《主謂一致舊》PPT課件

1、主謂一致主謂一致集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)nThe public _generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims.nisnarenwasnhas been集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)nThe committee_, and it has decided to dismiss him.nwere metnhave metnhas metnwas met集合名詞作主語(yǔ)n有些集合名詞假設(shè)表示整體概念，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如表示成員用復(fù)數(shù)。常見(jiàn)名詞：narmy, audience, class, club, committee, company,

2、crowd, couple, enemy, family, group, government, jury, party, personnel, staff, team, union, publicnCattle _ in the field.ngrazesnis grazingnwas grazingnare grazing總是跟復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的集合名詞n有些集合名詞，如folk, people, police, youth, militia, cattle, poultry, data等表示由一樣個(gè)體組成的集體，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，總是跟復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞方式單復(fù)數(shù)同形名詞作主語(yǔ)nThese deer _ sm

3、all compared with other species of deer.narenisndondoes單復(fù)數(shù)同形名詞作主語(yǔ)n單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)，要根據(jù)上下文的意義及修飾成分來(lái)確定其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)名詞：naircraft, deer, fish, sheep以s結(jié)尾的名詞或名詞詞組nThe Canterbury Tales _ written by Chaucer.nhas beennwerenwasnhad been以s結(jié)尾的名詞或名詞詞組nThe Philippines _ to the south-east of China.nliesnlienlaynlays以s結(jié)尾的名詞或

4、名詞詞組n書(shū)名，國(guó)名，組織名做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)n表示瀑布，群島，山脈等詞以s結(jié)尾的專(zhuān)有名詞往往被看作復(fù)數(shù)方式，作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的名詞或名詞詞組nThe Smiths _ their breakfast when the morning post came.nhadnhas been havingnare havingnwere having以s結(jié)尾的名詞或名詞詞組n表示姓氏的專(zhuān)有名詞詞尾加-s, 前面加定冠詞the，表示一家人作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的名詞或名詞詞組nMeasles _ a kind of infectious illness.nisnarenweren

5、have been以-ics結(jié)尾的名詞作主語(yǔ)nLinguistics _ very difficult to learn.nis notnare notnwere notnwasnt以-ics結(jié)尾的名詞作主語(yǔ)n以-ics結(jié)尾表示學(xué)科或疾病的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)方式。常見(jiàn)名詞：npolitics, mathematics, mumps, statistics, acoustics, linguistics, electronics, optics, physics, economics以-ics結(jié)尾的名詞作主語(yǔ)nStatistics _ that the number of housewi

6、ves who work part-time has increased in the past few years in the U.S.nshownshowsnhas shownhas been showedAttentionn假設(shè)這些以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞本義表示詳細(xì)的實(shí)際活動(dòng)，性能，景象等時(shí)，那么是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)方式ne.g. His politics are very radical.意義一致nAlthough his many examples were all right, the remainder _ not exact.nis narenwasnwere意義一致

7、nall, most, half, enough, some, the rest, the remainder 這些詞也可以單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)主謂一致遵照意義一致原那么none of, neither of, either ofnnone of 后面接的是可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)都可以；假設(shè)接的是不可數(shù)名詞，只能用單數(shù)nNone of us have/ has ever been abroad.nNone of the money was paid to me.nneither of 和either of 構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)方式，但在口語(yǔ)中也可以用復(fù)數(shù)nNeither

8、of the cars was/ were damaged.nEither of the girls is Anns sister.nFour-fifth of the crop _.nare ruinednwas ruinednwere ruinednhave been ruinednThree-fourths of the buildings _.nwas destroyednis destroyednwere destroyednhas been destroyednAbout 20% of the students were absent from the meeting.nOnly

9、30% of the work was done yesterday.form (kind, part) ofn這類(lèi)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于這些詞本身的單復(fù)數(shù)，與of后面的名詞沒(méi)有關(guān)系。for example:nThese are two different forms of same thing.nParts of the book are interesting.nA substantial portion of the reports is missing.one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞+定語(yǔ)從句nHe is one of the students who _ the exam.nhas

10、passednwere passednhave passednhave been passednTom is the only one of the staff members who _ to be promoted.nis goingnare goingnhas been goingnhave been goingn分句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)方式，但one之前有the only等次修飾時(shí)，分句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)方式nA number of cars _ in front of the building.nis parkednare parkednhas parkednwas parkednTh

11、e number of the private colleges _.nare increasingnwas increasingnhave increasednhas increaseda/ the number of+可數(shù)名詞na number (a variety) of +可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)nthe number (the variety) of +可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)并列主語(yǔ)nEnglish and Chinese _ quite different languages.nisnarenwasnwerenIf law and order _ not preserved

12、, neither the citizen nor his property is safe.nisnwasnarenwerenThe linebacker and captain of the team _ most valuable player.nhave been selectednhas been selectednhave selectednhas selectednand銜接的并列主語(yǔ)在意義上指同一個(gè)人，事，物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，e.g.nEvery man and every woman _ required to vote for the candidate las

13、t month.nisnwerenarenwasor, neitheror, eitheror, not onlybut alsonNot only they but also I _ interested in such kind of things.nisnarenamnwas名詞代詞+某些詞組nInterest, as well as prospects, _ important when one looks for a job.nwasnisnwerenarenDoctor Smith, together with his wife and two sons, _ to arrive

14、on the evening flight.nwill benisnare goingnaren當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟由with, along with, like, in addition to, as well as, as much as, rather than, more than, no less than, except等詞組時(shí)，由這些詞組前面的名詞決議謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞而單復(fù)數(shù)方式主語(yǔ)從句中nWhat he did _ nothing to do with me.nisnhasnarenhavewhat分句作主語(yǔ)n由what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)方式；但是，假設(shè)主句中的表語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)

15、方式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也可以是復(fù)數(shù)nWhat we badly need here are competent teachers.nWhat was real to him were the details of his life.其他名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)nThat they were wrong in the matters _ now clear to us.nwasnisnarenweren普通用單數(shù)，但有and并列的名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)，并表示兩件事情時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)nWhether she comes or not doesnt concern me.nWhat caused the accide

16、nt and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.存在句nThere _ never been hard feelings between the families living on this block.nhadnhavenisnwerenThere _ one or two things Id like to do tonight.nisnhas beennhave beennare其他構(gòu)造中的主謂一致nIn that country, the rich _ richer, the poor _ poorer.nbecome

17、sbecomesnare isnbecomebecomenis isthe + 某些描畫(huà)詞nthe +描畫(huà)詞-某類(lèi)人：復(fù)數(shù)nthe +描畫(huà)詞-某類(lèi)事物：?jiǎn)螖?shù)nThe beautiful lives forever.nThe accused was acquitted.動(dòng)名詞或不定式nWriting stories and articles _ what I enjoy most.nisnarenwasnwerenTo listen to fine music and to have stimulating conversation with good friends _ two pleasures in life.nisnarenwasnhas beennWeeping and wailing _ nothing towards solving the problem.ndonisndoesnaremore than one/ many anMore than one worker _ dismissed.nhave bee