人教版高中英語必修五知識點詳解

10/10人教版高中英語必修五知識點詳解Units1-21.doubtdoubt是高考中高頻考查詞匯。doubt可作動詞和名詞，是新課標(biāo)重點詞匯。其命題角度為：①作動詞時，若為肯定句，后跟賓語從句,通常用if/whether引導(dǎo)，若為否定句，則通常用that引導(dǎo)。②doubt作名詞時，通常用于Thereisnodoubtthat...(毫無疑問）結(jié)構(gòu)。2010年高考對doubt考查還將集中在其后跟從句時連接詞選擇上，也有可能將doubt與其他動詞或名詞放在一起進行詞義辨析。2.exposeexpose是新課標(biāo)要求掌握單詞，應(yīng)重點掌握它義項及常見用法，特別是beexposedto句式，其中to為介詞，后跟名詞、代詞和動名詞；同時注意exposedto作后置定語和用于句首作狀語用法。另外，beingexposedto結(jié)構(gòu)用動名詞形式作主語也是重點和難點，極易考查。預(yù)測2010年命題方向為exposedto作狀語和定語用法。3.absorbabsorb是新課標(biāo)重點單詞，重點掌握其“吸收（液體，熱）；吸收，理解（知識）”詞義及其beabsorbedin(全神貫注于……)用法，易考點為該短語位于句首作狀語和作后置定語兩點，考生應(yīng)能掌握beabsorbedby(為某事物所吸引)；還應(yīng)聯(lián)系beengagedin,bedevotedto,beinvolvedin和belostin等常見重點近義短語。4.apartfromapartfrom是常見介詞短語，意為“除……之外”，考生應(yīng)熟練掌握近義詞和短語：except,besides,inaddition(to),otherthan,exceptfor,exceptthat,exceptwhen等。預(yù)測2010年高考會在單項填空題中直接考查或者會出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解題中。5.availableavailable是新課標(biāo)重點單詞，在近幾年高考和各地模擬考試中出現(xiàn)頻率極高，主要考點為：①詞義(可得到，可用)。命題形式常為形容詞詞義辨析，如區(qū)分accessible,acceptable,sensible,favourite,average,convenient等。②用法。beavailableto意為“可利用”，beavailablefor意為“使……可以享受某物;使……買得起某物”,要了解二者區(qū)別。預(yù)測2010年高考命題會以考查詞義或者形容詞短語作后置定語為命題方向。6.consistofconsistof是近幾年高考高頻考查短語。①理解其詞義“組成，構(gòu)成”。②考查與其他近義詞組用法異同點。如bemadeupof,becomposedof,constitute,beformedof等?？忌貏e注意consistof要用主動形式表達(dá)，不用系表結(jié)構(gòu)。預(yù)測這一考點將成為2010年高考考查重點，特別是用consistingof作后置定語。7.breakdown由break構(gòu)成動詞短語是歷年高考命題重點?？忌仨毭鞔_breakdown幾個常見義項，根據(jù)不同語境加以判斷。breakdown，breakup,breakoff,breakaway,breakin等，都要求考生熟知它們常見義項，因為命題時可能會對該短語直接考查，也可在短文中考查對其意義理解。8.only+狀語（狀語從句）位于句首構(gòu)成部分倒裝這是考生必須熟練掌握句式之一，以往高考題中已多次考查到。倒裝句式有多種情況，該句式為日常交際中較常見一種。特別提示：only只有強調(diào)狀語或者狀語從句才構(gòu)成部分倒裝，強調(diào)主語或賓語不用倒裝。預(yù)測該句式是2010年高考命題考查重點。重要詞匯拓展Unit1Greatscientists1.____n.特征；特性2._____vt.&vi.結(jié)束；推斷出→______n.結(jié)論3._____vt.打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫4.______vt.參加；出席；照顧；護理→_____n.參加；出席；侍從；看護5._____vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光→_____n.暴露；揭穿；揭發(fā)6._____vt.&n.治愈；痊愈→______adj.可治愈______vt.&n.控制；支配8._____vt.吸收；吸引；使專心→______adj.被吸收；全神貫注9._____adj.嚴(yán)重；嚴(yán)厲；劇烈characteristic2.conclude；conclusion3.defeat4.attend；attendance5.expose；exposure6.cure；curable7.control8.absorb；absorbed9.severe10._____vt.宣布；通告→______n.宣布；宣告；通知11.______vt.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)→_____adj.有教育意義；有指導(dǎo)意義→_____n.指導(dǎo)；指示；指令→_____n.教師；講師；指導(dǎo)員12._____vt.&vi.捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助→______n.貢獻(xiàn)；奉獻(xiàn)13._____adj.有創(chuàng)造力；創(chuàng)造性；獨創(chuàng)→______n.創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)作14._____adj.熱情；熱心→______n.熱心；熱情15.______adj.小心；謹(jǐn)慎→______n.小心；謹(jǐn)慎；慎重16.______vt.拒絕；不接受；丟棄；拋棄17.______vt.建造；構(gòu)造；創(chuàng)立→______n.建造；建筑；結(jié)構(gòu)18.______vt.分析→______n.分析19.______vt.污染；弄臟→______n.污染10.announce;announcement111.instruct；instructive；instructioninstructor12.contribute；contribution13.creative；creation14.enthusiastic；enthusiasm15.cautious；caution16.reject17.construct;construction18.analyse;analysis19.pollute;pollution1.put_____提出2._____aconclusion得出結(jié)論3.in______另外4.____toanend結(jié)束5._____...to...將……和……連接起來6._____from除……之外7.be_____with對……嚴(yán)格8.lead_____導(dǎo)致；通向9.make______有道理；有意義；講得通10._____ofview態(tài)度；觀點11.be______to暴露于……12.be_____in全神貫注于……13._____into調(diào)查14.be____/______支持/反對e5.link6.apart7.strict8.to9.sense10.point11.exposed12.absorbed13.look14.for/against重點短語梳理1._____itscause______itscurewasunderstood.人們不但不知道它病源，也不了解它治療方法。2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied__________therewasanoutbreak.每次暴發(fā)（霍亂）時，都有大批驚恐老百姓死去。3.JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersupplies__________.約翰·斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過檢測。4.________youputthesunthere_____themovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星運動才能說得清楚。1.Neither;nor2.everytime3.beexamined4.Onlyif;did重點句型再現(xiàn)1.JohnSnowdefeats“KingCholera”.約翰·斯諾戰(zhàn)勝“霍亂王”?！鴇efeat意為“擊敗；打敗；使（計劃，希望）落空”。①defeat,conquer與overcome三個詞都含有“戰(zhàn)勝”、“擊敗”意思。defeat指“贏得勝利”,尤其指軍事上勝利,如defeattheenemy(打敗敵人);conquer指“征服;戰(zhàn)勝”,尤其指獲得對人、物或感情控制,如conquernature（征服自然）；overcome指“戰(zhàn)勝；壓倒；克服”，尤其指“感情”,如overcomedifficulties（克服困難）?！疽谆毂嫖觥窟x詞填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win）①Bynotworkinghardenoughyou____yourownpurpose.②Somecountriesmaybe____butcanneverbe_____.③Whois____thedrum?④He____thefirstprizeinthewritingcontest.【答案】①defeated②defeated;conquered③beating④won②defeat,beat與windefeat,beat都表示在戰(zhàn)斗或競賽中“戰(zhàn)勝,打敗(對手)”,后接競爭對手。如beatthecompetitor/thecountry/theteam...打敗對手/國家/隊……Icanbeat/defeatyouatswimming.我游泳能勝過你。Hewasdefeated/beatenatchess.他下象棋輸了。win也表示“戰(zhàn)勝,贏得”,但它賓語通常是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品或表尊重、崇拜之類意義詞。如winarace/abattle/awar/ascholarship/aprize/amedal/success/friendship/reward...贏得賽跑/戰(zhàn)役/戰(zhàn)爭/獎學(xué)金/獎品/獎?wù)?成功/友誼/獎賞……高手過招2.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助（那些）受到霍亂威脅普通百姓，他就感到很振奮。▲exposedtocholera在句中是過去分詞短語作后置定語，表示被動，修飾people，相當(dāng)于定語從句whichwereexposedtocholera意為“患霍亂”。▲expose意為“暴露；揭露；使曝光”，常與介詞to連用，表示“使暴露于（日光、風(fēng)雨等）；受到風(fēng)險；使面臨”。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：exposesth./sb./oneself(to...)顯露或暴露beexposedto暴露于高手過招用expose適當(dāng)形式填空①Insummer,______thesuncanbeveryharmfultoyourskin.②Thesoilwaswashedawaybytheflood,_____barerock.【答案】①beingexposedto②exposing3.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人們不但不知道它病源，也不了解它治療方法?！鴆urevt.&n.治愈，治療法；常用于curesb.of...結(jié)構(gòu)中。cure,treat,heal與recover①cure意為“治療；治愈”，多用于指藥物治療并治愈某種疾病或改正不良習(xí)氣。②treat為日常用語，意為“治療；醫(yī)治”，指治療病人全過程或活動。③heal意為“治愈（傷口）；醫(yī)治”，指治好外傷或燒傷后部位，使傷口愈合，不用于指治療感冒等疾病。④recover意為“痊愈,復(fù)原”，主要是指從病中痊愈了，常與from連用。Thatwillcurehimofhisbadhabits.那將改正他壞習(xí)慣。Thereareonlytwodoctorstotreatmorethan50patients.只有兩名醫(yī)生來治療50多個病人。Thewoundonmyarmhashealed.我胳膊上傷已痊愈了。He’snowfullyrecoveredfromhisbadcold.他現(xiàn)在已完全從重感冒中康復(fù)了。【易混辨析】完成句子①Penicillin_____________hispneumonia.盤尼西林治好了他肺炎。②Aftertheaccident,thelorrydriver_________forcutsandbruises.事故后卡車司機擦傷得到了治療。③Thecutonhisfinger_____quickly.他手指上傷口很快愈合了?！敬鸢浮竣賑uredhimof②wastreated③healed高手過招4.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.第二種看法是人們是在吃飯時把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)?！鴖uggestvt.暗示；表明(陳述語氣)；建議（suggestdoing;suggestthatclause）Hisattitudesuggestedthathewasnotinterestedinitatall.他態(tài)度表明他對此一點也不感興趣。Isuggestedthathe(should)adapthimselftohisnewconditions.我建議他應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新情況?！鴄bsorb意為“吸收；吸引；使專心；合并；吞并”，常見結(jié)構(gòu)：absorbone’sattention吸引某人注意力beabsorbedinsth.專心于某事beabsorbedby/into被……吞并；為……所吸收Cleverchildrenabsorbknowledgeeasily.聰明孩子掌握知識很容易。Aspirinisquicklyabsorbedby/intothebody.阿司匹林很快被身體吸收了。Heisabsorbedinhisbusiness.他專心致志地處理事務(wù)。Mostlittleshopshavebeenabsorbedintobigbusinesses.大多數(shù)小商店已被并入大公司。完成句子①_______________________________,themanwalkedintoawall.那個人看報紙?zhí)肷褡驳搅藟ι?。②Theywere______________________theshowontelevisionthattheyfoundithardtopullaway.他們聚精會神地看著電視里表演，舍不得離開?！敬鸢浮竣貲eeplyabsorbedinthenewspaper②sodeeplyabsorbedinwatching高手過招6.Fromthestomachthediseasequicklyattackedthebodyandsoontheaffectedpersondied.病從胃里發(fā)作而迅速殃及全身，患者很快就會死去?！鴉fectvt.意為“影響；作用于”，經(jīng)常表示某種變化，對象是人時，可指思想或感情上變化。affect,effect與influence①affect與effect均可表示“影響”，其區(qū)別是：前者是動詞(及物)，主要指一時影響，著重指影響動作，可指一般意義影響(不分好壞)，也可指不良影響；后者是名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))，兩者關(guān)系大致為：affect＝haveaneffecton。注意：effect有時雖用作及物動詞，但不表示“影響”，而表示“實現(xiàn)”或“產(chǎn)生”等。②influence表示“影響”，主要指對行為、性格、觀點等產(chǎn)生間接或潛移默化影響?？捎米骷拔飫釉~或名詞(通常不可數(shù)，但有時可與不定冠詞連用)?！疽谆毂嫖觥客瓿删渥覹eareinterestedintheweatherbecauseit_____________/____________________(對我們有直接影響)—whatwewear,whatwedo,andevenhowwefeel.【答案】affectsusdirectly/hasdirecteffectsonus6.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.看來水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住！鴅lamev.責(zé)備，譴責(zé)；把……歸咎于①blamesb.forsth./doingsth.為某事責(zé)備某人Heblamedyoufortheneglectofduty.他責(zé)備你玩忽職守。②blamesth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人ThepoliceblamedthetrafficaccidentonJackscarelessdriving.警察把那起交通事故歸咎于杰克粗心駕駛。③betoblame(for)應(yīng)（為……）承擔(dān)責(zé)任；該（為……）受責(zé)備。注意：此處不能用被動語態(tài)。blamen.埋怨，責(zé)備；責(zé)任taketheblameforsth.對某事負(fù)責(zé)任lay/puttheblameonsb.把某事歸咎于某人單項填空WeallfeelitisJackaswellashiswife_____thatfortheirson’sbadperformanceatschool.A.aretoblameB.istotheblamedC.aretobeblamedD.istoblame【解析】選D。句意為：我們覺得對于孩子在學(xué)校不好表現(xiàn)，除了杰克妻子外，杰克也有責(zé)任。betoblame是習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式，要用主動形式表示被動含義。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Thisnewe______forthecarworkswell.2.Shehasastrongc______.3.Thefarmersinthisareahadagoodharvestlastyearthankstothes_____farming.4.Thedoctorhadmyeyese______forweakening.5.Heb______meformynegligence(疏忽大意).6.Hefinishedhisworkina_______(積極)way.7.Wemusttryto______(分析)thecausesofthestrike.8.Hebecame_______(狂熱)aboutclassicalmusic.9.Hehas______(完成)thewholejobalready.10.Be______（謹(jǐn)慎）whenyoucrossthestreet.【答案】1.pleted10.cautiousII.用括號內(nèi)所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空1.JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe_____(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.2.Don’tdrink_____(pollute)water,becauseitcarriesthedisease.3.Someofthepeople______(invite)tothepartycouldn’tcome.4.Thereisacar_____(park)outsidethehouse.5.Wewere______(inspire)bythe______(inspire)news.6.Whyareyoulookingso_______(disappoint)?7.Thousandsof______(terrify)peopledied.【答案】1.astonished2.polluted3.invited4.parked5.inspired；inspiring6.disappointed7.terrifiedIII.翻譯句子1.不要在太陽下曬得太久，你會被曬傷。(sunburn)2.有組織旅行就是由某人或某機構(gòu)組織旅行。3.到了那時他才意識到造成損失有多大。4.每當(dāng)他遇到困難，他就會想起他媽媽。（everytime）5.正在建造那幢摩天大樓比去年建那幢還要高?！敬鸢浮?.Don’texposeyourselftothesunfortoolong.Youwillgetsunburned.2.Anorganizedtripisoneorganizedbysomeoneorsomeorganization.3.Onlythendidherealizehowmuchdamagehadbeencaused.4.Hewouldthinkofhismothereverytimehemetwithdifficulties.5.Theskyscraperbeingbuiltisstillhigherthantheonebuiltlastyear.Unit2TheUnitedKindom重要詞匯拓展1._____vt.分配；分開→_____adj.分離→_____n.分離；分開2._____n.矛盾；沖突3.______n.描寫；描述→____vt.描寫；描述4._____v.組成；一致→_____n.一致性；連貫性→_____adj.一致5._____vt.澄清；闡明→_____n.清楚；明晰；清澈divide;divided;division2.conflict3.description;describe4.consist；consistence；consistent5.clarify；clarity重要詞匯拓展6.____n.收集；收藏品→_____vt.&vi.收集；募集→____adj.集體7._____n.便利；方便→_____adj.便利；方便8._____vt.使激動；使膽戰(zhàn)心驚→____adj.激動→____adj.令人興奮9._____n.快樂；高興；喜悅；vt.使快樂；使欣喜→_____adj.高興→____adj.令人喜悅10._____vt.吸引；引起注意→_____n.吸引;吸引力；吸引人事物→_____adj.有吸引力；誘人11._____adj.壯麗；輝煌；極好12._____n.塑像；雕像13._____vt.籌備；安排；整理→_____n.籌備；安排；整理14._____n.錯誤；謬誤；過失6.collection；collect；collective7.convenience；convenient8.thrill；thrilled；thrilling9.delight；delighted；delightful10.attract;attraction;attractive11.splendid12.statue13.arrange；arrangement14.error1.____of由……組成2._____...into把……分成3.leave____遺漏；刪掉4._____down搗毀；（機器）出故障；分解；垮掉5._____to提及；參考6.for______為了方便7._____closeto接近；幾乎8.takethe_____of代替；取代9.break_____from掙脫（束縛）；脫離1.e8.place9.away重點短語梳理1.Thereis________todebateanymorewhydifferentwordsareusedtodescribethefourcountries.再也沒有什么必要爭論為什么要用不同詞去描述這四個國家了。2.Thethreecountries______________peacefullyinsteadofbywar.這三個國家發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并沒有通過戰(zhàn)爭就和平統(tǒng)一起來了。3.Itseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunism____________anddiedinLondon.這似乎很奇怪：這位發(fā)展了共產(chǎn)主義人竟然在倫敦生活過，并且在倫敦去世。noneed2.foundthemselvesunited3.shouldhavelived重點句型再現(xiàn)1.HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?英國是由幾個國家（部分）組成？▲consistof組成；構(gòu)成；由……組成(后接of，用于主動語態(tài))Ourclassconsistedoffiftystudentsatthattime.當(dāng)時我們班有50個學(xué)生?！韭?lián)想拓展】consistvi.①符合；并存；一致（與with連用）Theoryshouldconsistwithpractice.理論應(yīng)與實踐相一致。②在于，存在于（常與in連用）ThebeautyofVeniceconsistsinthestyleofitsancientbuilding.威尼斯美在于其古建筑風(fēng)格。【易混辨析】comprise,compose,constitute與makeup這一組動詞都有“組成，包含”意思，不過comprise和constitute是及物動詞，要用主動形式；而compose和makeup則需后跟of,用于系表結(jié)構(gòu)中。Ourcompany’sproductlinecomprises2,500differentitems.我們公司生產(chǎn)線是由2500個不同組成部分構(gòu)成。Crimeandillegaldrugsconstitutethecitysmajorproblems.犯罪和非法毒品買賣是這個城市面臨主要問題。Thecommitteewascomposedmainlyofteachersandparents.委員會主要由教師和學(xué)生家長組成。Acarismadeupofmanydifferentparts.汽車由很多不同零部件組成。用適當(dāng)介詞填空①TheUnitedNationsOrganizationconsists____over160nations.②Ourgreatesthappinessconsists____servingthepeople.③Healthdoesn’tconsist_____smoking.【答案】①of②in③with2.NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.如今，只要有人提起英格蘭，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)威爾士總是包括在內(nèi)。▲referto①查閱;參考Ifyouwanttoknowhistelephonenumber,youmayrefertothetelephonedirectory.如果你想知道他電話號碼，你可以查電話簿。②談到;提到TheoldsoldierreferredtohisexperiencesduringtheLongMarch.老戰(zhàn)士談到了長征時一些經(jīng)歷。③適用于;涉及ThesebooksrefertoAsianproblems.這些書涉及亞洲問題。④把……提交給……;把……委托給……Idontwanttoreferthispatienttoanirresponsibledoctor.我不想把這個病人交給一個不負(fù)責(zé)醫(yī)生。⑤使……向……請教;使……求助于……IreferredhertoTomforfurtherinformation.我讓她到湯姆那兒去詢問詳情。⑥把……歸功于……Hereferredhissuccesstothegoodeducationhehadhad.他把他成功歸功于他所受良好教育。⑦認(rèn)為……起源于……TheinventionofthepapermakingisreferredtoChina.造紙術(shù)起源于中國。用括號內(nèi)所給短語適當(dāng)形式填空OnAidsDay,theministeroftheHealthDepartmentdemandedtheproblems_______________(referto)paidspecialattentionto.【答案】referredto(should)be3.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandbrokeawaytoformitsowngovernment.然而，愛爾蘭南部卻不愿意組建聯(lián)合王國，它分離出去并建立了自己政府?！鴅reakaway(from)突然逃掉或離開;斷絕往來,脫離;改掉(舊習(xí)慣）①breakdown(機器、車輛等)壞了；(計劃、談判等)失??；(談話、通訊等)中斷；(健康、精神等)變壞；垮掉②breakin突然進來，強行進入；插嘴，打岔③breakinto強行進入;突然……起來;打斷，插嘴④breakoff停止講話;暫停;休息;(使)折斷⑤breakout(火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭等)突然發(fā)生或爆發(fā)⑥breakthrough突破;克服;征服;強行穿過/進入⑦breakup解散;驅(qū)散;(學(xué)校等)放假;結(jié)束;破裂;絕交用適當(dāng)介詞或副詞填空①Thievesbroke____thehousewhenthecouplewerewatchingTV.②Aquarrelbroke____betweenthem.③Thesoldiersbroke_____theenemy’sdefenceworks.④Theschoolhasbroken______fortheholidays.⑤Dadwouldoccasionallybreak______withasuggestion.⑥Tombroke_____thedoorofourclassroomlastweek.高手過招intooutthroughupindown4.Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitisdividedroughlyintothreezones.在這四個國家中，英格蘭是最大。為了方便起見，它大致可以劃分為三個地區(qū)?！鴆onveniencen.①適宜；便利；方便（不可數(shù)）conveniencefood便利食品；conveniencestore便利店②便利事物/設(shè)施(可數(shù))convenientadj.方便(可用作定語和表語)。作表語時，不可用人作主語，而要用事物或形式主語it作主語，其后常接介詞for/to或不定式。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/wasconvenientforsb.todosth.對某人來說……方便；sth.beconvenientto/forsb./sth.對某人/物來說……是方便。Willitbeconvenientforyoutostartworktomorrow?你明天開始工作方便嗎?Wemustarrangeaconvenienttimeandplaceforthemeeting.我們必須安排一個合適時間和地點開會。單項填空Comeandseemewhenever_______.A.youareconvenientB.youwillbeconvenientC.itisconvenienttoyouD.itwillbeconvenienttoyou【解析】選C。convenient主語不可以是人，排除A、B兩項。whenever引導(dǎo)是時間狀語從句，其謂語動詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時，不可用一般將來時。高手過招Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Thecommitteec______oftenmembers.2.Ifyoud______30by5,theansweris6.3.Wouldyouliketodoacrosswordp______?4.Thisbuildingwasc_______inthe1810sandithasahistoryofabout200years.5.TheymarriedlastmonthbutIdidn’tattendtheirw______.6.Weshoulddoallwecantoimprovethe______(關(guān)系)betweenourtwocountries.7.Thepositionofthehousecombinesquietnessand_______(方便).8.Thepaintingcomesfromhisprivate_______(收藏).9.Toour______(高興),hepassedtheentranceexamination.10.Canyou______(安排)foracartocollectthemfromtheairport?【答案】1.consists2.divide3.puzzle4.constructed5.wedding6.relations7.convenience8.collection9.delight10.arrangeII.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1.HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?Howmanycountriesis__________theUK?2.ForthoseyouhavetogotoolderbutsmallertownsfirstbuiltbytheRomans.Forthoseyouhavetogotoolderbutsmallertowns__________first_____bytheRomans.3.Worriedaboutthetimeavailable,ZhangPingyuhadlistedthesitesshewantedtoseeinLondon.Becauseshe_________aboutthetimeavailable,ZhangPingyuhadmadea__________thesitesshewantedtoseeinLondon.4.Onmywaytothestationsomethingwaswrongwithmycar.Onmywaytothestationmycar___________.5.WhenshesawmanyvisitorsenjoyinglookingatthebeautifuloldChinesepotsandotherobjectsonshow,shefeltveryproudofhercountry._______manyvisitorsenjoyinglookingatthebeautifuloldChinesepotsandotherobjectsonshow,shetook___________hercountry.【答案】1.madeupof2.which/thatwere;built3.wasworried;listof4.brokedown5.Seeing;prideinIII．翻譯句子1.在這個單詞中，有一個字母漏掉了。2.未來，地鐵將會逐步取代公共汽車，成為人們主要交通工具。3.如果你繼續(xù)那樣工作話，你身體很快會垮下來。4.噪音那么多，以至于演講者無法使自己被聽眾聽清楚?！敬鸢浮?.Aletterisleftoutinthisword.2.Thesubwaywilltaketheplaceofthebustobecomethemainvehicleforthepeopleinthefuture.3.Ifyoucontinueworkinglikethat,yourbodywillbreakdownsoon.4.Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimselfheard.Units3-51.impressionimpression是高考重點單詞，考查角度通常有兩點：一是名詞詞義辨析，二是leaveadeepimpressiononsb.句式。同時還應(yīng)聯(lián)想到impressive和impress主要用法：sth.impresssb.;sb.impresssb.withsth.或sb.impressonsb./sth.。預(yù)測2010年高考命題會以詞義辨析為重點。2.remindremind是新課標(biāo)要求必須完全掌握單詞?？忌灰莆掌湓~義，二要熟悉其主要用法：remindsb.ofsth.；remindthatclause，尤其是前者?？陕?lián)想到informsb.of;warnsb.of，accusesb.of;convincesb.of等句式。預(yù)測2010年高考有可能考查該句式。3.requirerequire是新課標(biāo)重點單詞，必須掌握require，request與demand詞義和用法上辨析。如requiretodo；requiresb.todo；demandtodo及其后面賓語從句或相應(yīng)同位語從句中用thatsb./sth.(should)do虛擬語氣句式。同時聯(lián)想到suggest,order,insist等詞類似用法。預(yù)測2010年高考試題將以考查虛擬語氣用法為重點。4.approveapprove是新課標(biāo)重點單詞，考生應(yīng)重點掌握其“贊許；批準(zhǔn)；認(rèn)可”詞義，會區(qū)別appoint,approach,apply,appreciate,appropriate等重點詞匯。除此以外，還應(yīng)掌握approve(of)sth./doingsth.用法及其名詞approval。預(yù)測2010年高考命題較有可能在完形填空或閱讀理解中出現(xiàn)。5.blameblame為高考中高頻考查詞匯?？疾榻嵌韧ǔ椋孩俳Y(jié)合非謂語動詞進行考查，如(2006·福建)；②考查其固定用法：betoblame,如（2006·安徽）。2010年高考有可能考查固定用法betoblame。6.takeup由take構(gòu)成動詞短語是歷年高考重點，或者在單項填空中直接考查，或者在閱讀理解中間接考查。takeup義項較多，但都必須牢記，同時聯(lián)想take構(gòu)成其他短語及其與pickup,