2020屆高三高考英語復(fù)習(xí)語法講解及練習(xí)題：名詞性從句【含答案】

1、2020屆高三高考英語復(fù)習(xí)語法講解及練習(xí)題：名詞性從句【含答案】重難點(diǎn)分析名詞性從句是歷年高考的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，也是熱點(diǎn)。名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可作主句的主 語、賓語、表語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語 從句（見下表）。主語從句作主語,用 that, Whetherl if, what（=the thing that）等連接詞引導(dǎo)。賓語從句作賓語，用 that （可省略）I Whether （OrnOt） I if1 what（=the thing WhiCh） 等連接詞引導(dǎo)。表語從句用 that （般不省略）I Whetherl what（=the thin

2、g WhiCh）等連接詞引導(dǎo)。同位語從句用 that （常用在 news, thought, idea, Planf SUggeStiOrV fact 等詞后），Whether等連接詞引導(dǎo)。一、主語從句主語從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的從句,通常放在主語謂語動詞之前或由形式主語応代替, 而本身放在句子末尾°如：WhO Will go is not important.誰將去不是重要的。1. it作形式主語和it引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的比較it作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。而 it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句則是對句子每一部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，無論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么成分，都可用連詞tha

3、t。 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時也可用whowhom0如：It is a Pity that you did,t go to See the film.（主語從句）你沒去看電影真是遺憾。It is in the morning that the murder took place.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）謀殺案發(fā)生的時間是在早晨°2.用it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)句型例句1It is+名詞+主語從句It is a fact that事實(shí)是/ It is an honor that非常木幸/ Itis COmmOnknC）WIedge that是常識2It is+形容詞+主語從It is natural that很自

4、然/ It is Strange that奇怪的是句（此句型后面常接虛擬語氣should+動詞原形）3It+不及物動詞+主語It SeemS that彳以乎/ It happened that碰巧/ It appears從句that似乎4It is/has been+過去分It is reported that據(jù)扌艮道/ It has been PrOVed that據(jù)證詞+主語從句頭/ It is Said that?”據(jù)說/ It is believed that 據(jù)認(rèn)為/ 般人都認(rèn)為2.主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況說明例句1If引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可位于復(fù)合句句首Whether he Wi

5、Il COme Or not in Unknown.（正）If he WiIl COme Or not is UnknoWrL （誤）2It is Said/reported結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提刖It is Said that Jiang Will ViSit OUr SChOOl next Week（正）Jiang WiIl ViSit OUr SChOOl next Week is Said（誤）3It happesoccrs結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提刖It OCCUrred to him that he failed in the examination.（正）That he failed

6、 in the examination OCeUITed to him（誤）month.我們聽說她下個月打算結(jié)婚n5否定前移（若主句謂語動詞為think, Consider, SUPPOSel believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,其后的賓語從句若含 有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句 謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式）。I don't think this dress fits you well.我認(rèn)為這件 衣服不適合你穿。注意:th at引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在某些形容詞后作賓語？如:anxious1 awarej certain, COnfidentI

7、ConVinCedf determined, galdj PrOUdt SUrPriSedf WOmed. sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed,anoyed1 PleaSedl satisfied, COntent等。也可將此類詞后的從句看作是原因狀語從句。三、表語從句表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句，放在系動詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+連系動 詞+表語從句"?？梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動詞有be, IOOkI remain, Seem等。引導(dǎo)表語從句的引 導(dǎo)詞that 般不省略。另外，常用的含有表語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)還有“The reason is

8、that-", Mlt is because-*, lThat,s Why"等。女口 :The reasOn he is Iate for SChOOl is that he missed the early bus. 他上學(xué)遲到的原因是他錯過了早班車C四.同位語從句同位語從句是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。說明例句對于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋The king's decision that the PriSOner WOUld beSet free SUrPriSed all the PeOPle.國王做出釋1同位語的功能放那個罪犯的決定讓所有人都很吃驚。（般由th

9、at引導(dǎo)）說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容The Order that all the SOIdierS ShOUId Stay StiIl is given by the general.所有的士兵都應(yīng)該保 持不動，這個命令是將軍下的。同位語從句在有時可以不緊跟在它所He got the news from Mary that the SPOrtS2句子中的位置說明的名詞后面，被別meeting WaS PUt off.他從瑪麗那里得到消息的詞隔開運(yùn)動會被推遲了。五、WhetherJ if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別說明例句1句首引導(dǎo)主語從句只能用WhetherWhether We Will go CamPing

10、 tomorrow depends On the weather.我們明天是否去野營取決于天氣。2if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句What the doctor really doubt is Whether my mother WiIl recover from the SeriOUS CliSeaSe soon.陜牛真正懷疑的 是我的母親是否會很快從重病中恢復(fù)。3if不能引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語從 句EVerything depends On Whether We Can make a Plan that they Will agree to.切取決于我們能否做出一個他們會 同意的計劃。4賓語從句是否定句只能

11、用ifI asked Peter if he had n't decided What he WOUId Say at the meeting.我問皮特他是不是還沒決定會議上他講的 內(nèi)容。5CliSCUSS后的賓語從句只能用We CliSCUSSeCl Whether the medicine WiIl CaUSe SideWhether 引導(dǎo)effects.我們討論了這個藥是否會引起副作用。注意:doubt作喺疑懈，后接賓語從句時，如主句是肯定的，賓語從句用Whether或If 引導(dǎo)，如主句是否定，賓語從句只能用that引導(dǎo)。如：I doubt Whether/if he is fi

12、t for the job.我懷疑他是否勝任這份工作。I don,t doubt that he Can do it Very well.他能把它做好,我不懷疑?？键c(diǎn)練透一、單句填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空，補(bǔ)全下列句子。1. 丨 can't decide dictionary I WOUId buy.2. That,s he refused my inVitatiOn.3 1 am Very interested in he has improved his PrOnuciation in SUCh a ShOrttime.4 We need is more time.5. The fact

13、 She had not Said anything at the meeting SUrPnSed everybody6. and they Will meet has not been decided yet.7. PleaSe tell me you are Waiting for.8. ISthat you are IOOking for?9. WOUICl you PIeaSe tell me the nearest POSt OffiCe is?Io I don't know he WiIl agree to the Plarl Or not.11. is Cione Ca

14、nrrt be undone.12. Take Care you don't make mistakes in the COming exam.13. TO his surprise, the UmbreIla WaS not he had put.14. We CarVt get SeemS bettethan We have15. he is WiIling to COme is not important.16. they are most interested in is they Can PrOCiUCe more and bettercars.17. It does n&#

15、39;t matter I rest Or not.18. I have WiIl be yours Sooner Or later.19. I think it is you are eating too much20. Can you make SUre AliCe has PUt the gold necklace?21. DO you remember he came?Yes, I do. He Came by train.22. MOther asked me WaS WrOng With me23 they have won the game made US excited24.

16、he SayS in his report is a Very interest!ng questiOrL25. That is he failed to arrive On time二、語篇填空根據(jù)短文意思用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。I don't know you have noticed 2 SOme StUdents do,t Want to WaIk to SChOOL It Can be Seen every day 3 their Parents drive them to SChOOL BUt noWadaySl it ShOUId be brought to OUr notice

17、 4 the air is SeriOUSly POIIUted 5 Can We do about it? Here I have a SUggeStiOn6 We ShOUId ride On OUr bike to SChOOI! 7 WeCan do it WiIl not OnIy have SignifiCant benefits for OUr health1 8 also help imp rove OUr enVirOnment. 9 We Will have a better environment depends On 10 We Can dofor OUrSeIVeS

18、and for nature.三、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。KeePing COmPlaining Can be a hurt in interpersonal relationships. So, (improve) relationship With OtherSl you need to be aware Of SeVeral SenSible WayS to COmPIain. TO begin Withf you need to be SPeCifiC Dont SayJ UBOyI did you act Iike 2 fool at

19、the party?" InSteadl say. UYOU embarrassed me by getting drunk and telling 3 (Offend) jokes to my Parents SeCOndIyt StiCk to the PreSent. Don* mention Old OffenCeS 4 are from IaSt month Or IaSt year. 5 doing this, you take away attention from the PrOblem at hand. MOreOVer, _6 you COmPIai n, nev

20、er add in suits. If you Start CaIIing the Other PerS On names, that Only _7 (Create) anger and hurt any Chance Of getting the PerSOn to really IiSten to 8 A IaSt Point to remember is to COmPIain PnVately. NeVer CritiCiZe the Other PerSOn in front Of frieds1 Parents, Children, Or anyOne else for that

21、 matter. CritiCiZing in front Of a third Party has the Same effect as insults. ThiS ShameS the PerSon 9 (CntieiZe) and makes 10 Very IikeIy that the PerSOn WiIl Want to attack you OraIly rather than IiSten to you.助讀詞匯sensible來明智的SPeCifiC adj.具體的OffenCe n.冒犯insult .侮辱PnVately adv.私下地Shame Vt使丟臉參考答案考點(diǎn)練透一、單句填空1. WhiCh 2. Why 3. how 4. What 5. that 6. When; Where 7. WhOm(m) 8. What 9.Where 10. Whether 11. What 12. that 13. Where 14. What; What