動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)

1、1. 在很多動(dòng)詞后都可跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)：Have you finished cleaning the windows窗子擦好了嗎Would you mind shutting the door勞駕把門(mén)關(guān)上行嗎I enjoyed working there.我在那里工作很高興。Our house needs painting. 我們的房子需要油漆。start,能跟這種賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞很多，常見(jiàn)的有： stop, suggest, remember, begin, like, mind, continue, can ' t help 等。2. 有些動(dòng)詞可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)也可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，意思上沒(méi)

2、有太大差別，如：Do you like playing chess 你喜歡下棋嗎t(yī)o playThey began talking about something else. 他們開(kāi)始談別的事。to talk有時(shí)兩者在意思上有差別：I remember seeing you somewhere. 記得在哪里見(jiàn)到過(guò)你。Remember to post the letter.記得把信發(fā)掉。3. 動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)的時(shí)候也很多，特別是在某些成語(yǔ)后，如：Are you interested in going with us你有興趣和我們一塊兒去嗎He is fond of playing tennis.

3、他很喜歡打網(wǎng)球。I'm thinking of going to Hangchow.我在考慮到杭州去一趟。Thank you for coming. 謝謝你來(lái)。4. 動(dòng)名詞還可和某些介詞一道用作狀語(yǔ)等：Give me a phone call before leaving home.離家前給我打個(gè)電話。I'm all for going by bus.我完全贊成坐公共汽車(chē)去。Exercises:1. 在下面句子中作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞 ( 短語(yǔ) ) 下劃線：1) He enjoys teaching.2) She kept talking.3) She disliked my work

4、ing late.4) Forgive my ringing up so early.5) I remember telling her about you.6) She liked reading short stories.7) Then we stopped talking.8) Would you mind telling her about it9) He admitted taking the money.10) They began talking about their school days.2. 在下面用作介詞賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞下劃線：1) I don ' t feel

5、like eating anything now.2) I ' ve got used to working at night.3) I ' m proud of having a friend like you.4) She was keen on coming to Chine.5) I never dreamed of meeting you in China.6) My sister is fond of reading picture books.3. 在下面句子中的介詞短語(yǔ)下劃線：1) We can ' t live without eating.2) Th

6、ey were surprised at your doing that.3) Since returning from Xi' an, I was awfully busy.4) She left without saying good-bye to us.5) What have you been doing besides writing the book6) He was praised for working so hard. 不定式作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ) 2007 年 09 月 11 日 19:10北文圖書(shū)不定式作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)1. 不定式 (短語(yǔ) )?？捎米髦髡Z(yǔ)：To see is t

7、o believe. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。To act like that is foolish. 這樣做是愚蠢的。2. 在很多情況下我們都把不定式往后移，前面用先行詞 it 作形式上的主語(yǔ)，這樣句子 結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)顯得更平穩(wěn)。這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)可以是：1) be 形容詞：It ' s difficult to learn English well.學(xué)好英語(yǔ)不容易。2) be 形容詞 for 引起的短語(yǔ)：It ' s hard for me to answer.我很難回答。3) be 形容詞 of 引起的短語(yǔ)：It ' s kind of you to think so much of us.難得

8、你為我們這樣著想。4) be 名詞：It ' s our duty to do that.這樣做是我們的職責(zé)。5) 其他形式的謂語(yǔ)：How long does it take to get there到那里需要多少時(shí)間3. 不定式 ( 短語(yǔ) ) 作賓語(yǔ)的時(shí)候極多，例如：He promised to help us. 他答應(yīng)幫助我們。4. 有些動(dòng)詞后可跟一個(gè)帶有連接副 (代) 詞的不定式作賓語(yǔ)：I don ' t know how to answer. 我不知道該怎樣回答。She will tell you what to do.她會(huì)告訴你該怎么做。5. 有時(shí)還可用 it 作形式

9、上的賓語(yǔ)，把不定式放到后面去：I don ' t think it necessary to do that.我想這樣做不必要。He felt it his duty to point that out.他感到有責(zé)任指出這一點(diǎn)。Exercises:1. 在下面句子的主語(yǔ)下劃線：1) To smoke so many cigarettes is bad for your health.2) It ' s difficult to answer the question.3) It ' s nice to be with you.4) It ' s impossib

10、le to get there in two hours.5) It ' s our duty to help them.6) How long does it take to get there7) It made her angry to hear that.8) It isn ' t right not to help them.9) It is an honour to be invited to visit the country.10) It ' s easy to answer that question.2. 在下面句子的賓語(yǔ)下劃線：1) She agr

11、eed to go there with us.2) They decided to go there by train.3) He promised to help us.4) Do you wish to go there with us5) They will show you how to do the work.6) I did not know how to translate the sentence.7) Helen found it hard to get on with them.8) Do you think it easy to learn English9) They

12、 considered it better not to go.10) She felt it her duty to take care of the children. 不定式作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ) 2007 年 09 月 11 日 19:10北文圖書(shū)不定式作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)1. 不定式 (短語(yǔ) )作定語(yǔ)時(shí)很多，特別是在某些句型中：Do you have anything more to say你還有什么話要說(shuō)嗎I want to get something to read. 我要找些資料看。There is nothing to be worried about.沒(méi)有什么事值得發(fā)愁。We need so

13、meone to take care of the children.我們需要人看孩子。2. 有些名詞后?？捎貌欢ㄊ阶鞫ㄕZ(yǔ)：It ' s time to go to bed.是睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候了。You have no right to do that.你沒(méi)有權(quán)利這樣做。That ' s the best way to do the work.這是做這工作最好的辦法。I'd like to have a chance to see him again.我希望有機(jī)會(huì)再見(jiàn)到他。我進(jìn)城去買(mǎi)書(shū)。3. 不定式有時(shí)可用作狀語(yǔ)，表示目的、結(jié)果、原因等：I went to town to b

14、uy some books.What have I said to make you so angry我說(shuō)了什么話使你這樣生氣She lived to be ninety.她活到了九十歲。I'm glad to see you. 看到你我很高興。We are proud to be students of China.作為中國(guó)的學(xué)生我們感到自豪。4. 還可用來(lái)表示某方面：She is always ready to help others.她總是樂(lè)于幫助別人。We were eager to go home. 我們亟于想回家。Be careful not to catch cold.當(dāng)

15、心別感冒。The book is easy to understand.這書(shū)容易懂。She was too young to understand that.她太年輕不懂這一點(diǎn)。Exercises:1. 在作定語(yǔ)的不定式 ( 短語(yǔ) ) 下劃線：1) I have a lot of things to do today.2) There are two letters to be typed.3) Let ' s go and get something to drink.4) There ' s no need to worry at all.5) We have a righ

16、t to know.6) I had nothing to do that night.7) She didn ' t have the courage to tell you that.8) That ' s probably the only thing to do now.9) There is no need to worry.10) He is not a man to bow before difficulties.2. 在作狀語(yǔ)的不定式 (短語(yǔ)) 下劃線：1) They ran over to welcome us.2) I ' m sorry to he

17、ar that.3) They are eager to take part in the job.4) The girls are easy to get along with.5) You are right to say so.6) She was glad to see us.7) Never too old to learn.8) It was too late to do anything now.9) She was unwilling to take the job.10) To be frank, I don' t like the idea.動(dòng)名詞的句法作用 200

18、7 年 09月 11 日 19:10 北文圖書(shū)動(dòng)名詞的句法作用1. 動(dòng)名詞起名詞的作用，在句中可作：1) 主語(yǔ)：Fishing is prohibited.禁止垂釣。2) 表語(yǔ)：My favourite sport is skiing.我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)是滑雪。3) 賓語(yǔ)：I suggested going by plane.我建議坐飛機(jī)去。4) 介詞的賓語(yǔ)：She is fond of swimming. 她喜歡游泳。5) 定語(yǔ)：This is your boarding pass.這是你的登機(jī)證。在很多情況下動(dòng)名詞和名詞已構(gòu)成合成詞： opening speech 開(kāi)幕詞 waiting-ro

19、om 候車(chē)室 living room 客廳 sleeping pill安眠藥deep-ploughing 深耕 close-planting 密植 weightlifting 舉重 family-planning 計(jì)劃生育2. 有些動(dòng)名詞已經(jīng)名詞化，前面可加冠詞，可用定語(yǔ)修飾，甚至有復(fù)數(shù)形式： You should give the room a good cleaning.你把房間好好打掃一下。Who did the recording是誰(shuí)錄的音Please take our greetings to him.請(qǐng)向他問(wèn)好。The work needs careful planning.這工作

20、需要周密計(jì)劃。3. 有些動(dòng)名詞已完全成為名詞：Let ' s bring in the washing.咱們?nèi)グ严春玫囊路者M(jìn)來(lái)。The story has a happy ending.這故事有個(gè)愉快的結(jié)局。Exercises:1. 在下面句子中的動(dòng)名詞下劃線并說(shuō)明它在句中的作用：1) Smoking is prohibited. ( )2) The only thing that interests her is dancing. ( )3) They insisted on going by plane. ( )5) What can we learn by watching s

21、uch movies ( )6) Do you mind my sitting here ( )7) They insisted on my staying there for supper. ( )8) I ' m thinking of going to London. ( )9) She takes no interest in my working there. ( )10) Running is my favourite sport. ( )11) Her job is raising pigs. ( )12) Seeing is believing. ( ) ( )2. 把

22、下面合成名詞譯為漢語(yǔ)：1) reading-room2) parking space3) sitting room4) washing machine5) job-hunting6) living standard7) handwriting8) sight seeing9) washing-powder10) air-conditioning3. 在下面句子的真正主語(yǔ)下劃線：1) It ' s nice talking to you.3) It ' s no good arguing with him.4) It ' s a waste of time going t

23、here now.動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ) 2007 年 09 月 11 日 19:10 北文圖書(shū) 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)1. 在很多動(dòng)詞后都可跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)：Have you finished cleaning the windows窗子擦好了嗎Would you mind shutting the door勞駕把門(mén)關(guān)上行嗎I enjoyed working there.我在那里工作很高興。Our house needs painting. 我們的房子需要油漆。start,能跟這種賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞很多，常見(jiàn)的有： stop, suggest, remember, begin, like, mind,

24、 continue, can ' t help 等。2. 有些動(dòng)詞可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)也可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，意思上沒(méi)有太大差別，如：Do you like playing chess 你喜歡下棋嗎t(yī)o playThey began talking about something else. 他們開(kāi)始談別的事。to talk有時(shí)兩者在意思上有差別：I remember seeing you somewhere. 記得在哪里見(jiàn)到過(guò)你。Remember to post the letter.記得把信發(fā)掉。3. 動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)的時(shí)候也很多，特別是在某些成語(yǔ)后，如：Are you interest

25、ed in going with us你有興趣和我們一塊兒去嗎He is fond of playing tennis.他很喜歡打網(wǎng)球。I'm thinking of going to Hangchow.我在考慮到杭州去一趟。Thank you for coming. 謝謝你來(lái)。4. 動(dòng)名詞還可和某些介詞一道用作狀語(yǔ)等：After playing chess, we watched TV.下過(guò)棋之后我們看電視。Give me a phone call before leaving home.離家前給我打個(gè)電話。I'm all for going by bus.我完全贊成坐公共汽

26、車(chē)去。Exercises:1. 在下面句子中作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞 ( 短語(yǔ) ) 下劃線：1) He enjoys teaching.2) She kept talking.3) She disliked my working late.4) Forgive my ringing up so early.5) I remember telling her about you.6) She liked reading short stories.7) Then we stopped talking.8) Would you mind telling her about it9) He admitted

27、taking the money.10) They began talking about their school days.2. 在下面用作介詞賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞下劃線：1) I don ' t feel like eating anything now.2) I ' ve got used to working at night.3) I ' m proud of having a friend like you.4) She was keen on coming to Chine.6) My sister is fond of reading picture book

28、s.3. 在下面句子中的介詞短語(yǔ)下劃線：1) We can ' t live without eating.2) They were surprised at your doing that.3) Since returning from Xi' an, I was awfully busy.4) She left without saying good-bye to us.5) What have you been doing besides writing the book6) He was praised for working so hard. 現(xiàn)在分詞的句法作用 20

29、07 年 09 月 11 日 19:10 北文圖書(shū)現(xiàn)在分詞的句法作用1. 現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞同形，在句中可構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)( 參閱時(shí)態(tài)各節(jié) ) ：It is raining hard.雨下得很大。 ( 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) )He was writing a letter.他在寫(xiě)信。 ( 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) )What have you been doing 你在干什么 ( 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) )2. 除了構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)外，現(xiàn)在分詞還可：1) 用作表語(yǔ)：The story is very interesting.這故事很有趣。The day was so charming. 天氣十分怡人。2) 用作定語(yǔ)：China is

30、a developing country.中國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。The house is a charming museum now.這房子現(xiàn)在是一座迷人的博物館。3) 用作狀語(yǔ)：Let ' s go fishing. 咱們釣魚(yú)去吧。4) 用來(lái)構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：We saw a girl running towards us. 我們看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女孩向我們跑來(lái)。I heard someone knocking at the door. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人敲門(mén)。3. 有不少現(xiàn)在分詞可用作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)的特征：The water was quite refreshing. 水使人清新。One of the

31、boys is missing. 有一個(gè)男孩不見(jiàn)了?！?That ' s amazing, ” Jack said. “這太使人吃驚了， ”杰克說(shuō)。The film was very amusing. 這部電影很有趣。interesting,能這樣用的分詞很多， 如 amusing, charming, discouraging, exciting,丄/、'!、inviting, missing, amazing, shocking, surprising 等。Exercises:1. 在下面句子中的分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)下劃線，并說(shuō)出它們?cè)诰渲械淖饔茫?) Do you see th

32、e man walking down the street ( )2) I see him passing my house every day. ( )3) I went shopping this morning. ( )4) A boy came running out of the house. ( )5) He found the boys stealing his apples. ( )6) He fired, wounding one of the wolves. ( )7) The teacher told us an amusing story. ( )8) Who know

33、s the missing word in this sentence ( )9) We saw some peasants working in the fields. ( )10) I don ' t like to see singing birds in cages. ( )11) We went boating on the lake. ( )12) He said he had seen a flying saucer. ( )2. 在下面句子中作表語(yǔ)的分詞下劃線：1) The weather was charming.2) The story was quite amus

34、ing.3) Skiing is more exciting than skating.4) Her photograph was missing.5) Such views are shocking to me.6) The matter is pressing.7) The old man ' s views are shocking.8) These reports are confusing.9) What he said was rather disappointing.10) Some of the letters are exciting. 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ) 2007

35、 年 09 月 11 日 19:10 北文圖書(shū)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)1. 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)很多，有時(shí)單獨(dú)作定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾的詞前面：He is a promising young man.他時(shí)一個(gè)有培養(yǎng)前途的青年。It is a fascinating city.這是一座迷人的城市。Wisconsin is the leading dairy state.威斯康星乳牛產(chǎn)品領(lǐng)先各州。They are visiting in a neighbouring town.他們?cè)谂R近一座城市訪問(wèn)。2. 也可引起一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，放在所修飾的詞后面：There is someone knocking at the d

36、oor.有人在敲門(mén)。I know a man working in that factory.我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)在那家工廠干活的人。The girl sitting beside me is my cousin.坐在我旁邊的姑娘是我的表妹。Do you know the man talking to her和她說(shuō)話的男子你認(rèn)識(shí)嗎3. 現(xiàn)在分詞也有時(shí)可用作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)，表示：1) 同時(shí)發(fā)生的另一動(dòng)作：A boy came running in. 一個(gè)男孩跑進(jìn)屋來(lái)。I went shopping with mother in town.我和媽媽一道進(jìn)城買(mǎi)東西。Following Tom, they st

37、arted to climb. 他們跟著湯姆往上爬。2) 原因：Not knowing the way, he couldn' t go there. 由于不知道路，他無(wú)法到那里去。Being excited, she couldn' t go to sleep.因?yàn)榧?dòng)她睡不著。3) 時(shí)間：Hearing the news, we jumped with joy.聽(tīng)到這消息時(shí)我們高興得跳了起來(lái)。Turning around, he saw a tiger running up.他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身時(shí)看到一只老虎跑了過(guò)來(lái)。有時(shí)和 when 或 while 連用：They got engag

38、ed when traveling in Europe.他們?cè)跉W洲旅游時(shí)訂了婚。His fingers trembled while doing so.他這樣做時(shí)手指顫抖了一下。Exercises:1. 在下面句子中作定語(yǔ)的分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)下劃線：1) He is a promising young man.2) It is a fascinating city.3) He was one of the leading composers of the time.4) Who is the girl standing on her hands5) They built a road leadin

39、g to the village.6) Who knows the missing words in the sentence7) My aunt told us an amusing story.8) In our village live 350 families belonging to three nationalities.9) There is a car waiting at the door.10) Don ' t wake the sleeping child.2. 在下面句子中由分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)表示的狀語(yǔ)下劃線：1) Traveling by jeep, we vis

40、ited a number of cities.2) We couldn ' t help them, being so poor ourselves.3) Coming down the mountain, we met Jim on the way.4) We spent a lot of money rebuilding the house.5) He worked the whole afternoon trying to repair the car.6) Not knowing the language, he couldn' t get a job.7) The

41、manager came towards us smiling.8) Having failed twice, they didn' t want to try again.9) Being a student, she was naturally interested in museums.10) Turning around, she saw a man following her.11) When leaving the airport, they waved to us again and again.12) While staying there, I learnt a lo

42、t from them. 現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 2007 年 09 月 11 日 19:10 北文圖書(shū)現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)1. 不少動(dòng)詞可用現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：I saw Tom waving to me. 我看見(jiàn)湯姆向我揮手。他聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人敲門(mén)。如：I often heard her singing this song.sing3. 這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可用于被動(dòng)形式：He was often seen working in the fields.She was once heard singing this song.4. 介詞后間或也跟這種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：She listened to him playi

43、ng the piano.He looked at the children playing under the tree.Exercises:我常聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她唱這首歌。人們常?？匆?jiàn)他在地里干活。有一次人們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她唱這支歌。她聽(tīng)他彈鋼琴。他看孩子們?cè)跇?shù)下玩耍。He heard someone knocking at the door.I am sorry to keep you waiting.對(duì)不起讓你久等了。We found a tree lying across the road.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)一棵樹(shù)攔在馬路中間。這些都可作為句型來(lái)記，如hear somebody doing something, s

44、ee somebody doingsomething ，還有 keep, notice, find, leave等動(dòng)詞可跟這樣的賓語(yǔ)。2. 在 see, hear, notice這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞后，有時(shí)可跟兩種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，一種由現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成，一種由不帶 to 的不定式構(gòu)成：We saw a man standing there. 我們看見(jiàn)一個(gè)男子站在那里。We saw a man leave the house.我們看見(jiàn)一個(gè)男子離開(kāi)了那座房子。前者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，后者表示動(dòng)作業(yè)已完成，有時(shí)兩種結(jié)構(gòu)差別不大，可以換用，1. 在下面句子中的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)下劃線：1) I watched the children

45、 dancing in the garden.3) He felt the house shaking.4) Do you smell something burning5) I am sorry to keep you waiting.6) His question set us all thinking.7) I noticed someone standing at the door.8) My uncle caught the children stealing his apples.9) I ' ll have you all speaking English well wi

46、thin a year.10) He found them playing basketball.11) I have been kept waiting for two hours.12) Voices were heard calling for help.2. 在介詞后的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)下劃線：1) Just look at the rain pouring down!2) We listened to the band playing in the park.3) She wanted to leave the house without anyone seeing her.4) I shou

47、ld thank you instead of you thanking me.5) This story is about a girl sailing across the Atlantic alone.6) With so many people supporting us, we are sure to succeed.7) I couldn ' t leave the house without anyone seeing me.8) He was like an old tree blossoming again. 過(guò)去分詞的句法作用 2007 年 09 月 11 日 19

48、:10 北文圖書(shū)過(guò)去分詞的句法作用1. 過(guò)去分詞在句子中的作用大致與現(xiàn)在分詞相似，也可以用作：1) 表語(yǔ)：The glass is broken. 玻璃杯破了。2) 定語(yǔ)：He has a sister called Julia.他有個(gè)妹妹叫朱莉婭。3) 狀語(yǔ)：Greatly interested, they asked many question. 他們大感興趣問(wèn)了許多問(wèn)題。 也可構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：I ' ll have my hair cut tomorrow.我明天理發(fā)。過(guò)去分詞多有被動(dòng)意思：I found the mirror broken. (The mirror was bro

49、ken.)2. 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)很多，多和 be 構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ) (a) ，也可和其他系動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ) (b) ：a. She is never bored. 她從不感到厭煩。The machine is broken. 機(jī)器壞了。I was very frightened.我很害怕。She was tired from the flight.她坐飛機(jī)坐累了。b. They got married last week.他們上星期結(jié)婚的。She looked disappointed.她顯得很失望。He felt rather tired.他感到相當(dāng)累。Tom seemed deligh

50、ted at the idea.湯姆聽(tīng)了這想法似乎很高興。Exercises:1. 在下面句子中的過(guò)去分詞下劃線，并說(shuō)明它們的作用：1) Is the room furnished ( )2) She entered, accompanied by her daughter. ( )3) These are stolen goods. ( )4) They got married last year. ( )5) He was wounded in the leg. ( )6) Did you ever hear the song sung in Italian ( )7) She had a

51、 worried look on her face. ( )8) He didn ' t notice the surprised look on her face. ( )9) She watched the child carried out of the room. ( )10) Is there anything planned for tonight ( )2. 在下面句子中作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞下劃線：1) Don ' t get excited.2) They felt insulted.3) The door remained locked.4) She looked

52、 disappointed.5) They got engaged last winter.6) Soon I grew dissatisfied with the work.7) She seemed embarrassed by the question.8) He was terribly upset.9) She became annoyed with the children.10) The shoe string came untied. 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ) 2007 年 09 月 11 日 19:10 北文圖書(shū)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)引起的短語(yǔ)1. 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的時(shí)候也不少，單獨(dú)

53、一個(gè)詞多放在所修飾詞的前面 (a) 都放在所修飾的詞后面 (b) ：I ' ll have fried eggs. 我要煎雞蛋。Do you like smoked fish 你喜歡熏魚(yú)嗎b. Is there anything planned for tonight 今晚有什么計(jì)劃的活動(dòng)嗎What' s the language spoken there那里講什么語(yǔ)言A girl dressed in blue came into the room. 一個(gè)穿藍(lán)色衣服的姑娘走了進(jìn)來(lái)。 有時(shí)單獨(dú)的過(guò)去分詞也可放在所修飾詞的后面：We still have some bread l

54、eft. 我們還剩一些面包。 過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)構(gòu)成合成詞作定語(yǔ)：a well-known musician 著名的音樂(lè)家heartfelt thanks 由衷的感激2. 過(guò)去分詞可以作狀語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景 (a) ，原因 (b) ，時(shí)間 (c) 或假設(shè)情況 (d) ：a. Built in 1192, the bridge is over 800 years old. 這座橋是 1192 年修的，已有 800 多年的歷史了。Depressed, she went to see her mother. 她情緒低落，跑去找她母親。b. Born into a peasant family, he

55、had only two years of schooling. 由于出生農(nóng) 民家庭，他只上了兩年的學(xué)。c. Seen from the hill (=whe n it is see n),the tow n looks magni fice nt.從山上看，這座城市非常美。d. Compared with you, we still have a long way to go.和你們相比，我們還有很大差距。Exercises:1. 在下面句子作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞或過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)下劃線：1) This is an unexpected development.2) It is also called

56、The Unfinished Symphony3) Whose are the reserved seats4) England and Scotland united to become the United Kingdom.5) The play put on by the students was a great success.6) The experience gained will be of great value to us.7) Her father is a retired professor.8) The company was run by some returned

57、students.9) We held a party to welcome the newly married couple.10) What do you think of the plan put forward by Professor Johnson2. 在下面句子作狀語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞或過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)下劃線：1) Guided by these principles, he worked for ten years.2) He returned to Shanghai, disguised as a merchant.3) “ You' re right! ” she said, pleased.4) Mr. Cooper, deeply moved, thanked them again and again.5) She wen