2017屆上海楊浦區(qū)高三英語二模卷含問題詳解

1、實用標準文檔楊浦區(qū)2016學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高三模擬質(zhì)量調(diào)研英語學(xué)科試卷2017.4II .Grammar and VocabularySection AI was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in _21_ 60s. When it was her turn to pay, the cashier greeted her by name and asked her how she was doing.The woman looked down,22(shake ) her head and said:

2、Not so good. My husband justlost his job and my son is up to his old tricks again. The truth is, I don t know how I m going toget through the holidays. ”Then she gave the cashier food stamps.My heart ached.I wanted tohelp but didn t knowhow. (23) I offer to pay for hergroceries or ask for her husban

3、d s resume?As I walked intothe parkinglot, I saw the women (24) (return) her shopping cart.Iremembered something in my purse (25 )I thought could help her. It wasn t a handful of cash or an offer of a job for her husband, but maybe it would make her life better.My heart pounded as I approached the w

4、oman.“Excuse me, I said, my voice trembling a bit. I couldn t help overhearing what you said to the cashier. It sounds like you re going through a really hard time right now. I m so sorry. I dlike to give you something. ”I handed her the small card from my purse.When the woman read the card s only t

5、wo words, she began to cry. And through her tears, she said : You have no idea (26) this means to me. ”I was a little startled by her reply. (27) not do ) anything like this before, I didn t know文案大全實用標準文檔what kind of reaction I might receive. All left for me (28)(say ) was : Oh. Would it be OKto gi

6、ve you a hug? ”2 29) we embraced, I walked back to my car -and began to cry, too.The words on the card?“You Matter. ”A few weeks earlier, a colleague gave me a similar card(30 )encouragement for a projectI was working on. When I read the card, I felt a warm glow spread inside of me. Deeply touched,

7、I came home and ordered my own box of You Matter card and started sharing them.Section BA. technology B. contemporary C. stretched D. hidden E. recognizedF. discovery G. updated H. extensive I. countless J. estimated K. definitionMost of us learn at primary school that there are seven continents, bu

8、t the next generation of kids may be adding one more to that list.According to a recent paper published in the Geological Society of American Journal by agroup of researchers, “Zealandia is a new continent that s 31 beneath the ocean.Zealandia is 32 to be five million sq km. Most of this massive are

9、a is covered by water,but its highest mountains already have their own name: New Zealand.The small country is the only part of Zealandia that isn t underwater, but the paper s authorswant the huge landmass to be 33 worldwide as its own continent.“The scientific value of classifying Zealandia as a co

10、ntinent is much more than just an extra文案大全實用標準文檔name on a list, the researchers wrote in their paper.Scientists discovered Zealandia all the way back in 1995, then started 34 research onthe area using underwater and satellite mapping 35. After completing their work, they werefinally able to write a

11、 report suggesting that Zealandia be named a continent.But who decides on what is a continent and what isn t? There is, in fact, no official organization that does. Some countries schools teach that there are six or even five continents.This changes depending on where in the world school is.Due to t

12、heir _36_ as a continuous expanse of land ” ,some classify Europe and Asia as thesame continent - known as Eurasia. Schools in Russia and parts of Eastern Europe teach this.And to make things even more confusing, France and Greece, as well as other countries, classify North America and South America

13、 as simply America.This argument over how land is defined has even 37 into outer space. In 2006, theInternational Astronomical Union (IAU ) decided that Pluto was no longer a planet, 76 years after its 38 in 1930. Experts argued that it no longer met the requirements needed to be called aplanet alon

14、gside the eight others in our solar system. It was therefore renamed a“ dwarf planet(矮行星)“，meaning that 39 books, models and museum exhibits all over the world had tobe 40.But will the world take the same notice of Zealandia? The best way to tell is to keep an eye on our textbooks.m .Reading Compreh

15、ensionSection AGood news for awkward teenagers around the world. As time goes by, you could 41 up文案大全實用標準文檔like a completely different person.This comes from the longest running personality study ever 42_ by scientist. According toresearchers from the University of Edinburgh in the UK, our personali

16、ty changes so much from youth to old age that most people s personalities in older age are barely 43 compared totheir younger selves.The researchers analyzed results from a study in 1947, which gathered 1,208 teenagers in Scotland aged 14 and asked their teachers to 44 their personalities based on s

17、ixtraits （特征）.Now, more than six decades later, the University of Edinburgh team has managed to contact635 of the 45 students, and 174 agreed to have their personalities tested once more.At an average age of 76.7 years old, the group were asked to 46 themselves on the samesix personality traits, the

18、n pick a close friend or family member to do the same.By 47 the then-and-now test results, the researchers found that there is hardly anyrelationship between traits people had as teenagers and those in their older years.It was “ as if the second tests had been given to 48 people,“ the study s resear

19、cherswrote in their report, which was published in journal Psychology and Aging.The results were a surprise because research in the past found personality 49 in peopletested from childhood to middle-age, and from middle-age to older age.As theteam explained,ourpersonalityappears stable over shortint

20、ervals - 50 sothroughoutadulthood. 51, the longerthe interval between twotests of personality,the52 the relationship between the two tends to be.It s clear that more studies are needed to find out what s going on here. But it could be thefirst 53 that it s not just our cells that are being 54 throug

21、hout life the way we文案大全實用標準文檔think, feel and behave might no be as 55 as we once thought.41. A. holdB. wakeC. endD. cheerA. carried outA. incredibleA. assembleA. alternativeA. scoreA. comparingA. youngA. combinationA. increasinglyA. ThereforeA. strongerA. optionA. replacedB. applied toB. accessible

22、B. assessB. individualB. rateB. reviewingB. similarB. stabilityB. strangelyB. MoreoverclosersignB. exposedC. participated inC. changeableC. assumeC. originalC. commentC. presentingC. amateurC. transformationC. subsequentlyC. HoweverC. furtherC. symptomdividedmade upD. recognizableD. accessD. separat

23、eD. remarkD. observingD. differentD. flexibilityD. obviouslyD. OtherwiseD. weakerD. causeD. cultivated55. A. stuck in mudB. buried in sand C. lost in thought D. set in stoneSection B(A)One way people are responding to food safetyconcernsis by growingtheir ownfood.However, not everyone lives on prope

24、rty with enough space for a private plot. One solution iscommunity gardens, which havebecome popularworldwide, numbering18,000 inNorthAmerica alone. In addition to providing low-cost, delicious food, these public spaces offer cities a文案大全實用標準文檔range of other benefits.Community gardens are located in

25、 a town or city and tended by local residents. Often, the land is on a vacant lot owned by the city. The site is divided into manageable plots, which may be tended by individuals or by the garden s members collectively. Since the land is usually publicly owned, the cost for gardeners to lease it is

26、minimal. In fact, New York City, which is home to more than 750 community gardens tended by more than 20,000 members, charges people just $1 a year to lease a plot. Other costs involve soil, tools, seeds, fencing , and so on. However, because they re shared by many people, individual gardeners pay v

27、ery little.A community garden can quickly pay off, in terms of delicious fruits and vegetables, in addition to beautiful flowers. Excess produce can be sold for a profit at farmers markets. But a garden s benefit don t stop there. They also beautify cities, foster strong relationships among resident

28、s, and lower an area s crime rate. Award-winning spaces like London s Culpeper Community Garden even attract tourists. Beautiful and affordable, community gardens are often described as oases in crowded cities.Community gardens are designed for those who.are concerned about food safetylive in a hous

29、e with a private plotcan t afford to buy organic fooddon t have their own propertyNew York City.is owned by 20,000 individual gardenerscharges residents a lot to lease tools and fencing文案大全實用標準文檔contains more than 750 community gardensis tended by professional gardeners and local residentsWhat s the

30、 benefit of community gardens?People can enjoy safe and delicious vegetables and animal meat.Residents are more familiar and related with each other.The neighborhood is becoming safer but of lower taste.People can make some profits from the visiting tourists.The underlined word “ oases is closest in

31、 meaning to.A. cultural and art centersB. popular platforms for exchangesC. peaceful and safe landsD. commercial and prosperous places(B)African SafariEssential information you need to know before booking your African Safari in Southern AfricaThese tips will enhance the experience that you haveThing

32、s to Consider Before Booking an African SafariBook in AdvanceAfrican Safaris are now hugely popular and good safari camps often get booked out more than ayear in advance, especially during the high season from July through to October. Show more :Choosing which game parkDifferent parks have different

33、 topography and weather patterns this greatly affects animal文案大全實用標準文檔movements at different times of the year. If you want to target certain species of animals, thensome parks are better than others for certain species. Show moreChoosing which lodge or safari campA typical safari camp has between 1

34、0 and 20 beds, it is an intimate safari experience and very personalized. However, there are also hotels in some places, either inside or just outside a national park, which can sleep anything up to 300 people. Show more GuidingThe quality, experience and knowledge of the game at any Safari camp is

35、almost the most important factor to consider. Good guides can transform your experience from ordinary to exceptional. Show more What s the Best Time of Year to go on SafariUnderstandably as the seasons change so does the safari experience. It is highly advisable to findout the best time of year for

36、the safari area that you are intending to visit. Prices will change dramatically between the high and the low season, so good deals are to be had in the low season but it is important to know the difference, as your experience will be vastly different. Show more The PriceGoing on safari is not cheap

37、 whichever way you do it , but the price range can be enormous.Unfortunately, safaris in most cases are a case of“you pay for what you get ” ,Show more Fly-in safari or notUsing small charter planes is sometimes an absolute necessity for camps in remote areas, whereroad transfers are just not practi

38、cal or viable. These flights can increase the overall cost of thesafari substantially but generally they are woth it and allow you the flexibility to visit a variety of文案大全實用標準文檔safari camps in different locations. Show moreUse an AgentAs you can see from all the information and options detailed abo

39、ve, there is great deal to understand and unless you go on safari several times a year it is impossible to know all this stuff.Show more CONTACT US NOW TO HELP PLAN YOUR SAFARIWe are qualified travel agents who know this area intimately!Click on the below buttons for some fantastic safari ideasWhich

40、 is a determining factor in choosing a Safari camp?A. Means of transport.B. Accommodation.C. Weather patterns.D. Game guides.John is planning to have an African Safari in August 2018. He should book it inA. July 2018B. January 2018C. July 2017D. October 2017Which of the following is FALSE about Afri

41、can Safari?You can have a good price but same experience if you travel in low season.If you visit different camps in remote areas, flights may be unavoidable.The more money you pay, the better experience you ll get.Not all the parks have the same species of animals.(C)文案大全實用標準文檔A busy brain can mean

42、 a hungry body. We often seek food after focused mental activity, like preparing for an exam. Researchers think that heavybouts of thinking drain energy from thebrain, whose capacity to store fuel is very limited.So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories（卡路里）to keep going, apparen

43、tlystimulates bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement or calorie consumption, we eat. This process may partly account for the weight gain so commonly seen in college stud

44、ents.Scientists at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and another institutionrecentlyexperimented with exercise to counter such immoderately post - - study food consumption.Gary Hunter, an exercise physiologist at U.A.B., oversaw the study. Hunter notes that tough activity both increases the am

45、ount of blood sugar and lactate（孚 L酸鹽） circulating in theblood and increases blood flow to the head. Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel, researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel-rich blood during exercise could feed an exhausted brain and reduce the urge to overeat.Thirty - -

46、 eight healthy college students were invited to U.A.B. s exercise lab toreport what their favorite pizza was. At a later date, the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes dealing with selections from college and graduate - - school entrance exams. Next, half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes,

47、 before being given pizza. The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill: two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking, repeated five times. Hunter says, that should stimulate the release of sugar and lactate into the bloodstream. These stude

48、nts were then allowed to gorge on pizza,文案大全實用標準文檔 too. But by and large, they did not overeat. In fact, the non-exercisers, however, consumed about 100 calories more.The study has limitations, of course. We only looked at lunch. Hunter says; theresearchers do not know if the runners consumed extra

49、calories at dinner. They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running, although Hunter says they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat, it should also increase blood sugar and lactate, feeding the brain and weakening hunger s call.

50、According to the passage,may cause many college students to overeat and gain weight.a lot of energy-consuming mental activitiesnumerous physical movements or calorie burningfailure to resist the temptation of delicious foodbodily hunger caused by physical growthThe underlined word “counter is closes

51、t in meaning to.A. stimulateB. maximizeC. balance D. preventWhat can be inferred from the passage?Running is more beneficial than walking.Sweating in exercise can make people hungrier.The amount of blood sugar and lactate can affect people s appetite.When the brain feels exhausted, people tend to do

52、 exercise for relaxation.文案大全實用標準文檔Which of the following statements is FALSE?Mental activities can make people feel hungry.Physical exercise can make people refreshed and stay hungry.Sugar and lactate can help energize and restore people s brain.It s uncertain what types of exercise can effectively

53、 feed the brain.Section CDirections : Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below . each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.When something comes from within you ,you always try your best to analyze it in a scientific way .Psycho

54、logists call this private speech language that is spoken loud but directed at yourselfSo words to the self , spoken silently or loud , are so much more than just chatterWe keep the private speech we use as children insidebut we never truly put awaythe out=loud version .According to he well-known say

55、ing , talking to yourself is the first sign of madness.Self-talk is efficient because when we are vocal about our thoughts , it makes a larger impact on our brain.文案大全實用標準文檔Self-talk helps us allTalking to yourself may seem a little shameful . If you ve ever been overheard criticizingyourself for a

56、foolish mistake or practicing a speech , you ll know the social problems it cancause.67But there s no need for embarrassment . T alking to ourselves , whether out loud or silently in our heads, is valuable . Far from being a sign of insanity , self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do , ma

57、nage our activities and control our emotions.For example , take a trip to any preschool and watch a small girl playing with her toys . You are very likely to hear her talking to herself : offering herself directions and talking about her problems.68 We do a lot of it when we are young.As children ,a

58、ccording to the Russian Psychologist Lev Vygotsky , we use private speech to control our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others. As we grow older , we keep this system inside.Psychological experiments have shown that this so-called inner speech can improv

59、e our performance in tasks like telling what other people are thinking . Our words give us an interesting view of our actions . One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we talk to ourselves in the second person : as you rather than I 69 If you want proof , turn to a sports ch

60、annel . You re sure to seean athlete shouting at himself or herself .Talking to ourselves seems to be a very good way of solving problems and working through ideas. Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different place , just文案大全實用標準文檔like a regular dialogue , and might t