大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷72（共240題）

大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷72（共9套）（共240題）大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、仔細閱讀(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Historianscantracethefoundationsofplasticsurgeryasfarbackasabout2,600yearsagotoancientIndiawherefacialsurgerywerecarriedout.ThetechniqueswererecordedintheearlyHindutextsandwereusedprimarilyonsoldiersinjuredduringconflict.Thebirthofcosmeticreconstructivesurgerytrulyoccurredmanyhundredsofyearslater,andoverthepasttenyearsplasticsurgeryhasbecomeverypopularwithmoreandmorepeoplerefusingtogrowoldgracefully.Itishowevernotlimitedtoyoungwomenconsideringthefacteatingdisordersareontheriseamongyoungmen;menandwomenalikeareinterestedincosmeticsurgeryanditevengainspopularityinmainstreamculture.Itseemsthatnolongerarepeoplejudgedontheirabilitiesalonebutontheirappearance,andmoreandmoreofpeoplearechoosingtogoundertheknifeinanefforttoshapethemselvesintoanobjectiveandarbitraryidealbeauty.The"image"ofbeautyportrayedbythemediaisusuallyrelatedtotheobjectives,young,veryslim,andmostoftenwhite.Havingabodyweightof15%belownormalforone'sheight,ageandweightisconsideredideal.Inotherwordspeopleshouldbeanorexictomeetthemedia'simageofbeauty.Themessageisthatonlytheirimposedimageofbeautyisacceptable,andthosewhoarelarger,shorter,thicker,orbrownerarenot.Thisidealimageandweight,however,isunattainablefor99%ofwomen.Ironically,mostimagesofmodelsappearingonmagazineshavebeenairbrushedtoperfectiontoattainthat"perfect"imageofbeauty.Sadly,formanypeople,thequestforbeautyhasturnedintoanall-outobsession.Unsurprisingly,thenewfoundobsessionisaconvenientmarketingtoolbecause99%ofthefemalepopulationisnotsatisfiedwiththeirappearanceandthereforewillbemorelikelytobuyslimming,cosmeticsorturntoplasticsurgery.Thedietingindustrymakesanincredible$33billionayear.Theindustryusesmediatokeeppeoplethinkingthattheyshouldmaintaintheslenderorevenskinnyshape.Thisimageofbeautyissimplyunattainableandthedesireforitwillneverbemetsothedemandfortheindustrywillneverdecrease.Andtheveryindustriesthatprofitfromfuelinginadequacy,afeelingofnotbeinggoodenough,willcontinuetoprosper.1、Plasticsurgerywasmainlyprovidedfor______atfirst.A、kingsB、queensC、injuredsoldiersD、historians標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)題。題干問，整形手術早期主要用于誰身上。原文第一段最后一句，“ThetechniqueswererecordedintheearlyHindutextsandwereusedprimarilyonsoldiersinjuredduringconflict．”早期的印度課本里記錄了這項技術，并且它主要應用在戰(zhàn)爭中受傷的軍人身上。所以，正確答案是C。選項A與B未在文中出現(xiàn)；選項D。為干擾項，出現(xiàn)在開頭，但歷史學家認為此技術可以追溯到2600年前，而不是應用在他們身上。2、Theword"mainstream"(Line5,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto______.A、dominatedB、worldwideC、standardD、maternal標準答案：A知識點解析：語義題。單詞所在原句為“itevengainspopularityinmainstreamculture．”詞意可以通過聯(lián)系下文推斷出，緊接的一句解釋到，人們不再以能力而是以長相來評價一個人。大多數(shù)人都這樣認為，可知是在主流文化中也流行?；蛘吒鶕?jù)構詞法，main(主要的)+stream(溪流)，合成詞為“主流”。主流文化即占主導的文化，所以正確答案是A．“主導的”。選項D，maternal為“母系”的意思。3、Whatistheidealimageofbeautyintheperspectiveofthemassmediaaccordingtothepassage?A、Tall,strongandwhite.B、Elegant,healthyandwhite.C、Short,thickandbrown.D、Young,slimandwhite.標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞“idealimage”，定位于原文第三段第一句，“Theimageofbeautyportrayedbythemediaisusuallyrelatedtotheadjectives，young，veryslim，andmostoftenwhite．”明確指出，大眾媒體描繪的美女形象是，年輕、很苗條、白凈。所以，正確答案是D。選項B為干擾項，優(yōu)雅與健康常常是生活中大家的看法．但并沒有在文中提及。4、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheidealimageofbeautyportrayedbymedia?A、Positive.B、Neutral.C、Notclear.D、Negative.標準答案：D知識點解析：態(tài)度題。作者對媒體描繪的理想美女形象持什么態(tài)度?第三段第三句，“Inotherwordspeopleshouldbeanorexictomeetthemedia’simageofbeauty．”意為，也就是說想要達到媒體宣傳的美的形象，人們要得厭食癥。其次，該段最后一句用詞。ironically“具有諷刺意味的是”。從這兩處可判斷作者持反對態(tài)度。5、Whythemassmediaportrayedtheidealimageinsuchwayaccordingtothepassage?A、Becausethemassmediaareexpectedtosatisfyaudiences.B、Becauseitmotivatesfemalestopursue"thebest"sothatbusinessmencouldmakemoneyfromtheindustry.C、Becauseitgiveswomenmoreconfidenceinthemselves.D、Becausethequestforbeautyliesineveryone’sheart.標準答案：B知識點解析：細節(jié)題。題干意為，大眾媒體為什么將美女形象刻畫成這樣?根據(jù)原文最后一段．“Thisimageofbeautyissimplyunattainableandthedesireforitwillneverbemetsothedemandfortheindustrywillneverdecrease．Andtheveryindustriesthatprofitfromfuelinginadequacy，afeelingofnotbeinggoodenough，willcontinuetoprosper．”意思是．這種美的形象很難達到，所以對美的要求也永遠無法達到。這樣通過利用不滿足感，產業(yè)會持續(xù)興隆?？芍?，正確答案是B。GeneticEngineeringisaradicalandrapidlydevelopingtechnologythattouchesourlivesthroughitsapplicationinmedicine,forensics,industryandagriculture.ThroughthissciencehumansarefastinbecomingthearchitectsoflifebuttherearethosewhowarnagainsttheunknowndangersofplayingGodwhileothersseeitsbenefitsinourfightagainstdiseaseandtheproductionofabundantfoodsupplies.Inthepast50years,plantandanimalproductionhasincreaseddramatically.Today,thehumanpopulationisthelargestithaseverbeenandfortunatelyweproducemorefoodpercapitathaneverbefore.Despitethefactthatwehaveenoughfoodforeverysinglehumanbeingtohaveanadequatediet,about1billionpeoplestillsufferfrommalnutritionandhunger.Alotoftheincreaseinfoodproductionisattributedtoefficientfarmingmethodsandenvironmentalfactorssuchasirrigation,pestandweedcontrolbutthelargestcontributingfactorismodernplantandanimalbreeding.SowhatareGMfoodsandwhataretheconcernsfortheconsumer?ThemaindifferencebetweenGMfoodsandtraditionalbreedingmethodsisthedirectmodificationormanipulationofcertaingenes.Traditionalmethodsinvolvemixingthousandsofgeneswhereasgeneticmodificationallowsjustoneindividualgene,orasmallnumberofgenes,tobeinsertedintoaplant,oranimal.ThebenefitsofGMfoodsareenormous.Geneticmodificationcanbeusedtogivecropsimmunitytoplantvirusesortoimprovethenutritionalvalueofaplant.Inanimalsintendedforfood,geneticmodificationcouldpotentiallyincreasehowfastandhowbigtheygrow.Starvationonanypartoftheplanetcouldbeathingofthepastaswecouldcontroltheyield,varietiesandsizeoffoodsandproducestrainsthatareresistanttopests,areextremeintemperatureandaretoleranttoherbicides.OpponentsofGMfoodshoweverconsidertheirproductiontobetheworld'sbiggestuncontrolledbiologicalexperiment,adisasterwaitingtohappen.Thebiggestconcernsaretheeffectsthatanuncontrolledgeneticallymodifiedspeciescouldpotentiallyhaveonhumanandanimalhealth,agriculture,andontheenvironmentasawhole.Geneticallymodifiedspecieshavethepotentialtobecomebiologicalpollutantsthatarefarworsethanchemicalpollutantsastheywouldbevirtuallyimpossibletocontrolsincetheyarealive,migrateandcouldmutateproducingevenmoredangerousoffspring.Thiscouldleadtoirreversibledamagetotheecologyoftheplanet.6、Theauthordefinesgeneticengineeringas______.A、abrandnewtechnologythatwillshapeourplanetB、anupdatedtechnologythatmerelybenefithumanbeingsC、adangeroustechnologythatshouldbefunctionedinthelaboratoryD、anewandemergingtechnologythathashadaneffectonmanyaspectsofourlives標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)題。原文第一段第一句話明確表明，“GeneticEngineeringisaradicalandrapidlydevelopingtechnologythattouchesourlivesthroughitsapplicationinmedicine，forensics，industryandagriculture．”即對應選項D，基因工程是一項新出現(xiàn)的技術．它對我們生活的方方面面產生影響。7、Whatisthemostsignificantelementfortheincreaseinfoodproduction?A、Modernplantandanimalbreeding.B、Efficientfarmingmethods.C、Environmentalfactors.D、Newirrigationsystem.標準答案：A知識點解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)關鍵詞“increaseinfoodproduction”定位于第二段最后一句，“Alotoftheincreaseinfoodproductionisattributedto…butthelargestcontributingfactorismodernplantandanimalbreeding．”糧食增產歸功于高效的耕作方式和一些環(huán)境因素，但最重要的是現(xiàn)代動植物品種的繁殖，所以，正確答案是A。選項B、C為干擾項，都是原因，但不是主要的因素。8、WhatisthemaindifferencebetweenGeneticEngineeringandtraditionallybredfoods?A、Thedifferenceliesinthemethodsandthenumberofgenes.B、Theyhavedifferentsizeandcolor.C、Traditionalmethodsarenotattractedbyconsumers.D、GeneticEngineeringismoreefficient.標準答案：A知識點解析：細節(jié)題。原文第四段第二句與第三句，明確指出傳統(tǒng)繁殖和轉基因食品的差異在于對特定遺傳因子的直接改良或操作。傳統(tǒng)的方法將數(shù)千種遺傳因子混在一起．而遺傳改良則把一個或少量的遺傳因子注入體內?？芍獞xA，在方法和基因的數(shù)量上有差別。9、Whydoestheauthorclaimthatstarvationcouldbeathingofthepastinparagraph4?A、BecauseGMisimmunetoplantviruses.B、Thetemperaturecanbemodifiedbyscientists.C、Scientistswillbeabletocontrolthesize,varietyandimmunityofcropsandanimals.D、Peopleareeasilyaccessibletofoodnowadays.標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)題。原文第四段最后一句，明確指出“Starvationonanypartoftheplanet…andaretoleranttoherbicides．”由于可以控制食品的生產量、變種、規(guī)格等，生產出抗蟲性強，耐溫性強、耐除草劑的物種，饑餓便不復存在了。選項C與原文大意相符。10、WhatisthemainoppositiontotheproductionofGMfoods?A、Chemicalpollutantsaremoredangerous.B、Thepotentialofproducingharmfuloffspringcouldnotbecontrolled.C、GMfoodsarenotproperlytested.D、Thereleaseoflargerspeciesintotheenvironment.標準答案：B知識點解析：細節(jié)題。題干問，反對轉基因食品的主要理由是?文章第五段，“theywouldbevirtuallyimpossibletocontrol…”，很難去控制轉基因中的有害物質，所以，正確答案是B。Therecent,apparentlysuccessfulpredictionbymathematicalmodelsofanappearanceofEINino—thewarmoceancurrentthatperiodicallydevelopsalongthePacificcoastofSouthAmerica—hasexcitedresearchers.JacobBjerknespointedoutover20yearsagohowwindsmightcreateeitherabnormallywarmorabnormallycoldwaterintheeasternequatorialPacific.Nonetheless,untilthedevelopmentofthemodelsnoonecouldexplainwhyconditionsshouldregularlyshiftfromonetotheother,ashappensintheperiodicoscillationsbetweenappearancesofthewarmEINinoandthecoldso-calledanti-ElNino.Theanswer,atleastifthecurrentmodelthatlinksthebehavioroftheoceantothatoftheatmosphereiscorrect,istobefoundintheocean.IthaslongbeenknownthatduringanElNino,twoconditionsexist:unusuallywarmwaterextendsalongtheeasternPacific,principallyalongthecoastsofEcuadorandPeru,andwindsblowfromthewestintothewarmerairrisingoverthewarmwaterintheeast.Thesewindstendtocreateafeedbackmechanismbydrivingthewarmersurfacewaterintoa"pile"thatblocksthenormalupwellingofdeeper,coldwaterintheeastandfurtherwarmstheeasternwater,thusstrengtheningthewindstillmore.ThecontributionofthemodelistoshowthatthewindsofanElNino,whichraisesealevelinthecast,simultaneouslysendasignaltothewestloweringsealevel.Accordingtothemodel,thatsignalisgeneratedasanegativeRossbywave,awaveofdepressed,ornegative,sealevel,matmoveswestwardparalleltotheequatorat25to85kilometersperday.TakingmonthstotraversethePacific,RossbywavesmarchtothewesternboundaryofthePacificbasin,whichismodeledasasmoothwallbutinrealityconsistsofquiteirregularislandchains,suchas,thePhilippinesandIndonesia.Whenthewavesmeetthewesternboundary,theyarereflected,andthemodelpredictsthatRossbywaveswillbebrokenintonumerouscoastalKelvinwavescarryingthesamenegativesea-levelsignal.Theseeventuallyshoottowardtheequator,andthenheadeastwardalongtheequatorpropelledbytherotationoftheEarthataspeedofabout250kilometersperday.WhenenoughKelvinwavesofsufficientamplitudearrivefromthewesternPacific,theirnegativesea-levelsignalovercomesthefeedbackmechanismtendingtoraisethesealevel,andtheybegintodrivethesystemintotheoppositecoldmode.Thisproducesagradualshiftinwinds,onethatwilleventuallysendpositivesea-levelRossbywaveswestward,wavesthatwilleventuallyreturnascoldcycle-endingpositiveKelvinwaves,beginninganotherwarmingcycle.11、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraph?A、Amodelisdescribedanditsvalueassessed.B、Aresultisreportedanditsimportanceexplained.C、Aphenomenonisnotedanditssignificancedebated.D、Ahypothesisisintroducedandcontraryevidencepresented.標準答案：B知識點解析：推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的整體結構Therecent，apparentlySuccessfulprediction．．．hasexcitedresearchers．．．Nonetheless．untilthedevelopmentofthemodelsnoonecouldexplainwhy…分析．該段首先介紹了數(shù)學模式對厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生進行了成功的預測，這次預測鼓舞了研究人員。而這些數(shù)學模式發(fā)展出來之前．沒有人能夠解釋為什么這些狀況發(fā)生期間出現(xiàn)周期性的變化。由這些分析可推知該段的邏輯順序是先報道了一個結果，然后解釋了它的重要性，和B選項表達一致。12、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingfeaturesischaracteristicofanElNino?A、ColdcoastalwaternearPeru.B、Windblowingfromthewest.C、Randomoccurrence.D、Worldwideeffects.標準答案：B知識點解析：細節(jié)題。聯(lián)系第二段段首對厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的解釋IthaslongbeenknownthatduringanElNino，twoconditionsexist：unusuallywarmwaterextendsalongtheeasternPacific，principallyalongthecoastsofEcuadorandPeru，andwindsblowfromthewestintothewarmerairrisingoverthewarmwaterintheeast．“人們早就知道，在厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象發(fā)生期間，存在兩種現(xiàn)象——一是異常的暖流沿著太平洋東海岸延伸。尤其是沿著厄瓜多爾和秘魯?shù)暮０堆由欤菑奈鞣絹淼募撅L吹進在東方暖流中產生的更暖的空氣中?！笨芍x項B中windsblowingfromthewest“從西方來的季風”是厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的一種特征，所以答案選B。13、Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostseriouslyunderminethevalidityofthemodelElNinothatispresentedinthepassage?A、ElNinoextendsmuchfartheralongthecoastsofEcuadorandPeruduringsomeyears.B、TherisingofcoldwaterintheeasternPacificdependsonthelocalcharacters.C、ThevariationsinthetimeforRossbywavestocrossthePacificrelyonthewindpower.D、ThePacificirregularwesterncoasthindersmostKelvinwavesfromheadingeastward.標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句即花費數(shù)月時間穿越太平洋后，“羅斯比波波浪”來到太平洋盆地的西部邊緣——該盆地被模擬成平坦的屏障，但實際上包含很不規(guī)則的島嶼群?？芍?，該模式依據(jù)的是太平洋盆地的西部邊緣是平坦的。而如果不是這樣，則該模式就不正確。通讀答案，D選項內容太平洋不規(guī)律規(guī)則的西部海岸阻礙了大多數(shù)開氏波浪流向東部和原文表述一致，所以答案選D。14、Accordingtothemodelpresentedinthepassage,whichofthefollowingnormallysignalsthedisappearanceofanElNino?A、ThearrivalintheeasternPacificofnegativesea-levelKelvinwaves.B、Ashiftinthedirectionofthewindsproducedbyananti-ElNino.C、ThereflectionofKelvinwavesreachingtheeasternborderofthePacific.D、AnincreaseinthespeedatwhichnegativeRossbywavescrossthePacific.標準答案：A知識點解析：推斷題。聯(lián)系原文第二、三段內容，第二段介紹了厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象存在的兩種現(xiàn)象——異常的暖流沿著太平洋東海岸延伸和從西方來的季風吹進在東方暖流中產生的更暖的空氣中。第三段指出．如果從西部來的“開氏波浪”達到足夠的量．它們就會克服提升海平面的反饋機制，促使該機制變成相反的寒冷模式，進而導致季風的逐漸轉變。最終促使“羅斯比波浪”向西流動．寒冷的“開氏波浪”結束循環(huán)返回。開始另一個暖流循環(huán)。這說明，“開氏波浪”的返回就預示著厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的結束。和選項A的表述一致。15、Theprimarypurposeofthetextasawholeisto______.A、introduceanewexplanationofphysicalphenomenonB、explainthedifferencebetweentwonaturalphenomenaC、illustratethelimitsofapplyingmathematicstocomplexproblemsD、clarifythedistinctionbetweenanoldexplanationandanewmodel標準答案：A知識點解析：主旨題?；仡櫲?。第一段提到了利用數(shù)學模式對厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生進行的預測，接著介紹了該模式的重要性，第二、三段具體介紹了該模式的觀點。這說明，本文主要是在介紹對厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的一種新解釋。所以答案選A。Aidedbytherecentabilitytoanalyzesamplesofairtrappedinglaciers,scientistsnowhaveaclearerideaoftherelationshipbetweenatmosphericcompositionandglobaltemperaturechangingoverthepast160,000years.Inparticular,determinationofatmosphericcompositionduringperiodsofglacialexpansionandretreat(coolingandwarming)ispossibleusingdatafromthe2,000meterVostokicecoredrilledinAntarctica.Thetechniqueinvolvedissimilartothatusedinanalyzingcoresofmarinesediments,wheretheratioofthetwocommonisotopesofoxygen,180and160,accuratelyreflectspasttemperaturechanges.IsotopicanalysisofoxygenintheVostokcoresuggestsmeanglobaltemperaturefluctuationsofupto10degreescentigradeoverthepast160,000years.DatafromtheVostokcorealsoindicatethattheamountofcarbondioxidehasfluctuatedwithtemperatureoverthesameperiod:thehigherthetemperature,thehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideandthelowerthetemperature,thelowertheconcentration.Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation,itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling.Thecorrelationofcarbondioxidewithtemperature,ofcourse,doesnotestablishwhetherchangesinatmosphericcompositioncausingthewarmingandcoolingtrendsorwerecausedbythem.ThecorrelationbetweencarbondioxideandtemperaturethroughouttheVostokrecordisconsistentandpredictable.Theabsolutetemperaturechanges,however,arefrom5to14timesgreaterthanwouldbeexpectedonthebasisofcarbondioxide'sownabilitytoabsorbinfraredradiation,orradiantheat.Thisreactionsuggeststhat,quiteasidefromchangesinheat-trappinggases,commonlyknownasgreenhousegases,certainpositivefeedbacksarealsoamplifyingthetemperaturechange.Suchfeedbacksmightinvolveiceonlandandsea,clouds,orwatervapor,whichalsoabsorbradiantheat.OtherdatafromtheVostokcoreshowthatmethanegasalsocorrelatescloselywithtemperatureandcarbondioxide.Themethaneconcentrationnearlydoubled,forexample,betweenthepeakofthepenultimateglacialperiodandthefollowinginterglacialperiod.Withinthepresentinterglacialperiodithasmorethandoubledinjustthepast300yearsandisrisingrapidly.Althoughtheconcentrationofatmosphericmethaneismorethantwoordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatofcarbondioxide,itcannotbeignored:theradiativepropertiesofmethanemakeit20timesmoreeffective,moleculeformolecule,thancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.Onthebasisofasimulationmodelthatclimatologicalresearchershavedeveloped,methaneappearstohavebeenabout25percentasimportantascarbondioxideinthewarmingthattookplaceduringthemostrecentglacialretreat8,000to10,000yearsago.16、Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.A、interpretdataB、explainresearchmethodologyC、evaluateaconclusionD、suggestanewtechnique標準答案：A知識點解析：主旨題。根據(jù)文章第一、二、四段的首句Aidedbytherecentabilitytoanalyzesamplesofairtrappedinglaciers，scientistsnowhaveacleareridea…，DatafromtheVostolkcorealsoindicatethat…．OtherdatafromtheVostokcoreshowthat…可以把握文章的主要目的是科學家通過對困在冰川中的空氣樣品進行分析．對大氣構成與全球氣溫變化之間的關系進行解釋說明。簡而言之，就是“解釋數(shù)據(jù)”，和A選項表達一致。17、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestherelationshipbetweencarbondioxideandglobaltemperature?A、Carbondioxidelevelschangeimmediatelyinresponsetochangesintemperature.B、Carbondioxidelevelscorrelatewithglobaltemperatureduringcoolingperiodsonly.C、Duringcoolingperiods,carbondioxidelevelsinitiallyremainhighandthendecline.D、Carbondioxidelevelsincreasemorequicklythanglobaltemperaturedoes.標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)“therelationshipbetweencarbondioxideandglobaltemperature”定位到文章第二段。Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation，itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling．“盡管在冰川消退期，二氧化碳含量的變化緊隨著氣溫的變化，但在降溫期，二氧化碳含量的變化顯然滯后于氣溫?！闭f明降溫期二氧化碳含量先升后降，比氣溫下降慢一步，和選項C表述一致，所以C為正確答案。同時也排除了A“二氧化碳對氣溫變化做出的反應是迅速的”和B“二氧化碳含量僅在降溫期和氣溫有關”。D“二氧化碳比氣溫升得更快”屬于無中生有。所以答案選C。18、Theauthormentions"certainpositivefeedbacks"(Line6,Para.3)inordertoindicatethat______.A、increasedconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmosphereisresponsibleforglobaltemperatureincreaseB、someclimatesimulationmodelshaveproducedusefulinformationC、greenhousegasesalonedonotaccountforglobaltemperatureincreaseD、variablesthatbenefitlifearecausingglobaltemperaturetoincrease標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段Thisreactionsuggeststhat，quiteasidefromchangesinheat—trappinggases，commonlyknownasgreenhousegases，certainpositivefeedbacksarealsoamplifyingthetemperaturechange．Suchfeedbacksmightinvolveiceonlandandsea，clouds，orwatervapor，whichalsoabsorbradiantheat．“這種關系表明，除了捕熱氣體(即通常所稱為的溫室氣體)以外，某些正反饋也會擴大溫度變化。此類反饋可能涉及陸地上和海洋中的冰、云或水蒸氣，它們也都會吸收輻射熱?！笨芍粌H僅是溫室氣體導致了溫度升高．某些正反饋也是原因之一。C選項和原文表述一致。所以答案選C。19、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmethaneistrue?A、Methaneisfoundinmarinesediments.B、Methaneismoreeffectivethancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.C、TheEarth’satmospherenowcontainsmorethantwiceasmuchmethaneasitdoescarbondioxide.D、ThehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmosphere,thelowertheconcentrationofmethane.標準答案：B知識點解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)“methane”定位到第四段。根據(jù)Althoughtheconcentrationofatmosphericmethaneismorethantwoordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatofcarbondioxide，itcannotbeignored：theradiativepropertiesofmethanemakeit20timesmoreeffective，moleculeformolecule，thancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat．“盡管大氣甲烷的含量要比二氧化碳的含量低兩個多數(shù)量級，但它仍不能被忽視：就分子與分子相對比，甲烷的輻射特性使其在吸收輻射熱這方面，要比二氧化碳強出20倍?！闭f明甲烷在吸收輻射熱這方面比二氧化碳有效。和選項B的表述一致，所以答案是B。A“甲烷是在海洋沉積物中發(fā)現(xiàn)的”原文沒有提及．C是對原文“甲烷的含量幾乎翻了一倍。在目前的間冰期范圍內，它在過去短短的300年就已經(jīng)增加了兩倍多，并正在迅速增長”的誤解，D“二氧化碳含量越高，甲烷含量越低”也沒有提及。20、ThepassagesuggeststhatwhenthemethaneconcentrationintheEarth’satmospheredecreases,whichofthefollowingalsohappens?A、Glaciersmeltfaster.B、Theconcentrationofcarbondioxideincreases.C、Carbondioxideabsorbsmoreradiantbeat.D、Theglobaltemperaturedecreases.標準答案：D知識點解析：推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的最后一個例子“從氣候學研究者所建立的某個模擬模型來看，在8000至10000年之前的最近一次冰川稍退期間發(fā)生的升溫過程中，甲烷似乎發(fā)揮了相等于二氧化碳25％的重要作用。”可知溫度升高，甲烷含量升高，二者關系是正相關。那么如果甲烷含量下降，溫度應該會降低．所以答案選D。大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、仔細閱讀(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoiceweshouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationliveinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowsissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother.Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarefromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There'slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsafeelingofisolation,andconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecentreofthings;andthatlifedoesn'tcometoanendathalfpastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe"quietlife"byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.1、Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A、Largecitiesaredirtyandnoisy.B、Ajobisveryimportantfor"me".C、Manycitypeopleprefervillagetocity.D、Villagesaretidyandpeaceful.標準答案：C知識點解析：主旨題。文章開頭講到，“許多市民說，給他們一個機會他們寧愿住在鄉(xiāng)下．遠離骯臟而又嘈雜的大城市”，接著講到作者自己也這樣認為，因此，第一段主要內容是與城市相比。很多市民更喜歡鄉(xiāng)下。C項符合題意。2、Accordingtotheauthor,whyarecitiesfrightening?A、Becausethepressureofworkmaymakepeoplesuffer.B、Becausemanyblocksincityaredirty,noisyandimpersonal.C、Becauseit’shardtofindagoodjobincity.D、Becauselivinginacityisnotsafe.標準答案：B知識點解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的“citiesfrightening”可定位至第二段前兩句“Citiescanbefrighteningplaces．Themajorityofthepopulationliveinmassivetowerblocks，noisy，dirtyandimpersonal．”由此可知，作者認為城市可怕是因為城市嘈雜、骯臟而又沒有人情味。其它選項內容文章均未提到。3、Whichofthefollowingisnotthedisadvantageofcountrylife?A、Itisinconvenienttobuysomething.B、Villagerscan’tenjoytheexcitingevents.C、Villagershavelittleopportunitytoseeafilm.D、Therearemanyfriendsaroundeachvillager.標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的“thedisadvantageofcountrylife”可定位至第三段，第三段提到“itisalsotruethatyouarefromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities．There’slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie．Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem”，A、B、C三項均符合文意，根據(jù)第三段第四句“Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage，itisalsotruethat…”可知，生活在大幫朋友間并非缺點。4、Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthispassagemean?A、Citypeoplewanttochangecountrylife.B、Citypeoplewanttocombinetheadvantagesofcityandvillage.C、Villagesdon’twelcomecitypeople.D、Citypeopledon’tconcernthefeelingofvillagers.標準答案：B知識點解析：推斷題。文章最后一句意為“他們被有關改善和改變的奇怪思想影響了，而這些思想是他們強加給村里不愿改變的原始居民的?！蔽恼伦詈笠欢沃v到，鄉(xiāng)村生活和城市生活各有優(yōu)點，有些人在鄉(xiāng)下和城市間找到了折中的辦法，也就是將兩種優(yōu)點結合起來，而將城市的優(yōu)點帶到鄉(xiāng)下，對于村民來說是強加于他們身上的。故此句意味著市民想要將城市的優(yōu)點和鄉(xiāng)村的優(yōu)點結合起來，B項符合。5、Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe______.A、CountryLifeHasManyAdvantagesB、CityPeoplePreferVillagetoCityC、CountryLifeandCityLifeD、CityLifeisBetterThanCountryLife標準答案：C知識點解析：主旨題。本文將城市生活和鄉(xiāng)村生活進行了對比，二者各有優(yōu)缺點，城市骯臟、嘈雜、沒有人情味，但每個人都是世界的中心，而鄉(xiāng)村生活雖然安靜、人情味濃郁，但購物不便，也無法享受大城市的一些激動人心的重要的活動。選項中，C項“鄉(xiāng)村與城市生活”最能概述文章大意，故選擇C。Massivechangesinalloftheworld'sdeeplycherishedsportinghabitsareunderway.Whetherit'soneofLondon'sparksfullofpeopleplayingsoftball,andRussianstakinguprugby,ortheSuperbowlrivallingtheFootballCupfinalasatelevisedspectatoreventinBritain,thepatternsofplayersandspectatorsarechangingbeyondrecognition.Wearewitnessaglobalizationofoursportingculture.Thatannualbicyclerace,theTourdeFrance,muchlovedbytheFrenchisagoodcaseinpoint.JustafewyearsbackitwasastrictlycontinentalaffairwithFranceBelgiumandHolland,SpainandItalytakingpart.ButinrecentyearsithasbeendominatedbyColombianmountainclimbers,andAmeri