跨文化交際實(shí)用教程-unit-課件

1、 Unit 8 Humor Interpretation in Intercultural EncountersCulture is a Bridge. Culture is a English gas stationAll Greek to me:Meaningless and incomprehensible like someone who cannot read, speak, or understand any of the Greek language would be.All In The Same Boat:When everyone is facing the same ch

2、allenges.An Arm And A Leg:Very expensive. A large amount of money.English gas stationAll Greek tEnglish gas stationA Taste Of Your Own Medicine:When you are mistreated the same way you mistreat others.Beat A Dead Horse:To force an issue that has already ended.Beating Around The Bush:Avoiding the mai

3、n topic. Not speaking directly about the issue.English gas stationA Taste Of 英格蘭人談?wù)撎K格蘭人和愛爾蘭人的3則笑話: 1.一個(gè)愛爾蘭人給旅游公司打電話：“我坐飛機(jī)到倫敦將用多長時(shí)間？”辦事員想看看飛機(jī)時(shí)刻表，對他說：“（請等）一分鐘，先生！”“非常感謝！”愛爾蘭人滿意地答道并掛上了電話。 2.一個(gè)蘇格蘭人從英格蘭回到了家。家人問道：“在倫敦怎么樣？”蘇格蘭人答道：“還行！就是那些英格蘭人很奇怪。我住在旅館時(shí)，他們像瘋子一樣在我隔壁敲了一夜墻?！薄澳悄惝?dāng)時(shí)干什么呢？”“我沒干什么！我只是吹了一夜笛子！” 3.一個(gè)愛爾

4、蘭人前來倫敦度假，住進(jìn)一家高級飯店。服務(wù)生拿起箱子，帶他去房間。愛爾蘭人生氣地說：“看著點(diǎn)兒！別以為我來自愛爾蘭，就讓我住進(jìn)這么個(gè)小房間！”服務(wù)生連忙解釋道：“別生氣，先生！這是電梯。”英格蘭人談?wù)撎K格蘭人和愛爾蘭人的3則笑話: 1.一個(gè)United Nations SurveyLast month, a world survey was conducted by the UN. The only question asked was: Would you please give your honest opinion about solutions to the food shortage

5、in the rest of the world. The survey was a huge failure.In Africa they didnt know what food meant. In Eastern Europe they didnt know what honest meant. In Western Europe they didnt know what shortage meant. In China they didnt know what opinion meant. In the Middle East they didnt know what solution

6、 meant. In South America they didnt know what please meant, and In the USA they didnt know what the rest of the world meant. United Nations Survey跨文化交際實(shí)用教程-unit-課件Humor Humor 跨文化交際實(shí)用教程-unit-課件Failure to understand humor is a common occurrence.“You are also human”A compliment in America, but cause em

7、barrassment in China.Failure to understand humor isChapter 1: Humor as a Pathway to Intercultural Communication CompetenceHumor goes beyond language.Learning how to explain humor and how to ask questions about humor is important for intercultural communication.A two-stage process is involved in shar

8、ing humor between native and non-native speakers.Chapter 1: Humor as a PathwayStage 1: making new conversational rules.There are many reasons why it is hard to explain humor. vocabulary sayings and idioms background knowledge some stereotyped images Stage 1: making new conversatiElements that may hi

9、nder our understanding of English humorVocabulary “Quid” is the modern word for what was once called a shilling”.friends are called “tossers”. If you are fond of someone, you should tell him he is a “great tosser” - he will be touched. Sayings and idiomsas close as an oyster 嘴很緊 polish the apple 討人歡

10、心; 拍馬屁 Elements that may hinder our uBackground knowledge“Were not amused.”This celebrated remark was from Queen Victoria, who was expressing her dissatisfaction toward something meant to be humorous. Some stereotyped imagesScientists are considered nerdy and ugly.Background knowledgeSome stereRule

11、for Nonnative Speakers1.Abandon the old conversational rule：2.Make the new conversational rule： 3.Behavior necessary to implement new conversational rule：Rule for Nonnative Speakers1.A1.Abandon the old conversational rule： Admitting incomprehension（不理解） and asking questions about humor is stupid.1.A

12、bandon the old conversation2.Make the new conversational rule：asking questions about humor is acceptable and it is a sign of courage rather than incompetence（無能力）As Confucius said ,it is better to be stupid for three minutes than for an entire lifetime.2.Make the new conversational 3.Behavior necess

13、ary to implement new conversational ruleAsking questions and regulating conversations in terms of idiomatic verbal and nonverbal expressions.3.Behavior necessary to implemCultural and personal idiomatic verbal and nonverbal expressionsIdiomatic verbal expressionsits way over my head!I didnt get it.I

14、t left me out in the cold.Whoa! That was too quick for me.Idiomatic nonverbal expressionsA “T” gesture.Raising the palm of the hand beginning at the middle of the forehead up over the head accompanied by a jet light soundCultural and personal idiomatiIdiomatic nonverbal expressions A”T” gesturesRais

15、ing the palm of the hand beginning at the middle of the forehead up over the head accompanied by a jet light sound 跨文化交際實(shí)用教程-unit-課件Rule for Native Speakers1.Abandon the old conversational rule：2.Make the new conversational rule： 3.Behavior necessary to implement new conversational rule：Rule for Nat

16、ive Speakers1.Aban1.Abandon the old conversational rule： Checking whether the partner understands humor is treating him or her as an ignorant child, which is rude and inappropriate1.Abandon the old conversation2.Make the new conversational rule：actively checking incomprehension and encouraging quest

17、ions assists intercultural understanding, which is a sign of maturity and honesty rather than impropriety2.Make the new conversational 3.Behavior necessary to implement new conversational ruleDouble check nonnative partners comprehensionIndicate the fact that even native speakers sometimes fail to u

18、nderstand the humorAffirm and encourage the necessity of asking questions3.Behavior necessary to implemStep 2: explaining humor“Out of the ordinary”Culture is usually imparted in a tacit way.tacit tsit adj.心照不宣的,緘默的,默示的 They have a tacit understanding.他倆心照不宣。Step 2: explaining humor“Out oComparison

19、of syllogism and enthymemeSyllogism Major premise(s) minor premise(s)Conclusion Enthymeme minor premise(s)premise premis,premis,primaiz n.前提 I wonder whether the whole premise is right.我懷疑整個(gè)前提是否正確。 Comparison of syllogism and enConcepts:syllogism sildizm,sil.dizm n. 三段論法, 演繹推理, 詭辯A syllogism involve

20、s a three-step formal reasoning process associated with formal logic. It consists of three premises.enthymemeen.mi:m n. 省略推理法, 省略三段論法Pieces of syllogism are usually missing. They are assumed to be understood. A speaker has to rely on his or her audience to provide the missing premises to reach the c

21、onclusion.Concepts:syllogism syllogism Scientist are usually nerdy and ugly. (the major premise)Samuel is a scientist. (the minor premise)Samuel is quite nerdy and ugly. (the conclusion)enthymemeMajor premise(s) missing minor premise(s) provided (humor or text)Conclusion missingsyllogism Chapter 2：C

22、onverting Enthymeme into SyllogismChapter 2：Converting EnthymemYou might get confusedMeat market? beef? Pork?Meet market a bar or nightclub where people can meet for social or romantic purposesYou might get confusedMeat marThree steps in converting:1. Explaining the Minor Premises2. Constructing the

23、 Missing Major Premises 3. (Not) Reaching ConclusionsThree steps in converting:1. EStep 1 Explaining the Minor PremisesExplain the explicit messages seen in the cartoonA couple of scientists in a bar try to “meet” peopleStep 1 Explaining the Minor PrStep 2 Constructing the Missing Major Premises Mis

24、sing premise (a) the ordinary meat market behaviorMissing premise (b) the stereotypes of scientists (Scientists are often portrayed as “nerdy”, meaning awkward, unfashionable, boring, and socially inept) Step 2 Constructing the MissinNonnative speakers may understand: A scientific meat market is a b

25、ar where nerdy people try to seek romantic encounters and strike up conversations by showing off impressive scholarly or academic credential rater than physical attractiveness, social status, and wealth.Step 2 Constructing the Missing Major Premises Nonnative speakers may understStep 3 Reaching Conclusion or NotReached in analogous cultural contextIf not, humorous conclusions cannot be reached.a) their bars are different from the bars in Americab) the stereotypes of scientists are positiveStep 3 Reaching Conclusion or Step 3 Reaching Conclusion or NotUnder such conditi