考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東現(xiàn)代學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東現(xiàn)代學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Iboughtanalarmclockwitha(n)（）dial,whichcanbeseenclearlyinthedark.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supersonic

B.luminous

C.audible

D.amplified

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。supersonic“超音速的，超音波的”；luminous“發(fā)光的，明亮的”；audible“聽(tīng)得見(jiàn)的”；amplified“放大的，擴(kuò)充的”。句意：我買了一個(gè)帶有發(fā)光鐘面的鬧鐘，這樣在黑暗中也能看清時(shí)間了。由后半句句意可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Thealliessufferedlessthan20（

）whileenemylossesweresaidtobehigh.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.casualties

B.consequences

C.calamities

D.severities

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。casualty意為“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或事故的)傷員，傷亡”；consequence意為“結(jié)果，后果”；calamity意為“災(zāi)禍，災(zāi)難”；severity意為“嚴(yán)重”。

句意：同盟國(guó)遭受傷亡的人數(shù)不到20，而敵人的傷亡據(jù)說(shuō)很高。

3.單選題

ThesmallJacksonisnot（

）now,buthewillbefamoussomeday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.magnificent

B.prominent

C.dominant

D.significant

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。magnificent意為“壯麗的，宏偉的”；prominent意為“突出的，杰出的”；dominant意為“占優(yōu)勢(shì)的”；significant意為“重要的”。

句意：小杰克遜現(xiàn)在還不出名，但總有一天他會(huì)出名的。

4.單選題

TheAmericanstudentscametoourschoolinNovember,andwethenmadea（）visittotheirs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bilateral

B.reciprocal

C.considerate

D.rewarding

【答案】A

【解析】近義詞辨析。Bilateral“雙邊的、雙方的”，reciprocal“互惠的，相應(yīng)的”，considerate“體貼的，考慮周到的”，rewarding“有益的”。句意：11月份美國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)我校參觀，我們也要參觀他們的學(xué)校。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Thesecontinual（

）intemperaturemakeitimpossibletodecidewhattowear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transitions

B.transformations

C.exchanges

D.fluctuations

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)transitions“過(guò)度，轉(zhuǎn)變”；B選項(xiàng)transformations“轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換”C選項(xiàng)exchanges“交換，交易所”；D選項(xiàng)fluctuations“波動(dòng)，變化”。句意：氣溫的變化讓我們難以決定該穿什么。這里根據(jù)句意答案選D。A選項(xiàng)指從一種狀態(tài)到另一種狀態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程，Weneedtoensureasmoothtransitionbetweentheoldsystemandthenewone.（我們得確保新舊制度間的平穩(wěn)過(guò)渡），本句指的是溫度的變化沒(méi)有提到從冷到熱或者從熱到冷這一對(duì)具有明顯反義的詞出現(xiàn)，所以不能選。B、C選項(xiàng)帶入文中不符合題意。

6.單選題

Withhisbrowsknitted,thedoctorcontemplatedthedifficultoperationhehadtoperform.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ucceededin

B.ecidedagainst

C.wentonwith

D.thoughtdeeplyabout

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生皺著眉頭，……那個(gè)他要做的手術(shù)。succeedin“在……方面取得成功”；decideagainst“決定不”；goonwith“繼續(xù)”；thinkdeeplyabout“深思”。根據(jù)“withhisbrowsknitted”可知醫(yī)生正在思考，因此劃線單詞的意思是“沉思”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Theshort,smilingmanwhointroducehimselfasthemanagerdeniedthatwehadpaidmorethanotherpeople,thoughhedidadmitthatwehadbeenputina“special”room.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whointroducehimself

B.asthemanagerdenied

C.didadmit

D.hadbeenput

E.沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤

【答案】A

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。introduce改為introduced。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為denied,是一般過(guò)去時(shí),因此A項(xiàng)定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞Introduce也應(yīng)該用過(guò)去式。

8.單選題

It'sgoodtoknowthatquiteafewpopularEnglishexpressionsactually（）fromtheBible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquire

B.obtain

C.derive

D.result

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。derivefrom“源于，來(lái)自”；resultfrom“由…造成”；句意：許多受歡迎的短語(yǔ)實(shí)際上來(lái)自圣經(jīng)。C項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Themotherreallytookprideinherson,a（）artistwhohadalreadyheldseveralnationalexhibitions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospective

B.perspective

C.descriptive

D.partial

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prospective“未來(lái)的，預(yù)期的”；B選項(xiàng)perspective“透視的”；C選項(xiàng)descriptive“描述性的”；D選項(xiàng)partial“局部的，偏袒的”。句意：這位母親真的為自己的兒子感到驕傲，因?yàn)樗麅鹤游磥?lái)會(huì)是一位藝術(shù)家，已經(jīng)舉辦過(guò)好幾次全國(guó)性的展覽?？崭窈蟮膬?nèi)容都是描述兒子的，從舉辦過(guò)好幾次展覽可知兒子最有可能成為未來(lái)的一位藝術(shù)家，所以A選項(xiàng)符合句意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.填空題

Higherinterestratesmakeitmoreexpensivetoborrowmoney,________peoplefrombuyingnewhomesorstartingnewconstructionprojects.(courage)

【答案】discouraging

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】逗號(hào)前為完整的句子，橫線所在內(nèi)容應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。逗號(hào)前說(shuō)到借貸更加昂貴，后面說(shuō)______人們購(gòu)買新房或開(kāi)工建設(shè)新項(xiàng)目，可知前者打擊后者積極性，是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，一方面動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在分詞，一方面動(dòng)詞discourage的意思為“使灰心，使泄氣”，符合題意。因此此處應(yīng)為discourage的現(xiàn)在分詞discouraging。

【句意】利率更高讓借貸更加昂貴，使人們不愿購(gòu)買新房或開(kāi)工建設(shè)新項(xiàng)目。

11.單選題

（

）theaccident,theywouldhavearrivedearlier.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Exceptfor

B.Butfor

C.Besides

D.Savefor

【答案】B

【解析】句意:要不是這個(gè)事故，他們會(huì)更早地到達(dá)。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。exceptfor除了……以外;butfor要不是;besides此外，而且;savefor除…之外。句子后半句“theywouldhavearrivedearlier”為對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,那次推測(cè)空格處應(yīng)該表示“要不是”。

12.單選題

Fundamentally,incomedisparitydescribestwodisparategroups:richandpoor.Itishardlynewsthatthericharegettingricher.Theunderlyingstoryisafamiliarone:thewealthiesthouseholdsownthemostassets,namelystocks,andassetpriceshaverisenataferociouspaceinrecentyears.Beyondthestandardexplanation,itisalsothecasethattheemergenceoftechnology,risingproductivity,andanexpandingglobalmarkethavebroughtforthanewupperclassamongcorporations.Thesenewlywealthyfirmspayskilledemployeeswellandinanever-tighterlabormarket,theyareforcedtoconstantlysweetentheiremployees'compensation.

Thentherearethepoor,whereconditionsarealittlemurky.Fallingunemployment,anecdotalevidenceofrisingstarlingwagesforlowlevelservicejobs,andtherelativenon-eventofwelfarereformsofarsuggestthatconditionsatthelowendareimproving.Yetatthesametime,wholecommunitiesundersiegebycrimeandhopelessnesscannotbeignored.

Thatsaid,incomeinequalityasablanketindictmentoffoureconomicsystemdoesnotfly.Incomedisparityisthegasthatrunsoureconomicengine.Theabilitytosomedayearnmore,toliveatahigherstandard,iswhatgetspeopleoutofbedinthemorning,particularlyinourconsumer-orientedeconomy.Incomedisparityonlybecomesaproblemifitwidenstotheextentthatthelaborforcebelievesthatgreaterwealthcanonlybeachievedbythealreadywealthy.

Indeed,itisunreasonabletostatethatincomedisparityiserodingthelaborforce'swilltoimproveproductivityandmoveahead.Increasinglaborforceparticipation,recordhomeownership,surgingconsumerconfidenceandspending,nearrecordlevelsofimmigration,andurbanrenewalareallanecdotalevidencethathopesarehigh.AlltypesofpeopleareflourishingintheNewEconomyandthereissufficientevidencetosuggestthatmoststillwanttheirshotatthebrassring.

Sowhyaretherestillverypoorhouseholdsinthiscountry?Therearemanyreasons.Oureconomyisshiftingtowardstheproductionofhighervaluegoodsandservices.Unskilledlaborisnotvaluedtothedegreethatitoncewas,andunskilledworkersarepaidaccordingly.TherehasalsobeenarecentsurgeofimmigrationintotheU.S.Manymigrantstothiscountry,particularlythosewhoareunskilledorlanguagechallenged,requiretimetobeabsorbedintooureconomy.Ifskillsarelacking,itmaytakeagenerationortwotomoveahead.

Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatitisnottheultimategoalofeverypersontobefabulouslyrich.Oneofthefundamentalsofeconomicsisthatonedecideshowhardtowork,wheretowork,andwhatriskstotake.Monetarywealthisnotthesolemeansofmaximizingutility.Eachpersonhasafinitelifespanandfiniteabilities;itisuptotheindividualtoapplythoseastheyseefit.Thewealthygettingwealthierisnotalwaysevidencetoothersthattheythemselvesarefallingbehind.

1.Intheauthor’scountry,（）maybenefitfromthedevelopmentofitseconomy.

2.Itisimpliedinthispassagethatincomeinequalityis（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

4.Theauthorbelievesthatincomedisparitywill（）.

5.Themainideapresentedinthelastparagraphisthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thewealthyratherthanthepoor

B.alltheimmigrants

C.onlyskilledemployees

D.allthepeople

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.notnecessarilyharmfultothepoor

B.harmfultothedevelopmentofeconomy

C.destructiveratherthanconstructive

D.beneficialonlytotherich

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Everypersonwantstobecomerich

B.Unskilledpeopletendtobepoor

C.Mostimmigrantsareverypoor

D.Thewealthyisgettingwealthier

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.disappearsoonerorlater

B.begraduallynarrowed

C.persistaseverbefore

D.bemoreandmorewidened

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.noteverypersoniswillingtobecomeaswealthyaspossible

B.itisunderstandableforthewealthytogetwealthier

C.eachindividualknowsexactlywhathisultimategoalis

D.whatapersonpursuedintheworldisnotmonetarywealth

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“在作者的國(guó)家，哪類人受益于經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展？”文章第四段最后一句話提到“所有人都在新經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)展”(AlltypesofpeopleareflourishingintheNewEconomy)，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“這篇文章暗示收入差距……”。文章第四段提到“各種各樣的人都在新經(jīng)濟(jì)中蓬勃發(fā)展，有足夠的證據(jù)表明大多數(shù)人仍然想要獲得發(fā)財(cái)機(jī)會(huì)”（AlltypesofpeopleareflourishingintheNewEconomyandthereissufficientevidencetosuggestthatmoststillwanttheirshotatthebrassring），由此可知“不一定對(duì)窮人有害”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“下列哪個(gè)表述是正確的？”文章第五段提到“非技術(shù)勞動(dòng)力的償付水平與以前不同了……”（Unskilledlaborisnotvaluedtothedegreethatitoncewas,andunskilledworkersarepaidaccordingly），選項(xiàng)B“非技術(shù)人員傾向貧窮”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者認(rèn)為收入差距將……”。文章第三段第一句話提到“收入差距是驅(qū)動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)引擎的汽油”（Incomedisparityisthegasthatrunsoureconomicengine），因此它不可能消失，所以選項(xiàng)C“一直存在”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。題目問(wèn)的是“最后一段的主要思想是什么？”文章最后一段第一句提到變得富有并不是每個(gè)人的最終目標(biāo)（Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatitisnottheultimategoalofeverypersontobefabulouslyrich），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

13.單選題

Incourtherepeatedhis（）thathewasnotguiltyinfrontofthejury.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impressions

B.alliterations

C.clauses

D.assertions

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。Impression印象，感想；alliteration頭韻；clause從句；（法律文件等的）條款;assertion主張,斷言。句意:在陪審團(tuán)面前,他重申自己無(wú)罪的。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。

14.單選題

Inthewakeofthe70-vehiclepileup,aslewoflawsuitsareexpectedtobe_______againstdrivers,truckingcompaniesandseveralstateagenciesallegingnegligenceandwrongfuldeath.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.subjected

B.filed

C.committed

D.surrendered

【答案】B

【解析】subject使屈從于……,使隸屬;file把……歸檔,提出(申請(qǐng)等);commit犯罪,做錯(cuò)事;surrender投降,自首。句意：在這起70輛汽車連環(huán)相撞事件發(fā)生后,預(yù)計(jì)將對(duì)司機(jī)、貨運(yùn)公司和幾家州政府機(jī)構(gòu)提起一系列訴訟,指控他們玩忽職守和過(guò)失殺人。filealawsuitagainst控告,起訴。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

15.翻譯題

Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincreaseinmodernsociety,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Onceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlife,beingonthegofrommorningtillnight,itisveryhardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infact,itisnotthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovideonewithmotivationandgivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutofcontrolthatitcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives,weneedtofindwaystodealwithitinordertostayhealthyinmindandbody.

【答案】隨著現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生活節(jié)奏的不斷加快，我們正在迅速失去放松的藝術(shù)。一旦你習(xí)慣了匆匆忙忙的生活，從早到晚忙個(gè)不停，就很難慢下來(lái)。但是放松對(duì)健康的身心是必不可少的。壓力是日常生活中無(wú)法避免的一部分。實(shí)際上，有壓力并不是人們習(xí)慣認(rèn)為的壞事。一定的壓力會(huì)給人的生活提供動(dòng)力，讓人有生活的目標(biāo)，所以是必不可少的。只有當(dāng)壓力失控時(shí)它才可能導(dǎo)致人們表現(xiàn)不佳，身體不好。既然我們?cè)谏钪袩o(wú)法擺脫壓力，我們就需要找到辦法來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)它，才能在身體和心理上保持健康。

16.單選題

Hehadafallandhavea（）fractureinabone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hairgrip

B.hairpiece

C.hairline

D.hairstyle

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)hairgrip“發(fā)夾”；B選項(xiàng)hairpiece“假發(fā)”；C選項(xiàng)hairline“發(fā)際線，極細(xì)的線，細(xì)縫”；D選項(xiàng)hairstyle“發(fā)型”。hairlinefracture是一醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)，“骨裂”，即一種如頭發(fā)般的單處骨折裂痕。句意：他摔了一跤，骨裂了。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.翻譯題

Itisacommonprobleminthenon-familyownedprivatelimitedcompany:shareholder/directorwantstoretireorleavethebusiness,butoneormoreofhisfellowshareholders/directorswanttocontinue.1.Itiseasyenoughforadirectortoretire,butthelikelihoodisthathewillwanttocashinonhisshareswhichhaveaccumulatedsomevalueovertheperiodofhisparticipationinthebusiness.Frequently,though,hisfellowshareholder/director(s)donothavethefinancialresourcestoacquirethesharesattheirmarketvalue.Awidevarietyofoptionsexist,butpurchaseofownsharesbythecompanyisoneofthemostuseful.

Purchaseofownsharesisexactlywhatsaysitis:thecompanyacquiresthesharesfromtheshareholders.Inprinciple,itisasimpleconceptbutonewhichiscoveredbyanumberofveryimportantlegislativeprovisions,bothincompanyandtaxlaw.2.Althoughatfirstsightthelegislationappearstoobstructwhatmightotherwisebeasimpleprocess,itactuallyexisttofacilitatethepurchase,whileprotectingthecreditors(sofarascompanylawisconcerned).Infact,theprovisionaretoonumeroustocoverindetailinafewwordsandthisarticleisdesignedtooutlinetherules,regulationsandoptions.

3.Itwasalwaysthecasethatacompanycouldnotacquireitsownshares,becauseindoingsoitwasobtainingownershipofitself,whichiscontrarytothemostfundamentallegalprinciplessurroundingthenatureandexistenceofcompanies.TheCompanyAct1981changedallthatandtheprovisionsitintroducedarenowincorporatedintotheCompanyAct1985.

4.Inessence,providedacompanyispermittedtodosobyitsMemorandumandArticlesofAssociation,anycompanycannowacquireitsownshares(subjecttotherebeingatleastoneleft).Becausepurchaseofownsharesisarelativelyrecentinnovation,manycompanies’MemorandumandArticlesofAssociationdonotcontainthisprovisionbutappropriateprovisionscanbeincludedbySpecialResolution,requiringa75%majority.

5.Althoughthepurchasemustnormallybemadeoutoftheproceedsofafreshissueofsharesandorofdistributableprofits,importantprovisionexistforprivatecompaniestomakethepurchaseoutofcapital.Ifdistributableprofitsareinsufficientthen,providedthecompanyissolventaftertheredemptionandisbelievedbydirectorstobegoingconcernforafurtheryear,thenthepurchasecangoahead.

【答案】1.對(duì)一個(gè)董事來(lái)說(shuō)，只是想退休很容易，但他可能想要將他在參與公司經(jīng)營(yíng)期間積累了一定價(jià)值的股份變現(xiàn)。

2.雖然乍一看，這項(xiàng)立法似乎阻礙了原本可能簡(jiǎn)單的程序，但它實(shí)際上是為了在促進(jìn)購(gòu)買的同時(shí)保護(hù)債權(quán)人（就公司法而言）的權(quán)利。

3.通常情況下，一個(gè)公司不能購(gòu)買自己的股份，因?yàn)檫@樣做是獲得自己的所有權(quán)，這違反了關(guān)于公司的性質(zhì)和存在的最基本的法律原則。

4.從本質(zhì)上來(lái)說(shuō)，只要一家公司的組織大綱和章程允許它這樣做，任何公司現(xiàn)在都可以收購(gòu)自己的股份（前提是至少還有一股剩下）。

5.盡管這種購(gòu)買通常必須用新發(fā)行的股票和（或）可分配利潤(rùn)的收益進(jìn)行，但對(duì)私營(yíng)公司來(lái)說(shuō)，也存在可以用資本購(gòu)買的重要規(guī)定。

18.單選題

（）ofthethreesistersyouchoosetomarry,youwillhaveagoodwife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whichever

B.Which

C.Whatever

D.Any

【答案】A

【解析】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。無(wú)論三個(gè)姐妹你選擇哪一個(gè)結(jié)婚，你都將擁有一個(gè)好妻子。A選項(xiàng)whichever“無(wú)論哪一個(gè)”，B選項(xiàng)which，“哪個(gè)”，C選項(xiàng)whatever“無(wú)論什么”，D選項(xiàng)any“任何的”，C選項(xiàng)whichever，“不論哪個(gè)”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，相當(dāng)于nomatterwhich，其意為“無(wú)論哪個(gè)”“不管哪個(gè)”，在句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，例如：Whicheveryouchoose,theotherswillbeoffended.無(wú)論你選哪個(gè)，都會(huì)冒犯其余的人。D選項(xiàng)any不能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：不論這三個(gè)姐姐你選哪一個(gè)結(jié)婚，你都將有一個(gè)好妻子。綜上所述，本題選A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.填空題

Peopleareoften（1）whentheyseethatIhavefiveumbrellasintheroom.Thetruthisthattheyaren’tallmine.Severalvisitorshave（2）umbrellasintheoffice.Idon'tknowwhythis（3）

happening.MaybeIshouldputupa（4）bythedoorremindingthemtotaketheirumbrellaswhentheygo.

大意:當(dāng)他們看見(jiàn)房間里有5把傘的時(shí)候，通常會(huì)感到困惑。真相是，不是所有的雨傘都是我的。很多來(lái)訪者遺留到辦公室的。我不知道為什么一直會(huì)這樣。也許，我應(yīng)該在門(mén)口貼張便利貼，以提醒他們走的時(shí)候帶上雨傘。

【答案】1.puzzled

2.left

3.keeps

4.note

【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)句中“當(dāng)他們看見(jiàn)房間里有5把傘的時(shí)候”推測(cè),主句部分為:人們通常感到困惑。

2.詞匯題。句意:很多來(lái)訪者遺留到辦公室的。而且此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞,即left。

3.詞匯題。句意:為什么這件事總在發(fā)生?？蘸鬄閔appening，因此填keep語(yǔ)義跟語(yǔ)法上都符合。

4.詞匯題。根據(jù)后面的remindingthemtotaketheirumbrellaswhentheygo以及前面的putup推測(cè)此處應(yīng)填note(便利貼)。

20.單選題

Asnowfallconsistsofmyriadsofminuteicecrystalsthatfalltothegroundintheformoffrozenprecipitation.Theformationofsnowbeginswiththeseicecrystalsinthesubfreezingstrataofthemiddleandupperatmospherewhenthereisanadequatesupplyofmoisturepresent.Atthecoreofeveryicecrystalisaminusculenucleus,asolidparticleofmatteraroundwhichmoisturecondensesandfreezes.Liquidwaterdropletsfloatingintheupperatmosphereandfreeicecrystalscannotcoexistwithinthesamecloud,sincethevaporpressureoficeislessthanthatofwater.Thisenablestheicecrystalstorobtheliquiddropletsoftheirmoistureandgrowcontinuously.Theprocesscanbeveryrapid,quicklycreatingsizableiceCrystals,someofwhichadheretoeachothertocreateaclusteroficecrystalsorasnowflake.Simpleflakespossessavarietyofbeautifulforms,usuallyhexagonal,thoughthesymmetricalshapesreproducedinmostmicroscopephotographyofsnowflakesarenotusuallyfoundinactualsnowfalls.Typically,snowflakesinactualsnowfallsconsistofbrokenfragmentsandclustersofadheringicecrystals.

Forasnowfalltocontinue,onceitstarts,theremustbeaconstantinflowofmoisturetosupplythenuclei.Thismoistureissuppliedbythepassageofanairstreamoverawatersurfaceanditssubsequentliftingtohigherregionsoftheatmosphere.ThePacificOceanisthesourceofmoistureformostsnowfallswestoftheRockyMountains,whiletheGulfofMexicoandtheAtlanticOceanfeedwatervaporintotheaircurrentsoverthecentralandeasternsectionsoftheUnitedStates.Othergeographicalfeaturesalsocanbethesourceofmoistureforsomesnowstorms.Forexample,areasadjacenttotheGreatLakesexperiencetheirownaddition,mountainoussectionsorrisingterraincaninitiatesnowfallsbythegeographicalliftingofamoistairstream.

1.Whatisatthecenterofanicecrystal?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

3.Ifasnowfallcontinuessometimesinceitbegins,wecanconcludethat（

）.

4.Howdolake-effectsnowstormsform?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Asmallsnowflake.

B.Anucleus.

C.Adropofwater.

D.Ahexagon.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Aminusculenucleusisakindofsolidparticleofmatter.

B.Thefreeicecrystalscangrowcontinuously.

C.Inactualsnowfalls,weusuallyfindthatsimpleflakespossesssymmetricalshapes.

D.Forasnowstorm,theremustbeanadequatesourceofmoisture.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thereisplentyofmoisture.

B.theremustbeasourceofwaternearbyandthetemperaturewillfall.

C.thesnowflakeconsistsofbrokenfragmentsandclustersofadheringicecrystals.

D.thereareairstreams’motionsfromoverwatersurfacetohigherregions.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Watertemperaturesdropbelowfreezing.

B.Moisturerisesfromalakeintoairstreams.

C.Largequantitiesofwetaircome-offanearbymountain.

D.Millionsoficecrystalsformonthesurfaceofalargelake

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Atthecoreofeveryicecrystalisaminusculenucleus...每個(gè)冰晶的核心都有一個(gè)極小的核”選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Simpleflakespossessavarietyofbeautifulforms,usuallyhexagonal,thoughthesymmetricalshapesreproducedinmostmicroscopephotographyofsnowflakesarenotusuallyfoundinactualsnowfalls.簡(jiǎn)單的雪花有各種美麗的形狀，通常是六角形的，盡管雪花在大多數(shù)顯微鏡圖像下再生的形狀是對(duì)稱的，但通常在實(shí)際的降雪過(guò)程中卻不是這樣的?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)C表述不正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段一二句“Forasnowfalltocontinue,onceitstarts,theremustbeaconstantinflowofmoisturetosupplythenuclei.Thismoistureissuppliedbythepassageofanairstreamoverawatersurfaceanditssubsequentliftingtohigherregionsoftheatmosphere.如果降雪持續(xù)不斷，必須有源源不斷的水分供應(yīng)核。這種水分是由氣流通過(guò)水面并隨后上升到大氣的較高區(qū)域提供的?！边x項(xiàng)D符合原文。選項(xiàng)A中“plenty”不準(zhǔn)確，應(yīng)該是“constant”；選項(xiàng)B中的溫度在文中沒(méi)有涉及；選項(xiàng)C與題干無(wú)關(guān)；只有選項(xiàng)D正確，所以本題選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)上一題的分析“如果降雪持續(xù)不斷，必須有源源不斷的水分供應(yīng)核。這種水分是由氣流通過(guò)水面并隨后上升到大氣的較高區(qū)域提供的?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)B正確。

21.單選題

V.CivilandCommercialLaw

Earlyinthe20thcentury,NewZealandadoptedanationalno-faultworkerscompensationscheme,replacingtortlawforindustrialaccidentswhileleavingtherestofitintact.Italsomandatedtortliabilityinsuranceagainstautoaccidents.Duringthe1960s,NewZealandestablishedaroyalcommissiontoexplorepossiblereformstoitsworkerscompensationsystem.Assometimesoccurswithsuchbodies,itdecidednottobelimitedbyitsremitbutproceededinsteadtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.

In1967,thecommissionpublishedtheWoodhouseReport(namedafterthejusticewholedtheeffort).Itseverelycriticizedthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality,”unpredictabledamageawards,andhightransactioncosts(amountingtoover40%ofthetotalsystemcosts,muchlowerthanthecomparablecostsinU.S.asbestoslitigationfirstlaunchedataroundthesametime).Inplaceoftort,theReportproposedacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationschemeforpersonalinjuriesgenerally(notjustworkplaceaccidents),onethatithopedwouldbedesignedtoprovidewagelossbenefitsroughlymatchingpre-injuryearningsandadditionalbenefitsforpermanentbodilyimpairment,whilealsopromotingaccidentprevention,victimrehabilitation,andadministrativeefficiency.

In1972,theNationalPartygovernment,whoseJusticeandLabourministrieshadbeenactivelypromotingthecommissionandtheWoodhouseReport,pushedthroughtheAccidentCompensationAct.Itenjoyedbipartisansupportandpassedquiteeasily-afactthatwillastonishanyAmericanlawyerobservingtheendlessstrugglesovereventhemildesttortreformsintheU.S.Amendedin1973bythenewLabourgovernmenttoincludeaccidentstonon-wageearners,theActwentintoeffectinApril1974.

Evenmoresurprising,thepublicdidnotdemandthenewsystem.Instead,accordingtoGeoffreyPalmer,itwasthehandiworkofasmallgroupofdedicatedreformersledbyinfluentialandprestigiousjudges.Successwasassuredwhenthemajorgroupsopposingthereform—theinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions—turnedouttobepoliticallyweakandfragmented.ThenewsystemwasnotthecomprehensiveabolitionoftortthattheWoodhouseReporthadproposed.Rather,itlimitedno-faultcoveragetomotorvehicle-relatedinjuriesandtowage-earners’injuries(whetherworkrelatedornot).Butthegovernmentsubsequentlyexpandedthesystemtocovervirtuallyallaccidentalinjuriesandtoconferverybroadbenefitsforvictims.NewZealanderstodaygenerallyregardtheirsystem(somedisputeddetailsaside)asamainstayoftheirsocialpolicy.

67.Accordingtothe1stparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementaboutthecommissionisNOTtrue?

68.TheWoodhouseReportcontainedthefollowingBUT___.

69.WhichstatementabouttheAccidentCompensationActistrue?

70.TheNewZealandersattitudetowardsthenewtortsystemwas___.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasestablishedin1960.

B.Itwasauthorizedtoexplorepossiblereformstotheworkerscompensationsystem.

C.Itdecidedtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.

D.Itwasaroyalcommission.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.criticizingthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality”

B.propositionaboutacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationscheme

C.accidentprevention

D.muchlowercoststhanthecomparablecostsinU.S.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.ItbecameeffectiveinApril1973.

B.TheNationalPartygovernmentwasagainsttheAct.

C.TheJusticeandLabourministriesactivelypromotedtheAct.

D.TheActwasamendedin1973beforeitbecameeffective.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.supportivefromtheverybeginning

B.representedbyasmallgroupofdedicatedreformers

C.firstunconcerned,thenbecameproudofit

D.representedbytheinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】67.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“thecommission”定位到原文第一段Duringthe1960s,NewZealandestablishedaroyalcommissiontoexplorepossiblereformstoitsworkerscompensationsystem.（20世紀(jì)60年代，新西蘭成立了一個(gè)皇家委員會(huì)，探討對(duì)其工人薪酬制度可能進(jìn)行的改革）可知這個(gè)皇家委員會(huì)是在20世紀(jì)60年代（指1960~1969）成立，無(wú)法判斷是否成立于1960年，A選項(xiàng)“它成立于1960年”陳述和原文不符，B選項(xiàng)“它被授權(quán)探索對(duì)工人補(bǔ)償制度進(jìn)行可能的改革”以及D選項(xiàng)“這是一個(gè)皇家委員會(huì)”符合原文；第一段Assometimesoccurswithsuchbodies,itdecidednottobelimitedbyitsremitbutproceededinsteadtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.（正如這些機(jī)構(gòu)有時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生的那樣，它決定不受其職權(quán)范圍的限制，而是更廣泛地審查侵權(quán)制度）可知C選項(xiàng)“它決定更廣泛地審查侵權(quán)制度”符合原文。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

68.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“TheWoodhouseReport”定位到原文第二段amountingtoover40%ofthetotalsystemcosts,muchlowerthanthecomparablecostsinU.S.asbestoslitigationfirstlaunchedataroundthesametime（相當(dāng)于總制度成本的40%以上，遠(yuǎn)低于美國(guó)石棉訴訟中的可比成本）可知D選項(xiàng)“比美國(guó)的可比成本低得多”所提到的范圍比原文所提及的“遠(yuǎn)低于美國(guó)石棉訴訟中的可比成本”大得多，D選項(xiàng)對(duì)比原文有誤；第二段Itseverelycriticizedthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality,”（它嚴(yán)厲批評(píng)了基于過(guò)錯(cuò)的侵權(quán)制度的“虛假道德”）可知A選項(xiàng)“批評(píng)基于過(guò)錯(cuò)的侵權(quán)制度的‘虛假道德’”符合原文；第二段Inplaceoftort,theReportproposedacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationschemeforpersonalinjuriesgenerally…whilealsopromotingaccidentprevention…（報(bào)告提出了一個(gè)全面的人身傷害無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)賠償計(jì)劃……同時(shí)也促進(jìn)了事故預(yù)防……）可知B選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于全面無(wú)故障補(bǔ)償方案的提議”和C選項(xiàng)“事故預(yù)防”符合原文。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

69.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段In1972,theNationalPartygovernment,whoseJusticeandLabourministrieshadbeenactivelypromotingthecommissionandtheWoodhouseReport,pushedthroughtheAccidentCompensationAct.（1972年，國(guó)家黨政府，其司法部和勞動(dòng)部一直在積極推動(dòng)委員會(huì)和伍德豪斯報(bào)告，推動(dòng)通過(guò)了事故賠償法）可知C選項(xiàng)“司法部和勞工部積極推動(dòng)該法”符合原文，同時(shí)可知B選項(xiàng)“國(guó)家黨政府反對(duì)該法案”和原文相悖；第三段Amendedin1973bythenewLabourgovernmenttoincludeaccidentstonon-wageearners,theActwentintoeffectinApril1974（新工黨政府于1973年修訂了這項(xiàng)法案，將事故納入非工薪階層，該法案于1974年4月生效）可知法案生效于1974年4月，A選項(xiàng)“1973年4月生效”和D選項(xiàng)“該法案在1973年生效前進(jìn)行了修正”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

70.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“TheNewZealanders”定位到原文第四段Evenmoresurprising,thepublicdidnotdemandthenewsystem.（更令人驚訝的是，公眾并沒(méi)有要求新系統(tǒng)）可知新西蘭人最開(kāi)始并沒(méi)有支持新的侵權(quán)制度，而是不關(guān)心，A選項(xiàng)“從一開(kāi)始就支持”不符合原文，結(jié)合第四段最后一句NewZealanderstodaygenerallyregardtheirsystem(somedisputeddetailsaside)asamainstayoftheirsocialpolicy.（今天的新西蘭人普遍認(rèn)為他們的制度（撇開(kāi)一些有爭(zhēng)議的細(xì)節(jié)不談）是他們社會(huì)政策的支柱）可知起初不關(guān)心的新西蘭人們現(xiàn)在覺(jué)得自豪，選C選項(xiàng)“起初不關(guān)心，后來(lái)變得自豪”；第四段Instead,accordingtoGeoffreyPalmer,itwasthehandiworkofasmallgroupofdedicatedreformersledbyinfluentialandprestigiousjudges.（相反，據(jù)杰弗里帕爾默說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)由有影響力和聲望的法官領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的致力于改革的小團(tuán)體的杰作）可知B選項(xiàng)“由一小群獻(xiàn)身的改革者代表”并不是新西蘭民眾的態(tài)度，原文只是說(shuō)明這個(gè)制度是由有影響力和聲望的法官領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的致力于改革的小團(tuán)體的杰作；第四段Successwasassuredwhenthemajorgroupsopposingthereform—theinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions—turnedouttobepoliticallyweakandfragmented.（當(dāng)反對(duì)改革的主要團(tuán)體——保險(xiǎn)業(yè)、律師協(xié)會(huì)和工會(huì)——在政治上變得軟弱和支離破碎時(shí)，改革取得了成功）可知保險(xiǎn)業(yè)、律師協(xié)會(huì)和工會(huì)是反對(duì)改革的主要群體，并不是新西蘭人對(duì)新的侵權(quán)制度的態(tài)度，也不能算新西蘭人對(duì)這一制度的代表態(tài)度，D選項(xiàng)“以保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)、律師和工會(huì)為代表”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Wehavebeenhearing______accountsofyourwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.favored

B.favorable

C.favorite

D.favoring

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。favored“有利的；收到優(yōu)待的”；favorable“有利的；贊許的”；favorite“最喜愛(ài)的”；favoring“順利的；有幫助的”。句意：我們一直在聽(tīng)……你工作的報(bào)道。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

23.單選題

Thatbecamesomewhatmoregentleascarebecamemoresophisticated.Weenteredwhatmightbecalledthe（

）Period,wherethephysicianwaslikeafatherwhoknewwhatwasbestforhispatient.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Parental

B.Maternal

C.Fraternal

D.Paternal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Parental“父母的”；B選項(xiàng)Maternal“母親的”；C選項(xiàng)Fraternal“兄弟的”；D選項(xiàng)Paternal“父親的”句意：隨著護(hù)理工作變得越來(lái)越復(fù)雜，這種感覺(jué)也變得溫和了一些。我們進(jìn)入了所謂的“……期”，醫(yī)生就像一位父親，知道什么對(duì)他的病人是最好的。根據(jù)后面句意可知D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

24.單選題

Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschoolCognitiveresearchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthatrewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.

Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetaryrewardssparkscreativityingrade-schoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeedaidinventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.

“Ifkidsknowthey’reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,”saysRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNeward.“Butit’seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.”

Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesfor