江蘇省新沂市第二中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)Unit2Language學(xué)案(無(wú)答案)牛津譯林版必修3

1、Unit 2 Language單元視窗Wordlist 2be made up of由組成,由構(gòu)成 vocabulary vkbjulri n.詞匯 nowadays naudeiz adv.現(xiàn)今,現(xiàn)在* Celtic keltik n.凱爾特語(yǔ) Germanic d: mnik adj.日爾曼民族的 mainland meinlnd n.大陸 *Angel gln. 盎格魯人*Saxon sksn n. 撒克遜人occupy kjupai vt.占,占用,占領(lǐng)；使忙碌,使從事 consist knsist vi組成,構(gòu)成 consist of由.組成,由構(gòu)成 mixture mikst n.

2、混合；混合物name after 以命名asidesaidad.除之外,在旁邊 aside from 除之外* Viking vaiki n.維京人.北歐海盜 official fil adj.官方的,正式的phrase freiz n.詞組,短語(yǔ)contributionkntribju:n n.貢獻(xiàn),促成因素；捐款*Norman nmn n.諾曼人 adj.諾曼的;諾曼人的 defeat difi:t vt.擊敗,戰(zhàn)勝take control of控制,取得對(duì)的控制 * the Norman Conquest kkwest 諾曼征服（諾曼人對(duì)英格蘭人的軍事征服）lead to 導(dǎo)致repla

3、ce ri(:)pleis vt替換,代替,取代 entire intai a.全部的,整個(gè)的servant s:vnt n.仆人raise reiz vt.養(yǎng)育,培養(yǎng),舉起,增加,提高,籌募,提及therefore ef: ad.因此,所以mutton mtn n.羊肉 bacon beikn n.熏豬肉,咸豬肉* plural plurl adj.復(fù)數(shù)的 high-class adj.上層社會(huì)的mother tongue母語(yǔ),本國(guó)語(yǔ) * the Renaissance rineisns n.(歐洲) 文藝復(fù)興*Latin ltin adj. 拉丁語(yǔ)的 n. 拉丁語(yǔ)Greek gri:k a

4、dj. 希臘語(yǔ)的,希臘人的,希臘的n. 希臘語(yǔ),希臘人processpruses n. 過(guò)程；進(jìn)程distinction distikn n.差別;區(qū)別spelling speli n.拼寫(xiě),拼法accent ksnt n.口音,腔調(diào),著重點(diǎn)concern kns:n n.關(guān)切；憂慮 vt.涉及；使擔(dān)心,對(duì)感興趣 ban bnvt. & n.禁止,取締,禁令 pure pju adj. 純的,純潔的,純粹的unique ju:ni:k a. 獨(dú)特的；極不尋常的 access kses vt. 進(jìn)入,使用n. 通道, （使用的）機(jī)會(huì),權(quán)利 character krikt n. (書(shū)寫(xiě)或印刷)文字

5、,角色;符號(hào),性格 bark b:k vi.(狗等)吠,叫n.吠聲r(shí)acial reil adj.種族的gentle dentl a.溫柔的；平和的 embarrass imbrs vt.使難堪,使尷尬 backwards bkwdz ad.向后 a.向反方向的 conclusion knklu:n n.結(jié)論,推論custom kstm n.習(xí)慣,風(fēng)俗,慣例 interrupt intrpt v.打斷,插嘴,暫停mistaken misteikn adj. 錯(cuò)誤的,誤解的ought :t to modal v. 應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該 differ vi.相異,有區(qū)別 differ from和不同,不同于

6、 alphabet lfbet n.字母表,全部字母stand for 代表,象征deed di:d n.行為,行動(dòng)writing raiti n.文字,文學(xué)作品hunt hntn. & v.打獵;獵殺,搜尋appearance pirns n. 出現(xiàn)；外觀,外貌 represent reprizent vt.代表；展示,描繪 drawingdr:i n.繪畫(huà);繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)simplify simplifai t. 簡(jiǎn)化as a whole 作為整體,總體上combine kmbain t. & i.組合, (使)聯(lián)合distinguish distigwi vt.區(qū)分,辨別；使具有某種特征 in

7、dicate indikeit vt. 顯示,表示,象征,暗示shortcoming :tkmi n.短處,缺點(diǎn)ink ik n.墨水,油墨eyesight aisait n.視力presspres v. （被）壓；擠,推,施加壓力n. 報(bào)刊,新聞界；出版(通訊)社 wire wai n.金屬絲,鐵絲網(wǎng)convenientknvi:nint a.方便的 battle btl n.戰(zhàn)役(斗)pattern ptn n. 圖案,花紋,模式；方式 drag drg vt.拖,拉practical prktikl a.實(shí)用的；(切實(shí))可行的thus s ad.如此,以此方式；因此,從而typewrit

8、er taiprait n.打字機(jī)version v:n n.版本把你沒(méi)有記牢的挑出來(lái)，好好滴記住哦！ 本資料來(lái)自于資源最齊全的世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)English and its historyFocus All through history, people from many different countries and cultures have lived together in Britain. The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain. That

9、 is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people. Old EnglishOld English is very different from the English we speak nowadays. In fact, we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today. Before the middle of the 5th century, people in Britain all spoke a language called Celti

10、c. Then two Germanic groups from the European mainlandthe Angles and the Saxonsoccupied Britain. Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages. (Both the English language and the English people are named after the Angles; the word Angle was spelt Engle in Old English.) Aside from place names

11、 such as London, very few Celtic words became part of Old English. At the end of the 9th century, the Vikings, people from Northern European countries such as Denmark and Norway, began to move to Britain. They brought with them their languages, which also mixed with Old English. By the 10th century,

12、 Old English had become the official language of England. When we speak English today, we sometimes feel puzzled about which words or phrases to use. This is because English has many words and phrases from different languages, but with similar meanings. For example, the word sick came from a word on

13、ce used by the Angles and the Saxons, while ill came from a word once used by the Norwegians. Middle EnglishMiddle English is the name given to the English used from around the 12th to the 15th centuries. Many things played a part in the development of this new type of English. The most important co

14、ntribution was from the Normans, a French-speaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066. However, the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxons victory about 600 years earlier, which led to Old English replacing Celtic. Even though the

15、 Normans spoke French for the entire 250 years they ruled England, French did not replace English as the first language. On the other hand, the English language did borrow many words from French. This resulted in even more words with similar meanings, such as answer (from Old English) and reply (fro

16、m Old French). It is interesting to learn how the words for animals and meat developed. After the Norman Conquest, many English people worked as servants who raised animals. Therefore, the words we use for most animals raised for food, such as cow, sheep and pig, came from Old English. However, the

17、words for the meat of these animals, which was served to the Normans, came from Old French: beef, mutton, pork and bacon. Old French made other contributions to Middle English as well. In Old English, the Germanic way of making words plural was used. For example, they said housen instead of houses,

18、and shoen instead of shoes. After the Normans took control, they began using the French way of making plurals, adding an -s to house and shoe. Only a few words kept their Germanic plural forms, such as man/ men and child/ children. After the Norman Conquest, high-class people spoke French while comm

19、on people spoke English. However, by the latter half of the 14th century, English had come into widespread use among all classes in England. In 1399, Henry IV became King of England. His mother tongue was English, and he used English for all official events.Modern EnglishModern English appeared duri

20、ng the Renaissance in the 16th century. Because of this, Modern English includes many Latin and Greek words. Pronunciation also went through huge changes during this period. Of course, this was not the end of the changes in the English language. The question of whether English will keep on changing

21、in the future is easy to answer. It is certain that this process will continue, and people will keep inventing new words and new ways of saying things.1. occupy 2. consist 3. contributionFirst period Listen and learn: Listen to the wordlist and try to learn the words and phrases by heart.Step 1: Ste

22、p 2: Personal showTask 1: Give the following words Chinese meaningoccupy vt.consist vi name aftercontribution n. defeat vt.take control of lead toreplace vt raise vt.embarrass vt. concern n. vt. differ from stand forappearance n. simplify t.as a whole shortcoming n.version n. Task 2: Translate the f

23、ollowing wordsn. 過(guò)程；進(jìn)程n.差別；區(qū)別 adj. 純的,純潔的,純粹的a. 獨(dú)特的；極不尋常的 vt. 進(jìn)入,使用n. 通道, （使用的）機(jī)會(huì),權(quán)利a.溫柔的；平和的 n. (書(shū)寫(xiě)或印刷)文字,角色;符號(hào),性格 n.結(jié)論,推論 n.習(xí)慣,風(fēng)俗,慣例adj. 錯(cuò)誤的,誤解的 vt.代表；展示,描繪t. & i.組合, (使)聯(lián)合 vt. 顯示,表示,象征,暗示a. 方便的 a.實(shí)用的；(切實(shí))可行的ad.因此,所以 Step 3: Text reading Listen to the text and then finish the following sentencesTa

24、sk 1: Fill in the blanks according to the text1. That is why English has so many difficult rules _(讓人迷惑的). 2. Old English _ (包含) a mixture of their languages. 3. _ (除了) place names such as London, very few Celtic words _ (成為的部分) Old English. 4. When we speak English today, we sometimes _ (感到迷惑) whic

25、h words or phrases to use. 5. Many things _ (起到作用) the development of this new type of English.6. _(盡管) the Normans spoke French for the entire 250 years they ruled England, French did not _ English _ (取代作為) the first language. 7. Old French _ other _(對(duì)產(chǎn)生了促進(jìn)作用) Middle English as well. 8. _ (可以肯定的是)

26、that this process will continue, and people will keep inventing new words and new ways of saying things. Task 2: Task-based reading閱讀課文, 完成下表。注意：一空一詞PeriodsTimeRelevant 1. _Old EnglishBefore the middle of the 5th centuryPeople in Britain all spoke a language called CelticAt the end of the 9th centur

27、yAs the Vikings invaded Britain and brought their languages, old English was 3. _.By the 10th centuryOld English was the official language of England. The language was 4. _up of an Anglo-Saxon base plus words from the languages of Denmark and Norway.Middle EnglishIn 1066The Normans conquered England

28、 and 5._ the country.During 250 yearsFrench had an 6. _ on English.By the latter half of the 14th centuryEnglish was 7. _ by all classes in England.In 1399Henry IV used English for all official 8. _.Modern EnglishDuring the Renaissance in the 16th centuryPronunciation 9. _ huge changes.2. _People wi

29、ll keep inventing new words and new ways of 10. _ things Homework: 1. Read the text 2. Try to recite the sentences in step 3-Task 1Second period Step 1: Personal show Write down the words according to the definition 1. difficult to understand; puzzling 2. be made up of3. cause something to exist 4.

30、take the place of5. make (sth) easy to do or understand; make simple 6. live in or have possession of7. help to cause sth8. difference or contrast between one person or thing and another9. join or mix together to form a whole10. show sth, especially by pointing11. fitting in well with peoples needs

31、or plans; giving no trouble or difficulty; suitable12. suitable for the purpose for which it was made; useful Step 2: Language focus1. occupy vt.占據(jù),充滿(mǎn)(時(shí)間,空間,某人的頭腦等);(軍事)占領(lǐng)(國(guó)家,陣地等);占用;占有(房屋,土地等)知識(shí)探究：His speech occupied only 3 minutes. 他的演講僅占用了三分鐘。A bed occupied the corner of the room. 一張床占據(jù)了房間的一角。The

32、 army occupied the enemys capital. 軍隊(duì)占領(lǐng)了敵人的首都。The family has occupied the farm for many years. 這家人占用這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)已經(jīng)多年了。They occupy the house next door. 他們住在隔壁。How does he occupy himself now that he is retired? 既然他退休了,他在忙些什么呢？The workers were occupied in building new houses. 工人們正在忙碌著蓋新房子。 He occupies an impor

33、tant position in the Ministry of Education.他在教育部充任要職。She is occupied in writing a novel. 她忙于寫(xiě)小說(shuō)。 He occupied himself with various social activities. 他終日從事各種社交活動(dòng)。歸納整理：題練落實(shí)：1. _ reading history books, he even didnt notice me coming.A. Occupied with B. Occupying with C. Occupied in D. Occupying in 2. _

34、 himself _ the project, he had no time to go back home. A. Occupied; with B. Occupying; with C. Occupied; in D. Occupying; in3. When I arrived I saw the place was already _ by two strangers in uniforms. A. occupied B. conquered C. possessed D. owned4. Im afraid that Miss Liu cant help teach you how

35、to send an e-mail, for she is _ herself in typing a report for the boss. A. devoting B. occupying C. putting D. finding聯(lián)想拓寬：他在忙于寫(xiě)一本小說(shuō)。He was occupied with a novel / in writing a novel. = He occupied himself with a novel / in writing a novel.忙于，專(zhuān)心于 Occupy oneself in doing sth. / with sth.= be occupie

36、d in doing sth. / with sth.= be busy in doing sth. / with sth.= be absorbed in doing sth.Occupation (n.)(1) Teaching is my occupation. 職業(yè)，專(zhuān)業(yè)= I am a teacher by occupation.(2) No one is yet in occupation of the house. 占有Occupied (adj.) 在使用中，已占有，不空閑(1) 占用：占用（時(shí)間或空間）： a lecture that occupied three hours

37、. 長(zhǎng)達(dá)三個(gè)小時(shí)的講座 (2) 居住：在居住或長(zhǎng)期居住 (3) 占有：占有或位居（辦公室或職位） (4) 占據(jù)：通過(guò)征服手段或相似手段獲得并保持對(duì)其控制 (5) 忙于：從事、雇傭或（自己）忙于： occupy himself with sculpting. 他自己忙于雕刻lose ones occupation 失業(yè)have no fixed occupation 無(wú)固定職業(yè)be occupied with / in 從事/ 專(zhuān)心與；忙于2. consist 知識(shí)探究：This club consists of more than 200 members. 這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部由200多位會(huì)員組成。 T

38、he beauty of Venice consists in the style of its ancient buildings.威尼斯之美在于其古建筑風(fēng)格。 His actions do not consist with his words.他言行不一。歸納整理：題練落實(shí)：1. Our class _ fifty-five students at that time. A. consisted of B. was consisted of C. made up of D. was consisting of 2. As we know, a chess set _ 32 chessmen

39、. A. consists in B. consists of C. is consisted in D. is consisted of 3. The mall _ of eight kilometers of tunnels, _ with shops, art galleries and even a water park. A. consisted; fills B. consists; filled C. consisting; filling D. consists; is filled聯(lián)想拓寬：consist of一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí),且只能用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài); be made up of只

40、用被動(dòng)形式。易混辨異consist of, make up, be made up of 這三個(gè)詞都有“組成”的意思,但在用法上有所不同:(1)consist of表示“由組成”的意思，不使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),相當(dāng)于include的意思。(2)make up表示“組成”,為主動(dòng)形式,表示“部分組成一個(gè)整體”的意思。另外make up還有“化妝;編造;占(比例);彌補(bǔ)”等意思。(3)be made up of表示“由組成”,這里為被動(dòng)形式,表示“一個(gè)整體由幾個(gè)部分組成”的意思。This club consists of more than 200 members.=This club is made u

41、p of more than 200 members.=More than 200 members make up this club. 這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部由200多名成員組成。3. contribute 知識(shí)探究：Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸煙會(huì)導(dǎo)致肺癌嗎? Your suggestion has greatly contributed to the accomplishment of our work. 你的建議大大促進(jìn)了我們工作的完成。 He contributed a large sum of money to the hospital.他

42、向醫(yī)院捐了一大筆錢(qián)。 He made an outstanding contribution to science. 他為科學(xué)作出了卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。歸納整理：題練落實(shí)：1. Would you like to _ the hospital rebuilding fund? A. make a contribution to B. contribute C. donate D. give away 2. He _ it his spare time as well as his spare money. A. gave away B. devoted to C. contributed with D

43、. donated for3. Science and technology have _ in important ways to the improvement of agricultural production. A. attached B. assisted C. contributed D. witnessed4. Eating too much fat _ heart trouble and causes high blood pressure. A. attended to B. adopts to C. contributes to D. relates to 5. Some

44、 blood types are quite common, others are regionally _, and still others are rare everywhere.A. distributed B. contributed C. obtainedD. convincedcontribution 1. He was honored in a number of ways for his contributions _ the film industry. A. to B. from C. of D. with 2. He often _ essays to the maga

45、zine. A. affords B. passes C. puts D. contributes 聯(lián)想拓寬：contribute to中to為介詞,后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。make contributions to對(duì)做出貢獻(xiàn) contribute vt. &.vi.貢獻(xiàn);捐贈(zèng);增加;投稿 contribute sth. to sth.貢獻(xiàn)給，捐獻(xiàn)給; 給投稿 contribute sth.貢獻(xiàn)，捐獻(xiàn)contribute to sth.有助于，促成 The little girl contributed ten pounds to the charity. 這個(gè)小女孩捐了10鎊給慈善事業(yè)

46、。Third period Reading strategies: reading a history articleThis text is a typical history article. When you read a history article, you will notice dates and years in the text, e.g., the 5th century, 1066. Recognizing these details will help you understand the order of events and how pieces of infor

47、mation relate to the rest of the text. Next time you read a history article, it is a good idea to make a time chart, listing important information such as times, places and events in the article. 2010年重慶C篇It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers(生產(chǎn)商) follow certain uniform standards for v

48、arious features(特征) of clothes. What seems strange, however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clothes button. Mens clothes tend to button from the right, and womens from the left. Considering most of the words population-men and w

49、omen-are right-handed, the mens standard would appear to make more sense for women. So why do womens clothes button from the left?History really seems to matter here. Buttons first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the 17th century, when rich women were dressed by servants. For the mostly

50、right-handed servants, having womens shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hand, having mens shirts button from the right made sense, too. Most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hand would be less likely to get caught in the shirt. Today women

51、 are seldom dressed by servants, but buttoning from the left is still the standard for them. Is it interesting? Actually, a standard, once set, resists change. At a time when all womens shirts buttoned form the left, it would have been risky for any single manufacturer to offer womens shirts that bu

52、ttoned from the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have to develop new habits and skills to switch. Besides, some women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who notic

53、ed that would believe they were wearing mens shirts. 64. What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?A. It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years. B. It is different for mens clothing and womens. C. It woks better with men than with women. D. It fails to consider rig

54、ht-handed people. 65. What do we know about the rich men in the 17th century?A. They tended to wear clothes without buttons. B. They were interested in the historical matters. C. They were mostly dressed by servants. D. They drew their swords from the left. 66. Womens clothes still button from the left today because _. A. adopting mens style is improper for womenB. manufacturers should follow standardsC. modern women dress themselvesD.