Unit 1單元話題閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)-學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)單元重難點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)題精練（人教版2019）

1、Unitl單元話題閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（名校最新真題）(2022湖南師大附中高二期中)Women scientists around the world have made significant contributions to Stem (science, technology, engineering, and maths). Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world.Wu Chienshiung (19121997)Bom in Taicang, Jiangsu province, Wu took part in t

2、he Manhattan Project which helped create the worlds first nuclear weapon. Her famous Wu experiment overturned the theory of parity in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, but Wus critical role in the work was overlooked.Hedy Lamarr (19142000)Austri

3、a-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor. During the second world war, Lamarr together with George Antheil, a composer, developed a radio guidance system. The principle of their work is part of the basis of Bluetoot

4、h and wireless technology.Katherine Johns (19182020)African American NASA mathematician Johnsons calculations were critical in getting the first US astronauts to space and back safely. During her 33-year career at NASA, Katherine earned a reputation for mastering complex calculations and was referre

5、d to as a human computer”.Tu Youyou (1930)Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, Tu shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, for her work in discovering artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria. Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. Tu

6、is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of the PRC to win a Nobel Prize.Besides being an inventor, Hedy Lamarr is also a(n).A. composerB. producerC. actressD. mathematicianWhat is Tu Youyous greatest contribution to the world?A.She treated people for

7、cancer.B.She is the first Chinese Nobel winner.C.Her discovery helped save millions.D.Her research project is one of a kind.What do the four female scientists have in common according to the text?A.They shared the same interest.B.They each constructed a theory.C.They were all awarded the NobelPrize.

8、D.They all made a difference to the world.(2022全國(guó)高二課時(shí)練習(xí))Three scientists who played central roles in the discovery of the hepatitis C virus (丙型肝炎病毒)have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020. This prize will be shared by參考答案：C2. C3. D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主耍介紹了 4名改變世界的女性科學(xué)家。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) H

9、edy Lamarr （19142000）中的“Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor.（奧地利出生的拉瑪出演了許多好萊 塢電影，并取得了巨大的成功。她還非常聰明，是一個(gè)自學(xué)成才的創(chuàng)造家）”可知，除了是一個(gè)創(chuàng)造家，海 蒂拉瑪也是一個(gè)女演員。應(yīng)選C。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Tu Youyou （1930）中的“Her work has saved millions of live

10、s all over the world.（她的工 作拯救了全世界數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的生命）”可知，屠呦呦對(duì)世界最大的貢獻(xiàn)是她的發(fā)現(xiàn)幫助拯救了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人。應(yīng)選 Co.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world.（下面是四位打破界 限、改變世界的人廣可知，這四位女科學(xué)家共同之處是她們都對(duì)世界產(chǎn)生了影響。應(yīng)選D。C5. A6. A7. D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了 2020年諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)近日揭曉，獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呤侨辉诎l(fā)現(xiàn)丙型肝 炎病毒的過(guò)程中做出重大貢獻(xiàn)的科學(xué)家。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句話“

11、Three scientists who played central roles in the discovery of the hepatitis C virus （丙型肝炎病毒）have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020.（三位在發(fā) 現(xiàn)丙型肝炎病毒中發(fā)揮核心作用的科學(xué)家被授予2020年諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)）”可知，三位科學(xué)家的重要 發(fā)現(xiàn)是丙型肝炎病毒。應(yīng)選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句話“In the 1980s, Houghton managed to isolate （別離）the genet

12、ic sequence of the virus, while Rice proved that the pathogen （病原體）could replicate and cause infection. （20 世名己 80年代，Houghton成功別離出了病毒的基因序列，而Rice證明了這種病原體可以復(fù)制并引起感染戶可知， Houghton成功地別離出了丙型肝炎病毒的基因序列。應(yīng)選Ao段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話The Nobel Assembly said the three researchers had contributed to a landmark achievement

13、in the ongoing battle against viral diseases”.（諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)大會(huì)表示，這三位研究人員為“正 在進(jìn)行的抗擊病毒性疾病的斗爭(zhēng)中取得了里程碑式的成就）”以及第三段全文可知，本段主要介紹了諾貝爾 獎(jiǎng)大會(huì)丙型肝炎病毒的發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義。丙型肝炎病毒的發(fā)現(xiàn)使研制新藥成為可能，從而挽救了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的性 命。應(yīng)選A。.詞義猜想題。根據(jù)劃線單詞前一句話The assembly said that the discoveries performed by the newly minted Nobel Laureates also allowed for the rapid dev

14、elopment of antiviral drugs directed at hepatitis C.（大會(huì)說(shuō)，新中選 的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者的發(fā)現(xiàn)也使針對(duì)丙型肝炎的抗病毒藥物得以迅速開展）”以及劃線單詞的前半句話“For the first time in history, the disease can now be cured（歷史上，這種疾病第一次可以治愈）“可知，丙肝可以被治 療，為在全人類中根除丙型肝炎病毒帶來(lái)了希望?？赏茰y(cè)畫線單詞意為“消除”。應(yīng)選D。B9. A10. Bll. C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了 Joan Hinton的生平，不管作為一名核物理專家還是從事牛

15、奶行業(yè)，她 都竭盡全力。句猜想題。根據(jù)第一段劃線單詞后的主句she was de印ly shocked when the U.S. dropped two bombs in Japan in 1945 during World WarlL（但當(dāng)1945年第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，美國(guó)向日本投下兩顆炸彈時(shí)，她感到 深深的震驚。戶以及下一句She then quit the project and left the U.S.（然后她退出了這個(gè)工程，離開了美國(guó)。）” 可知，她對(duì)美國(guó)的行徑感到震驚，也深深愧疚，所以她離開了美國(guó)。而劃線單詞前用了“even”，說(shuō)明劃線 單詞的意思和愧疚相反，也就是說(shuō)對(duì)工程的成

16、功她還是感到高興的。選項(xiàng)AShowed surprise about.（對(duì)感到驚訝）選項(xiàng)BTelt joy at.（對(duì) 感到高興）；選項(xiàng)Expressed anger over.（對(duì) 憤怒）”;選項(xiàng) D“Showed disappointment with （對(duì)感到失望）應(yīng)選 Bo理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“The villagers treated the U.S. scientist like they would be a family member.（村民 們對(duì)待這位美國(guó)科學(xué)家就像對(duì)待自己的家人一樣。廠可推斷，村民們對(duì)她很友善。應(yīng)選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Hinton, who held

17、 high hopes of making milk available to the Chinese population, devoted herself to the improvement of agricultural machinery and the milk industry at large. She applied her scientific skills to developing a continuous-flow automatic milk pasteurizer （巴氏殺菌機(jī)）and tending to about 200 cows in the follow

18、ing years.（Hinton對(duì)向中國(guó)人民提供牛奶寄予厚望，她致力于改進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械和整個(gè)牛奶工 業(yè)。她運(yùn)用自己的科學(xué)技能開發(fā)了一種連續(xù)流動(dòng)的自動(dòng)牛奶巴氏殺菌機(jī)，并在接下來(lái)的幾年里飼養(yǎng)了大約 200頭奶牛。戶可知，她推進(jìn)了奶牛飼養(yǎng)業(yè)的開展。應(yīng)選B。主旨大意題。文章第一段主要介紹了 Joan Hinton作為一名核物理學(xué)家看到美國(guó)向日本投下炸彈之后， 就退出了曼哈頓計(jì)劃，離開了美國(guó)；文章第二段到第四段主要介紹了 JoanHinton在中國(guó)的生活；文章最后 一段對(duì)Joan Hinton進(jìn)行了綜合評(píng)價(jià)。所以，這篇文章主要就是介紹了 Joan Hinton。應(yīng)選C。BADC【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章

19、主要介紹了被譽(yù)為“物理學(xué)第一夫人”及“核物理女王”的物理學(xué)家吳健雄的信息，受 教育經(jīng)歷以及取得的學(xué)術(shù)成就。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Afterlearning that women were disrespected at the University of Michigan, she instead chose to go to the University of California Berkley.（在得知密歇根大學(xué)不尊重女性后，她轉(zhuǎn)而選擇了加 州大學(xué)伯克利分校）”可知，吳健雄選擇在加州大學(xué)伯克利分校學(xué)習(xí)的原因是她希望得到平等對(duì)待。應(yīng)選B。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“During he

20、r earlier life in China, she had been an outstanding student whose love of learning had been encouraged by her father. By the time she arrived in the United States, she had already stood out in her undergraduate academic work and later during post-graduate research. At Berkley, she benefited from wo

21、rking with some of the top physicists in the country at that time.（在中國(guó)的早期生活中，她是一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的學(xué) 生，她對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的熱愛(ài)得到了父親的鼓勵(lì)。當(dāng)她到達(dá)美國(guó)時(shí)，她已經(jīng)在本科學(xué)術(shù)工作中脫穎而出，后來(lái)又在 研究生研究中脫穎而出。在伯克利大學(xué)，她從與當(dāng)時(shí)國(guó)內(nèi)頂尖物理學(xué)家的合作中受益匪淺）可推斷出，吳 健雄學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)很好。應(yīng)選A。.詞句猜想題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“The Wu Experiment smoothed the way fbr her two colleagues to earn the Nobel Prize（吳健雄的實(shí)驗(yàn)為她的

22、兩位同事獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)鋪平了道路）”和下文“because she is a woman（因?yàn)?她是一個(gè)女人）“可知，吳健雄和兩個(gè)同事合作，她的兩個(gè)同事獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，結(jié)合劃線單詞所在句子“an award for which she was overlooked（一個(gè)她被 的獎(jiǎng)）“可推知，吳健雄和兩名男性同事一起合作，但是兩 名同事獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，而她因?yàn)槭桥?，所以被忽視，沒(méi)有獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，由此可知，劃線單詞“overlooked” 意為“忽略，不考慮”，與D項(xiàng)“Removed.（除去廣意思相近。應(yīng)選D。.推理判斷題 o 根據(jù)最后段中“She continued advancing her

23、work in nuclear physics for many years and later joined in protecting womens rights.（她多年來(lái)一直致力于核物理研究，后來(lái)加入了保護(hù)婦女權(quán)利的行列）可 知，作為一個(gè)科學(xué)家，吳健雄是一個(gè)全心全意獻(xiàn)身于科學(xué)的科學(xué)家。應(yīng)選C。D17. D18. B19. C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主耍講述了張海迪身殘志堅(jiān)，如何克服自身殘疾并實(shí)現(xiàn)自我突破從而幫助了更多殘疾人 的故事。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二自然段 “There was no hospital and the villagers had to walk more than

24、 10 km to see a doctor.”（村子里沒(méi)有醫(yī)院，村民們不得不步行10多公里去看醫(yī)生。）和She decided to make a change.She read medical books and practiced acupuncture on herself.（她決定做出改變。她閱讀醫(yī)學(xué)書籍，并在自己身 上練習(xí)針灸。）可知張海迪學(xué)醫(yī)的原因是，村子里缺少醫(yī)療服務(wù)。應(yīng)選D。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 由文章第三自然段 “To learn a new English word, she had to repeat it as many as 200 times.（為了 學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)新的英語(yǔ)單

25、詞，她必須重復(fù) 200 次。）和“To expand her vocabulary, she wrote words on desks, mirrors and even lamps so she could recite them anytime anywhere. （為了擴(kuò)大詞匯量，她把單詞寫在桌 子、鏡子甚至臺(tái)燈上，這樣她就可以隨時(shí)隨地背誦單詞了。）可知，她學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)單詞的秘訣是盡可能屢次 重復(fù)新單詞。應(yīng)選D。.主旨大意題。由文章最后一個(gè)自然段以及本段第三句話“She has been using her position and influence to call for more ri

26、ghts for people with disabilities.（她一直利用自己的地位和影響力為殘疾人爭(zhēng)取更多的權(quán)利。） 可知，該自然段通過(guò)舉例子等方式主要講述了她對(duì)殘疾人所做出的貢獻(xiàn)。應(yīng)選B。.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一自然段最后一句話However, with a strong will, she has extended the meaning of her life in many possible ways, and achieved much more than one might think is possible.（然而，憑借堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意 志，她以許多可能的方式擴(kuò)展了自己生命的意義，

27、并取得了超出人們能想象到的成就。）可知，本篇文章主 要講述了張海迪突破自我，將不可能變?yōu)榭赡艿墓适?。?yīng)選C。BCCB【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一位備受尊敬的科學(xué)家Richard Phillips Feynman,介紹了他的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷 以及取得的成就。20.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中After the war, Feynman taught at Cornell University, where he continued his studies. He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics.（

28、戰(zhàn)后，費(fèi)曼在康奈爾大學(xué)任教，繼續(xù)他的 學(xué)業(yè)。他還因在粒子物理學(xué)方面的工作而獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)）“可知，費(fèi)曼是在戰(zhàn)后獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的。應(yīng)選B。 21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本艮據(jù)第三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were “the best that weve seen,” according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion.（盡管 他在科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)方面的成績(jī)是“我們見

29、過(guò)的最好的但根據(jù)普林斯頓大學(xué)的說(shuō)法，他幾乎被拒絕，因?yàn)樗?在寫作方面的成績(jī)很差，以及他的猶太信仰）”可知，費(fèi)曼被普林斯頓錄取是因?yàn)樗跀?shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)方面很有 天賦。應(yīng)選C。22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“But young Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.（但年輕的費(fèi)曼在數(shù) 學(xué)和工程方面表現(xiàn)出 了天賦）”以及第三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were the best that weve seen,“ according to Princeton, h

30、e was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion.（盡管他在科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)方面的成績(jī)是“我們見過(guò)的最好的”，但根據(jù)普林斯頓大學(xué)的說(shuō)法，他 幾乎被拒絕，因?yàn)樗趯懽鞣矫娴某煽?jī)很差，以及他的猶太信仰廠可知，他很聰明；結(jié)合第四、五段可看 出費(fèi)曼從普林斯頓大學(xué)讀博到之后工作都致力于研究物理、教授物理。由此可知，Richard Feynman聰明且 專注。應(yīng)選C。主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Then, in 1978, Feynman developed cancer and died a y

31、ear later. Though Feynman and his work are honored by physicists across the world, his personal qualities and skills are what really makes him unique. Faced with all the challenges, he never gave up, doing work that he loved until the day he died.（1978 年, 費(fèi)曼罹患癌癥，一年后去世。雖然費(fèi)曼和他的工作受到全世界物理學(xué)家的尊敬，但他的個(gè)人品質(zhì)和技

32、能才 是真正讓他與眾不同的。面對(duì)所有的挑戰(zhàn)，他從未放棄，做著他熱愛(ài)的工作，直到他去世的那一天）及下 文陳述可知，作者描述了物理科學(xué)家費(fèi)曼的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程以及偉大成就，在最后一段點(diǎn)出費(fèi)曼的成就舉世矚目， 被全球物理學(xué)家所敬重。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“理查德費(fèi)曼一位受人尊敬的科學(xué)家”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故 選BoACBD【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要表達(dá)了在美國(guó)前途無(wú)量的施一公，因?yàn)闊o(wú)法割舍的愛(ài)國(guó)之情，毅然告別美國(guó)， 回到中國(guó)，為祖國(guó)服務(wù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的中國(guó)夢(mèng)。24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段After returning to China, he devoted all his energy, worked li

33、ke crazy, and determined to do something big. He formed a life science research team. Every day, he works 12 to 16 hours at his laboratory.（回至中國(guó)后，他投入了全部的精力，瘋狂地工作，并決心做一番大事業(yè)。他組建了一個(gè)生命科學(xué) 研究小組。他每天在實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作12到16個(gè)小時(shí)戶可知，施一公回到祖國(guó)之后，努力做科學(xué)研究，目的是 為自己的祖國(guó)做貢獻(xiàn)，服務(wù)祖國(guó)服務(wù)人民。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。25.詞句猜想題。根據(jù)第二段“In the United States, he had a

34、 great future ahead. At the age of 36, he became the youngest professor in the history of the Department of Molecular Biology at Princeton University, for his academic achievements. At40,hebecameatenured（終身的）chairprofessoratPrinceton.（在美國(guó)，他前途無(wú)量。36 歲時(shí)， 他成為普林斯頓大學(xué)分子生物系歷史上最年輕的教授，因?yàn)樗膶W(xué)術(shù)成就。40歲時(shí)，他成為普林斯頓大學(xué)

35、的終身教授）”及第三段When everything seemed perfect and admirable to others, he firmly decided to say goodbye to Princeton University, to an affluent life in the United States, and return to China.（當(dāng)切在另U人看來(lái) 似乎都是完美和令人欽佩的時(shí)候，他堅(jiān)定地決定告別普林斯頓大學(xué)，告別在美國(guó)的affluent生活，回到中 國(guó)戶可知，施一公在美國(guó)有著非凡的學(xué)術(shù)成就，并最終成為普林斯頓大學(xué)的終身教授，有著完美的令人欽 佩的生活，

36、可推斷他告別的是美國(guó)“富足的”生活；wealthy意為“富裕的”，與affluent意思接近。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。 26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“So far as V m concerned, awards are of no special meaning/ Shi says calmly.（在 我看來(lái)，獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)沒(méi)有什么特別的意義施一公平靜地說(shuō)）”可知，施一公并不在乎自己獲得的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，也就是不 在乎獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)所代表的名聲。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。推理判斷題。根據(jù)侄I數(shù)第二段“He is Shi Yigong, nicknamed cDa Niu, （someone with extraordinary achieveme

37、nts） by Tsinghua students.（他就是施一公，被清華學(xué)子戲稱為“大?！保ㄓ蟹欠渤删偷娜耍V可知，他的學(xué)生給他 取名“大牛”是為了顯示他非凡的成就。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。BCDA【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)家、藥劑師和教育家屠呦呦發(fā)現(xiàn)青蒿素及青蒿素對(duì)于醫(yī)學(xué)的重 大作用。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第段“The discovery of artemisinin and its treatment of malaria are regarded as a significant breakthrough of tropical medicine in the 20th centur

38、y and health improvement for people of tropical developing countries in South Asia, Africa, and South America青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)及其對(duì)瘧疾的治療被認(rèn)為是20世紀(jì)熱帶醫(yī) 學(xué)的重大突破，也是南亞、非洲和南美熱帶開展中國(guó)家人民健康改善的重大突破戶可知，青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì) 于熱帶地區(qū)的人們有益處。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“For her work, Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in Clinical Medicine and the 2015 Nobel

39、prize in Physiology or Medicine. The Nobel Committee puts Tus work well by writing: Malaria infects close to 200 million individuals yearly. Artemisinin is used in all malaria-ridden parts of the world. When used in combination treatment, it is estimated to reduce the death rate from malaria by more

40、 than 20% overall and by more than 30% in children. For Africa alone, this means that more than 100,000 lives are saved each year.”（由于她的工 作，屠獲得了 2011年拉斯克臨床醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)和2015年諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。諾貝爾委員會(huì)認(rèn)為屠的工作很 好：“瘧疾每年感染近2億人。青蒿素在世界上所有瘧疾肆虐的地區(qū)都被使用。當(dāng)用于聯(lián)合治療時(shí)，估計(jì)總 體上可將瘧疾死亡率降低20%以上，兒童死亡率降低30%以上。僅就非洲而言，這意味著每年就有10多 萬(wàn)人獲救?？芍肋线习l(fā)現(xiàn)青

41、蒿素，可以降低瘧疾死亡率，拯救很多人的生命，所以本段主要講述了 屠呦呦的成就。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Not only is Tu the first Chinese Nobel laureate in natural science, but also the first Nobel laureate who received all scientific training in China. The award she won made Chinese scientists gain tremendous confidence.（屠不僅是中國(guó)第一位自然科學(xué)諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者，也是第

42、一位在中國(guó)接受過(guò)所有科學(xué) 訓(xùn)練的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者。她獲得的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)使中國(guó)科學(xué)家獲得了極大的信心）“可知，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)使中 國(guó)科學(xué)家獲得了極大的信心，為許多中國(guó)科學(xué)家樹立了好的典范。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It is my dream that Chinese medicine will help us conquer life-threatening diseases worldwide, and people across the globe will enjoy its benefits for health promotion,Tu wrote.（屠寫道： “我的夢(mèng)想是，中

43、醫(yī)藥將幫助我們?cè)谌蚍秶鷥?nèi)戰(zhàn)勝威脅生命的疾病，全球人民將享受其促進(jìn)健康的益處J）” 可知，屠呦呦在自然雜志上表述了中醫(yī)藥促進(jìn)健康的作用，表達(dá)了她對(duì)于中醫(yī)藥的熱情。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。Michael Houghton, from the United Kingdom, and United States scientists Harvey J. Alter and Charles M. Rice, who all made notable contributions toward the discovery of the blood-born virus that causes chronic （慢性的）

44、liver problems.Alter demonstrated in the 1970s that some people who received blood transfusions （輸血）would develop cases of hepatitis that were not caused by the hepatitis A or B viruses, suggesting that another infectious agent was to blame. In the 1980s, Houghton managed to isolate （別離）the genetic

45、sequence of the virus, while Rice proved that the pathogen（病原體）could replicate and cause infection. The World Health Organization estimates that around 71 million people worldwide live with hepatitis C, which can cause major liver complications （并發(fā)癥）and, in some cases, death.The Nobel Assembly said

46、the three researchers had contributed to a landmark achievement in the ongoing battle against viral diseases. The discovery ofhepatitis C virus revealed the cause of the remaining cases of chronic hepatitis and made blood tests and new medicines that have saved millions of lives possible,the assembl

47、y said in a statement. Thanks to their discovery, highly sensitive blood tests for the virus are now available and these have essentially eliminated post-transfusion hepatitis in many parts of the world, greatly improving global health. The assembly said that the discoveries performed by the newly m

48、inted Nobel Laureates also allowed for the rapid development of antiviral drugs directed at hepatitis C. For the first time in history, the disease can now be cured, raising hopes of eradicating hepatitis C virus from the world population”, the statement said.The award for physiology and medicine is

49、 the first of the Nobel Prizes to be handed out this year, with prizes in physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economics to follow during the next seven days.What was the important discovery of three scientists?A. The hepatitis A virusB , The hepatitis B virusC. The hepatitis C virus.D. The ris

50、k of blood transfusions.Who succeeded in extracting the sequence of the virus?A. Michael HoughtonB . Harvey J. AlterCharles M. RiceThe World Health OrganizationWhafs the main idea of Paragraph 3?The significance of the discovery.The course of the discovery.The disadvantage of the discovery.The harm

51、of the hepatitis.What does the underlined word eradicating” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Discovering.B. Knowing.C. Analysing.D. Getting rid of.（2022四川廣安高二期末）In 1945, 23-year-old Joan Hinton was one of the few female nuclear physicists joining in the Manhattan Project, an American project set up i

52、n 1942 to develop an atom bomb. Even as she rejoiced in the projects success, she was deeply shocked when the U.S. dropped two bombs in Japan in 1945 during World War IL She then quit the project and left the U.S.In 1948, she managed to travel to Yanan, where she married her boyfriend Erwin Engst. H

53、er husband got his first impressions of China from the book Red Star Over China by Edgar Snow. He came to China as a member of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration in 1946 and went on to serve as an expert on farm equipment in Yanan. My father kept on writing letters to my mom

54、, telling her to come to China and that China was about to climb a hill. If you arrive late, youll miss the busJ Fred Engst, son of Hinton, said.Hinton and her husband lived a simple life in China. During her time in Yanan, she only stood out as a foreigner, dressed in ordinary clothes. The villager

55、s treated the U.S. scientist like they would be a family member. During one Chinese New Years party in the village she lived in, Hinton shared her sense of humor by amusing the locals with her performances using a northern Shaanxi dialect （方言）.The couple witnessed the establishment of the Peoples Re

56、public of China in 1949. Hinton, who held high hopes of making milk available to the Chinese population, devoted herself to the improvement of agricultural machinery and the milk industry at large. She applied her scientific skills to developing a continuous-flow automatic milk pasteurizer （巴氏殺菌機(jī)）an

57、d tending to about 200 cows in the following years.Hinton was truly devoted to everything she did, whether in nuclear physics or the milk industry.What does the underlined part rejoiced irT in paragraph 1 mean?A. Showed surprise about.B. Felt joy at.C. Expressed anger over.D. Showed disappointment w

58、ith.What is the villagers9 attitude to the U.S. scientists in China?A. Friendly.B. Rude.C. Concerned. D. Uncaring.What contribution did Hinton make to China?A. She contributed the development of nuclear physics.B , She pushed forward the development of cattle farming.C. She helped cows give birth to

59、 more healthy babies.D. She made all Chinese people enjoy the benefits of drinking milk.What can be the best title for the text?Joan Hinton set up a project in China.Joan Hinton improved Shaanxi dialect.The introduction to Joan Hinton.Joan Hinton persuaded Chinese people to drink milk.（2022寧夏銀川唐彳來(lái)回民

60、中學(xué)高二期末）Known as the “First Lady of Physics and Queen of Nuclear （原 子核）Research, Chien-Shiung Wu was born in China in 1912 and came to the United States in 1936 to take part in the doctorate（博士） rogram in nuclear physics at the University of Michigan. After learning that women were disrespected at th