九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)u(píng)nit5知識(shí)要點(diǎn)

1、九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)u(píng)nit5 what are the shirts made of?一、 語(yǔ)法 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(一)、什么是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?英語(yǔ)中時(shí)態(tài)很多，但語(yǔ)態(tài)不多，只有兩種，即：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。所謂“被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)”，相當(dāng)于中文中常說(shuō)的“被”、“由”的句式，如：“他的自行車(chē)被偷了。”，“這座樓房是由他們建造的?！?二)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)那么，英語(yǔ)中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是怎么樣構(gòu)成的呢?請(qǐng)看下面的例句(注意劃線部分)：his bicycle was stolen.the building has been built for 20 years.通過(guò)上面的例句，可以看出，“被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)”的構(gòu)成是：be + 過(guò)去分詞 + (by

2、+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者)(三)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的運(yùn)用什么情況下要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢?一般地說(shuō)，有下面幾種情況：1、不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或沒(méi)有必要。例如： paper is made from wood. (紙是由木材生產(chǎn)出來(lái)的。) the house is quite old. it was built in 1950. (這座房子太舊了。它是1950年建成的。) he was wounded in the fight. (他在戰(zhàn)斗在受傷了。) this book was published in 1981.這本書(shū)出版于1981年。2、 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象時(shí)。例如： calculator cant be used

3、 in the maths exam.(計(jì)算器不能用于數(shù)學(xué)考試。) books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. (閱覽室的書(shū)籍和報(bào)紙不準(zhǔn)帶走。)the window was broken by mike.窗戶是邁克打破的。 this book was written by him.這本書(shū)是他寫(xiě)的。 (四)、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)舉例一般地講，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可用于英語(yǔ)的各種時(shí)態(tài)。為了能準(zhǔn)確地運(yùn)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，重點(diǎn)是要掌握be動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)變化。各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)舉例如下：1、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài). am / is / are

4、+ 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 our classroom is cleaned every day. this car is made in china.2、一般過(guò)去式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): was / were + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 his desk was cleaned just now. the station was built in 1928.3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): am / is / are + being + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 a new factory is being built in our city now. some trees are being cut down in the par

5、k.4、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): was / were + being + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 a new factory was being built in our city at that time. some babies were being looked after by miss chen at this time last year.5、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): (a) will / shall + be + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 (b) am / is / are + going to be +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞. some new factories will be built in our

6、 city this year. your watch is going to be mended in an hour.6、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): (1).would / should + be + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 (2).was / were +going to be +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞. she said that some new factories would be built soon in our city. he thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.7、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):have / has

7、 + been + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 some new factories have been built in the city since last year. your watch has been mended already.8、過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):had + been + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 he said that some new factories had been built in the city. i didnt know that my watch had been mended .9、含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式：can/may/must + be +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 he can

8、 not be found. / i must be paid for this.(五)、如何將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (1)把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。 (2)把謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(be過(guò)去分詞) (根據(jù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子里的主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來(lái)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定be的形式)。 (3)把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by之后作賓語(yǔ)，將主格改為賓格。例如： all the people laughed at him. he was laughed at by all people. they make the bikes in the factory. the bikes are ma

9、de by them in the factory.（六）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊情況：1、復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 如果一個(gè)動(dòng)詞后帶的是復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)）時(shí)，若需變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其方法是：把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，而賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)仍留在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后，作為主要的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：they chose tom captain. 他們選tom為隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。tom was chosen captain.湯姆被選為隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。i found him lying on the ground.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他躺在地板上。he was found lying on the ground.他被發(fā)現(xiàn)躺在地板上。注意：在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，由于動(dòng)詞s

10、ee、hear 、watch 、notice、make、feel等動(dòng)詞后，動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不帶to。但改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，要加上to。如：people saw him enter the building.人們看見(jiàn)他進(jìn)入大樓。（see/watch/hear/make sb. do sth.）he was seen to enter the building.他被看見(jiàn)走進(jìn)大樓。（be made / seen / heard / watched / noticed to do sth.被迫 / 被看見(jiàn) / 被聽(tīng)見(jiàn) / 被觀看 /被注意 做某事）（使役感官真奇怪，to去to來(lái)令人猜，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)t

11、o離開(kāi)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)to回來(lái)。）2、雙賓語(yǔ)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：如果一個(gè)動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語(yǔ)，在變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，可將其中的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，另一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)不動(dòng)。但通常是將間接賓語(yǔ)（指人）變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)。如：he gave me a book yesterday.昨天他給了我一本書(shū)。i was given a book by him yesterday.昨天由他給了我一本書(shū)。若把直接賓語(yǔ)（指物）改為主語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)在間接賓語(yǔ)前加介詞to或for。a book was given to me by him yesterday.昨天一本書(shū)由他給了我。按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，在bring、give、lend、pass、sell、show、tell等動(dòng)詞

12、后通常用to；在buy、choose、find、get、teach、sing、make等動(dòng)詞后用for引出間接賓語(yǔ)。 i bought her a dictionary.a dictionary was bought for her.（雙賓語(yǔ)，很奇特，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩個(gè)，用人簡(jiǎn)單用物難，難在人前to, for添）二、課文知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：1、what are the shirts made of?這些襯衫是用什么做的？ be made of“由制造的/制作的”（后接原材料，強(qiáng)調(diào)物理變化，能看出原材料） the desk is made of wood.課桌是用木材做的。 the bridge is mad

13、e of stone.這座橋是用石頭砌的。 注意區(qū)別： be made from“由制造的/制作的”（后接原材料，強(qiáng)調(diào)化學(xué)變化，看不出原材料）paper is made from wood.紙是用木材造的。the wine is made from wheat.這種酒是用小麥造的。 be made by sb.“被制作/制造”（后接人，強(qiáng)調(diào)制作人是誰(shuí)） the chair was made by an old carpenter.那把椅子是一位老木匠做的。 be made in “在制作/制造”（后接地點(diǎn)或場(chǎng)所，強(qiáng)調(diào)物品的產(chǎn)地） this car is made in shanghai.這輛車(chē)

14、由上海制造。 be made into “被制作成/制造成”（后接成品，強(qiáng)調(diào)被制作成什么成品） some of the trees will be made into paper.一些樹(shù)將被制作成紙。2、glass “玻璃”，“玻璃杯”，“眼鏡” glass作“玻璃”講時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示數(shù)量時(shí)用“a piece of” three pieces of window glass were broken because of strong wind.由于大風(fēng)，三塊窗玻璃打碎了。 glass作“玻璃杯”，“眼鏡”講時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)形式glasses i could really

15、 want a large glass of beer.我真想要一大杯啤酒。 i used to drink three glasses of cold water in the morning.我以前早上常喝三杯冷水。 i need glasses when i watch television.我看電視時(shí)需戴眼鏡。3、grass and leaves 草和葉 leaf “葉，葉子”，可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)形式leaves巧記以f、fe結(jié)尾的名詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)數(shù)樹(shù)葉（leaf）一半（half）自己（self）黃， 妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去收糧， 架（shelf）后竄出一只狼（wolf）， 就像

16、強(qiáng)盜（thief）逃命（life）忙。這九個(gè)詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，都是改-f(e)為ve再加-s。由self構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞，其變化與self相同(如： myselfourselves; yourselfyourselves; himself，herself，itselfthemselves)。4、china is famous for tea，right？中國(guó)已茶而聞名，對(duì)嗎？ be famous for“因/由于.而聞名”同義詞組be known for，后接出名的原因，后接賓語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)的所屬內(nèi)容。he is famous for his great inventions. 因?yàn)樗膫ゴ蟀l(fā)明，他出名了。f

17、rance is famous for his fine food and wine. 法國(guó)的美食和酒是出了名的。the area is famous for its green tea. 這個(gè)地區(qū)以產(chǎn)綠茶而著稱。lu xun was famous for his novels. 魯迅因他的小說(shuō)而出名。 注意與be famous as的區(qū)別：be famous as“以/作為而出名”， 前面的主語(yǔ)和后面的名詞意思一致，后接賓語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)的同位成分。lu xun was famous as a writer. 魯迅是位著名的作家。 hangzhou is famous as a tourist pl

18、ace. 杭州是一個(gè)旅游勝地。 表示“非常出名”時(shí)，常用be very famous for，be well known for5、well，as far as i know，tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. 據(jù)我所知,茶植物是生長(zhǎng)在山的兩側(cè)。 as far as“就”，“據(jù)” as far as i know，hell be away for three months. 據(jù)我所知， 他將外出三個(gè)月。 as far as i know, you are not a quitter. 據(jù)我所知，你不是一個(gè)放棄的人。 as far as

19、 i see，there are no mistakes.依我看來(lái)，沒(méi)有什么錯(cuò)。 on the sides of 在的邊上 is that factory on the side of the river? 那座工廠在河邊嗎？6、when the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing. 當(dāng)葉子成熟了以后，它們就被手工采摘，然后被送去加工。are picked by hand“被手工采摘” by hand “用手” he moved the huge stone by hand.他用手

20、移動(dòng)了那塊大石頭 this handbag is made by hand.這個(gè)手提包純手工制作。 process“加工，處理” the fish are processed by freezing.這種魚(yú)經(jīng)過(guò)了冷凍處理。7、the tea is packed and sent to many different countries and places around china. 茶被包裝起來(lái)，然后被送到中國(guó)周邊的很多不同的國(guó)家和地區(qū)。pack v.“包裝，裝箱”we usually pack shirts in paper bags.我們通常用紙袋包裝襯衣。 please dont for

21、get to pack me a razor.請(qǐng)別忘了給我放一把剃須刀進(jìn)去。 pack n.“包” a pack of一包(盒,箱,袋) he used to smoke a pack of cigarettes a day.他過(guò)去經(jīng)常一天抽一包香煙。8、no matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. 無(wú)論你可能會(huì)買(mǎi)什么，你或許會(huì)認(rèn)為那些產(chǎn)品就產(chǎn)于那些國(guó)家。no matter what 相當(dāng)于whatever “無(wú)論什么”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。no matter wh

22、at / whatever you say, i can not agree with you.無(wú)論你說(shuō)什么，我都不會(huì)贊同。 no matter what happened, he would not say a word. 不管發(fā)生什么情況，他一句話都不肯講。no matter what you do, dont touch this switch. 無(wú)論怎樣，都別碰這個(gè)按鈕。no matter what happens ill stand by you. 不管發(fā)生什么事我都支持你，別怕。she says she11 follow him no matter what he says. 她說(shuō)

23、不論他怎么說(shuō)她都要跟他走。 類(lèi)似no matter what用法的還有： no matter who=no matter whoever無(wú)論誰(shuí) no matter when=no matter whenever無(wú)論什么時(shí)間 no matter where=no matter wherever無(wú)論在哪里 no matter where you go，dont forget your hometown.無(wú)論你去哪里，都不要忘記你的家鄉(xiāng)。 product n.“產(chǎn)品、結(jié)果，產(chǎn)物” they touted their new product around. 他們四處兜售他們的新產(chǎn)品。 the nove

24、l is the product of ten years of labor.這部小說(shuō)是十年努力的產(chǎn)物。9、he realized that americans can hardly avoid buying products made in china. 他意識(shí)到美國(guó)人幾乎不可避免會(huì)買(mǎi)到中國(guó)制造的產(chǎn)品。avoid“避免、回避”， 后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，不能接不定式作賓語(yǔ) he avoided answering my questions. 他避而不答我的問(wèn)題。it was impossible to avoid being affected. 要想不受影響是不可能的。i t

25、hink she is avoiding me. 我想她是在躲著我。try to avoid accidents. 盡量防止發(fā)生事故。i avoided him as much as possible. 我盡量避開(kāi)他。you should avoid such mistakes. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)避免這樣的錯(cuò)誤。10、what language is spoken in germany? 在德國(guó)人們說(shuō)什么語(yǔ)言？ germany n.德國(guó)german n.德國(guó)人；德語(yǔ) adj.德國(guó)的a german speaks german 德國(guó)人說(shuō)德語(yǔ)。注意：詞尾為-man表示某國(guó)人的單詞復(fù)數(shù)形式一般是把man變成m

26、en an englishman two englishmen a frenchman two frenchmen但是german復(fù)數(shù)形式是直接加s a german-two germans11、careless driving causes many traffic accidents.粗心駕駛導(dǎo)致很多交通事故。 traffic 不可數(shù)名詞“交通、路上行駛的車(chē)輛” there is heavy traffic during the rush hours.上下班時(shí)間交通很繁忙。 there is little traffic on this road.這條路上行駛的車(chē)輛很少。12、1. lau

27、ra is trying to find out more about_:勞拉正在試圖找出更多關(guān)于_ find out “查明，弄清”；指經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)查、詢問(wèn)等弄清事實(shí)的真相。the window is broken. try to find out who broke it.窗戶打破了。盡力找出誰(shuí)打破的。find的用法： find found found v尋找 (1) find sb. doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 (2) find it + adj. + to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很 find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難 she fou

28、nd it hard to finish the work by herself.她發(fā)現(xiàn)獨(dú)自完成工作是很難的。find與find out 、look forfind v “發(fā)現(xiàn)”，指發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果 find out “查明，找到”指經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)查、詢問(wèn)等弄清事實(shí)的真相l(xiāng)ook for“尋找”，指找的過(guò)程i looked for my pen everywhere , but i couldnt find it. i havent found out who took it away.13、the international kite festival is held in _every year. 國(guó)際

29、風(fēng)箏節(jié)每年在_ 舉行。 international adj. 國(guó)際的 an international sports star an international organization國(guó)際組織hold ( held, held) 多義詞，“擁有、抓住、拿住；保持、持有；舉行”he always holds a pipe between the teeth.他嘴里總叼著煙斗。to hold someone by the collar抓住某人的衣領(lǐng)you may hold your opinion, but you have to obey orders.你可以保留你的意見(jiàn)，可你必須執(zhí)行命令。t

30、o hold a barrel of red wine存了一桶紅葡萄酒 to hold a meeting 舉行一次會(huì)議14、each different part of china has its own special forms of traditional art. 中國(guó)每個(gè)不同的地方都有各自獨(dú)特的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形。its own 它自己的own n. 自己的adj. 自己的；特有的（常用于所有格代詞后面，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣自己的；屬于自己的）your own 你自己的 their own 他們自己的 his own 他自己的 form n.“形式、類(lèi)型”；“表格” these are two dif

31、ferent forms of the same thing.這是同一種事物的兩種不同形式。 please fill in the form，giving your name，address and business.請(qǐng)?zhí)钜幌逻@張表格，寫(xiě)上你的姓名、地址和職業(yè)。15、the most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty. 最為普通的東西，從紙到陶土再到竹子，都變成了精美的物品。 turn into“把變成”turn the following chinese into en

32、glish將下列漢語(yǔ)譯成英語(yǔ)。the farmers are turning wasteland into ice fields.農(nóng)民正把荒地變成稻田。turn v 旋轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng) turning “路的拐彎處” take the second turning on the left. 在第二個(gè)拐彎處向左拐 turn right/left 向右/左轉(zhuǎn)turn on “打開(kāi)”；指把電器，水龍頭等打開(kāi)。 please turn on the radio.turn off“關(guān)閉”；指關(guān)閉電器、水龍頭等。please remember to turn the light off before leaving

33、 home.turn up/down“調(diào)大/小（音量）” turn in 上交 turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn)16、according to chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by zhuge kongming 根據(jù)中國(guó)歷史，天燈是由諸葛孔明首次使用的。according to “根據(jù)，按照”；to 是介詞，后跟名詞或代詞。 according to an legend根據(jù)一個(gè)神話 according to this article根據(jù)這篇文章 according to the new traffic law, everyone in a c

34、ar must wear the seat belt. 按照新交通法規(guī)，車(chē)內(nèi)每個(gè)人都必須系安全帶。 be used by “被使用”17、he sent them out to ask for help when in trouble .當(dāng)遇到麻煩時(shí)，他放天燈來(lái)尋求幫助。 send out “發(fā)送，派遣，放出”；接代詞時(shí)，放在out前面，名詞時(shí)，放在out前后都可以。 the sun sends out light and heat.太陽(yáng)發(fā)出光和熱。to send out invitations發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)信 sent out information send構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)： send away 趕走

35、 send for 派人去請(qǐng) send off 寄出 send out 分發(fā) send up 發(fā)射 send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送給某人某物 （類(lèi)似的動(dòng)詞有：show (展示， 給看) give (給) lend (借出) offer提供 return 歸還 tell 告訴） ask for help 請(qǐng)求幫助ask for 請(qǐng)求要某物 ask sb. about sth 向某人詢問(wèn)關(guān)于某事 ask sb. for help 向某人請(qǐng)求幫助 ask sb. (not) to do sth請(qǐng)求某人做（不要做）某事 in trouble 處于困境中 in need

36、 急需 in fact 事實(shí)上 in danger. 處于危險(xiǎn)中18、they are made of bamboo and covered with paper. 它們是由竹子制成的，并被紙覆蓋住。 be covered with被.蓋住 in the winter, the mountain is covered white snow.冬季，山被冰雪覆蓋。 cover sth. with sth 用某物覆蓋某物 cover the table with a cloth.19、when the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air l

37、ike small hot-air balloons for all to see.當(dāng)燈籠被點(diǎn)亮的時(shí)候，它們像一個(gè)小氣球一樣慢慢升向天空，讓所有的人都能看見(jiàn)。 light 動(dòng)詞“點(diǎn)燃”；過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞lighted 或lit. lit the candle light其他意義： (1) adj. “明亮的，淺色的”；反義詞dark light green (2) adj. “輕的” = not heavy 反義詞heavy (3) n 燈 turn off the light (4)不可數(shù)名詞 “光” rise (rose; risen) “增加，提高，增強(qiáng)，上升，升起” the sun r

38、ises in the east.太陽(yáng)在東方升起。the population of the city has risen to five million.該市人口已增加到五百萬(wàn)。the waters continue to rise as more than 1,000 people are evacuated.水面持續(xù)上漲，已經(jīng)有1,000多人被疏散了。the price rises .物價(jià)上漲。the river rose by two inches this morning.今天早晨河水上漲了兩英寸。20、the paper, usually red, is folded before

39、 it is cut with scissors.紙通常是紅色的在用剪刀剪之前被折疊起來(lái)。 scissors n “剪刀”常用作復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀 成雙成對(duì)的名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，類(lèi)似的詞還有： jeans 牛仔褲 trousers褲子 shorts 短褲 glasses眼鏡 shoes鞋 “a pair of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與pair的形式一致。 a pair of scissors costs a little, in fact.21、the pieces are usually cute children or liv

40、ely characters from a chinese fairy tale or historical story.陶土作品通常是可愛(ài)的孩子，或是中國(guó)童話故事或歷史故事中生動(dòng)的人物。lively adj.“生氣勃勃的，活潑的、（色彩）鮮艷的” she may be 80，but she，s still lively.她也許有80了，但仍精力充沛。live v 居住alive adj. 活著的 living adj. 有生命的 lively adj. 有生氣的 alive 表示“活著的”可作表語(yǔ)，也可作定語(yǔ)。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)必須后置。 living 表示“活著的有生命的”常作定語(yǔ)lively 表示

41、“活潑的，有生氣的”可用來(lái)修飾人，也可以修飾物，可作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。 who is the lively boy in the picture？照片中那個(gè)活潑的男孩是誰(shuí)？ luckily，the dog is still alive.幸運(yùn)的是，這只狗仍活著。 he is one of the oldest men alive in the world.她是世界上仍健在的最老的人之一。 the river is so dirty that no living things can live in it.河水這么臟，以至于沒(méi)有生物能在里面生存。22、it takes several weeks to

42、complete everything. 完成每件作品需花費(fèi)好幾個(gè)星期。 it takes (sb) + 一段時(shí)間 + to do sth it took him an hour and a half to write the letter.寫(xiě)這封信花費(fèi)了他一個(gè)半小時(shí)。三、常用短語(yǔ)：1、be made of由制作/制造 21、everyday things日用品2、be made from由制作/制造 22、find out查明，弄清3、be made in在制作/制造 23、go on a vacation去度假4、environmental protection環(huán)境保護(hù) 24、paper cutting剪紙5、be famous for以而著名 25、such as例如6、be produced in在生產(chǎn) 26、turninto把變成7、be known for以聞名 27、send out發(fā)出，發(fā)送，放出8、as far as i know據(jù)我所知 28、be cov