（整理版高中英語）高考英語專題06動詞的時態(tài)和

1、高考英語易錯點點睛與高考突破 專題06 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)【高考預測】1.常見的八種時態(tài)及其延伸時態(tài)的含義和根本用法.2.主動語態(tài)、被動語態(tài)的含義和用法.3.情態(tài)動詞 + have + 過去分詞結構【難點突破】難點1 動詞時態(tài)1.at this time tomorrow, at home with a cup of tea.a. i am going to watch tv b. i will be watching tv c. i 11 watch tv d. im to watch tv2.hey, boy! l,ook where you are going!a. im not noti

2、cing b. i wasnt noticing c. i am not uoticed d. i dont noticed【易錯點點睛】易錯點點睛 1 常見的八種時態(tài)及其延伸時態(tài)的含義和平共處根本用法1 .he was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.a. were deciding b. have decided c. decided d. will decide 2. they _ on the program

3、 for almost one week before i joined them, and now we it as no good results have come out so far. a. had been working; are still working b. had worked; were still working c. have been working; have worked d. have worked; are still working【錯誤解答】 c【易錯點點睛】 此題有兩個不同的語境。前者是在我參加以前他們已經(jīng)干了一個星期，是過去的過去，用過去完成時；后

4、者那么用現(xiàn)在進行時來表示目前仍然處于的狀態(tài)。時間狀語so far是修飾動作come out的。 【正確解答】 a3.has sam finished his homework today? i have no idea. he _ it this morning. a. did b. has done c. was doing d. had done5.thank goodness, you are here! what_ you?traffic jam.a. keeps b. is keeping c. had kept d. kept【錯誤解答】 c【易錯點點睛】 根據(jù)語義youre he

5、re(你終于到了)，那么后面是表達在到達之前所發(fā)生的事情，說明動作已經(jīng)終止，用一般過去時。如果說強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，也只能是現(xiàn)在完成時，所以c項是錯誤的?！菊_解答】 d6. the crazy fans patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.a. were waiting b. had been waiting c. had waited d. would wait7.maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _ su

6、ch a beautiful palace.a. can you find b. you could tlnd c. you can find d. could you find【正確解答】 d9.now that she is out of job, lucy going back to school, but she hasat decided yet. a. had considered b. has been considering c. considered d. is going to considered例如:i leave for beijing next monday.the

7、 meeting begins in a minute.在here，there，in等開頭的倒裝句中，一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。例如: i leave for beijing next monday.there goes the bell. in came the teacher.(3)表示感覺、狀態(tài)、思想或理解的動詞，如see ，hear，think，hope，wish，know， forget，understand，like，hate，mean，be feel，fit 等常有可用于一般現(xiàn)在時。例如: i feel a sudden pain in my head. 在口語中，want，ho

8、pe，wish，wonder，think等動詞可用一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在的一種委婉的語氣或一種試探性的態(tài)度；情態(tài)動詞的過去式could， should，would，might也可用于現(xiàn)在或將來時表示一種委婉語氣。例如:i wanted to ask if you could help me.could you lend me your dictionary?would you like to have a walk in the garden with me?what should i do now? (1)用來表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作，盡管此刻這一動作不一定正在進行。例如: how are yo

9、u getting along with your work these days?(2)在時間、條件狀語從句中，有時可用進行時來代替一般將來時。例如: dont mention this when you are talking with the manager.(3)現(xiàn)在進行時與always，all the time，forever， constantly等詞連用時，表示感慨、驚訝、厭惡等情緒。例如: he is always thinking of his study. (表示贊許)tom is talking his past all the time. (表示厭惡)(4)連系動詞lo

10、ok，feel，smdl，taste，sound等，表示心理的動詞want，like，prefer，have等一般不用于進行時態(tài)，也沒有被動語態(tài)。但是，turn，become，get，grow，go等表示由一種狀態(tài)進入另一種狀態(tài)時，用進行時。例如:she feels worse today.the fish smells good.the rich man is becoming poorer and poorer.(改變狀態(tài))its getting darker and darker.(改變狀態(tài))5.般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別 (2)一般過去時常用的時間狀語有yesterday， last

11、night，two days ago，at that time等；例如:at that time, he was very poor.i finished my homework two days ago.現(xiàn)在完成時常用的狀語，副詞有already，just， yet，never，ever，before等，與表示從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時間狀語連用，如today， now，lately，recently，in the lastpast few days weeksyears，since then，up to now，so far等。例如:i have never seen such

12、 a big apple.he has remembered 500 words this month. he has been there for five months. i havent seen him since 典型例題 i havent seen him since he left.i wont believe you until i have seen it with my own eyes. 比擬下面句子，體會兩種時態(tài)的不同: he served in the army from 1999 to 典型例題指過去的一件事，現(xiàn)在不是軍人) he has served in the

13、 army for 6 years.(現(xiàn)在還在服役) he wrote many novels when he was at college. (寫許多小說是讀大學時的事情) he has written many novels。(寫過許多小說，還在寫)i saw war and peace lastyear.(去年看的)i have seen war and peace before.(以前看過) 現(xiàn)在完成時的動作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在有著影響；現(xiàn)在完成進行時那么強調(diào)延續(xù)或直接結果。例如: you look so tired ,what have you been doing? we have

14、been discussing the problem but we havent drawn a conclusion.【變式探究】3 whats the weather like tomorrow?well, i _ it, for the scenic pictures drew my attention as the weather forecast was going on.a. was missing b. missed c. will miss d. had misse答案: b解析:錯過了是過去的事情。 4 may i speak to your manager at four

15、 o clock this afternoon ?im sorry. he to a conference long before then.a. will have gone b. had gone c. would go d. has gone答案: a解析:在那個時候已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，將來完成時。 2.why did you leave that position? i _ a better position at ibm.a. offer b. offered c. am offered d. was offered【錯誤解答】 c【易錯點點睛】 動詞offer常用在offereb.sth.

16、結構中，這里主語是i，故用被動語態(tài)。又因為動作發(fā)生在過去，因此選d?！菊_解答】 d3. sarah,hurry up. im afraid you wouldnt have time to _ before the party.a. get changed b. get change c. get changing d. get to change【錯誤解答】 d【易錯點點睛】 此題考查系表結構。“get changed"是換衣服的意思，changed是過去分詞做表語。類似的還有 get dressed，get seated等?！菊_解答】 a5. the mayor of bei

17、jing says that all construction work for the beijing olympics _ by . a. has been completed b. has completed c. will have been completed d. will have completed【特別提醒】 1.在口語和非正式場合下為了強調(diào)動作，常用“get+過去分詞結構。有時帶有不愉快、不順利 的含義。其否認和疑問句要借助動詞do來構成。有時也會出現(xiàn)“become+過去分詞的結構。例如: he got wounded in a battle.she got married

18、 last week.the patient gets treated once a week.did you get scolded yesterday?he became seized with a deep sorrow. 3.主動形式表示被動意義的情況:1)某些連系動詞的主動形式表示被動意義，如look(看上去)，smell，taste，sound，feel，appear (似乎)，prove(證明)，后面接形容詞或名詞做表語。例如:the roses smell sweet.the theory proved true.the examination turned out easy.

19、2)某些具有及物意義的不及物動詞的主動形式表示被動意義，如read，write，translate，record， lock，shut，open，wash，clean，run，sell等，此時主語大多指物，并且一般和副詞連用。例如:your composition reads well.his voice records well.the door locks easily.the coat wears well.3)表示開始、結束、運動的動詞，如begin， finish，start，open，close，stop，end，shut，rna，move等。例如work began at 7oc

20、lock this morning.the shop closes at 6 p.m. everyday.【變式探究】1 the christmas card mr. white ?no. its still on the desk.a. has; given b. was; given c. has; been given d. will; be given答案: c解析:強調(diào)有沒有被送去。 2 only when your identity has been checked, _. a. you are allowed in b. you will be allowed in c. wil

21、l you allow in d. will you be allowed in答案: d解析:將來的事情，被許可。5 slowly the old woman took out her pocket book, and an old photograph _ out of it.a. dropped b. was dropped c. was dropping d. had been dropped易錯點點睛 3 情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞結構1 、when the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind t

22、he mountain.a. started; had already hidden b. had started; had already hidden c. had started; was hiding d. was starting; hid【錯誤解答】 d【易錯點點睛】 如果誤解為“waswere doing. when.(即將突然)句型，就會錯選d。從句意看 hide的動作在start之前就已經(jīng)開始了，應當用過去完成時來表示過去的過去。【正確解答】 a2. scientists think that the continents _ where they _ today. a. a

23、rent; are b. arent; were c. werent; are d. werent; were4.that was really a splendid evening. its years _ i enjoyed myself so much. a. when b. that c. before d. since【特別提醒】固定句式中的時態(tài)和語態(tài)的情況: 1.在if, unlless，evenif 引導的條件狀語從句中，在when，until(till)，as soon ss，the moment，once引導的時間狀語從句中，no mater whatwhowhichwhen

24、wherehow或whateverwhoeverwhicheverwheneverwhereverhowever引導的讓步狀語從句中，如果主句是將來時(往往出現(xiàn)will shallcanmust)或主句是祈使句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。例如:ill not go unless i am invited.tell him the news as soon as he comes. 5.三個特殊句式的固定時態(tài)。thisit is the firstsecond.time + that從句。從句中一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，前面的is為was時，那么用過去完成時。例如:this the firsr t

25、ime i have come to the famous city.it was the forth time he had made the same mistake.(2)it ishas been + 一段時間 + since從句。 since從句中一般用一般過去時，如果前面是was，那么since從句中用過去完成時。例如:it was ten years since we had hadsuch a wonderful time.(3)it + be + 一段時間 + before從句。如果主句用將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，意思是多長時間后即將發(fā)生某事；如果主句用過去時，從句也

26、用過去時，意思是多長時間后發(fā)生了某事。例如:it wont be long before he succeeds.(要不了多久他就會成功)it was ten years before they met again.(十年后,他們又見面了)【變式探究】1 the cell phone i _ i is on the back seat of my ear.a. thought; had lost b. think; had lost c. thought; have lost d. think; lost3 _ i toured zhangjiajie, i was deeply impres

27、sed with its beautiful scenery.a. for the first time b. at first c. it was the first time d. the first time答案: d解析:the first time引導時間狀語從句。【高考突破】2. hes already gone homebut before he lefthe_all the mistakes in his paperawould correct bhas corrected ccorrected dhad corrected3.- its many years since i

28、saw you last； i _ you at all.- i wouldnt have, either, if someone _ you by the name.adidnt recognize; hadnt called bdidnt recognize; didnt callchavent recognized; didnt call drecognized; had called4. -what do you think of the eiffel tower?-splendidwhen i was in france，i it.ahave visited b. had visit

29、ed ccould visit d. visited6. i wonder if you could go with me to the post office. id like to, but i _ my experiment report and have to finish it this afternoon.a. wrote b. was writing c. have written d. am writing【答案】d【解析】考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)答語后半局部中的內(nèi)容可知答話人現(xiàn)在正在寫實驗報告，所以用現(xiàn)在進行時。7.the iphone 4s has been on the marke

30、t for some timehave you got one?yes, i _ one during my visit to hong kongahave bought bbought chad bought dwould buy9. before i began this job, i _ a baby sitter for two years.a. have been b. was c. would be d. had been11.i have just received another message, telling me i have won a big prizedon'

31、;t jump on ityou _ashould be cheated bare being cheated care cheating dmust have cheated13.have you seen the film? yes. i _it three times when i was in america.a. sawb. had seenc. have seend. was seeing14. when you reach the other end of the bridge, i _ right there to show you the way.a. waitb. have

32、 waited c. was waitingd. will be waiting16.remember the first time we met?一sure. you _ in the supermarket.a. had shopped b. have shopped c. were shopping d. shopped18. the wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front_ to arrive.a. will be expectedb. is expectingc. expects d. is expected【答案】

33、d【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：預計將有一股冷鋒到來，因此潮濕的天氣明天將會繼續(xù)。a cold front與expect之間是動賓關系，expert是發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在的動作，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，應選d項。19. the most delicious cake in the world _ by momplease wait an hour to enjoy itamakes bis made cis going to make dis being made21. in the past few years thousands of films _all over the world.a. have produced b. have been produced c. are producing d. are being produced23 、wed better take umbrellasim sure it _ when we arrive in london; its always wet th