高三英語復(fù)習(xí)：提升詞匯量的利器--高中英語構(gòu)詞法課件-

1、構(gòu)詞法 為什么要學(xué)習(xí)構(gòu)詞法？它又包括哪些呢？ 1.disclose ones secret2. Microblog3. Its all floating cloud.4.envious, jealous and hateful .猜猜看最時髦的網(wǎng)絡(luò)流行語之派生法神馬都是浮云微博 吐槽 前綴:一般只改變詞義,不改變詞類后綴:一般只改變詞類,不引起詞義變化羨慕嫉妒恨 5.time-travel TV drama6.group purchasing7. daddy-is-the-key 8. leftover ladies 猜猜看最時髦的網(wǎng)絡(luò)流行語之合成法拼爹 穿越劇 團(tuán)購 剩女 把兩個或兩個以上的

2、詞合成一個新詞, 這種構(gòu)詞的方法叫做合成法 1. 直接寫在一起。2. 用連字符(-)連接。猜猜看最時髦的網(wǎng)絡(luò)流行語之轉(zhuǎn)化法9.被雷倒(到)了 in shock /shock sb10.淡定 keep calm /calm down轉(zhuǎn)化法：不添加任何成分, 不改變詞形, 把一個詞由一種詞類轉(zhuǎn)用為另一種詞類的方法叫轉(zhuǎn)化法。構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法：合成(Compounding) 派生法（Derivation） 【前綴/后綴】轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion） 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】合成（compounding）合成法：合成名詞合成形容詞構(gòu)詞方式例詞blood-test驗血，she-wolf母狼handwriting, ma

3、chine-building機(jī)械制造freeway, shorthand速記freezing-point, reading roomwashroom, pickpocket扒手breakthrough突破，get-together聚會outbreak爆發(fā)，downfall垮臺名詞/代詞+名詞名詞+動名詞形容詞+名詞動名詞+名詞動詞+名詞動詞+副詞副詞+動詞2.合成形容詞構(gòu)成方式例詞noble-minded, three-leggedgood-looking, fine-sounding動聽的high-class高級的，large-scale大規(guī)模的duty-free免稅的，airsick暈機(jī)的

4、形容詞/數(shù)詞+名詞+ed形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞+名詞名詞+形容詞peace-loving, English-speakingman-made, snow-coveredhard-working, far-reaching深遠(yuǎn)的well-known, widespread廣泛流傳的four-day四天的, five-year名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞名詞+過去分詞副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞副詞+過去分詞數(shù)詞+名詞派生法（Derivation）-詞綴法1. 前綴prefixes:Pre-pre-reading, preview, precautionRe-rewrite, reconsider, reuse（前）(重新)

5、dis- （不）disagree , dislike , disappearmisunderstand, misleadmis （錯誤或失當(dāng)）miniskirt, minibussupermarket, supermansuper- （超級）mini-（微小）in/im- （不）incorrect impossibleforetell, forecastpost(之后)postwar, post-readingfore-(前，預(yù)先)semicircle, semi-finalsemi-(半，部分)antiwar, antibody(抗體)anti- (阻止，抗)underground, und

6、erlineunder- （在下， 在中）后綴（Suffixes） 后綴是加在詞根或單詞后面的部分。后綴分為四種： 1）名詞后綴； 2）形容詞后綴； 3）動詞后綴； 4）副詞后綴1）名詞后綴名詞后綴有許多種，下面略舉數(shù)種為例：表人，物，抽象名詞等 -er worker(工人) -ist artist(藝術(shù)家) -or tractor(拖拉機(jī)) -hood childhood(童年) -ship friendship(友誼) 2）形容詞后綴 表示一種事物具有或?qū)儆谀撤N性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，表意義“是的”，“似的” -ic atomic(原子的) -ous famous(著名的) -ful powerful

7、(強有力的) -y hilly(多山的)3）動詞后綴 表示“使成為”，“致使”，“做”，“化”，“變成”等，如： -fy glorify(使光榮) -ize modernize(現(xiàn)代化) -en lengthen(延長) -ate discriminate(區(qū)分)4）副詞后綴表示方式、方向、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)等，如：-wise clockwise(順時針方向的)-ways crossways(交叉地)-wards southwards(向南)-ly happily(幸福地)轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion）tasten. 味道v.嘗起來It has a good taste.It tastes very

8、good.record n.記錄v. 記錄He broke the record.He records something while reading a book.correctcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisable disabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilitywrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergraduategraduategraduationn.反義獨立的詞根adj.殘疾的n.不可能的n.反義n.誤解詞根大學(xué)生詞根n.近義反義

9、Words Building 一、請找出下列句中的合成詞, 指出其意義。1. This fully updated book features the latest information about study opportunities.updated最新的 即時練習(xí)2. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279) was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly.short-tempered 急脾氣的3. He is said to be

10、“undersized,” with “short legs” and a “round stomach”.undersized個子小的 4. Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. What does the word “shoplifter” mean? A thief B. A guide in a shop C.

11、the owner of a shop D. A porter (搬運工) shop+lifter shoplifter lifter n. 小偷二、請使用able的正確形式填空。1. Computers _ people to get more information more quickly. 2. He is _ to discriminate colors. He is color-blind.3 .Her lack of experience is a severe_. enable unabledisability4. An accident _ him from playing

12、football. 5. Deaf people and dumb people are _ . 6. I shall be _ to manage without help.disableddisabledable/ unable三、請使用like的正確形式填空。1. I have taken a strong _ of him. 2.She is not _ to come next month. 3. Great minds think_ . 4. How do you _ this book?5. It was very _ that he would do that. dislike/like likelyalikelikeunlikely/likely6. I _ bein