2023-2024學(xué)年山西省運城市景勝中學(xué)高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試卷

2023-2024學(xué)年山西省運城市景勝中學(xué)高中學(xué)業(yè)水

平考試英語試卷

一、閱讀理解

Areyouadifferentpersonwhenyouspeakaforeignlanguage?That1sjustoneof

thequestionsTheNewYorker1swriterandnativeNorthCarolinianLaurenCollins

exploresinherengagingautobiography,abouthertougheffortstomasterFrenchafter

marryingaFrenchmanwhosename一Olivier—shecouldn*tevenpronounce

properly.WheninFrenchrangesfromthehumorouslypersonaltoadeeperlookat

varioustheoriesoflanguageacquisitionandlinguistics.

ThecouplemetinLondon“onmoreorlessneutralground:hiscontinent,my

language."ButthebalanceshiftedwhentheymovedtoGenevaforOlivier*swork.

ThenormallyvolubleCollinsfoundherselfataloss—unearlyspeechless."The

languagebarrier,andherdependenceonherhusbandforsimplethingslikebuyingthe

rightcutofmeatworsenedhermixedfeelingsabout"unlovely,butnotridiculous”

Geneva.Shecomments,“Language,asmuchasland,isaplace.Tobecutofffromit

istobe,inasense,homeless."

Hersenseofalienation（疏離感）leadstoanexaminationofAmerica,smiserable

recordwhenitcomestoforeignlanguages:"LinguistscallAmerica'thegraveyard

oflanguages'becauseofitssingularabilitytotakeinmillionsofimmigrantsand

maketheirnativelanguagesdieoutinafewgenerations,"Collinswrites.Educated

inWilmington,N.C.,andatPrinceton,shecould—likethevastmajorityof

Americans—onlyspeaktheirmothertongue.

EightmonthsaftershemovedtoSwitzerland,Collinsgaveuponthenatural

acquisitionoflanguageandfinallyenrollsinaFrenchcourse.Asshestruggleswith

grammarandvocabulary,Collinsnotessmartlythatvert(green),verre(glass),ver

(worm),vers(toward),andvair(squirrel)composeaquintuplehomonym(同形異義).

"Althoughit'sdifficult,Frenchcanbetried/'shesays.

YetFrenchisactuallyconsideredamongtheeasiestlanguagesforanEnglish

speakertolearn,especiallycomparedtoArabicorMandarinChinese.Collins,whose

notablyrichEnglishvocabularyincludesglossolalia(nonsensespeech)andshibboleth

(catchwordorslogan),findsplentyofterrificFrenchwordstolove.Shewrites,

"Englishisatrustfund,anunearnedinheritance,butPveworkedforeverybitof

FrenchPvebanked."

UnlikeJhumpaLahiri,whobecamesohookedonItalianandusedittowriteIn

OtherWords,Collins*goalsforlearningFrenchweremoremodest:UIwantedto

speakFrenchandtosoundlikeNorthCarolina.”Shealsowantedtobeabletodeal

withchimneysweepsandbutchers,communicatewithherin-laws,andutotouch

Olivierinhisownlanguage."SheadmitsthatshefeelsdifferentspeakingFrench:

'Itsausterity(樸素)mademefeelmoreconfused."

1.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“voluble”

inParagraph2?

A.Graceful.B.Dependent.C.Talkative.D.Energetic.

2.WhydolinguistscallAmerica“thegraveyardoflanguages"?

A.BecauseotherlanguagesareprohibitedinAmerica.

B.BecauseonlyEnglish-speakingpeoplecanimmigrateintoAmerica.

C.Becauseimmigrants1nativelanguagescontradictEnglishinAmerica.

D.BecauseAmericancultureswallowsupimmigrants'nativelanguagesgradually.

3.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4andParagraph5?

A.Collins'EnglishvocabularyknowledgecontributeslittletoherFrenchlearning.

B.CollinshasfoundoutsomeeffectivewaysofmasteringFrenchwords.

C.ArabicorMandarinChineseiseasiertolearnthanFrenchforEnglishspeakers.

D.It*sterrifyingforCollinstohaveFrenchwordsinstoreforpracticaluse.

FromSantaBarbaratoScotland,strangersarebecomingfriendsbygoingonbike

ridestogether.TheygetpairedupbyCyclingWithoutAge,anorganizationthathelps

seniorsgoforbikerides,eveniftheycan*tpedalthemselves.

HughLyonandDavidLawrence,whoareroughly20yearsapartinage,havebeen

ridingtogetherforyears.The56-year-oldLawrenceservesasa“pilot”,drivingthe

trishaw-abikewithapassengerseatinthefrontthatCyclingWithoutAgeusesfor

theirrides.Theygofbrridesaboutonceaweek,oftendiscussingthehistoryoftheir

town.

"Despitemydeceasedparents,itgivesmeaconnectionwithpeoplefromanolder

generation/1saidLawrence,“andIenjoyspendingtimewiththemandhearing

theirStories."Thepairhaveformedafriendshipoutsideofcycling.Lawrencesaid

hecallsLyonoftenandgoestothegymwithhimtohelphimwithexerciseshe

can*tdoonhisown.

OleKassow,whofoundedCyclingWithoutAge,saidthat*sthepowerofthe

program."Thetrulypowerfulthingaboutthesebikeridesisthattheytiepeopleand

storiestogethertocreatenewrelationships,"hetoldCBSNews.uInmyexperience,

friendships-andtheabilitytoformnewrelationshipsatanyage-arewhatdefinea

goodlife,andoftenalsoalongandhappylife/*

JohnBoettnerstartedtheSantaBarbarachapter.Hehasoneruleforpassengers.

“Theysay,lWhatdoesitcostifI'mgoingtogoforaride?1Isay,'Here's

whatitcosts:Youhavetowave.Ifyoudon'twave,Vmgoingtokickyouout/"

hejoked.Hesaidhelikeswhentheyhitredlights,becauseitgivesthemachanceto

connectwithpeopleontheroad."Drivingthetrishawisthebestadvertisementfor

CyclingWithoutAge",Boettnersaid,“Whenyoutakea101-year-oldwomanfora

bikerideandsheholdsyourhandtightandsaysthankyouandgivesyouakissonthe

cheek,itdoesn*tgetanybetterthanthat/'

4.WhatbenefitdidLawrencegetfromCyclingWithoutAge?

A.Pickingupforgottenstories.B.Improvinghishealthcondition.

C.Understandinghisparents*love.D.Creatingarelationshipwithseniors.

5.WhydidOleKassowmention“friendships”?

A.Tosharethepleasureofcycling.B.Tostatethenatureofhappiness.

D.Tointroducethedefinitionofagood

C.lbshowthevalueoftheprogram.

life.

6.WhatcanwelearnfromBoettner'swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Theprogramneedstobeadvertised.B.Passengershavetopayfortheirrides.

C.RedlightsconnectpeoplewiththeD.Bikeridersfeelcontentbyoffering

pilots.rides.

7.Whatmessagedoesthepassageconvey?

A.AtruefriendisonesoulintwoB.Bearainbowinsomebodyelse*s

bodies.cloud.

C.Don*tgothroughlife,growthroughD.Happinessisajourney,nota

life.destination.

GENETICtestingcannottellteachersanythingusefulaboutanindividualpupil,s

educationalachievement.Thatistheconclusionofastudythatlookedathowwellso-

calledpolygenicscoresforeducationpredictaperson'seducationalachievements,

basedonalong-termstudyofthousandsofpeopleintheUK."Somepeoplewitha

verylowgeneticscoreareveryhighperformersatage16.Someareeveninthetop3

percent,"saysTimMorrisattheUniversityofBristol,UK.

AndwhileMorrisexpectstheaccuracyofpolygenicscoresforeducational

achievementstoimprove,hedoesn1tthinktheywilleverbegoodenoughtopredict

howwellanindividualwilldo.Evenrelativelysimplequalitiessuchasheightare

influencedbythousandsofgeneticvariants,eachofwhichmayonlyhaveatiny

effect.Ithasbeenclaimedthatpolygenicscorescanbeusedtomakeuseful

predictions,suchasaperson'slikelihoodofdevelopingvariousdiseases.One

companyisevenofferingembryoscreening(screeningofanunbornbabyinthevery

stagesofdevelopment)basedonpolygenicscoresfordiseaserisk.

Someresearchers一notablyRobertPlominofKing*sCollegeLondon一think

thatschoolsshouldstartusingpolygenicscoresforeducationalachievement.Inmost

cases,thescoresmayreflectqualitiessuchaspersistenceaswellasintelligence.

Toassesstheusefulnessofpolygenicscoresineducation,Morrisandhiscolleagues

calculatedthemfor8,000peopleinBristolwhoarepartofalong-termstudyknown

astheChildrenofthe90s.Theparticipants*genomeshavebeenqueuedandtheir

academicresultsareavailabletoresearchers.Amongotherthings,theteamfounda

correlationof0.4betweenaperson'spolygenicscoreandtheirexamresultsatage

16.Buttherewouldneedtobeacorrelationofatleast0.8tomakeusefulpredictions

aboutindividuals,saysMorris.Plomin,however,arguesthattheresultssupporthis

opinion."Acorrelationof0.4makesitthestrongestpolygenicpredictorinthe

behaviouralsciences,"saysPlomin.It*ssomuchstrongerthanalotofother

thingswebasedecisionson.Soit1saverybigfinding.0

Morrissaysschoolsalreadyhaveaccesstootherpredictorsthataremoreaccurate,

suchasapupil1searliertestresults.Lookingatparents'educationalachievements

isalsoabetterpredictorofapupil*sacademicresultsthanstudyingtheirgenome,

hisresultsshow.Providingteacherswithanextrapredictorbasedongeneticswould

justconfusematters,saysMorris,andthecostcannotbejustified.

8.Inparagraph2,Morristalksabout“height”inordertotellreadersthat.

A.somequalitiesarehardlyaffectedbyanygeneticvariants

B.somequalitiesareinfluencedbythousandsofgeneticvariants

C.geneticscoresareusefulinpredictingone*spotentialdiseases

D.geneticscorescanhelpchildrenimprovetheirscoresatschool

9.HowdidMorrisprovetheeffectofpolygeneticscoresineducation?

A.Byprovidingoppositeexamples.

B.Byexplaininghowthegenomeworks.

C.Bylistingfindingsfromanotherscientist.

D.Bypresentingfactsanddatafromresearch.

10.AccordingtoPlomin,acorrelationof0.4isreliablebecauseitis.

A.usefulintellingyouhowintelligentandpersistentchildrenare

B.usefulinpredictingpeoplewhomightstruggleacademically

C.strongercomparedtootherfactorsinbehaviouralsciences

D.stronglycorrelatedtochildren'sacademicachievements

二、七選五

Timetomakelemonadeoutoflife'slemons

Whenyouhaveanunexpectedlockdownstaringatyou,takeitonedayatatime.

Insteadofgettingboggeddownbythethought,takeeachofthosedaysasan

opportunitytobuildnewskills,explorehobbiesanddothingsyou'vealways

wantedto.11.

1.Giveyourhouseamakeover

12?Withalockdowninfullprogress,thismaybeagoodtimetogiveyour

homeafreshnewlook.Changethecurtains,moveyourtables,chairsandsofas

aroundthehousetotryoutnewcombinations.Besidesburninggoodcalories,this

activitycouldhelpyouhittheresetbuttonandletyouescapetheboredomofsame-

old.

213Thereareatleasthalfadozenpeople,atanygivenpointoftimethat

youneedtocallback.Anelderlyaunt,thatslightlytouchyfriend,oryourformer

colleague一youreallymeanttocallthemback,but...youknowhowitis.Thisisa

goodtimetofindouthowyourfriendsandfamilyaredoing.Spreadthewarmthand

staybonded.

3.Findthebookworminyou

Thisisano-brainertobehonest.Besidesbeingagreatentertainer,thiscanbea

greatuseofyourme-time,simplybecauseyouwillenhanceyourknowledgeof

people,society,historyandculture.14.

4.Trydigitalhousekeeping

Yourhomemaybetidyandinorder,butyourdigitallifeisamess:photosalloutof

place,themusicfromgod-knows-when,oldtextfilesthatneedtobecleanedup.

15.Mostimportantly,youneedtochangeyourpasswordsandkeepthemsafe.

A.Beasocialbutterfly一onthephone

B.Hereisalistofideasforyoutoexplore

C.Also,researchsuggeststhatreadingkeepsyousmarter

D.Usedtothecommonsettingofyourroutineworkplace

E.Therefore,youaresupposedtofinishthefollowingthings

F.Nottomentionasystembackupandanupdateofyouroperatingsystem

G.Tiredofseeingthesameoldseating/diningarrangements,dayin,dayout

三、完形填空

Onesummernightinaseasidecottage,asmallboywasinbed,soundasleep.

Suddenly,hefelthimselffrombedandcarriedinhisfather*sarmson

tothebeach.Overheadwastheclearstarrysky."Watch!”Ashisfatherspoke,

,oneofthestarsmoved.Itacrosstheskylikeagoldenfire.

Andbeforetheofthiscouldfade,anotherstarleaptfromitsplace,then

another...

“Whatisit?"thechildaskedin.

"Shootingstars.TheyeveryyearonacertainnightinAugust."

Thatwasall:justanencounterofsomethingmagicandbeautiful.But,

backinbed,thechildstaredintothedark,withmindfullofthefallingstars.

Iwastheseven-year-oldboywhosefatherbelievedthatanew

experiencemoreforasmallboythananunbrokennight'ssleep.

Thatnight,myfatheropenedadoorforhischild,leadinghimintoanareaof

splendid.Childrenarenaturallycurious,buttheyneedsomeoneto

them.Thisartofaddingnewdimensionstoachild*sworlddoesn*t

requireagreatdealoftime.Itsimplydoingthingsmore

oftenwithchildreninsteadofforthemortothem.Goodparentsknowthis:Themost

preciousgifttheycangiveachildistosparktheirflameofThatnightis

stilldeeplyinmymemory.Nextyear,whenAugustcomeswithits

shootingstars,mysonwillbeseven.

16.A.hiddenB.robbedC.liftedD.kicked

17.A.incrediblyB.accidentallyC.apparentlyD.actually

18.A.explodedB-circledC.spreadD.flashed

19.A.successB.wonderC.exhibitionD.discovery

20.A.amazementB.horrorC.reliefD.delight

21.A.blowupB.turnupC.showoffD.giveout

22.A.uncomfortableB.unbearableC.undetectedD.unexpected

23.A.curiousB.determinedC.fortunateD.chosen

24.A.workedB.matteredC.deservedD.proved

25.A.newnessB-emptinessC.freedomD.innovation

26.A.protectB.challengeC.guideD.believe

27.A.absolutelyB.basicallyC.possiblyD.necessarily

28.A.involvesB.risksC.admitsD.resists

29.A.hopeB?curiosityC.faithD.wisdom

30.A.trappedB.setC.lostD.rooted

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Whenitseemedthatsocialnetworkscouldnolongersuipriseus,Chinagavebirth

to31newapplication,TikTok.Itisasocialnetworkin32youcancreate

andsharefunmusicvideoswithyourfriendsandfollowers.

TikTok33(release)inSeptember2016byJinriToutiao.Withpeopleofall

ageslovingitin2019,theshort-formvideoappisbecoming34(rapid)popular

aroundthecountry.

Inordertousetheapplication,wewillneedtocreateauseraccount,aprocessthat

willonlytakeafew35(second).OnTikTokthekeyisthemusicvideos.When

36(create)yourmusicvideos,youwillbeabletochoosefromhundredsofsongs.

37_additiontobeingabletochoosethemostpopularsongsofthemoment,users

haveasimplevideoeditortomaketheirvideosmore38(surprise).TikTok

aimstoprovidevideoeditingserviceformobileusers,soalloperationsonthisapp

areeasyandclear39(master).

CreatingvideoswithTikTok40(be)fun.Besides,wecan“l(fā)ike”anyother

users'video,leavecomments,shareitwithfriends,andsoon.

五、其他應(yīng)用文

41.假定你是高三學(xué)生李華，你的英國好友Jim在做關(guān)于“中學(xué)生做家務(wù)”的

調(diào)查，想了解你做家務(wù)的情況。請你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.你平時做哪些家務(wù)；

2.你對做家務(wù)的看法。

注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

六、讀后續(xù)寫

42.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整

的短文。

ChuckandhiselderbrotherPeterlivedwiththeirdadKyleandtheirgrandfather

Stan.Oneevening,ChuckandPeteraskedtheirgrandfatheraboutthenumberone

activityonhisbucketlist（人生愿