Module12 Unit 3語法講解 復(fù)習(xí)梳理課件-外研版八年級(jí)英語上冊

Unit3LanguageinuseModule12HelpTosummariseandconsolidatetheuseofmodalverbs—must,can,could(forprediction)Towriteinstructionsonself-protectionindisastersoraccidentsPhrasescompetition急救/基本的醫(yī)療幫助在…底部處于疼痛中首先找出/找到他怎么了我們能做什么我們怎么做做…有困難請(qǐng)求幫助抬起…做醫(yī)療培訓(xùn)確保用…覆蓋如此…以至于…firstaidbasicmedicalhelpatthebottomofbeinpainfirstofallfindoutWhat'swrongwithhim?Whatdowedo?Howdowedothat?havetroubleindoingshoutfor/askforhelpliftupdosomemedicaltrainingmakesurecoversbwithsthsuch…thatso…thatUnit1Unit21.在地震中2.在地震期間3.向外跳4.躲在桌子底下5.遠(yuǎn)離窗戶和

笨重的家具6.避開火源7.迅速離開建筑物8.地面停止晃動(dòng)9.不要使用電梯10.保持鎮(zhèn)靜1.in

anearthquake2.duringanearthquake3.jumpoutof4.hideunderatable5.stayawayfromwindowsandheavyfurniture6.keepclearoffires.7.leavethebuildingquickly8.thegroundstopsshaking9.donotusethelift10.keepcalm11.當(dāng)你和其他人在一起12.要勇敢和樂于助人13.不要站在路燈附近14.在電線下面15.當(dāng)心滾落的巖石16.在沙灘上17.跑離大海18.快速向更高處轉(zhuǎn)移19.總之11.whenyouarewithotherpeople12.Bebraveandbehelpful13.Donotstandnearstreetlights14.underpowerlines15.becarefuloffallingrocks16.Onabeach17.runawayfromthesea18.Movequicklytohigherground19.Inshort1.地震總是發(fā)生得很突然，所以很難給予人們預(yù)警。Earthquakesalwayshappensuddenly,so

people

them.2.保持鎮(zhèn)定，尤其是當(dāng)身邊還有其他人的時(shí)候。

,especiallywhenyouare

otherpeople.3.避開火。

fires.4.在山里時(shí)，要小心滾落的巖石。Inthemountains,

fallingrocks.5.總之，按照在學(xué)校所學(xué)到的(地震)知識(shí)去做。

,follow

inschool.完成下列句子。itisdifficulttowarnaboutKeepcalmwithKeepclearofbecarefulofInshortwhatyoulearntThat________(可能)beharmful!Betty,you________(一定)know!

__________________(遠(yuǎn)離)windowsandheavyfurniture.4._______________________(不要站在……附近)streetlightsorunderpowerlines.StayawayfrommustcouldDonotstandnear根據(jù)漢語提示補(bǔ)全句子，每空一詞。祈使句表達(dá)說話人的叮囑、勸告、希望、禁止、建議、請(qǐng)求或命令等。一般以動(dòng)詞原形開頭，無時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。祈使句接下來我們來復(fù)習(xí)一下Module12所學(xué)語法知識(shí)：祝你度過美好的一天！

Haveaniceday!別浪費(fèi)時(shí)間了！

Don’twasteyourtime！請(qǐng)走這邊。

Comethisway,please.確保他不受涼。

Makesurehe’swarm.男孩們，請(qǐng)安靜！ Pleasebequiet.boy!

動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成的祈使句e.g.此類祈使句暗含的主語是you,但通常省略。否定句往往由donot(don’t)或never開頭，祈使句的句首或句末有時(shí)加please,還可以加上稱呼語，用逗號(hào)與句子主體隔開。這周咱們到鄉(xiāng)下度周末吧。Let’sspendthisweekendinthecountryside.我們坐出租車好嗎？Let’stakeataxi,shallwe?2.let’s構(gòu)成的祈使句(提出建議)請(qǐng)稍等！

Justaminute,please!請(qǐng)這邊走！

Thisway,please!e.g.e.g.3.無動(dòng)詞祈使句(請(qǐng)求、命令、口號(hào)等)祈使句肯定祈使句類型形式例句Do型動(dòng)詞原形（+賓語）+其他成分Pleasehaveaseathere.請(qǐng)這邊坐。Be型Be+表語（名詞或形容詞）+其他成分Beagoodchild!要做一個(gè)好孩子！Let型Let+賓語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分Letmehelpyou.讓我來幫你。省略型名詞或名詞短語（根據(jù)上下文省略動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組）Thisway,please.

請(qǐng)這邊走。否定祈使句類型形式例句Do型Don’t+動(dòng)詞原形（+賓語）+其他成分Don’tforgetme!

不要忘記我！Be型Don’t+be+表語（名詞或形容詞）+其他成分Don’tbelateforschool!

上學(xué)不要遲到！Let型第一種：

Don’t+let+賓語+動(dòng)詞原形

+其他成分第二種：Let+賓語+

not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分Don’tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.

別讓他走。警示型No+名詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式Nosmoking!禁止吸煙！Nofishing!禁止垂釣！祈使句的用法祈使句，表請(qǐng)求、命令或禁止。主語是you常省去，動(dòng)詞原形開頭記憶。否定形式要注意，把don’t放到句首去。要講客氣用please，句首、句末沒關(guān)系。助記根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)提示完成下列祈使句1．_Don't__speak_(notspeak)withyourmouthfulloffoodand__be__(be)polite.2．__Don't__play_(notplay)toomanycomputergames.3．_Choose_(choose)meandIcanmakemyclassroombeautiful.4．Just_go_(go)straightandturnleft.5．Let's_listen_(listen)tosomesweetmusic，shallwe?6．_Take_(take)yourumbrella,oryou'llcatchacoldonsucharainyday.7．—Sorry，I'mlate.—_Don't_tell_(nottell)methebusbrokedownagain!Exercise一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,could,must表示推測1.我們學(xué)習(xí)過情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,could表示“能夠，可以”等意義的用法。除此之外，can和could還可以表示推測，意為“會(huì)，可能”，但can表示推測時(shí)，常用于否定句或疑問句中。用于疑問句時(shí)，can比could表示的“可能性”要大；用于否定句時(shí)，can't(cannot)意為“不可能”。could可用于肯定句、否定句或疑問句。Can/Couldthisbetrue?這可能是真的嗎？Thiscan'tbetherightroad.這不可能是正確的路。2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must也可以表示猜測，意為“一定，準(zhǔn)是”，通常只用于肯定句，表示有把握的推測。Themanmustbeyourteacher.那人肯定是你的老師。Youmustbetiredafterthelongwalk.走了這么長的路，你一定累了。結(jié)構(gòu)形式用法例句情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事情的推測Somethingmustbewrongwithmybike.我的自行車一定是出了毛病。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+動(dòng)詞的-ing形式表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事情的推測Mybrothermightbehavingbreakfastathome.我的哥哥可能正在家里吃早飯。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+

have+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示對(duì)過去或已完成的事情的推測Imusthaveputmykeyssomewhereinthebedroom.我一定是把鑰匙放在臥室的某個(gè)地方了。不同的形式表示不同的時(shí)態(tài)：表推測的意義和用法：句式情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法意義例句肯定句must表示有把握的肯定推測

一定；

肯定Miller

must

be

very

tired

after

a

long

journey.長途旅行后，米勒一定很累。could/may/might其肯定程度逐漸減弱，表示把握不大的推測可能Itmightrainthis

afternoon.今天下午可能會(huì)下雨。否定句can’t表示有把握的否定推測不可能Amycan’tbeatschool.It’sSundaytoday.艾米不可能在學(xué)校里。今天是星期天。疑問句can/could表示推測可能CanPeterstillbealiveaftersomanyyears?過了這么多年，皮特可能還活著嗎?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測用can't，could或must填空1．Thereisachanceofrocksfalling.You__could__gethurt.2．Mary__can't__beathome.Isawherinthelibraryjustnow.3．It__must__beTom’s.Lookathisnameonthecover!4．—Istillhaven'tfoundmypetdog.—I'msorrytohearthat.You__must__beverysad.5．—IsthatmanMr.Zhang?—It__can't__behim.HewenttoBeijingforameetingyesterday.6．—Myhouseisnearabusystreet.—It__can't__beveryquiet.Exercise1.It’sdangerous.You______keepout!2.Thesestairsarenotsafe.You________usethem.3.Therocksarefallingdown.You______gethit.4.Theriveristoodeep.You________swiminit.5.Betty______knowwhattodobecauseshedidsomebasicmedicaltraining.mustmustn’tcouldmustn’tmustCompletethesentenceswithcould,mustormustn't.1.Get/Donot

getmedicalhelpimmediately.2.Ask/Donot

askthemwherethepainis.3.Lift/Donot

liftthembecauseyoumaydropthem.4.Keep/Donotkeepthemwarm.Underlinethecorrectwordstocompletethefirstaidinstructions.donotuse,hideunder,keep,leave,stayawayWhenthereisanearthquake...1.___________fromthewindows.2.___________atable.3.___________thelift.4.__________thebuildingquicklywhenthegroundstopsshaking.5.__________calm.StayawayHideunderDonotuseLeaveKeepCompletetheposteraboutearthquakeswiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressionsinthebox.Tony:Damingistraininghardforthebigmatch.Lingling:Yes,theteamhasagood(1)_______thisyear.Tony:Ohno,Daming’s(2)_________.He’sdown!Lingling:Itlookslikehe’s(3)_________.inpainchanceintroublechance,Cover,inpain,introuble,medical

Completetheconversationwiththewordsandexpressionsinthebox.Tony:Daming,whathappened?Daming:It’smyleg.Lingling:(4)_________himwithmycoat.Tony:Butdon’tmovehim.Let’swaitforsomeonewith(5)

_________training.Lingling:OK.medicalCoverchance,Cover,inpain,introuble,medical

Informationiscominginthattherecouldbe(1)________becauseofheavyraininthenorth.Thegovernmentis(2)___________peopleaboutfalling(3)_______.Someroadshavealotofrocksonthem,butpeoplearetryingto(4)________themquickly.Insomeplacesthereisno(5)_________.Andpeoplemuststay(6)________tokeepawayfromfallingrocks.cleartroublewarningrocksclear,inside,power,rock,trouble,warnCompletethenewsreportwiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.insidepower√√1.Thereareproblemseverywherebecauseofrain.2.Thegovernmentiswarningpeopleaboutanearthquake.3.Someroadsinthemountainshavealotofrocksonthem.4.Peoplearetryingtocleartherocksofftheroads.5.Thereisnoproblemwithpower.Nowreadthereportagainandcheck(√)thetruesentences.1.Wewerehaving_______athomewhentheearthquakehappened.2.Theroomstartedto_______.3.Fathershoutedtoeveryonetogetunderthe______________.4.Wecouldnotgetoutoftheroombecausethe______wouldnotopen.5.Myfathercalledforhelponhis______________.6.Peoplecametohelpusandweleftour_________.dinnershakekitchentabledoormobilephoneflatListenandcompletethesentences.Whosavedonehundredothertouristsin2004?Aten-year-oldgirl.Listentothepassageandanswerthequestion.1.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?a)2004Asiantsunami.b)Agirlsavestouristsfromtsunami.c)Underwaterearthquakes.2.WhatdidTillynotice?a)Watercomingtothebeach.b)Peoplewatchingthewater.c)Bubblesinthewater.Readthepassageandchoosethecorrectanswer.3.WhatdoesherteacherthinkofTilly?a)She’slucky.b)Shedoesn’tdosillythings.c)She’sacleverstudent.SpecialbuildingsinJapan

EarthquakesareverycommoninJapan.Manycancausealotofdamage.Butnowtherearenewwaysofconstructingbuildingstomakethemsaferandstrongerduringearthquakes.TheYokohamaLandmarkTowerisoneofthetallestbuildingsinJapan.Itisheavyandstrong.Itsitsonrollers.Thismeanstheearthcanriseandfallbeneaththebuildingwithoutshakingit.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.1.WhatisoneofthetallestbuildinginJapan?2.Whyisthebuildingspecial?TheYokohamaLandmarkTower.Itsitsonrollers.Thismeanstheearthcanriseandfallbeneaththebuildingwithoutshakingit.地震多發(fā)國——日本日本是一個(gè)地震多發(fā)的國家，但日本民眾的防災(zāi)意識(shí)強(qiáng)。日本政府會(huì)向民眾分發(fā)地震防災(zāi)手冊、傳授預(yù)防海嘯的知識(shí)、舉行防災(zāi)訓(xùn)練、熟悉避難路徑和避難屋所在地等。

日本的公立小學(xué)每月都要舉行地震演習(xí)。學(xué)生要戴特制的黃色帽子，躲藏到課桌下，抓住桌腳，直到“地震”結(jié)束。教師會(huì)在“地震”結(jié)束后帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生逃離教學(xué)樓，然后集合點(diǎn)名。必要時(shí)候大一點(diǎn)的學(xué)生要學(xué)習(xí)使用緊急降落傘從頂層降落到地面。

日本主婦們長期從事家務(wù)活動(dòng)，積累了豐富的室內(nèi)防震經(jīng)驗(yàn)。她們一覺察到大地?fù)u動(dòng)她們就立即關(guān)閉火源，打開可出逃的門窗。日本家庭通常會(huì)準(zhǔn)備幾個(gè)“防災(zāi)袋”，里面有多種應(yīng)急用品，包括食品、飲用水、藥品、手電筒、毛巾、口罩、繩索、口哨等。在辦公室、商場、街道等其他場合，日本人也設(shè)計(jì)了不少避險(xiǎn)和互救方式，比如牢記發(fā)生地震時(shí)避免停留在貨架或懸空物體附近，一些公共場所繪制有詳細(xì)的逃生路線圖等等。地震多發(fā)國——日本日本是一個(gè)地震多發(fā)的國家。一年到頭每天都有各種小型地震發(fā)生，日本民眾的防災(zāi)意識(shí)強(qiáng)。日本政府會(huì)向民眾分發(fā)地震防災(zāi)手冊、傳授預(yù)防海嘯的知識(shí)、舉行防災(zāi)訓(xùn)練、熟悉避難路徑和避難屋所在地等。

日本的公立小學(xué)每月都要舉行地震演習(xí)。學(xué)生要戴特制的黃色帽子，躲藏到課桌下，抓住桌腳，直到“地震”結(jié)束。教師會(huì)在“地震”結(jié)束后帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生逃離教學(xué)樓，然后集合點(diǎn)名。如果地震發(fā)生時(shí)學(xué)生正在學(xué)校操場上，他們會(huì)遠(yuǎn)離建筑物，在操場中央集合。必要時(shí)候大一點(diǎn)的學(xué)生要學(xué)習(xí)使用緊急降落傘從頂層降落到地面。日本學(xué)校里的地震演習(xí)往往與火災(zāi)演習(xí)結(jié)合在一起，每一次校方設(shè)計(jì)的火災(zāi)爆發(fā)位置都有所不同，以幫助學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)不同的情況。日本主婦們長期從事家務(wù)活動(dòng)，積累了豐富的室內(nèi)防震經(jīng)驗(yàn)。由于地震可能引發(fā)燃?xì)夤艿榔屏焉踔粱馂?zāi)，因此一覺察到大地?fù)u動(dòng)她們就立即關(guān)閉廚房火源，打開可出逃的門窗。日本家庭通常會(huì)準(zhǔn)備幾個(gè)“防災(zāi)袋”，里面有多種應(yīng)急用品，包括食品、飲用水、藥品、手電筒、毛巾、口罩、繩索、口哨等。并會(huì)定期檢查和更換，以防過期或失效。

在辦公室、商場、街道等其他場合，日本人也設(shè)計(jì)了不少避險(xiǎn)和互救方式，比如牢記發(fā)生地震時(shí)避免停留在貨架或懸空物體附近，一些公共場所繪制有詳細(xì)的逃生路線圖等等。MakingaposteraboutpreventingaccidentsatschoolSchoolaccidentsHowWhereHurtinghands/knees/legsRunningfast/PlayingfootballPlaygroundCuttingfingerPlaywithasmallknifeClassroom…Makealistofaccidentsthatcanhappenatschool.