.Weneedtogo(39)ourselvesandloveeachother.Don^lettheyellowjacketsinyour
life(40)youback.
21.A.filledB.movedC.chargedD.emptied
22.A.menB.womenC.driversD.jackets
23.A.angerB.painC.sadnessD.fear
24.A.noseB.earsC.eyesD.mouth
25.A.roomB.nestC.houseD.hall
26.A.widenedB.closedC.openedD.lowed
27.A.lovelyB.likelyC.friendlyD.carefully
28.A.jumpingB.climbingC.walkingD.running
29.A.removedB.steppedC.pacedD.searched
30.A.AsaresultB.Afterall
C.AboveallD.Atthesametime
31.A.discussingB.exploringC.screamingD.laughing
32.A.nervouslyB.suddenlyC.casuallyD.immediately
33.A.afterB.whileC.beforeD.until
34.A.reachedintoB.aiTivedinC.gottoD.pulledout
35.A.happyB.angryC.sadD.worried
36.A.NeitherB.BothC.AllD.None
37.A.painB.surpriseC.doubtD.joy
38.A.heartedlyB.intelligentlyC.emotionallyD.punctually
39.A.throughB.backC.aheadD.beyond
40.A.holdB.setC.hangD.give
四、語法填空(本大題共1小題,共15.0分)
41.Amaleelephantthatbrokeawayfromthewanderingelephantpack(1)(send)backto
itsforesthomeonWednesdayinXishuangbannaDaiAutonomousPrefecture,southwest
China'sYunnanProvince,localauthoritiessaid.
YuxiCityheadquartersinchargeofmonitoringthepack'smigration(遷徙)tookthe(2)
(decide)earlyWednesdaymorning(3)(prevent)theloneanimalfromentering
heavilypopulatedareas.At3p.m.,theelephantwascaughtandreturnedtothenature
第8頁,共22頁
reserve.Theanimalappeared(4)(health)anddidnotsufferfromanyinjuries.
Thepackof15wanderingwildAsianelephantstravelledabout500kilometersnorthfrom
theirforesthome.ThemaleelephantseparatedfromthepackonJune6,andmovedaround
inthe(5)(city)ofKunming,AnningandYuxi,withanactiveareaof140square
kilometersandawalkingdistanceof190kilometers.lthadreliedmainlyon(6)was
providedbythelocals.The(7)(remain)14elephantshavebeenmovingsouthward
recentlybutarestillfarfromthereserve.
Asianelephantsare(8)A-levelstateprotectioninChina,wheretheyare(9)(most)found
inYunnan.Thankstodeterminedprotectioneffortsinrecentdecades,thewildelephant
populationin(10)provincehasgrowntoabout300,from193inthe1980s.
五、短文改錯(本大題共1小題,共10.0分)
42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文
中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪
除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(人),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)畫掉。
修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
WhenIwasalittlekid,Idreamedofkeepingonadog.Myparentsdisagreed,saythatIwas
tooyoungtotakecareformyself,letaloneadog.Ididn'tgiveup.Instead,!triedtobe
independenceandhelpedwithhousework.Afewmonthlater,myparentsfoundthatIhad
becomeconsideratethanbefore.Theyfinallyapproveofmyrequest.Onmyeight
birthday,theyboughtmealovelydogasthegift.Followingmyparents'directions.I've
learnedhowtoraisethedog.Istillmissthosedaysthatweaccompaniedeachother.
六、書面表達(本大題共1小題,共25.0分)
43.假如你是李華,你的朋友Mike一周前給你發(fā)電子郵件說他自進入高三以來一直覺
得壓力很大,請你根據(jù)以下要點給他回封郵件,幫助他振作起來:
1.安慰并分析他不開心的原因;
2.給他一些建議;
3.送上祝福。
注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;
2.可適當(dāng)增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。
提示詞:pressure壓力relievestress緩解壓力
第10頁,共22頁
答案和解析
1.【答案】
【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】D
【解析】(1)D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句WhentravellingbytrainintheUK,you
canbenefitfromreducedfaresbychoosingthetimeperiodsofdaythatarelessbusy.(當(dāng)你
在英國乘火車旅行時,你可以選擇一天中不那么繁忙的時段來享受優(yōu)惠票價。)可知,
在英國乘火車旅行時,游客可以選擇一天中不那么繁忙的時間來享受優(yōu)惠票價,這意味
著旅行時間段是相對空閑的。故選D。
(2)C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Ourcleverlittlepricepredictiontoolwillpredictthe
futureandletyouknowwhenticketpricesareabouttogoup,meaningyou'I1nevermissout
onthebestvaluefares.(我們聰明的小價格預(yù)測工具可以預(yù)測未來,讓你知道什么時候
機票價格會上漲,這意味著你永遠不會錯過最實惠的票價。)可知,priceprediction是
一款價格預(yù)測工具,它可以預(yù)測未來票價走勢,讓游客知道票價什么時候會上漲。故選
Co
(3)D.目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段第一IfyoureaftercheapUKtraintickets,checkthe
suggestionsbelowandseehowyoucouldbagyourselfabargain.(如果你想買便宜的英國
火車票,看看下面的建議,看看怎樣才能買到便宜貨。)可推斷,作者的寫作目的是讓
乘客買火車票少花錢。故選D。
這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了在英國如何買到便宜的火車票。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯
關(guān)系,對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章
未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋??忌紫纫屑氶喿x短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作
者觀點。
4.【答案】
【小題1】A【小題2】B【小題3】A【小題4】B
【解析】(1)A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第一段最后一句
Theylackguidanceandreadingcultureisalmostzero/'Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthe
centresheranhadtocloseduetoinfectiousdiseases,sheplannedtodosomethingtoaddresst
heproblem.(“他們?nèi)狈χ笇?dǎo),閱讀文化幾乎為零。"Meena說,當(dāng)她的學(xué)校和所經(jīng)營的
中心由于傳染病而不得不關(guān)閉時,她計劃采取措施解決這一問題。)可知,Meena要解
決孩子們?nèi)狈﹂喿x的問題,因此她的讀書計劃就是幫助成年人學(xué)習(xí)連貫性的表達。故選
Ao
(2)B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第二段最后一句"1havetopleasetheminorswithsweetstosit
andread,butthatisokay,"shelaughed.("我必須用糖果取悅未成年人,讓他們坐著看書,
但這沒關(guān)系。"她笑著說道。)可知,Meena得獎勵孩子們一些糖果,讓他們坐下來閱
讀。故選B。
(3)A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Meena'sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswho
spenthoursinthereadingcomer.(Meena's的圖書館在閱讀角的年輕人中很受歡迎)以及
第四段generouscontributionsofbookscomeinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceiving
requeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthecapital,Itanagar.
(公眾慷慨捐贈了書籍,她甚至收到了在該州其他地區(qū)(包括首都Itana-gar的一個圖書
館)建立此類圖書館的要求。)可知,故她的圖書館是有影響力和有意義的。故選A。
(4)B.標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段中的InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meena
setupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadin
NiijulionAugust30th,2020,wherepassers-bycouldspendtimereading.(受至!]Mizoram類
似提議的啟發(fā),Meena于2020年8月30日在Nirjuli的路邊建立了一個約80本書以及
一些長椅的書架,路人可以在這里花時間閱讀。)可知,本文主要講一位女教師開設(shè)路
邊的讀書角的故事。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為B.TheRoadsideReadingCorner"路邊閱讀角
"?故選B。
本文主要講一位女教師開設(shè)路邊的讀書角的故事。
做這類閱讀理解,要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相
關(guān)語句進行仔細分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。
8.【答案】
【小題1】C【小題2】D【小題3】C【小題4】C
第12頁,共22頁
(解析](1)C.段落大意題。根據(jù)原文第三段Yettheharmfuleffectsdon*tstopthere.Astudy
showsthatcomplainingcausesthehippocampuswhichplaysavitalroleinproblem-solving,to
becomesmaller.(然而,有害影響還不止于此。一項研究表明,抱怨會導(dǎo)致在解決問題
時起重要作用的海馬區(qū)變小。)以及第二段主要解釋了抱怨如何對大腦產(chǎn)生消極影響的。
故可知第2-3段主要談?wù)摫г箤δX力的不良影響。故選C。
(2)D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第四段最后一句Constantlyhavingahighlevelofcortisol
resultsinhighbloodpressure,highbloodsugar,andlowerimmunity.(持續(xù)高水平的皮質(zhì)醇
會導(dǎo)致高血壓、高血糖和免疫力下降。)可知皮質(zhì)醇水平過高會導(dǎo)致許多健康問題。故
選D。
(3)C.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第三段最后一句Forthisreason,weshouldbecautious
abouthavingstubborncomplainersinourcircleofcompanions.(基于這個原因,我們應(yīng)該
小心在我們的朋友圈里有固執(zhí)的抱怨者。)可知作者對于固執(zhí)抱怨者的態(tài)度是不贊成、
反對的。故選C。
(4)C.文章出處題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Pleaseshareyourthoughtsinthecommentssection
below.(請在下面的評論區(qū)分享你的想法。)可知文章最有可能是出現(xiàn)在一張網(wǎng)頁上。
故選C。
這是一篇說明文。一項研究表明,抱怨會導(dǎo)致在解決問題時起重要作用的海馬區(qū)變小。
除了造成大腦損傷,抱怨還會釋放一種壓力荷爾蒙:皮質(zhì)醉,持續(xù)高水平的皮質(zhì)醉會導(dǎo)
致高血壓、高血糖和免疫力下降。處理持續(xù)負面情緒的最好方法是培養(yǎng)一種感恩的意識。
做這類閱讀理解,要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相
關(guān)語句進行仔細分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。
12.【答案】
【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】C【小題4】A
【解析】(1)D.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分上文Wildfireshaverecentlydestroyedregions
acrosstheworld(最近,世界各地的一些地區(qū)都遭到了森林大火的破壞),and的后面
表示并列或者遞進,所以可推斷火勢越來越嚴(yán)重,故gravity意為“嚴(yán)重性:結(jié)合選項
A.Pull拉力;B.Extinction滅絕;C.Popularity流行;D.Seriousness嚴(yán)重性。故選D。
(2)C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Currentdetectionmethodsrelyheavilyonhuman
watchfulness,whichcandelayaneffectiveresponse."(目前的檢測方法嚴(yán)重依賴于人類的
警惕,這可能會延遲有效的反應(yīng)。)和第三段第一句Theteamsaysitsnewsensorcanbe
placedneartreetrunks'basesandsendawirelesssignaltoanearbyreceiverifthereisa
dramatictemperatureincrease.(研究小組表示,他們的新傳感器可以放置在樹干根部附
近,如果溫度急劇上升,就會向附近的接收器發(fā)送無線信號。)可知,目前的檢測方法
很大程度上依賴人的觀察力,這會延遲有效的反應(yīng)。這種新型傳感器可以向附近的接收
器發(fā)送無線信號,可以更快、更早地檢測出火災(zāi)。故選C。
(3)C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的"Thewholewaythatyourespondtoafireuntilit'sput
outislikeaballet,"hesays."You'dhavetochoreograph(設(shè)計)itjustso,withresources
preciselyallocatedattherighttimeandplacefromdetectiontoconfirmationtoassignmentto
extinguishment(熄滅).Firedetectionisjuststepone."(他說:"在火被撲滅之前,你對
火的反應(yīng)就像一場芭蕾舞。你必須精心設(shè)計,在正確的時間和地點精確分配資源,從探
測到確認到分配到消滅。火警探測只是第一步。")Kent說的話可知,改善消防機構(gòu)之
間的協(xié)調(diào)更為關(guān)鍵,你對火的反應(yīng),直到它被撲滅,就像一場芭蕾舞。你必須策劃和設(shè)
計,在正確的時間和地點分配資源,從探測到確認再到調(diào)度再到火熄滅。故可推知,滅
火是一項合作而有秩序的活動。故選C。
(4)A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Wangsayshisteam'snextstepsaretoextendthe
device'ssignalrangebeyondthecurrent100meters,whichcanlimitpracticaluse,andto
developaprotectiveshieldforit.TheTransmitter'seffectiveness,henotes,willalsoneedtobe
testedinthefieldahead.(王說,他的團隊的下一步是將該設(shè)備的信號范圍擴大到目前的
100米以外,這可能會限制實際使用,并為其開發(fā)一種保護屏蔽。他指出,發(fā)射機的有
效性也需要在未來的戰(zhàn)場上進行測試。)由此可知,他的團隊會對新型傳感器進行改進
和測試,故選A。
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種可以傳送野火警報的新型傳感器。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯
關(guān)系,對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章
未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋??忌紫纫屑氶喿x短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作
者觀點。
16.【答案】
【小題1】D【小題2】E【小題3】F【小題4】C【小題5】B
第14頁,共22頁
【解析】(1)D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文"Wecansaythisaboutlanguagelearning,including
learningnewwords(我們可以這樣說語言學(xué)習(xí),包括學(xué)習(xí)新單詞)"可知,這也適用語
言學(xué)習(xí),包括學(xué)習(xí)新單詞。D選項Ifyoudonotusethenewwordsoften,youmightforget
them.(如果你不經(jīng)常使用這些新單詞,你可能會忘記它們)"是對上文"InEnglish,wehave
asayingthatgoes,"Useitorloseit."(在英語中,我們有句諺語說:"用它或失去它。
”在學(xué)習(xí)新單詞中兩種情況的具體解釋,符合題意。故選D。
(2)E.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文"Whilereading,trytoguessthemeaningsofnewwordsfrom
theircontext(閱讀時,試著從上下文中猜測生詞的含義)”可知,既然是猜測的含義,
就存在著錯或者對。E選項”Then,youcancheckthemeaningsinapaperdictionaryoronline.
(然后,你可以在紙質(zhì)字典或在線上核對它的意思)”解釋了通過某種手段來核對含義
是錯還是對,符合題意。故選E。
(3)F.舉例說明題。根據(jù)下文"Anotherthingyoucanwriteaboutiswhatyoudidtoday。If
youspenttimewithafriendorfamilymember,wenttoanevent,hadadeliciousmealordid
somethingelse,writeaboutit(你可以寫的另一件事是你今天所做的。"如果你和朋友或家
人一起度過一段時間,去參加一個活動,吃一頓美味的飯,或者做點別的事情,就寫下
來。)“可知,F(xiàn)i^J^"Forexample,ifyoureadawebstoryaboutthebestfitnessappsof2019,
writeaboutit(例如,如果你讀了一篇關(guān)于2018年最佳健身應(yīng)用程序的網(wǎng)絡(luò)故事,你就
可以寫下來)”是寫其個事情的具體內(nèi)容,符合題意。故選F。
(4)C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題"Learnwordforms(學(xué)習(xí)詞性變化)"及下文"When
youlearnanewword,learnitsotherforms(當(dāng)你學(xué)習(xí)一個新詞時,學(xué)習(xí)它的基它形式。)
"可知,C選項"Here'sanothergreattechnique.(這有其它的好的技巧)”是為了介紹一種
學(xué)習(xí)形式,C選項在此承上啟下,符合題意。故選C。
(5)B.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)下文"Anotherpowerfulmemorytooliswordassociation.themental
imagewillappear(另一個強大的記憶工具是單詞聯(lián)想。腦海中的圖像就會出現(xiàn))"可知,
整個段落都在講如何進行單詞的聯(lián)想。B選項"Usewordassociation.(使用單詞的聯(lián)想)
"對下文進行了概況總結(jié),突出了中心,符合題意。故選B。
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何提高詞匯量提出了幾點有效的方法。
選句填空類閱讀理解題材廣泛,故學(xué)生要拓展知識面,關(guān)心時事,學(xué)習(xí)之余,增加閱讀
面。做此類題型,要通讀全文,了解常見寫作順序,重點理解空白處前后的句子,關(guān)注
段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系,如:并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系及其它關(guān)系。把握意思的連
貫性、邏輯性,鎖定線索詞,認真閱讀選項,排除迷惑項,確定選項后,再快速泛讀全
文,確保文章上下銜接流暢,選項有據(jù)可依。
21.【答案】
【小題1]A【小題2】B【小題3】D【小題4】C【小題5】B
【小題6】A【小題
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