2023年中考英語語法專項復(fù)習(xí)課件動詞-語態(tài)

動詞-語態(tài)中考專項復(fù)習(xí)

語態(tài)是動詞一種表現(xiàn)形式，說明主謂之間的關(guān)系。分為主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)0102基本形式考點基本形式主語+bedone(一)被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成例句一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)am/is/are＋過去分詞Englishisspokenbymostpeopleintheworld.(世界上大多數(shù)人說英語。)一般過去時的被動語態(tài)was/were＋過去分詞Iwastoldtocomeearly.(我被告知要早來。)一般將來時的被動語態(tài)will/shall+be+過去分詞Thebridgewillbefinishedintwoweeks.(這座橋兩周后竣工。)現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)have/has＋been＋doneTheworkhasbeenfinished.(工作已經(jīng)做完了。)含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞Lotsofstarscanbeseenintheskyatnight.(晚上在天空中會看到很多星星。)(二)主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法(三)被動語態(tài)的用法1．不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。如：ThewatchismadeinChina.(這塊手表是在中國制造的。)2．沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者。如：Well，asfarasIknow，teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofthemountains.(嗯，據(jù)我所知，茶樹生長在山的兩側(cè)。)3．需要強調(diào)或突出動作的承受者。如：Yourworkmustbefinishedtoday.(你的工作必須今天完成。)4．句子的主語是動作的承受者。如：TheteaispackedandsenttomanydifferentcountriesandplacesaroundChina.(茶葉被包裝好，送往許多不同的國家和中國各個地方。)(四)主動結(jié)構(gòu)表被動意義的情況1．open，lock，write，read，sell，clean，watch，cut，burn，drive等詞作不及物動詞時，當(dāng)它們的主語為物時，可用主動結(jié)構(gòu)表被動意義。如：Thiskindofpenwritesverysmoothly.(這種鋼筆寫起來很流暢。)2．look，sound，taste，smell等感官動詞用主動結(jié)構(gòu)表被動意義。如：Lightmusicsoundsverysoft.(輕音樂聽起來很柔和。)3．beworthdoing用主動形式表被動意義。如：Thisbookisworthreading.(這本書值得讀一讀。)4．want/need/require＋doing相當(dāng)于want/need/require＋tobedone。tobedone為不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Mybikeneedsrepairing.＝Mybikeneedstoberepaired.(我的自行車需要修理。)5．在too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。如：Theplaneistoohightosee.(飛機(jī)飛得太高了，都看不見了。)6．形容詞easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，nice，dangerous，exciting，funny,heavy,important，good，interesting等后面接不定式作狀語時，往往用主動形式表示被動意義。如：Thistextiseasytounderstand.(這篇課文容易理解。)7．動詞不定式作定語時，若它的邏輯主語是句子的主語或賓語，則可以用主動形式表示被動意義。如：Theyhavealotofworktodo.(他們有很多工作要做。)考點考點時態(tài)+被動語態(tài)情態(tài)動詞+被動語態(tài)省略to的不定式的被動不用被動考點(1)Asweallknow,it____totakephotosin

themuseum.A.doesn’tallowB.isn’tallowedC.hasn’tallowedD.wasn’tallowed玩轉(zhuǎn)考點考點(2)Manyhouses___bytheearthquakeandthousandsofpeoplewerehomeless.A.damaged B.weredamaged

C.weredamaging D.aredamaged考點(3)NowadaysChinese_____bymoreandmorepeople,whichmakesChineseculturepopularintheworld.A.speak B.speaks C.wasspoken D.isspoken考點Allthefoodshouldbeeatenup.◆情態(tài)動詞+被動語態(tài)情態(tài)動詞+bedone考點“起來”類“變得”類“發(fā)生”類“保持”類特征狀態(tài)◆不用被動考點“起來”類looksmellfeeltastesoundThemilktastesverycold.考點Theweathergetshotter.“變得”類get,turn,become,go,grow考點happentakeplace“發(fā)生”

類Anaccidenthappenedonthisroadlastnight.考點remainstay“保持”

類keepThematterwillkeepuntilmorning.考點特征狀態(tài)01sellopenclose0203Theshopopensatnineo’clock.考點◆省略to的不定式的被動IheardLilysingintheroom.Lilywasheard

singintheroom.to考點beheardtodobeseentodobemadetodo(1)ChineseNewYear____thespringFestival.Peopleofteneatdumplings.

A.iscalled

B.wascalled

C.calls

D.Called(2)She_______togiveatalkabouthowtosavewateryesterday.A.inviteB.invitedC.isinvitedD.wasinvited(3)Lightbulbs____byThomasEdisonmorethanonehundredyearsago.A.inventB.inventedC.areinventingD.wereinvented玩轉(zhuǎn)考點1．Tocelebratethe100thbirthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChina，aspeechcompetition______inourschoollastweek.A．holdB．heldC．isheldD．washeld2．Rainbows______whensunlightpassesthroughsmalldropsofwaterinthesky.A．produceB．producedC．a(chǎn)reproducedD．wereproduced3．—Didyounoticethestudents______afewwhyquestionsinMr.Zhang’sclass?—Yes，Ithinkhewantedtotraintheirabilitiesofdeepthinking.A．a(chǎn)reaskedB．mustbeaskedC．havebeenaskedD．wereaskedDDC4．Thesegifts______bychildrenintheirlastsummerholidays.A．madeB．weremadeC．makeD．a(chǎn)remade5．TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecartoonhero.Today，he______bypeopleofallages.A．willloveB．waslovedC．islovedD．willbeloved6．—Thismathproblem______inhalfanhour.—Don’tworry.Mr.Wangisgoodatmath.Hecanmakeit.A．isworkingoutB．wouldworkoutC．shouldbeworkedoutD．hasworkedout7．The2022AsianGames______inHangzhou.A．holdB．heldC．willbeheldD．haveheldCCCB8．ThemandidagreatjobinfightingCOVID-19.He______onTVandbecomesveryknown.A．interviewedB．hasinterviewedC．wasinterviewedD．willbeinterviewed9．TheshopinWandaSquare______forsixyears，butI______theresofar.A．has