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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川民族學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題
Theradioactivitytowhichtheywereexposedwassopowerfulthatthedeadmen'sbodieswerethemselvesaradiation(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.bumper
B.fatality
C.hazard
D.expansion
【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞辨析。bumper意為“緩沖器”;fatality意為“死亡,致命性,宿命”;hazard意為“冒險(xiǎn)”;expansion意為“擴(kuò)大”。句意:他們接觸到的放射性是如此強(qiáng)烈,以至于死者的尸體本身就是輻射擴(kuò)散。
2.單選題
TheexpresstrainfromLondon(
)ontime.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.pulledup
B.pulledover
C.pulledin
D.pulledthrough
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pullup意為“拔起,阻止”;pullover意為“靠邊停車”;pullin意為“吸引,進(jìn)站”;pullthrough意為“恢復(fù)健康,度過難關(guān)”。
句意:從倫敦開出的快車準(zhǔn)時(shí)進(jìn)站。
3.單選題
Therewere150_____attheinternationalconferencethissummer.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.spectators
B.viewers
C.participants
D.onlookers
【答案】C
【解析】名詞辨析。spectator觀眾,旁觀者;viewer觀察者,觀看者;participant參與者;onlooker旁觀者,觀眾。句意:今年夏季的國(guó)際會(huì)議有150名與會(huì)者。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。
4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題
Islifetodaymoredangerousthanitusedtobe?Itcertainlyseemsthatway.LastweektheentireMetrosysteminWashingtonhadtoclosedownbecausesomeonemightbeblownontothetracksduringahurricane.ThisweekchildreninWashingtonwerenotallowedtogotoschoolforawholedaybecausestreetswereblockedbyfallentreesandpowerlines,andtrafficlightsatsomeintersectionsweren’tworking.Apreviousgenerationmighthavewalkedaroundthefallentreesandlookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet,butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.
Aftersomeseriousaircrashes,thousandsofpeopleinthiscountrysworeoffairplanesandbegandrivingcars.Infact,thenumberofdeathsonU.S.highwaysinatypicalyearismorethandoublethenumberofpeoplewhohavediedinallcommercialairplaneaccidentsinthepast40years.Bytakingtheprecautionofnotflying,manypeopledied.
Therearesomeclearpsychologicalexplanationsforsomeofthis.Itisafact,forexample,thatpeoplefearman-madedisasters(terrorism)farmorethantheyfearnaturaldisasters(hurricanes,snowstorms),evenwhenthelatteraremoredangerous.Equallyillogical,peoplearealsomoreafraidofthingstheydonotcontrol,whichiswhydrivingacardoesfeelsaferthanflyinginanairplane.Finally—althoughIhavenoproof—peoplearedisproportionatelyfrightenedbythingstheyreadaboutinthenewspaper.Bycontrast,theyaredisproportionatelywillingtodiscounttheevidenceoftheirownexperience.Ifyoulookaroundyourneighborhood,you’llnoticethatthewaterisclean—whichitwouldn’tnecessarilyhavebeen100yearsago—andthatthefoodisn’trottenorstale.Mostchildrenaren’tdyingyoung.Mostadultsaren’tdyinginmiddleage.
LifeisfarsaferandlastsmuchlongerfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhasforjustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.Butnowthatwe’veeliminatedmostofthethingsthatthehumanraceoncefeared,we’vejustinventednewonestoreplacethem.
1.ChildreninWashingtonarenotallowedtogotoschoolforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT________.
2.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatthepreviousgeneration________.
3.Itisindicatedinthepassagethatinthepast________.
4.Theauthorbelievesthat________.
5.Thetoneoftheauthorinwritingthepassageis________.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.fallentrees
B.fallenpowerlines
C.acominghurricane
D.brokentrafficlights
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.knewbetterhowtoavoiddanger
B.livedinalessdangerousworld
C.wasbetteratprotectingthemselves
D.waslessfussyaboutdangers
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.lifewasmoreenjoyable
B.waterwaslesscleanandfresh
C.foodswereofbettertasteandquality
D.streetsweresaferforchildrentocross
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.peopleareoverreactingtodangersnowadays
B.peoplehavegoodreasonstofearthedangerstoday
C.flyingismoredangerousaftersomeseriousaircrashes
D.childrenshouldbebetterprotectedagainstdangers
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.complaining
B.depressing
C.factual
D.ironic
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:D
第3題:B
第4題:A
第5題:D
【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“ChildreninWashington”定位到原文第一段第三句ThisweekchildreninWashingtonwerenotallowedtogotoschoolforawholedaybecausestreetswereblockedbyfallentreesandpowerlines,andtrafficlightsatsomeintersectionsweren’tworking.(這周居住在華盛頓地區(qū)的孩子一整天都不準(zhǔn)去學(xué)校,因?yàn)榈缆繁淮档沟牡臉溥€有電線桿封住了,而且一些十字路口的交通信號(hào)燈壞了),從這里可以看出孩子不準(zhǔn)去學(xué)校的原因是因?yàn)榇档沟臉浜碗娋€桿以及壞掉的燈,這里選擇的是不屬于停學(xué)的原因,所以A選項(xiàng)“倒在路邊的大樹”,B“倒在路邊的電線桿”,D“壞掉的交通信號(hào)燈”排除;而且第一段第二句話LastweektheentireMetrosysteminWashingtonhadtoclosedownbecausesomeonemightbeblownontothetracksduringahurricane.(上周華盛頓整個(gè)地鐵系統(tǒng)都不得不被關(guān)閉,因?yàn)槟承┤嗽谂_(tái)風(fēng)來襲時(shí)可能會(huì)被吹到軌道里),從這里可以看出臺(tái)風(fēng)在上周就來了,不可能到了這周還是一個(gè)將要來(coming)的狀態(tài),所以答案是C選項(xiàng)“即將到來的龍卷風(fēng)”。
第2題:推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“previousgeneration”定位到文章第一段最后一句話Apreviousgenerationmighthavewalkedaroundthefallentreesandlookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet,butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.(前面一代人可能會(huì)走過大樹倒地的街道,然后在穿過馬路的時(shí)候看看兩邊會(huì)不會(huì)有車,但是這一代年輕人顯然生活在一個(gè)更危險(xiǎn)的世界,我們需要提供保護(hù))以及最后一段第一句話LifeisfarsaferandlastsmuchlongerfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhasforjustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.(我們生活在更加安全的世界并且對(duì)于普通美國(guó)人來說,我們會(huì)比人類歷史上任何時(shí)代里的任何人都要活的更久。),這兩句話相對(duì)應(yīng)我們就可以知道并不是B選項(xiàng)“以前人們生活的時(shí)代更加愜意”,也不是C選項(xiàng)“他們更懂得保護(hù)自己或更懂得避險(xiǎn)”,而是以前的人們不那么在意風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的存在。所以答案是D選項(xiàng)“街道更加安全,行人可以更加放心地通過”。A選項(xiàng)“我們的前一代人更知道怎么避險(xiǎn)”文章沒有提及。
第3題:主旨大意題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“inthepast”定位到文章第三段最后兩句話“Ifyoulookaroundyourneighborhood,you’llnoticethatthewaterisclean—whichitwouldn’tnecessarilyhavebeen100yearsago—andthatthefoodisn’trottenorstale.Mostchildrenaren’tdyingyoung.Mostadultsaren’tdyinginmiddleage.(環(huán)顧四周,你會(huì)注意到水是清澈的——這在一百年前是不可能的,食物是新鮮的。大部分孩子不會(huì)夭折。很多成年人也不會(huì)在壯年的時(shí)候去世)”在過去——食物可能不新鮮,水也不會(huì)比現(xiàn)在清澈,所以B選項(xiàng)“水不那么清澈新鮮”正確,C“食物更加可口”錯(cuò)誤;A選項(xiàng)“生活更加愜意”文中并沒有提及所以排除;根據(jù)最后一段第一句話LifeisfarsaferandlastsmuchlongerfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhasforjustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.(我們生活在更加安全的世界并且對(duì)于普通美國(guó)人來說,我們會(huì)比人類歷史上任何時(shí)代里的任何人都要活的更久。),D選項(xiàng)“過去的街道會(huì)比現(xiàn)在的要安全”這種說法文章中沒有提及。
第4題:推理判斷題。由題干,我們定位到文章第二段第二,三,四句話Itisafact,forexample,thatpeoplefearman-madedisasters(terrorism)farmorethantheyfearnaturaldisasters(hurricanes,snowstorms),evenwhenthelatteraremoredangerous.Equallyillogical,peoplearealsomoreafraidofthingstheydonotcontrol,whichiswhydrivingacardoesfeelsaferthanflyinginanairplane.Finally—althoughIhavenoproof—peoplearedisproportionatelyfrightenedbythingstheyreadaboutinthenewspaper.(這是事實(shí),例如,人們對(duì)人為災(zāi)害(恐怖主義)的恐懼遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過對(duì)自然災(zāi)害(颶風(fēng)、暴風(fēng)雪)的恐懼,即使后者更為危險(xiǎn)。同樣不合邏輯的是,人們也更害怕他們無法控制的東西,這就是為什么開車確實(shí)感覺比坐飛機(jī)更安全。最后——盡管我沒有證據(jù)——人們會(huì)被報(bào)紙上讀到的東西嚇壞。)從文章中的illogical(不符合邏輯的),disproportionately(不成比例的)兩個(gè)詞可知,作者認(rèn)為人們對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的反應(yīng)有點(diǎn)過激,其實(shí)沒有充足的理由來害怕這些,所以A選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在人們對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的反應(yīng)過激”正確,B選項(xiàng)“人們有充足的理由害怕這些”錯(cuò)誤;C選項(xiàng)“在飛機(jī)失事后乘飛機(jī)出行變得更加危險(xiǎn)”,飛機(jī)失事的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并不會(huì)因?yàn)槌霈F(xiàn)了事故而增加或者降低,出現(xiàn)事故后增加的只是人們的憂慮;根據(jù)最后一段第一句話LifeisfarsaferandlastsmuchlongerfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhasforjustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.(我們生活在更加安全的世界并且對(duì)于普通美國(guó)人來說,我們會(huì)比人類歷史上任何時(shí)代里的任何人都要活的更久。),作者是認(rèn)為世界更加安全的,所以孩子不需要額外增加保護(hù)的,D選項(xiàng)“孩子們應(yīng)該更好的保護(hù)起來從而對(duì)抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”錯(cuò)誤。
第5題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。A選項(xiàng)“抱怨”;B選項(xiàng)“壓抑”;C選項(xiàng)“真實(shí)”;D選項(xiàng)“諷刺”。根據(jù)題意我們定位到文章第一段最后第一句話butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.(但這一代的孩子顯然生活在一個(gè)更加危險(xiǎn)的世界里,我們需要保護(hù)他們)和最后一段第一句話LifeisfarsaferandlastsmuchlongerfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhasforjustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.(我們生活在更加安全的世界并且對(duì)于普通美國(guó)人來說,我們會(huì)比人類歷史上任何時(shí)代里的任何人都要活的更久。)這里對(duì)比,如果按照正常的邏輯考慮,作者的話是前后矛盾的,所以作者的語(yǔ)氣是諷刺的,答案選D。
5.單選題
Thereisagreat()instrengthbetweenthetwoteams.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.disparity
B.deficiency
C.disparagement
D.disrelation
【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disparity“不同;不一致”;B選項(xiàng)deficiency“缺陷,缺點(diǎn)”;C選項(xiàng)disparagement“輕蔑;輕視”;D選項(xiàng)disrelation“不相干;沒有相應(yīng)的聯(lián)系”。句意:兩隊(duì)力量懸殊。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有A項(xiàng)符合句意。
6.單選題
Nick’snewnovelprovesheisn’tjustaflashinthe().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.sky
B.pan
C.house
D.dark
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。aflashinthepan“曇花一現(xiàn),轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝,多用來形容某事持續(xù)時(shí)間短”。句意:尼克的新小說證明他并不是曇花一現(xiàn)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
7.單選題
Anenquiringmindcancatch____toanewideaquickly.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.on
B.uр
C.at
D.out
【答案】A
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.on在……之上B.up向上
C.at在D.out向外
【答案】A
【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。
【解題思路】固定搭配catchonto表示“理解;明白”。由句意“善于探究的人能很快……一個(gè)新觀點(diǎn)。”可知,該搭配符合句意,譯為:善于探究的人能很快理解一個(gè)新觀點(diǎn)。因此選A。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合搭配。
【句意】善于探究的人能很快理解一個(gè)新觀點(diǎn)。
8.單選題
Hewouldgotoendless()tohelpanyonehethoughtworthyofencouragement.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.difficulty
B.obstacle
C.trouble
D.nuisance
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:difficulty“困難”;B:obstacle“障礙”;C:trouble“麻煩”;D:nuisance“討厭的東西(人,行為)麻煩事”。句意:他幫助任何他認(rèn)為值得鼓勵(lì)的人會(huì)帶來無盡的麻煩。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境,C為正確答案。
9.單選題
Idon’tthinkitis()toreconstructthedestroyedforestecosysteminafewyears.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.plausible
B.notable
C.considerable
D.feasible
【答案】D
【解析】詞義辨析題。plausible可信的;notable顯著的;considerable值得考慮的;feasible可行的。句意:我認(rèn)為在幾年內(nèi)重建受破壞的森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是不可行的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。
10.單選題
Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.
First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutoutdiseasedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausingwounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingthebranchesthatarelockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.
Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwouldisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseases,butitisawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,orthatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducetheriskasfaraspossible.Itisessentialtomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallydoneinwinter,forthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetreeclearlywithouttheinterferencefromtheleavesanditis,too,veryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.
1.Pruningisprobablyusuallydoneto().
2.Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.makethesmallbranchesthicker.
B.getridofthesmallbranches.
C.improvetheshapeofthetree.
D.makethetreegrowtaller.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.damagessomeofthesmallsidebranches.
B.forcesthemtogrowtooquickly.
C.doesnotprotectthemfromthewind.
D.allowstoomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Tohelpawoundtodry.
B.Tocoveraroughsurface.
C.Topreventdiseaseenteringawound.
D.Tomakeawoundsmooth.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.regularlyeverywinter.
B.occasionallywhennecessary.
C.asquicklyaspossible.
D.atintervalsthroughouttheyear.
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.
B.Toexplainhowtreesdevelopdisease.
C.Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning.
D.Togivepracticalinstructionforpruningatree.
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:B
第5題:C
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段第一句指出:First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize(首先,修剪可以確保樹有一個(gè)理想的形狀或大小)。由此可知,修剪通常是為了“改善樹的形狀”,故選C。
2.判斷推理題。第二段最后一句指出:Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingthebranchesthatarelockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair(修剪掉擋在中間而阻止了空氣自由流通的樹枝,可以讓樹更健康)。由此可知,如果園丁讓太多的樹枝在中間生長(zhǎng),樹就會(huì)不健康。D選項(xiàng)正確。
3.判斷推理題。最后一段第一句指出:Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwouldisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseases,butitisawoundthatwillheal(修剪的一個(gè)后果是樹上留下一個(gè)缺口,這為疾病提供了一個(gè)容易的入口,但這是一個(gè)可以愈合的傷口)。因此樹被涂上一種特殊材料終究是為了“防止疾病通過修剪口侵入”。B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)都是干擾項(xiàng),雖然后面提到:Itisessentialtomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness(修剪過的區(qū)域必須光滑干凈,因?yàn)榇植跁?huì)減緩愈合速度)。但它們并不是最終原因。因此本題選C。
4.判斷推理題。第一段指出:Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand…(只有在有充分和明確的理由時(shí)才應(yīng)該修剪樹木)。由此推斷,B項(xiàng)“必要時(shí)偶爾修剪”正確。
5.主旨大意題。本文開頭講了修剪的原因,方法,后面講了修剪的后果極其處理方法,因此C項(xiàng)“概述修剪”比較能概括本文主旨。
11.單選題
1.Scientistshavedevelopedaslimmingdrugthatsuccessfullysuppressesappetiteandresultsinadramaticlossofweightwithoutanyapparentilleffects.
2.InruralAmerica,theyearwasarrangedaroundthegrowingseason.Now,only3percentoffamiliesfollowtheagriculturalmodel,butnearlyallschoolsarescheduledasisourchildrenwenthomeearlytomilkthecowsandtookmonthsofftoworkthecrops.
3.Humorhasbeenwelldefinedas:“Thinkinginfunwhilefeelinginearnest”.
4.法律真正的意義,是要把一個(gè)自由而有理性的人導(dǎo)向正當(dāng)?shù)囊饬x上去,而不是對(duì)此加以限制的。
5.然而,研究人員在報(bào)告中提醒說,相對(duì)于患更嚴(yán)重的疾病的危險(xiǎn)來說,這些益處簡(jiǎn)直微不足道。
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)研制出了一種減肥藥,它能有效地抑制食欲,導(dǎo)致體重顯著下降而無任何明顯的不良反應(yīng)。
B.科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)開發(fā)出了一種減肥藥,它能成功地控制食欲,使體重顯著下降,同時(shí)有明顯的不良反應(yīng)。
C.科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)研制出了一種減食療法的藥,它能有效地抑制食欲,導(dǎo)致體重顯著下降而無任何明顯的不良反應(yīng)。
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.在美國(guó)農(nóng)村,時(shí)間是根據(jù)生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)來安排的。現(xiàn)在雖然只有3%的家庭從事農(nóng)業(yè),但幾乎所有的學(xué)校的校歷安排似乎是我們的孩子們?cè)缭缁丶抑皇侨D牛奶或是幾個(gè)月不上學(xué)去地里種莊稼。
B.在美國(guó)農(nóng)村,一年是根據(jù)農(nóng)時(shí)來安排的?,F(xiàn)在雖然只有3%的家庭從事農(nóng)業(yè),但幾乎所有的學(xué)校的時(shí)間安排似乎是我們的孩子們?cè)缭缁丶胰D牛奶或是花上幾個(gè)月時(shí)間去地里種莊稼。
C.在美國(guó)農(nóng)村,上學(xué)時(shí)間是根據(jù)農(nóng)時(shí)來決定的?,F(xiàn)在雖然只有3%的家庭從事農(nóng)業(yè),但幾乎所有的學(xué)校的校歷安排似乎是讓孩子們?cè)缭缁丶胰D牛奶或是花上幾個(gè)月時(shí)間去地里種莊稼。
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.幽默被人很好地解釋為:“帶著認(rèn)真的情緒滑稽地思考”。
B.幽默被人很恰當(dāng)?shù)亟忉尀椋骸罢J(rèn)真地感覺,不認(rèn)真地思考”。
C.幽默被人很巧妙地詮釋為:“一面認(rèn)真地感覺一面滑稽地思考”。
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Therealmeaningoflawisnotthelimitationasthedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterest
B.Thetruenotionoflawisnotsomuchlimitedtothedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterest
C.Law,initstruemotion,isnotsomuchthelimitationasthedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterest
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Researchersinthestudy,however,cautionedthatsuchbenefitsdon'toutweightheriskofmoreseriousailments
B.However,researchersremindedinthereportthatsuchbenefitsarenothingcomparedwiththeriskofmoreseriousailments
C.However,researcherscautionedintheirreportthatsuchbenefitsdon'tindolencealotcomparingtotheriskofmoreseriousailments
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:C
第3題:A
第4題:B
第5題:A
【解析】1.首先,“slimmingdrug”應(yīng)翻譯為減肥藥,沒有提及減食療法,所以首先排除選項(xiàng)C;根據(jù)“withoutanyapparentilleffects.”可知,應(yīng)該是沒有明顯的不良反應(yīng),所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)A翻譯最為準(zhǔn)確。
2.根據(jù)句意可知“growingseason”不是直譯為生長(zhǎng)季節(jié),而是指“農(nóng)時(shí)”,所以首先排除選項(xiàng)A;這里的theyear指的是“上學(xué)時(shí)間”,所以選項(xiàng)C最為恰當(dāng)。
3.本題的關(guān)鍵在于對(duì)引語(yǔ)的翻譯,相比較之下,選項(xiàng)A翻譯最為準(zhǔn)確。
4.本句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“意義”,而不是“法律”,所以首先排除選項(xiàng)C;“真正的”這里用true比較好,real常用來指比較抽象的事物,所以選項(xiàng)B更準(zhǔn)確。
5.“提醒”在本句中用remind比較口語(yǔ)化,caution更為正式,因?yàn)槭窃趫?bào)告中進(jìn)行提醒,因此caution更為恰當(dāng);后面包含一個(gè)比較,用outweigh言簡(jiǎn)意賅,最為恰當(dāng)。所以選項(xiàng)A翻譯最精確。
12.單選題
Theteacherblamedhisstudentsforplayingpranksintheclassroom.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.tricks
B.nudes
C.cribs
D.quips
【答案】A
【解析】句意:老師責(zé)備他的學(xué)生在教室里搞惡作劇。pranks指“惡作劇”。tricks詭計(jì),騙局;nudes肉色針織物;cribs嬰兒床,柵欄;quips妙語(yǔ),諷刺語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)A與之意思相近。
13.單選題
Whathesaidjustnowhadlittletodowiththequestiondiscussion().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.on
B.in
C.under
D.at
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他剛才說的話和正在討論的問題關(guān)系不大。
考查固定搭配。Underdiscussion在討論中。
14.單選題
Beijingisa()city,andstillmorepeoplearepouringin.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.popular
B.populate
C.populace
D.populous
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。popular“受歡迎的”;populate“居住于”,是動(dòng)詞;populace“大眾,平民”;populous“人口多的”。句意:北京是一座人口稠密的城市,仍然還有很多人涌入。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
15.單選題
Manycountriesarefacingthequestionofhowto(
)thebestofmodemtechnologywithoutlosingthebenefitsoftheirtraditionalwayoflife.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.assimilate
B.utilize
C.extinguish
D.elude
【答案】B
【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Assimilate“同化”;utilize“利用”;extinguish“熄火,壓制”;elude“避開,逃避”。句意:許多國(guó)家都面臨著如何在不喪失其傳統(tǒng)生活方式的好處的情況下,充分利用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的問題。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
16.單選題
Withthepossibleexceptionofequalrights,perhapsthemostheatedargumentacrosstheUnitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty.Manyarguethatitisaneffectivedeterrenttomurder,whileothersthinkthereisnoenoughproofthatthedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.
Theargumentadvancedbythoseopposedtothedeathpenaltyisthatitiscruelandinhumanpunishment,thatitisthemarkofabadsocietyandfinallythatitisofquestionableeffectivenessasadeterrenttocrimeanyway.
Inouropinion,thedeathpenaltyisanecessaryaction.Throughoutrecordedhistorytherehavealwaysbeenthosepeculiarpersonsineverysocietywhomadeterriblecrimessuchasmurder.Butsomearemoredangerousthanothers.
Forexample,itisonethingtotakethelifeofanotherintimeofblindanger,butquiteanothertocoldlyplanandcarryoutthemurderofoneormorepeopleinthestyleofabutcher.Thus,murder,likeallothercrimes,isamatterofrelativedegree.Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.
Thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimemaybeopentodiscussion.Butthemajorityofpeoplebelievethatthedeathpenaltyprotectsthem.Theirbeliefisprovedbythefactthatthedeathpenaltypreventsmurder.Forexample,from1954to1963,whenthedeathpenaltywascarriedoutfromtimetotimeinCalifornia,themurderrateremainedbetweenthreeandfourmurdersforeach100,000population.Since1964thedeathpenaltyhasbeendoneonlyonce,andthemurderratehasrisento10.4murdersforeach100,000population.Thesharpclimbinthestate’smurderrate,whichbeganwhenkillingsstopped,doesnothappenbychance.Itcertainlyshowsthatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermanymurderers.Ifthelawaboutdeathpenaltyisvetoed,somepeoplewillbemurdered—somewhoselivesmayhavebeensavedifthedeathpenaltywereineffect.Thisisreallyalifeordeathmatter.Thelivesofthousandsofpeoplemustbeprotected.
1.Theprincipalpurposeofthispassageisto(
).
2.Theauthor’sresponsetothosewhourgethedeathpenaltyforallislikelytobe(
).
3.AccordingtoParagraph4,itcanbeinferredthat(
).
4.Thepassageattemptstoestablisharelationshipbetween(
).
5.Theauthor’sattitudetowards“deathpenalty”is(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.speakforthemajority
B.initiateaveto
C.criticizethegovernment
D.argueforthevalueofthedeathpenalty
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.negative
B.friendly
C.supportive
D.hostile
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.thedeathpenaltyisthemostcontroversialissueintheUnitedStatestoday
B.thesecondtypeofmurderersshouldbesentencedtodeath
C.thevetoofthebillreestablishingthedeathpenaltyisoflittleimportance
D.thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimeisnottobedebated
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.themurderrateandtheimpositionofthedeathpenalty
B.theeffectsofexecutionandtheeffectsofisolation
C.theimportanceofequalrightsandthatofthedeathpenalty
D.executionsandmurders
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.opposing
B.supporting
C.neutral
D.sarcastic
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:A
第5題:B
【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句,“…perhapsthemostheatedargumentacrosstheUnitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty.”,可知死刑是討論最激烈的話題,所以文章的主題為死刑。又根據(jù)下文,“Manyarguethatitisaneffectivedeterrenttomurder,whileothersthinkthereisnoenoughproofthatthedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.”,可知許多人肯定死刑的價(jià)值,認(rèn)為死刑是對(duì)謀殺罪的有效震懾,而另一些人則認(rèn)為死刑沒有多大的價(jià)值,因?yàn)闆]有足夠的證據(jù)證明死刑的實(shí)施減少了謀殺的數(shù)量。又根據(jù)文章第三段,“Inouropinion,thedeathpenaltyisanecessaryaction.”,可知作者認(rèn)為死刑是一項(xiàng)必要的舉措。綜上可知,整篇文章的主要目的在于為死刑的價(jià)值作辯護(hù)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第四段,“itisonethingtotakethelifeofanotherintimeofblindanger,butquiteanothertocoldlyplanandcarryoutthemurderofoneormorepeopleinthestyleofabutcher.….Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.”,可知一種是在盲目憤怒的時(shí)候奪走別人的生命,一種是以屠夫的方式冷酷地策劃和實(shí)施對(duì)一個(gè)或多個(gè)人的謀殺。前者可以僅僅通過社會(huì)隔離的方式受懲罰,而后者則不然??芍髡哒J(rèn)為要根據(jù)謀殺程度來選擇死刑。所以作者對(duì)那些主張對(duì)所有人判處死刑的人的反應(yīng)很可能是否定的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段,“Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.”,第一種謀殺罪犯(盲目憤怒的時(shí)候奪走別人的生命)應(yīng)該僅僅被社會(huì)隔離,而第二種冷酷地策劃和實(shí)施對(duì)一個(gè)或多個(gè)人的謀殺的罪犯不應(yīng)該僅僅被隔離,而是應(yīng)該被處以死刑。可判斷出第二類殺人犯應(yīng)該被處以死刑。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段,“Thesharpclimbinthestate’smurderrate,whichbeganwhenkillingsstopped,doesnothappenbychance.Itcertainlyshowsthatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermanymurderers.”,可知本段用加利福尼亞的例子得出結(jié)論。本州謀殺率的上升并非偶然,是死刑停止實(shí)施的結(jié)果,可以清楚地表明,死刑確實(shí)制止了許多謀殺的念頭。可判斷出作者想要討論的是死刑的實(shí)施和謀殺率的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。縱觀全文,作者首先在第三段表明自己的觀點(diǎn)“死刑是一項(xiàng)必要的舉措”,然后在下文通過論述和實(shí)例證明,死刑的實(shí)施確實(shí)有助于抑制謀殺率。可判斷出作者對(duì)于實(shí)施死刑的態(tài)度是支持的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
17.單選題
“I’malittleworriedaboutmyfuture,”saidDustinHoffmaninTheGraduate.Heshouldbeluck.AllhehadtoworryaboutwaswhethertohaveanaffairwithMrs.Robinson.Inthesixties,thatwasthesumtotalofpost-graduationanxietysyndrome.
Hoffman’smoderncounterpartsarenotsofortunate.TheMrs.Robinsonsaren’tsittingaroundathomeanymore,seducinggraduates.Theyareoutintheworkplace,doingthehigh-poweredjobsthegraduateswant,butcannotget.Forthosefreshoutofuniversity,desperateforworkbutunabletogetit,thereisabigimbalancebetweensupplyanddemand.Andthereisnonarrowingofthegapinsight.
Thelatestunemploymentfiguresshowthat746,000of18-24year-oldsareunemployed—arecordrateof18percent.Manyofthosewillhavegraduatedthissummer.Theyarenopanickingyet,butasthejobrejectionsmountup,theyarebeginningtofeelashamed.
Ofcourse,itiseasytoblametheGovernmentand,inparticular,thetargetthatLabourhaslongtrumpeted—50percentofschool-leaversinhighereducation.Thatwasnottoosmart.TheGovernmenthasnotonlyfailedtomeetitstarget—theactualfigureisstillcloserto40percent—butithasraisedexpectationstounrealisticlevels.
Parentsfeelasbadlyletdownastheyoungpeoplethemselves.Middle-classfamiliesseetheirgraduateoffspringonthedolequeueandwonderwhytheybotheredpayingschoolfees.Working-classfamiliesfeelanevenkeenersenseofdisappointment.Formanysuchfamilies,gettingachildintouniversitywasthefulfillmentofalifelongdream.Itrepresentedupwardsocialandfinancialmobility.Itwasproofthattheywerelivinginadynamic,economicallysuccessfulcountry.Thatdreamdoesnotseemsorosynow.
Graduateunemploymentisnot,ultimately,apoliticalproblemreadytobesolved.Job-creationschemesforgraduatesareverylowdowninministerialin-trays.IfDavidCameron’sConservativeshadabrilliantideaforguaranteeingeverygraduateawell-paidjob,theywouldhaveunveileditbynow.Itisasocialproblem,thoughamoredeep-seatedsocialproblemthanpeopleperhapsrealize.
26.TheauthorbeginswithanepisodefromTheGraduateinorderto______.
27.Withregardtojobopportunitiesforyounggraduates,theauthorsounds______.
28.Theauthoris______theLabourGovernment’starget:50%ofschoolleaversinhighereducation.
29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutparents’feelingsiscorrect?
30.Towardstheendofthepassage,theauthorimpliesthat______.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.supportthefactthatmorewomenareworkingnow
B.showthatfewgraduatesstartedworkingrightaftergraduation
C.demonstratethattheseweremuchfewergraduatesthannow
D.emphasizethesharpcontrastbetweennowandthen
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.pessimistic
B.hopeful
C.indifferent
D.furious
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.infavourof
B.doubtfulabout
C.stronglycriticalof
D.mildlycriticalof
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Working-classparentsfeeljustasdisappointed.
B.Parentsandtheirchildrenfeelequallydisappointed.
C.Middle-classparentsfeelmoredisappointed.
D.Parentsfeelmoredisappointedthantheirchildren.
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.therewillbejob-creationschemesforgraduates
B.graduateunemploymentismoreofapoliticalissue
C.graduateunemploymentisbothapoliticalandasocialissue
D.theConservativesaredoingfarfromenoughtosolvetheissue
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:C
【解析】26.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
26.TheauthorbeginswithanepisodefromTheGraduateinorderto______.26.作者以《畢業(yè)生》中的一段插曲作為開頭,是為了______。
A.supportthefactthatmorewomenareworkingnowA.支持現(xiàn)在有更多女性工作這一事實(shí)
B.showthatfewgraduatesstartedworkingrightaftergraduationB.說明很少有畢業(yè)生一畢業(yè)就開始工作
C.demonstratethattheseweremuchfewergraduatesthannowC.說明當(dāng)時(shí)的畢業(yè)生要比現(xiàn)在少得多
D.emphasizethesharpcontrastbetweennowandthenD.強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在和那時(shí)之間的鮮明對(duì)比
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞TheGraduate定位到第一段,文章開頭以電影《畢業(yè)生》為例,指出60年代畢業(yè)生對(duì)將來只是有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心,而且擔(dān)心的并不是找不到工作;第二段緊接著指出,現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的畢業(yè)生們就沒有霍夫曼那么幸運(yùn)了,因?yàn)轭愃齐娪啊读_賓森夫人》的女士們占據(jù)著畢業(yè)生們渴望而又無法得到的高職,供需之間嚴(yán)重失衡。綜合可推斷,這是過去與現(xiàn)在就業(yè)形勢(shì)的強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比,D項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)是為了進(jìn)行對(duì)比,并不是題干的目的,屬于以偏概全;
B選項(xiàng)定位第二段倒數(shù)第二句中的“渴望工作卻又找不到工作(desperateforworkbutunabletogetit)”可知,B項(xiàng)與原文相反,屬于反向干擾;
C選項(xiàng)沒有提及,屬于無中生有。
27.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
27.Withregardtojobopportunitiesforyounggraduates,theauthorsounds______.27.關(guān)于年輕畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),作者聽起來______。
A.pessimisticA.很悲觀
B.hopefulB.很有希望
C.indifferentC.很冷漠
D.furiousD.很憤怒
【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。
【解題思路】定位第二段最后兩句“對(duì)于那些剛走出大學(xué)校門、渴望工作卻又找不到工作的人來說,供需之間存在著巨大的失衡(bigimbalance)。目前還沒有縮小這一差距的跡象。”,從此可見,作者對(duì)年輕畢業(yè)生就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的態(tài)度是悲觀的,A項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
B、C選項(xiàng)不符合原文,屬于曲解原文;
D選項(xiàng)也屬于曲解原文,文中沒有字眼表明作者情緒激烈到憤怒的程度。
28.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
28.Theauthoris______theLabourGovernment’starget:50%ofschoolleaversinhighereducation.28.作者_(dá)_____工黨政府的目標(biāo):50%的高中畢業(yè)生接受高等教育。
A.infavourofA.支持
B.doubtfulaboutB.懷疑
C.stronglycriticalofC.強(qiáng)烈批評(píng)
D.mildlycriticalofD.溫和批評(píng)
【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。
【解題思路】定位到第四段第一句“當(dāng)然,指責(zé)政府很容易,尤其是工黨長(zhǎng)期吹噓(trumpeted)的目標(biāo):50%的高等教育畢業(yè)生”,從trumpeted一詞可知作者對(duì)工黨的做法的嘲諷和不屑之情;結(jié)合第二句“那不太聰明(nottoosmart)”可知,作者對(duì)工黨政府的批評(píng)還是比較溫和,D項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)與原文相反,屬于反向干擾;
B選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文,文中作者明確指出“并未達(dá)到該目標(biāo)(failedtomeetitstarget)”,所以這并不是懷疑的態(tài)度;
C選項(xiàng)也屬于曲解原文,作者雖然批評(píng)工黨的做法,但文中并沒有出現(xiàn)批評(píng)的過激字眼,strongly并沒有體現(xiàn)出來。
29.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutparents’feelingsiscorrect?29.以下關(guān)于父母感受的陳述哪一個(gè)是正確的?
A.Working-classparentsfeeljustasdisappointed.A.工薪階層的父母也同樣感到失望。
B.Parentsandtheirchildrenfeelequallydisappointed.B.父母和他們的孩子同樣感到失望。
C.Middle-classparentsfeelmoredisappointed.C.中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的父母感到更失望。
D.Parentsfeelmoredisappointedthantheirchildren.D.父母比孩子更失望。
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。
【解題思路】定位文章倒數(shù)第二段首句“父母和年輕人一樣感到非常失望”,可知,B項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)定位第五段第三句“工薪階層家庭的失望感更加強(qiáng)烈(anevenkeenersenseofdisappointment)”可知,該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾;
C選項(xiàng)定位第二句“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭看到他們的畢業(yè)生子女在領(lǐng)取失業(yè)救濟(jì)金的隊(duì)伍中,不明白他們?yōu)槭裁匆秾W(xué)費(fèi)”,第一句講的是“父母和孩子一樣失望”,所以中產(chǎn)階級(jí)父母同樣感到失望,該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾;
D選項(xiàng)與原文相反,也屬于反向干擾。
30.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
30.Towardstheendofthepassage,theauthorimpliesthat______.30.在文章的最后,作者暗示______。
A.therewillbejob-creationschemesforgraduatesA.將會(huì)有為畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)造就業(yè)的計(jì)劃
B.graduateunemploymentismoreofapol
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