About the Training of the Four Abilities of Listening Speaking Reading Writing in English 淺議英語中聽說讀寫的提高

1、談英語中聽說讀寫的培養(yǎng)about the training of the four abilities of listening speaking reading writing in english abstract why do we study english?if a man is only good at listening and speaking,can we say that he is good at english?no.if a man is only good at reading and writing,can we say that he is good at th

2、e language?no.if a man is good at english,he should be able to use the language.wherever it is listening, speaking, reading, and writing.listening, speaking,reading, writing is four part of language skills.but also we can learn to master english, the four parts.personally believe that learning engli

3、sh is best to combine listening and speaking, reading and writing one, of course, if the final four were able to achieve a high degree of unity believe there will be a multiplier effect. terms in the form of language, listening, and said to be spoken, read and write is a written language; the sound

4、of spoken language written language forms of written language is the spoken language of the written records. from the perspective of the development of human language, spoken language is primary, and written language is secondary; oral and written language the ways and means of expression, as well a

5、s vocabulary, syntax, information density and language function have significant differences. from a cognitive point of view, listening and reading is the understanding of discourse and information input capabilities, say and write is to express the ideas of the information output skills. the four s

6、kills in language learning and communication in the complementary and mutually reinforcing. key words: listening, speaking, reading, writing, language, skill, use 摘 要 我們?yōu)槭裁磳W(xué)習(xí)英語?如果一個人只擅長聽和說,我們可以說他很擅長英語嗎? 不能.如果一個人只善于閱讀和寫作,我們可以說他擅長這門語言嗎? 不能.如果一個人擅長英語,他應(yīng)該能夠好好使用英語。無論是在聽、說還是讀、寫方面。聽，說，讀，寫是語言技能的四個組成部分，也是我們學(xué)

7、習(xí)英語要掌握的四個部分。個人認(rèn)為，英語學(xué)習(xí)聽、說、讀、寫一個也不能少。而在這四部分中，最好是聽與說結(jié)合，讀與寫一塊，當(dāng)然如果最終能將這四者達(dá)到高度統(tǒng)一相信會有事半功倍的效果。從語言的形式來看，聽和說是口語，讀和寫是書面語；口語是書面語的有聲形式，書面語是口頭語言的文字記錄。從人類語言的發(fā)展來看，口語是第一性的，書面語是第二性的；口語與書面語在表達(dá)方式與途徑以及詞匯、句法、信息密度和語言功能方面有明顯區(qū)別。從認(rèn)知角度看，聽和讀是話語理解和信息輸入能力，說和寫是表達(dá)思想，是信息輸出技能。這四種技能在語言學(xué)習(xí)中相輔相成、相互促進(jìn)。關(guān)鍵詞聽，說，讀，寫，語言，技能，使用 contentsabstrac

8、t.3摘要.4 contents.5chapter 1 introduction.6chapter 2 ways on developing the four abilities.6i.listening.6 1.1 what is listening.7 1.2 methods of improving listening ability.9 1.3 the relationship of listening and speaking.16ii.speaking.182.1 what is speaking. .192.2 how to improve spoken english.21ii

9、i.reading.22 3.1 what is reading. .223.2 kinds of reading ability.233.3 training the reading ability.233.4 the relationship of reading. and writing.24iv.writing.284.1 what is writing.294.2 methods of improving writing ability .30conclusion.31acknowledgements.34bibliography.35chapter 1 introductionle

10、arning english, we must focus on improving students speaking and writing skills. through intensive training can not only enhance students more accurate pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and other knowledge, to increase interest in learning, build learning confidence, but also to students a wealth o

11、f imagination, logical thinking ability and language organizational skills. thus, in english teaching, with particular emphasis on students reading and writing skills, students should start the actual language proficiency, focusing on the language to teach students the basic knowledge, basic skills

12、training, a lot of language, the language forms and language meaning linked, so that students effective listening, speaking, reading and writing basic skills and abilities. chapeter2ways on developing the four abilitiesi. listening1.1 what is listening ? listening, one of the means of language commu

13、nication, is used most widely in peoples daily lives.what is hearing it? in general, the hearing is to identify and understand others, the ability to speak. listening is a passive acceptance of the skills, listen to the speech activity is mechanically passive understanding and acceptance of informat

14、ion process. in english learning as well as human interaction activities, listening to the most basic form, is to understand and absorb verbal information in communicative competence. in language learning, listening is to absorb and consolidate the language and culture speaking, reading and writing

15、language skills important means. 1.2 methods of improving listening ability1.2.1 you can make full use of the internet to do listening exercises.download listening material from internet.listen to all things considered news stories on npr. listen to the bbc. 1.2.2 strategies once you have begun to l

16、isten on a regular basis, you might still be frustrated by limited understanding. what should you do? here is some of the advice i give: accept the fact that you are not going to understand everything. keep cool when you do not understand-even if you continue to not understand for a long time. do no

17、t translate into your native language. listen for the gist of the conversation. dont concentrate on detail until you have understood the main ideas. 1.2.3 translating creates a barrier between yourself and the person who is speaking. while you are listening to another person speaking a foreign langu

18、age ,the temptation is to immediately translate into your native language. this temptation becomes much stronger when you hear a word you dont understand. this is only natural as we want to understand everything that is said. however, when you translate into your native language, you are taking the

19、focusof your attention away from the speaker and concentrating on the translation process taking place in your brain. this would be fine if you could put the speaker on hold. in real life however, the person continues talking while you translate. this situation obviously leads to less -not more- und

20、erstanding. i have discovered that translation leads to a kind of blockin my brain which sometimes doesnt allow me to understand anything at all! 1.2.4 most people repeat themselves think for a moment about your friends, family and colleagues. when they speak in your native tongue, do they repeat th

21、emselves? i dont mean literally ,i mean the general idea. if they are like most people i have met, they probably do. that means that whenever you listen to someone speaking, it is very likely that he/she will repeat the information, giving you a second, third or even fourth chance to understand what

22、 has been said. by remaining calm, allowing yourself to notunderstand, and not translating while listening, your brain is free to concentrate on the most important thing: understanding english in english.1.2.5 tipslisten to something you enjoy probably the greatest advantage about using the internet

23、 to improve your listening skills is that you can choose what you would like to listen to and how many and times you would like to listen to it. by listening to something you enjoy, you are also likely to know a lot more of the vocabulary required! listen for key words use key words or keyphrases to

24、 help you understand the general ideas. if you understand new york, business trip, last year you can assume that the person is speaking about a business trip to new york last year. this may seem obvious to you, but remember that understanding the main idea will help you to understand the detail as t

25、he person continues to speak. listen for context lets imagine that your english speaking friend says .i bought this great tunerat jrs. it was really cheap and now i can finally listen to national public radio broadcasts. you dont understand what a tuneris. if you focus on the word tuneryou might bec

26、ome frustrated. however, if you think in context you probably will understand. for example; bought is the past of buy, listen is no problem and radio is obvious. now you understand: he bought something - the tuner- to listen to the radio. a tunermust be a kind of radio! this is a simple example but

27、it demonstrates what you need to focus on: not the word that you dont understand, but the words you dounderstand. 1.3 the relationship of listening and speaking listening is an absorbing and importing stage while speaking is an expressing and exporting one, the former is the basis of individual expr

28、ession and the premise of language learning, listening clearly will facilitate people to imitate and speak following what they heard. 1 this outline describes vividly the relationship between the two skills. according to statistics carried out by paul ranson，an american professor ,listening and spea

29、king are significant communication methods. from this point of view of the survey we know in daily life that listening activity accounts for 45% and speaking accounts for 30%.both of them deliver information by means of centre nerve system. as the first chapter mentioned, listening undertakes the ta

30、sk of understanding and absorbing information while speaking bears the assignments of conveying and delivering information. listening establishes precondition for speaking, at the same time, the latter reflects the advancement of the former. people detect the quality of listening through speaking, t

31、hat is to say, if hearing someone clearly; they will speak fluently without breaking away from the right track. therefore, the two activities are conducted crisscross. people during the practice of learning language are always in line with the principle of assimilating first, and then pouring out. i

32、f only absorbing better materials can we communicate with others smoothly. ii. speaking2.1 what is speaking ? in the listening is developed on the basis of english speaking skills, generally include these factors: pronunciation intonation, vocabulary, sentence structure reasonable use appropriate la

33、nguage expression custom, with quick response and resourceful and succinct, etc. english is the language of sound, is the language output and release process.2.2 methods of improving listening ability to most people, speaking is the most difficult part when learning a foreign language. although ever

34、yone knows that the best way to speak a language fluently is to practice speaking as much as possible, not many people can do this. language centers often create courses focusing on speaking skills, but besides the help of these courses, you should make some effort to improve your skills on your own

35、. learners often hesitate to speak because they are afraid of pronouncing the words wrongly. in fact it is very difficult to correct a mistake in pronunciation later if you dont pay attention to it from the start. the advice is that you should try to pronounce the words right from the very first les

36、sons. be patient when pronouncing new words. if you make a constant mistake in pronunciation, you should record the right pronunciation of that word and listen over and over again so that you will be familiar with it. you can find short stories in the language you are learning, in books or on the in

37、ternet and read them aloud at home. in this way you can roughly judge how good your pronunciation is and gain more confidence when speaking to others later. you can also try to think in the language you are learning. it may sound crazy but speaking to yourself in a foreign language is very effective

38、 for your learning. of course the best way to improve your speaking skills is to talk with a native speaker. that also means the best language class is the one which has a native speaker as the teacher. the foreign teacher usually uses only the language being learnt in the class and refuses to speak

39、 in any other. therefore you can become more familiar with the language you are studying because you are forced to speak in it.iii.reading1.1 what is reading ? many people think of reading as a simple skill,readers decode (figure out how to pronounce) each word in a text and then automatically compr

40、ehend the meaning of the words, as they do with their everyday spoken language. this is not our understanding of reading. think for a moment about the last thing you read. a newspaper analysis of rising conflict in another part of the world? a report on water quality in your community? a novel? if y

41、ou could recapture your mental processing, you would notice that you read with reference to a particular world of knowledge and experience related to the text. the text evoked voices, memories, knowledge, and experiences from other times and placessome long dormant, some more immediate. if you were

42、reading complex text about complex ideas or an unfamiliar type of text, you were working to understand it, your reading most likely characterized by many false starts and much backtracking. you were probably trying to relate it to your existing knowledge and understanding. you might have stumbled ov

43、er unfamiliar words and found yourself trying to interpret them from the context. and you might have found yourself having an internal conversation with the author, silently agreeing or disagreeing with what you read. reading is not a straightforward process of lifting the words off the page. it is

44、a complex process of problem solving in which the reader works to make sense of a text not just from the words and sentences on the page but also from the ideas, memories, and knowledge evoked by those words and sentences. although at first glance reading may seem to be passive, solitary, and simple

45、, it is in truth active, populated by a rich mix of voices and viewsthose of the author, of the reader, and of others the reader has heard, read about, and otherwise encountered throughout life. 3.2 kinds of reading abilitybriefly, english reading into the main types: reading, reading, read fast, re

46、ad, read. reading is the task of imparting knowledge based system of language. phonetics, grammar, vocabulary, discourse, results, language functional-notional is very basic. training basic language skills, fluent english, cultivate the ability to use anxiously. in both seek to improve reading compr

47、ehension, careful observation and analysis and judgment language inductive reasoning assumption such logic thinking ability. cultivating ability of rapid reading has been reading interest, to enlarge your vocabulary, enhance the cultural background knowledge. fast reading requirement in a very limit

48、ed time readers quickly complete within the reader and written communication. so-called reading ability is mainly refers to the intensive and extensive reading ability.3.3 training the reading ability one of the most important skills in reading is the knowledge of word .the number of the words you k

49、now determines the difficulty and complexity of the material you can read and understand. if you have an extremely limited reading vocabulary, you will be able to read only very simple material. obviously, vocabulary forms a stumbling block for the poor reader. you have to develop strategies, which

50、will allow you either to discover the meaning of the words or at least to proceed further with the text in spite of not knowing the meanings of some new words. one of the efficient ways is guessing the unknown vocabulary. guessing the meaning of words is a shortcut in reading. while reading in our o

51、wn language, we usually have an unconscious habit of making logical inference as to the meaning of words based on the context. you can use the context to get the meaning and to help you develop the comprehension skills. to be a good reader, deducing the meaning of unfamiliar lexical items through co

52、ntextual lines is necessary. in order to improve reading ability. its essential to memorize words and master the ways of guessing the meaning of words, besides, when reading, you should catch the phrases as a unit of meaning and view the sentences as a unit of meaning. sentences are the basic building blocks for writing som