江蘇省高考英語考前必背 高考動詞詞組大辨析

1、2015高考動詞詞組大辨析1.cut詞組cut back on-削減-；減少； 縮減， cut back on production 削減產(chǎn)量 cut down 砍倒；削減- cut down on =cut back on削減- cut in 插隊(duì)，插嘴cut off 切斷，中斷（電，煤氣等） cut off the electricity /gas /water sb be cut off from the outside world某人與世隔絕cut up切碎；傷心 cut out停止，裁剪出 ph: cut sth. out of sth. 2. 拓展: “up”短語spring up

2、 突然興起;迅速出現(xiàn)fast food restaurants are springing up all over the citybreak up擊碎破碎粉碎分開分手分散 build up建立eg:build up ones strength增強(qiáng)體質(zhì) bring up撫養(yǎng)長大 clear up打掃干凈天氣放晴 give up放棄 stay up熬夜 look up抬頭看尊敬某人look up to sb 查字典look sth up in a dictionary 4.生意等好轉(zhuǎn) make up_(6)_ hold up舉起搶劫交通堵塞 set up建立 turn up(2)_ pick u

3、p(5)_ keep up保持堅(jiān)持維持 keep up with sth趕上 take up占據(jù)(時(shí)間空間)開始從事拿起3.“break”詞組break down 1機(jī)器等出故障，汽車拋錨；2 談判通訊等中斷； 3身體垮了；4 感情控制不住（哭起來，笑起來）； 5（化學(xué)物等）分解，瓦解break in vi.（強(qiáng)盜等）強(qiáng)行闖入；打岔（無被動） break into vt.破門而入 break out vt.(戰(zhàn)爭，火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā) break away逃跑，擺脫 break away from從-中擺脫 break up擊碎，粉碎，破碎；分手,分散，分離 （書本詞組） break through

4、突破4.“take”詞組take over 接替，接管，接手 ph: 接管某人的職位take over ones positiontake off 起飛；脫衣；開始成名；事業(yè)騰飛(career) take in 吸收；理解；欺騙；把-拿進(jìn)來 take on呈現(xiàn)take on a new look 承擔(dān)take on a responsibility 雇傭take on sb 接納，受歡迎 take up拿起；占據(jù)（時(shí)間，空間）；開始從事于- take after 長得像某人 take to doing sth 開始喜歡做某事；開始-上癮 take sth apart 把某物拆開 take it

5、 easy 放心好了 take ones time 別急，慢慢來 take it seriously 把某事當(dāng)真take advantage of-=make use of- 利用5. time詞組at a time 一次 in no time 立刻（不倒裝） at one time 曾經(jīng) at no time 絕不 （倒裝）at times 有時(shí)候ahead of time 提前for the time being 暫時(shí),目前 = at presentfrom time to time 時(shí)不時(shí)地for the first time 第一次（ 時(shí)間狀語，一個(gè)句子）the first time

6、第一次（連詞，連接兩個(gè)句子）its time for sb. to do sth. its （high） time that sb. did/( should) do sth. this/its the first time that sb has / have done 這是某人第一次做-it was the first time that sb. had done there was a time when - 曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間（定語從句）eg：time is far away when we can get together.6. a +n+to - - 的紀(jì)念碑陣亡軍人的紀(jì)念碑 a mo

7、nument to the soldiers killed in the war類似短語：a solution to -的解決辦法 a key to -的鑰匙、關(guān)鍵an invitation to -的誘因 an answer to -的答案an entrances to -的入口 an introduction to -的介紹/序言an approach to -的方法 an access to -的通道7. run詞組 注意：run可翻譯為褪色（fade）on the run 躲避，忙碌，不停奔波 run over車輛將-碾過 液體溢出run into sb = come across s

8、b= run across sb=meet sb by chance偶遇，碰上run after 追趕-chase after 追逐-run away 逃跑sb. run out of sth. 用光，用完 sth. run out (無被動) sth. give out (無被動)sb. use up sth. sth. be used up run for 競選in the short run 在短期內(nèi) in the long run 從長遠(yuǎn)角度看8. 拓展:“put”詞組 put through 接通電話使經(jīng)歷eg:the operator will put you through eg

9、:ive just put through a business deal. put off推遲 put out撲滅關(guān)（燈）；公布,出版 put down寫下，記下，放下；鎮(zhèn)壓put on穿衣服；增加；上演 put forward提出（建議、計(jì)劃、主意等）/ 撥快鐘表put aside把-放在一邊；儲蓄（金錢） put away把-收拾起來；儲蓄金錢put up張貼a picture支起a tent留宿一晚for a night忍受with sth 5.拿出來出售put up for sale9. turn詞組 turn to轉(zhuǎn)向. ph:向右轉(zhuǎn)/向左轉(zhuǎn) turn (to the) right

10、/left 翻到.ph:翻到第6頁turn to page 6 求助于某人 ph:turn to sb for help拓展 “turn”詞組turn up出現(xiàn);露面 把音量調(diào)高 turn down拒絕 把音量調(diào)低turn on 打開 turn off 關(guān)閉 turn in=hand in 上交turn out結(jié)果是,證明是. it turns out /proves (to be) +n/adj. 無被動 生產(chǎn)出,制造出 turn out cars 傾巢而出turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn)過來 turn away 轉(zhuǎn)身， 攆走turn a blind eye to.對.視而不見turn a deaf

11、 ear to.對.聽而不聞in turn 輪流，轉(zhuǎn)而 he takes exercise every day, which in turn improves his health.10. in +n+of 詞組 sb. be in favor of sth. = sb. be for sth. 某人支持某事 do sb. a favor= do a favor for sb. 幫某人一個(gè)忙 拓展： in + n.+ of 的結(jié)構(gòu)in honor of 為紀(jì)念；為慶祝； 對-表示尊敬 in memory of 為紀(jì)念 in celebration of 為慶祝 in place of 代替 i

12、n search of 尋找（未知） in support of 支持 in need/want of 需要 in case of 以防萬一sb. be in charge of sth. 某人負(fù)責(zé)，掌管某事（主動）sth. be in the charge of sb, 某事被某人掌管（被動）11. whats more此外;而且 whats worse情況跟糟的是 what if.如果.怎么辦? so what?那又怎樣? how come+陳述語氣 怎么可能 whats up?怎么了? whats on?上映什么?12. “l(fā)et”詞組let out 1)放出 ph: 把貓放出let t

13、he cat out 反義：let in 讓-進(jìn)來 2) 泄密 ph: let out a secret 3)發(fā)出叫喊ph: let out a cry 4)放大(衣服)let off 1)排放 ph:排放有毒氣體 let off poisonous gas 2)放(炮.煙火) ph:放鞭炮 let off fireworks/firecracker 3)讓某人下車 ph:let sb off 4)免除(懲罰) 拓展： let alone 更不用說 let sb alone 不理某人/別管某人 let sb down 使某人失望let out a secret 泄密13. in the n o

14、f 詞組 in the form of - 以-的形式 （n.） form / get into the habit of 養(yǎng)成-的習(xí)慣 （vt.）拓展： in the hope of -懷著-的希望 in the direction of- 朝著-的方向 in the eyes of - 在-看來 in the name of - 以-的名義14.hold詞組.hold out 遞出;拿出伸出堅(jiān)持;維持 eg:拿出一卷衛(wèi)生紙 hold out a roll of toilet paper eg:他伸出手表達(dá)對我們的熱烈歡迎。 he hold out his hands to express

15、his warm welcome to us eg:我們的糧食還能維持多久？how long can our food hold out?拓展: hold off 推遲;拖延;延遲 hold back 縮回 hold ones hand back 抑制(感情);隱瞞(真相) hold on 別掛,等等(電話用語) 緊緊抓住. hold on to sth hold up 舉起;拿起推動使延誤;使停頓15. “way” 詞組：in this way /by this means/ with this method 用這種方法 in ones/the way 擋道/ in a way 在某種程度上

16、 in no way絕不（部分倒裝）by the way 順便問一下 by way of - 途經(jīng)-make ones way (辛苦地)前進(jìn)，行走 擋住某人的道m(xù)ake way for- 讓路給-/ 給-讓位16. get詞組 get through 順利通過(考試) 接通電話 度過(時(shí)間) 做完;辦完,用完（錢） get across 橫穿;橫渡 get sth across to sb./sth get across to sb某事為某人所理解 get on/along with sb.和某人相處 get on/along with sth. (事情)進(jìn)展 get in收獲莊稼 get

17、together聚會;相聚 get rid of擺脫 get away逃離;離開 get over 從疾病中恢復(fù)過來 克服(difficulties=overcome difficulties) get it懂了;理解了get on 上車 get off 下車get down to doing sth著手做某事 get it懂了，理解了 get around 四處走動（謠言）等四處傳播17 set詞組.set sb/sth loose 釋放. = set sb/sth freebe set in 以為背景 set up 成立，建立 set about doing sth / set out t

18、o do sth 開始做某事set offset aside 1. 把放在一邊；擱置 2. 不理會 3. 儲蓄（時(shí)間，金錢）set fire to sth= set sth on fire 放火燒某物set out .出發(fā) .提出，制定出 ph : 出發(fā)去某地點(diǎn) set out for spset sail 起航 set sail for sp 起航去某地set sb an example = set an example to sb 為某人樹立一個(gè)榜樣set down 放下，寫下，記下 set foot in/ on sp踏上某地18 pay off 某人的努力獲得成功，得到回報(bào) eg; h

19、is patience and efforts _ _ at last.付清 pay off the debts付清債務(wù) pay off sb 付清工資后辭退某人pay money for sth為-付錢 pay 100 yuan for the bikepay back 償還19. remind vt.1.使。想起。 ph:sb of sth使某人想起某事。2.提醒 ph: sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事warn sb of sth 警告某人某事 accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事=charge sb with sth rob sb of sth 搶某人某物 cure

20、sb of sth 治愈某人的某?。╰reat sb for sth治療某人的某病 ） inform sb of sth 告知某人某事convince sb of sth 使某人確信某事 被動： deprive sb of sth 剝奪某人某物20. make up1) 組成，占（比例） 2) 捏造 捏造一個(gè)故事/ 借口 3) 彌補(bǔ) 彌補(bǔ)失去的時(shí)間 4) 和解 為什么不和他和解呢？ 5化妝，打扮； 床鋪 6) 下定決心做某事 make up ones mind to do sth常見的make的詞組be made of-由-制成（看得出原材料） be made from-由-制成（看不見原材料

21、）be made into- 被制成- make out 勉強(qiáng)分辨出- make it 成功地做了某事be made in sp在sp制造出21.give詞組 give up 放棄 give in屈服 give way讓步give off發(fā)光、發(fā)熱、發(fā)出氣體。 give out 發(fā)光、發(fā)熱、發(fā)出氣體, 分發(fā)；耗盡，用完；筋疲力盡 give away 贈送，泄密 22.go through 經(jīng)歷，遭受（困難，痛苦等）審閱，檢查eg.戰(zhàn)爭中多數(shù)家庭經(jīng)歷了困難。most families went through difficulties in the war.go over復(fù)習(xí)=review go

22、 down價(jià)格、溫度下降 go ahead 去做吧、干吧go in for 愛好- go against 違背 have a go at sth嘗試某事go without-不吃，不用 23. keep詞組 keep up with 跟上 keep up keep down 壓制,抑制,控制 keep away from 遠(yuǎn)離某物keep off 使遠(yuǎn)離, keep off the grass 勿踩/遠(yuǎn)離草地 keep on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 keep out (使)在外,(使)不進(jìn)入 keep after 追求,追趕,糾纏 keep sth in mind 把記住 keep/h

23、old back ones tears 忍住淚keep sb( from ) doing sth keep doing sth 24.call詞組call in 召集 call on sb 拜訪某人 call at sp拜訪某地call names 辱罵某人 call on sb to do sth 號召某人做某事 call for需要，去接某人，去取-call off 取消=cancel call up 打電話給某人，把某人叫醒，使某人想起，征招入伍25. agree詞組agree on- 雙方就-達(dá)成一致agree with sb/what sb said 單方面同意某人sth agree

24、 with sb （氣候、食物適合某人的胃口） the food here doesnt agree with me.agree to (suggestion/ plan/ arrangement)26. bring詞組bring in 引進(jìn)，獲利，賺錢 bring about 帶來，造成bring down使價(jià)格降低/ 擊敗某人 bring out 出版，顯現(xiàn)出含義bring forward 提出，提前。 bring up 撫養(yǎng)長大 come/bring back to life 使恢復(fù)生機(jī) 27. die詞組die of(內(nèi)因)常見的有 hunger ,illness,old age,co

25、lddie from(外因)常見的有 wound（戰(zhàn)爭中受傷）overwork（過勞）拓展：die off相繼死去 die out 滅絕 die down (暴風(fēng)雨，火，興奮等)漸弱，漸息 die away (聲音，光線，風(fēng)等)漸弱，漸息 be dying to do sth./ be dying for sth. 渴望（做）某事 long to do sth/ long for sth渴望（做）某事 be eager to do sth/be eager for sth渴望（做）某事 be desperate to do sth/ be desperate for sth渴望（做）某事 be thirsty to do sth/ be thirsty for sth渴望（做）某事 28. pull 詞組 pull down 毀壞拆毀 pull in 1.火車等進(jìn)站， 船靠岸 2.賺錢 3. 拘留、逮捕嫌疑犯pull out 1. 火車駛出站，船離岸 2.退出pull up 把車停住責(zé)備;（使）名次提前;pull through 恢復(fù)健康，情緒好轉(zhuǎn)pull over 靠邊停車29. if 詞組 if so 如果這樣的話 代上文提到的事情 if ever如果曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過的話 強(qiáng)調(diào)動作 if any 如果有的話 強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量 if (it is)possible/necess