山東省濱州市高三上學(xué)期期末英語試題含解析

試卷類型：A高三英語試題2024.1注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATripadvisorRecohashundredsoftopTripDesignersacrosstheglobereadytoplanandbookyourperfecttrip.SatisfactionguaranteedWeareconfidentthatyou’llloveyourexperienceplanningwithaTripDesigner.Ifnot,letusknowandwe’llworkwithyoutomakeitright.paredtotraditionaltravelagenciesordoingitallyourself,Recomakesyourtripseasyandcosteffective.RecoTravelagencyDoityourselfTravelindustryprofessional??Highlypersonalizeditinerary(行程)?×?Algorithmic(算法)matching?×Localexpertise?×Nohiddenfees?×MeetafewofourTripDesignersMauricioE(CostaRica)Luxury,beach,localculture,parks&greenspaces,animalencounters,mustseeattraction,etc.ManlioG(Spain,Portugal)History,localculture,wine,localcuisine,luxury,beach,mustseeattraction,etc.SusanC(Morocco,Egypt,Turkey)Localcuisine,accessibility,luxury,localculture,history,sustainabletravel,seniors,wine,etc.FromTravelers“Sietra&JeremyhelpedusdeterminewhereinTheCaribbeanweshouldgoforourhoneymoon.Theywereresponsiveandansweredallourquestions.”—Kiana,TheCaribbean,September2023“Vasilistookourrequestsandtransformedthemintoa5starvacation.HewasveryknowledgeableabouteverythinginGreece.”—Sharon,Greece,October20231.WhatisanadvantageofRecooverothers?A.Localexpertknowledge. B.Professionalteams.C.Thelowestprice. D.Afreemathcourse.2.Ifyouwantecofriendlytravelling,youcanchooseA.MauricioE. B.ManlioG. C.SusanC. D.Vasilis.3.Whatisthelastsectionmainlyabout?A.Travelers’unforgettableexperiences.B.Themostfrequentlyaskedquestions.C.Reco’sstepsinmakingcustomplans.D.Customers’positivereviewsofthetrips.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了TripadvisorReco旅行公司的優(yōu)勢?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第一列第五行“Localexpertise(當(dāng)?shù)貙I(yè)知識)”及后兩列中的符號可知，Reco與其他公司相比，擁有當(dāng)?shù)貙I(yè)知識的優(yōu)勢。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)SusanC(Morocco,Egypt,Turkey)下列“Localcuisine,accessibility,luxury,localculture,history,sustainabletravel,seniors,wine,etc.(當(dāng)?shù)孛朗常瑹o障礙，奢華，當(dāng)?shù)匚幕瑲v史，可持續(xù)（不破壞生態(tài)平衡的）旅游，老年人，葡萄酒等。)”可知，如果你想要環(huán)保旅行，可以選擇SusanC。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一部分FromTravelers中“Sietra&JeremyhelpedusdeterminewhereinTheCaribbeanweshouldgoforourhoneymoon.Theywereresponsiveandansweredallourquestions.(Sietra和Jeremy幫我們決定了我們應(yīng)該去加勒比海的哪個地方度蜜月。他們反應(yīng)迅速，回答了我們所有的問題。)”和“Vasilistookourrequestsandtransformedthemintoa5starvacation.HewasveryknowledgeableabouteverythinginGreece.(Vasilis接受了我們的要求，并把它們變成了一個五星級的假期。他對希臘的一切都很了解。)”等可知，這部分講的是顧客對旅行的積極評價。故選D項(xiàng)。BLateonenightinJuly2020inReykjavik,Haraldur(Halli)Thorleifssonwaswanderingaroundthecity’smainshoppingstreetwithhiswifeandtwokids.Duringtheirwalk,histhreeyearoldsonwasthirstyandwantedadrinkfromthecornerstore.ButThorleifssonsoondiscoveredhecouldn'thelpwiththesimplerequest:A20centimetrestepblockedhisaccesstothestore.Thebarrierwasalltoofamiliar.Bornwithmusculardystrophy,whichcausesprogressiveweaknessandlossofmuscle,Thorleifsson,now46,hasbeenusingawheelchairsincehewas25.Ashewaitedoutside,herecalled,“Ithoughtabouthowstrangeitisthatweseparatefamiliesinthisway.IthoughtaboutallthetimesIwasn’tabletojoinmyfriendsatrestaurants,pubsandstoresthatareinaccessible.”LivingallovertheworldasacreativedirectoranddigitaldesignerincitiessuchasSanFranciscoandTokyo,Thorleifssonhadwitnessedfirsthandhowdifferentcitiesconsiderandplanforaccessibility,fromramps(斜坡)andsidewalkstopublictransportation.Havingrecentlysoldhisdigitalcreativeagency,Ueno,toTwitter,Thorleifssonnowhadthefinancialmeanstomakeadifferenceinhishometown.HedecidedtostartwithaprojecttomakeIcelandwheelchairaccessible,onerampatatime.RampUpReykjavikwaslaunchedasanonprofitin2021withagoaltobuild100ramps,mostlyinthecity’sdowntown,withinayear.Unlikeportableandtemporarysolutionsinothercities,theserampsarepermanentstructuresthatmatchtheaestheticofthebuildings,makingthemappearasifthey’vealwaysbeenthere.It’sadesigndetailthathelpsprovideasenseofinclusivity.Withthehelpofgovernmentfundingandothersponsors,theRampUpteamfinishedaheadofscheduleandhasbroadeneditsscopetoallofIceland,withthegoalofbuilding1,500rampscountrywideby2026.4.WhatinspiredThorleifssontobuildtheramps?A.Hisinconvenienceinlife. B.Hischildhoodexperience.C.Arequestfromhiswife. D.Hisdesiretomakeafortune.5.WhatmadeitpossibleforThorleifssontostarttheproject?A.Greatdonationsfromsociety.BMoneyfromsaleofhispany.C.Fullsupportfromthegovernment.D.Awealthofexperienceinmanagement.6.WhatisspecialaboutThorleifsson’sproject?A.Itisnonprofit.B.Ithighlightsthedetails.C.Itfitsinwiththesurroundings.D.Itsolvestheproblemtemporarily.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeThorleifsson?A.Flexibleandthoughtful. B.Modestandconsiderate.C.Selflessandconfident. D.Generousandhelpful.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位名叫Thorleifsson的肌肉萎縮癥患者在冰島發(fā)起RampUpReykjavik項(xiàng)目，為建筑物修建坡道的事跡?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ButThorleifssonsoondiscoveredhecouldn'thelpwiththesimplerequest:A20centimetrestepblockedhisaccesstothestore.(但是Thorleifsson很快發(fā)現(xiàn)他無法滿足這個簡單的要求：一個20厘米的臺階擋住了他進(jìn)入商店的路。)”可知，生活中的不便激發(fā)了他修建坡道的靈感。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Havingrecentlysoldhisdigitalcreativeagency,Ueno,toTwitter,Thorleifssonnowhadthefinancialmeanstomakeadifferenceinhishometown.(Thorleifsson最近將他的數(shù)字創(chuàng)意公司Ueno賣給了Twitter，現(xiàn)在他有了在家鄉(xiāng)有所作為的財力。)”可知，Thorleifsson出售公司所得的錢使他開始這個項(xiàng)目成為可能。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Unlikeportableandtemporarysolutionsinothercities,theserampsarepermanentstructuresthatmatchtheaestheticofthebuildings,makingthemappearasifthey’vealwaysbeenthere.(與其他城市的便攜式和臨時解決方案不同，這些坡道是與建筑美學(xué)相匹配的永久性結(jié)構(gòu)，使它們看起來好像一直都在那里。)”可知，Thorleifsson的項(xiàng)目特殊之處在于與周圍環(huán)境融為一體。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“RampUpReykjavikwaslaunchedasanonprofitin2021withagoaltobuild100ramps,mostlyinthecity'sdowntown,withinayear.(雷克雅未克RampUp于2021年作為非營利組織啟動，目標(biāo)是在一年內(nèi)建造100個坡道，坡道主要在市中心。)”和最后一段中“Withthehelpofgovernmentfundingandothersponsors,theRampUpteamfinishedaheadofscheduleandhasbroadeneditsscopetoallofIceland,withthegoalofbuilding1,500rampscountrywideby2026.(在政府資金和其他贊助商的幫助下，RampUp團(tuán)隊(duì)提前完成了計劃，并將其范圍擴(kuò)大到整個冰島，目標(biāo)是到2026年在全國范圍內(nèi)建造1500個坡道。)”等內(nèi)容可知，Thorleifsson是個慷慨大方、樂于助人的人。故選D項(xiàng)。CNirEyalwaspartofateamofStanfordMBAsandalsooneofthebrightestinvestorsinSiliconValley.Hedocumentedhisexperiences,readingandobservationsofhundredsofpaniestoknowhowmindmanipulation(操縱)worked—howproductschangeouractions,andcreatedesires.TheresultofhisresearchistheHookModel.Atriggeristheactuatorofbehavior.Triggerseintwotypes:externalandinternal.Habitformingproductsstartbyalertinguserswithexternaltriggerslikeanemail,awebsitelink,ortheappicon.Forexample,supposeBarbra,ayoungwomaninPennsylvania,happenstoseeaphotoinherFacebooktakenbyafamilymemberfromaruralpartofthestate.It’salovelypictureandsincesheisplanningatripthere,theexternaltrigger’scalltoactionintriguesherandsheclicks.Bycyclingthroughsuccessivehooks,usersbegintoformassociationswithinternaltriggers,whichattachtoexistingbehaviorsandemotions.ThesimpleactiontakesBarbratoawebsitecalledPinterest,a“pinboardstylephotosharing”sitewheresheisdazzledbyotherfascinatingobjectsrelatedtowhatsheisgenerallyinterestedin—namelythingstoseeonherupingtrip.Variablerewardsareoneofthemostpowerfultoolspaniesimplementtohookusers.Researchshowsthatlevelsofthedopamine(多巴胺)risewhenthebrainisexpectingareward.Wantingrewardscreatesafocusedstate,whichsuppressestheareasofthebrainassociatedwithjudgmentandreasonwhileactivatingthepartsassociatedwithwantinganddesire.WhenBarbralandsonPinterest,she’sspendingmoretimehuntingforthenextwonderfulthing.Beforesheknowsit,sheenjoysendlesslyscrollingPinterest,andshebuildsadesiretokeepthethingsthatdelighther.Bycollectingitems,she’llbegivingthesitedataaboutherpreferences.Soonshewillfollowandmakeotherinvestments,whichservetoincreasehertiestothesiteandprepareherforfutureloopsthroughthehook.8.WhatdidEyal’sresearchfocuson?A.Hispersonalexperiences.B.HisfindingsofHookModel.C.Hisobservationsofpanies.D.Hisresearchesonhumanbrain.9.WhatdrivesBarbratoaccessPinterest?A.Thewebsitehasauniquestyle.B.AphotoinherFacebookattractsher.C.Externalandinternaltriggersbothworkonher.D.Thereisalotofinformationaboutherupingtrip.10.Whatisthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Howarewardworks.B.Howthebrainworks.C.Whythelevelsofdopaminerise.D.Whatinfluencesjudgmentandreason.11.HowdidPinteresthookBarbra?A.Bysuggestingoninvestments.B.Byofferingappealingdiscounts.C.Bylearningaboutherpreferences.D.Bymakingworkableplansforherfuture.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了HOOK上癮模型通過觸發(fā)器（Trigger）、行動（Action）、獎勵（Award）、投入（Investment）四個要素使用戶對產(chǎn)品上癮?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheresultofhisresearchistheHookModel.(他的研究成果就是Hook模型)”可知，Eyal的研究重點(diǎn)在于發(fā)現(xiàn)Hook模型。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“It’salovelypictureandsincesheisplanningatripthere,theexternaltrigger’scalltoactionintriguesherandsheclicks.(這是一幅可愛的圖片，因?yàn)樗媱澣ツ抢锫眯校獠坑|發(fā)的行動召喚引起了她的興趣，她點(diǎn)擊了。)”和“Bycyclingthroughsuccessivehooks,usersbegintoformassociationswithinternaltriggers,whichattachtoexistingbehaviorsandemotions.(通過循環(huán)使用連續(xù)的用戶感興趣的內(nèi)容，用戶開始與內(nèi)部觸發(fā)器形成聯(lián)系，這些觸發(fā)器附加到現(xiàn)有的行為和情感上。)”可知，外部和內(nèi)部觸發(fā)器都驅(qū)動Barbra訪問Pinterest。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Researchshowsthatlevelsofthedopamine(多巴胺)risewhenthebrainisexpectingareward.Wantingrewardscreatesafocusedstate,whichsuppressestheareasofthebrainassociatedwithjudgmentandreasonwhileactivatingthepartsassociatedwithwantinganddesire.(研究表明，當(dāng)大腦期待獎勵時，多巴胺的水平會上升。想要獎勵會產(chǎn)生一種專注的狀態(tài)，這種狀態(tài)會抑制大腦中與判斷和推理相關(guān)的區(qū)域，同時激活與想要和欲望相關(guān)的部分。)”可知，第四段主要講述獎勵是如何奏效的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Bycollectingitems,she’llbegivingthesitedataaboutherpreferences.Soonshewillfollowandmakeotherinvestments,whichservetoincreasehertiestothesiteandprepareherforfutureloopsthroughthehook.(通過收集物品，她將向網(wǎng)站提供有關(guān)她偏好的數(shù)據(jù)。很快，她將跟隨并進(jìn)行其他投資，這有助于增加她與該網(wǎng)站的聯(lián)系，并為她未來的循環(huán)做準(zhǔn)備。)”可知，Pinterest通過了解Barbra的喜好來吸引她。故選C項(xiàng)。DBirdsdoit.Peopledoit.Owlsdoitinthedaytime.EvenCaenorhabditiselegans,aprimitiveroundwormmadeupofafewthousandcells,doessomethingthatlooksanawfullotlikeit.Sleepisanancient,universalexperience.Butpartlybecauseitissomonplace,foralongtimesleepwasasubjectthatscientistshadnotwokenupto.Itisonlyinthepasthalfcenturyorsothatithasattractedtheattentionofdedicatedresearchers.AnewbookfromKennethMiller,asciencejournalist,setsouttoelaboratethefield’sshortbutfascinatinghistory.ThebookisorganizedaroundthelifeandhardworkofascientistnamedNathanielKleitmanwhosetupapioneeringsleepresearchprogrammeattheUniversityofChicago.Theearlypagesofthebook,beforethereismuchinthewayofestablishedsciencetodescribe,aretheweakest.AgooddealoftimeisspentonbiographicaldetailsandpenportraitsoftheworldthroughwhichKleitmanmoved.Butthestorysoonpicksup.Itrangesfromthediscoveryofrapideyemovement(REM)sleepandcircadianrhythms—thebiologicalclocksthatgovernhumanity’sdays—totheeffectsofsleepdeprivation(whichcanbefatal,atleastinlabanimals).Italsoprobesthepurpose,ifany,ofdreams.Underlyingitallisasenseofpsychology'sslowmaturingasascience.Newtechnologiessuchaselectroencephalographs,whichmonitorelectricalactivityinthebrain,haveofferedpractitionerstheabilitytostudybrainsdirectly,ratherthantryingtoinferwhattheyaredoingfromthebehaviouroftheirowners.Discoveriesoftenleadtonewquestionsinturn.Thatiswhyneat,tidyendingsarehardtoachieveinsciencebooks;thisoneisnodifference.Despitealltheprogressofthepast50years,scientistsarestillunsurewhatsleepisfor.Foranyonecuriousaboutaskingtherightquestions,however,Mr.Miller’sbookisagoodplacetostart.12.Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Settingupapioneerprogramme.B.Introducingthecontributionofascientist.C.Attractingtheattentionofotherresearchers.D.Recordingthedevelopmentofsleepresearch.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“picksup”inparagraph3mean?A.Recovers. B.Refreshes. C.Improves. D.Accelerates.14.Whatispresentedinthebook?A.Portraitsoftheauthor. B.Sleeppatternsanddreams.C.Thehistoryofpsychology. D.Theimportanceofthebrain.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsMiller’sbook?A.Favorable. B.Disapproving. C.Doubtful. D.Ambiguous.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章通過Miller的書介紹了睡眠的研究進(jìn)展?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butpartlybecauseitissomonplace,foralongtimesleepwasasubjectthatscientistshadnotwokenupto.Itisonlyinthepasthalfcenturyorsothatithasattractedtheattentionofdedicatedresearchers.AnewbookfromKennethMiller,asciencejournalist,setsouttoelaboratethefield’sshortbutfascinatinghistory.(但部分原因是睡眠太常見了，很長一段時間以來，睡眠一直是科學(xué)家們沒有意識到的課題。只是在過去的半個世紀(jì)左右，它才引起了專門研究人員的注意?？茖W(xué)記者KennethMiller的新書詳細(xì)介紹了該領(lǐng)域短暫而迷人的歷史。)”可知，這本書的目的是記錄睡眠研究的進(jìn)展。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句前文“Theearlypagesofthebook,beforethereismuchinthewayofestablishedsciencetodescribe,aretheweakest.(這本書的前幾頁是最薄弱的，因?yàn)橹斑€沒有太多既定科學(xué)的描述。)”和后文“Itrangesfromthediscoveryofrapideyemovement(REM)sleepandcircadianrhythms—thebiologicalclocksthatgovernhumanity’sdays—totheeffectsofsleepdeprivation(whichcanbefatal,atleastinlabanimals).(它的范圍從發(fā)現(xiàn)快速眼動(REM)睡眠和晝夜節(jié)律(控制人類日子的生物鐘)到睡眠剝奪的影響(至少對實(shí)驗(yàn)室動物來說是致命的)。)”說明這本書的前幾頁是最薄弱的，但是后文卻有很大提升，從而推知劃線詞句“Butthestorysoonpicksup.(但故事很快就picksup。)”其中劃線短語意思是“提升”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itrangesfromthediscoveryofrapideyemovement(REM)sleepandcircadianrhythms—thebiologicalclocksthatgovernhumanity’sdays—totheeffectsofsleepdeprivation(whichcanbefatal,atleastinlabanimals).Italsoprobesthepurpose,ifany,ofdreams.(它的范圍從發(fā)現(xiàn)快速眼動(REM)睡眠和晝夜節(jié)律(控制人類日子的生物鐘)到睡眠剝奪的影響(至少對實(shí)驗(yàn)室動物來說是致命的)。它還探討了夢的目的，如果有的話。)”可知，書中介紹了睡眠模式和夢。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Foranyonecuriousaboutaskingtherightquestions,however,Mr.Miller’sbookisagoodplacetostart.(然而，對于那些想問出正確問題的人來說，Miller先生的書是一個很好的起點(diǎn)。)”可知，作者對Miller的書持贊成的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WillExercisingWithAColdMakeYouSicker?Whetheryou’readiehardexercisedevoteeorjustbeginningtogetintoworkout,youmayworrythatingdownwithacoldcoulddisturbyourtrainingroutine____16____Researchershavelookedintothisproblemandhaveconcludedthatamildcolddoesnotalwayshavetopreventyou.Butthereareseveralkeywarningstokeepinmind.Dothe“neckcheck”.Beforeyoustartyourworkoutgear,assessyoursymptomscarefully.Themostpopularadviceistodowhat’sreferredtoastheneckcheck,whereifsymptomsareabovetheneck,exerciseisprobablysafe____17____If,however,youdohavesymptomsbelowtheneck,suchasahackingcough,chestdisfort,nausea,diarrheaorbodywidesymptomslikefever,muscleachesorfatigue,thenit’snotagoodideatoexercise.Monitoryoursymptoms.____18____Whatmightbeginasarunnynosecouldlaterbeesomethingmoreserious,likebronchitisortheflu.Proceedwithcaution,keeptabsonhowyou’refeelingandskiptheworkoutifyoustarttofeelworse.There’sthismyththatyoucansweatoutavirus,butthatisaterriblethingtodo.Ifyou’renotfeelingwell,heavyexercisecanexacerbateyoursymptomsandincreaseyourriskforplications.____19____.Ifyou’reconfidentthatyourcoldsymptomsaremanageableandyoustillfeelupforexercising,moderateintensitycardiovascular(心血管)exercisefor30to45minutesasession.Abrisk30minutewalkoutsideoralowimpactworkoutonastationarybikewouldbeagoodoption.____20____A.Sticktomoderateworkouts.B.Improveyourimmuneresponse.C.Keepinmindthatsymptomscanevolve.D.Couldaworkoutactuallydoyousomegood?E.Doesyourrunnynosemeanskippingyourexercisesession?F.However,ifyoufeellightheadedoranypainwhileexercising,consideryourcuetoquit.G.Ifyouronlysymptomsarenasalcongestion(鼻塞)andalowgradeheadache,alightworkoutisOK.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了感冒時鍛煉需要注意的事項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】上文“Whetheryou’readiehardexercisedevoteeorjustbeginningtogetintoworkout,youmayworrythatingdownwithacoldcoulddisturbyourtrainingroutine.(無論你是一個鐵桿運(yùn)動愛好者，還是剛開始鍛煉，你都可能擔(dān)心感冒會干擾你的訓(xùn)練)”說明大多數(shù)人會認(rèn)為感冒會影響體育鍛煉?？仗幊猩蠁⑾隆項(xiàng)中的“yourrunnynosemeanskippingyourexercisesession”和上文中的“worrythatingdownwithacoldcoulddisturbyourtrainingroutine”相呼應(yīng)，下文中的thisproblem指的就是E項(xiàng)中所提出的問題，這個問題是“流鼻涕時是不是意味著不參加運(yùn)動？”。故選E?！?7題詳解】上文“Themostpopularadviceistodowhat’sreferredtoastheneckcheck,whereifsymptomsareabovetheneck,exerciseisprobablysafe.(最流行的建議是做所謂的頸部檢查，如果癥狀在頸部以上，運(yùn)動可能是安全的)”說明如果感冒的癥狀在頸部以上，運(yùn)動可能是安全的。空處順接上文，具體說明頸部以上的癥狀有哪些。G項(xiàng)中的“symptomsarenasalcongestion(鼻塞)andalowgradeheadache”和上文的“symptomsareabovetheneck”相呼應(yīng)，說明如果你唯一的癥狀是鼻塞和輕度頭痛，那么輕度鍛煉是可以的。故選G。【18題詳解】標(biāo)題“Monitoryoursymptoms.(監(jiān)測你的癥狀)”以及下文“Whatmightbeginasarunnynosecouldlaterbeesomethingmoreserious,likebronchitisortheflu.(最初可能是流鼻涕，后來可能會變得更嚴(yán)重，比如支氣管炎或流感)”說明感冒隨時可能變嚴(yán)重，所以要時刻監(jiān)測你的癥狀。C項(xiàng)“請記住，癥狀可能會演變。”符合語境，既呼應(yīng)了主題，也引出了下文。故選C。【19題詳解】下文“Ifyou’reconfidentthatyourcoldsymptomsaremanageableandyoustillfeelupforexercising,moderateintensitycardiovascular(心血管)exercisefor30to45minutesasession.Abrisk30minutewalkoutsideoralowimpactworkoutonastationarybikewouldbeagoodoption.(如果你確信你的感冒癥狀是可控的，并且你仍然覺得可以鍛煉，那么每次進(jìn)行30到45分鐘的中等強(qiáng)度心血管鍛煉。在戶外輕快地散步30分鐘或騎著固定自行車進(jìn)行低沖擊的鍛煉都是一個不錯的選擇)”說明本段主要講述了如果感冒癥狀可控，可以采用合適強(qiáng)度的鍛煉方式。A項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)持適度的鍛煉。”適合作本段的主旨句。故選A。【20題詳解】上文“Abrisk30minutewalkoutsideoralowimpactworkoutonastationarybikewouldbeagoodoption.(在戶外輕快地散步30分鐘或騎著固定自行車進(jìn)行低沖擊的鍛煉都是一個不錯的選擇)”說明如果感冒癥狀可控，可以采用合適強(qiáng)度的鍛煉方式。F項(xiàng)中的However和前文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明不管是什么強(qiáng)度的運(yùn)動，一旦出現(xiàn)不適的癥狀，都要停止。F項(xiàng)“然而，如果你在鍛煉時感到頭暈或疼痛，請考慮退出?！狈险Z境。故選F。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TheruralgirlfromIndia,Anjali,wasbornblind.However,shehasalwaysbeendeterminedtoliveafulland____21____lifeAlthoughpoor,herparents____22____tosendhertoalocalblindschool,whereshecouldlearntoreadandwriteinBrailleAtfirst,Anjaliwasscaredand____23____.Shedidn'tknowanyone,andshefeltlikeshedidn’tbelonghere____24____,shemetherteacher,MrsGupta,akindandpatientwoman,whooftenencouragedAnjalito____25____herdreams.WithMrsGupta’shelp,shequickly____26____inherstudiesandmademanynewfriends.Additionally,sheparticipatedinextracurricularactivities,suchasdramaandmusic.Oneday,Anjaliwas____27____toauditionforaroleinaschoolplay.Shewasnervous,butshepracticedher____28____forhoursaday,andshefinallyfeltreadytoaudition.Attheaudition,Anjaligaveapowerful____29____.Shedeliveredherlineswithconfidenceandemotionsoshe____30____theattentionoftheentireaudience.Finally,shewas____31____theleadroleintheplay.Theplaywasasuccess,andAnjalibecameastar.Aftertheplay,Anjaliwasinvitedtospeakatalocalconferenceon____32____.Shespokeaboutherexperiencesasablindgirlandinspiredotherstonevergiveupontheirdreams.Shefinallyfoundher____33____,andshewasreadytoshareitwiththeworld.Anjaliisnowanactressanda____34____speaker.Shetravelstheworld,sharingherstorywithothers.Sheisashiningexampleofthepowerof____35____andperseverance.21.A.luxury B.independent C.simple D.conventional22A.declined B.hesitated C.managed D.attempted23.A.lonely B.friendly C.lively D.ugly24.A.Hopefully B.Obviously C.Currently D.Thankfully25.A.turnto B.lookto C.taketo D.stickto26.A.stoodout B.setout C.heldout D.cameout27.A.spotted B.selected C.assessed D.employed28.A.songs B.gestures C.lines D.looks29.A.performance B.conclusion C.fulfillment D.passion30.A.distracted B.captured C.rejected D.boosted31.A.served B.credited C.awarded D.assumed32.A.petition B.disability C.qualification D.responsibility33.A.attitude B.lifestyle C.voice D.association34.A.motivational B.humorous C.genuine D.sincere35.A.ambition B.creativity C.honesty D.determination【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.D26.A27.B28.C29.A30.B31.C32.B33.C34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Anjali一出生就是盲人，但是她沒有放棄自己，在父母的支持下她在盲人學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)，在這里她遇到了Gupta老師，老師鼓勵她堅(jiān)持自己的夢想，最終Anjali堅(jiān)持追逐自己的夢想，成為了一名演員和勵志演說家?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但她始終立志要過充實(shí)獨(dú)立的生活。A.luxury奢侈的；B.independent獨(dú)立的；C.simple簡單的；D.conventional傳統(tǒng)的。上文“TheruralgirlfromIndia,Anjali,wasbornblind”提到Anjali出生時就看不見東西，由however可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，但是她立志要過充實(shí)簡單的生活，故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管很窮，她的父母還是設(shè)法將她送到當(dāng)?shù)氐拿と藢W(xué)校，在那里她可以學(xué)習(xí)盲文讀寫。A.declined拒絕；B.hesitated猶豫；C.managed設(shè)法做到；D.attempted試圖。managetodosth.固定搭配，意為“設(shè)法做某事”，由上文“Althoughpoor,”和下文“tosendhertoalocalblindschool,whereshecouldlearntoreadandwriteinBraille”可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，雖然她家里很窮，但是她父母還設(shè)法送她到當(dāng)?shù)孛と藢W(xué)校，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始，Anjali感到害怕和孤獨(dú)。A.lonely孤獨(dú)的；B.friendly友好的；C.lively活潑的；D.ugly丑陋的。由下文“Shedidn’tknowanyone”可在，在盲人學(xué)校她不認(rèn)識任何人，所以感到很孤單，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，她遇到了她的老師Gupta夫人，一個善良而有耐心的女人，她經(jīng)常鼓勵A(yù)njali堅(jiān)持自己的夢想。A.Hopefully有希望地；B.Obviously顯然地；C.Currently目前；D.Thankfully感恩地；幸虧。由下文“shemetherteacher,MrsGupta,akindandpatientwoman,whooftenencouragedAnjalito____5____herdreams.”可知，Gupta夫人是一個善良而有耐心的女人，她經(jīng)常鼓勵A(yù)njali堅(jiān)持自己的夢想，由此可知，幸虧，Anjali遇到Gupta夫人，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，她遇到了她的老師Gupta夫人，一個善良而有耐心的女人，她經(jīng)常鼓勵A(yù)njali堅(jiān)持自己的夢想。A.turnto求助于；B.lookto尋求；C.taketo開始從事；D.stickto堅(jiān)持。由上文“whooftenencouragedAnjalito”可知，Gupta夫人經(jīng)常鼓勵A(yù)njali堅(jiān)持自己的夢想，故選D。【26題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在Gupta夫人的幫助下，她很快在學(xué)業(yè)上脫穎而出，結(jié)交了許多新朋友。A.stoodout突出，脫穎而出；B.setout出發(fā)；C.heldout堅(jiān)持；D.cameout出來。由上文“WithMrsGupta’shelp”可知，在Gupta夫人的幫助下，她很快在學(xué)業(yè)上脫穎而出。故選A。27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，Anjali被選中去試鏡學(xué)校戲劇中的一個角色。A.spotted認(rèn)出；B.selected挑選；C.assessed評價；D.employed利用。由下文“toauditionforaroleinaschoolplay.”和“shepracticed”可知，Anjali被選中去試鏡學(xué)校話劇中的一個角色。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她很緊張，但是她每天都要練習(xí)幾個小時的臺詞，最后她覺得自己已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好面試了。A.songs歌曲；B.gestures姿勢；C.lines線；臺詞；D.looks容貌。上文“Oneday,Anjaliwas___7____toauditionforaroleinaschoolplay.”提到Anjali被選中去試鏡學(xué)校話劇中的一個角色可知，她應(yīng)該是練習(xí)臺詞，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在海選中，Anjali的表演很有感染力。A.performance表演；B.conclusion總結(jié)；C.fulfillment成就；D.passion激情。由下文“Shedeliveredherlineswithconfidenceandemotion”可知，她充滿自信和情感地表達(dá)了她的臺詞，這說明她的表演很有感染力，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的臺詞充滿自信和情感，吸引了全場觀眾的注意力。A.distracted使分心；B.captured捕獲，吸引；C.rejected拒絕；D.boosted增加。由上文“Shedeliveredherlineswithconfidenceandemotion”可知，她充滿自信和情感地說出了她的臺詞，由此可知，這吸引了全場觀眾的注意，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，她獲得了該劇的女主角。A.served服務(wù)；B.credited信任；C.awarded授予；D.assumed假設(shè)。由下文“Theplaywasasuccess,andAnjalibecameastar”可知，她出演了話劇，由此可知，她獲得了該劇的女主角，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：演出結(jié)束后，Anjali受邀在當(dāng)?shù)貧埣踩藭h上發(fā)表演講。A.petition競爭；B.disability殘疾；C.qualification資格；D.responsibility責(zé)任。由下文“Shespokeaboutherexperiencesasablindgirlandinspiredotherstonevergiveupontheirdreams”可知，她發(fā)表了演講，講述了自己作為一個盲人女孩的經(jīng)歷，并鼓勵其他人永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄自己的夢想，由此可推知，她作為殘疾人，應(yīng)該是受邀在當(dāng)?shù)貧埣踩藭h上發(fā)表演講，故選B。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她終于找到了自己的聲音，并準(zhǔn)備與世界分享。A.attitude態(tài)度；B.lifestyle生活方式；C.voice聲音；D.association協(xié)會。由下文“Anjaliisnowanactressanda___14____speaker.”可知，她成為了一名演說家，這說明她通過聲音實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢想，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Anjali現(xiàn)在是一名演員和勵志演說家。A.motivational動機(jī)的；勵志的；B.humorous幽默的；C.genuine真的；真誠的；D.sincere真誠的。由下文“Shetravelstheworld,sharingherstorywithothers.”可知，她去世界各地分享自己的故事，這說明她是一個勵志的演說家，故選A。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她是決心和毅力力量的光輝典范。A.ambition雄心；B.creativity創(chuàng)造力；C.honesty真誠；D.determination決心。由下文“andperseverance.”可知，Anjali雖然是一個盲人，但是她不放棄追逐自己的夢想，這說明她很有決心和毅力，故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inrecentyears,Chinesecraftsmanshiphasenjoyedarenewedinterestfromglobalaudiences.Thisisdueinpart____36____thegrowingpopularityofChinesecultureandthe____37____(increase)wealthofmiddleclassconsumers.OneofthemostpopularformsofChinesecraftsmanship____38____(be)porcelain(瓷器).Porcelainisatypeofceramic____39____ismadefromamixtureofclayandkaolin,atypeofwhiteclay.Chineseporcelainhasbeenprizedforcenturiesforitsbeautyanddurability.Itwasonceusedas____40____statussymbolintheChineseimperialcourt.AnotherpopularformofChinesecraftsmanshipisjade(玉)carving.Jade____41____(use)inChinaforthousandsofyearsforjewelry,sculptures,andotherdecorativeobjects.Jadecarvingisahighlyskilledcraftthatrequiresagreatdealof_____42_____(patient)andprecision.Craftsmenuseavarietyoftools____43____(carve)jade,includingchisels,saws,anddrills.TheintricatedesignsofjadecarvingsoftenreflectChinesecultureandsymbolism.Forexample,thedragonisapopularmotifinChinesejadecarving,often____44____(see)asasymbolofpowerandgoodluck.ChinesecraftsmanshipisavaluablepartofChineseculture.ItisatestamenttotheskillandcreativityofChinesecraftsmen,_____45_____itcontinuestoinspireandamazepeoplearoundtheworld.【答案】36.to37.increasing38.is39.that##which40.a41.hasbeenused42.patience43.tocarve44.seen45.and【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章說明全球觀眾對中國工藝重新產(chǎn)生了興趣，并介紹了中國最受歡迎的工藝品——陶瓷和玉雕?！?6題詳解】考查介詞。句意：這在一定程度上是由于中國文化的日益普及和中產(chǎn)階級消費(fèi)者的財富增加。dueto“由于”是固定搭配，dueinpartto意為“一定程度上由于，部分原因是”。故填to。【37題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：同上。此處形容詞作定語修飾名詞，increasing意為“越來越多的，漸增的”，符合題意。故填increasing?！?8題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：瓷器是中國最受歡迎的工藝品之一。此處描述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語OneofthemostpopularformsofChinesecraftsmanship是單數(shù)，主謂一致，故填is?！?9題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：瓷器是一種由粘土和高嶺土(一種白色粘土)混合制成的陶瓷制品。此處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞為ceramic，指代事物，在從句中用作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。40題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：它曾被用作中國宮廷地位的象征。名詞短語statussymbol是單數(shù)泛指概念，應(yīng)用不定冠詞限定，status

是以輔音音素開頭，故填a。【41題詳解】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在中國，玉石用于珠寶、雕塑和其他裝飾品已有數(shù)千年的歷史。