2020屆廣東省深圳市高三第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題(教師版)

2020屆高三年級第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題注意事項：答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上 ,寫在本試卷上無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ANewYork’sbestclassesforkidsincludesportsclasses,performingartsclasses,artclasses,languageprogramsandbabyclasses.Makesureyourkidsarereadyfornewadventureswiththesesuper-coolofferings!92ndStreetYClassesAtthisinstitutionyourmusiciancanlearnhowtoplayaninstrument.After-schoolclassesexaminedifferentmusicalpiecesandencourageworkinagroupsetting.Attheendoftheprogram,miniMozartscanimpresstheirfamilyandfriendsatopen-houseperformances.Plus,whenthey'renotjamming,kidscantakeadvantageofhomeworkhelpintheClubhouse,wheretheyaredividedupbygradelevel.Ages5-15.TheCliffsatLICAfteradayoffightingtheacademicobstaclecourseatschool,yourfavoriteachieverscanreachnewheightsonarock-climbingwall.TheCliffs,offeringsallowdevelopingbodiestobuildmusclestrength.Forexample,introductorysessionsteachclimbershowtotiesafetyknots（結(jié)）aswellasotherbasics,masteringthemwithhands-ongamesandactivities.TheCliffsatLIC,LongIslandCity.Ages6-18.StatenIslandSkatingPavilionThislargeareamaintainsitsyear-roundfrostytemperaturesforice-skatingfun.Coursesareofferedeverydayforavarietyofinterestsandskilllevels,andpublicandfreestylesessionsareavailableforchildrenwhowanttospendsomeafternoonstherewithoutinstruction.Ages4andup.WestSideYMCAIfyourchildwantstolearnhowtoswim,you'dbepressedtofindmoreoptionsthanthoseofferedattheY.Kidsaregroupedbyageandcapability.Thecoursescoverpersonalsafetyandstroketechniques.Ifyouroffspringprefer

dryland,theYalsooffersdance,basketballandfootball.Visitwebsiteforclassdescriptionsanddetailedpriceinformation.Ages5-18.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Elementaryschoolteachers. B.Childrenaroundschoolage.C.Familieslookingforattraction. D.Parentswithunder-agechildren.Whicheventwillyouattendforoccasionalacademichelp?A.TheCliffsatLIC. B.WestSideYMCA.C.92ndStreetYClasses.D.StatenIslandSkatingPavilion.C.92ndStreetYClasses.WhatdoesStatenIslandSkatingPavilionprovide?Aminiopen-houseperformanceattheendoftheprogram.Coldtemperaturesalltheyearroundforice-skating.Teachingofskatingindividedgroupsaccordingtotheirage.Introductorylessonsonhowtoovercomethelearningobstacles.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一則廣告應(yīng)用文。介紹幾項面向青少年的培訓(xùn)班，包括樂器培訓(xùn)班，攀巖課、滑冰課、游泳課?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Makesureyourkidsarereadyfornewadventureswiththesesuper-coolofferings!可知，確保你家孩子準(zhǔn)備參與這些超級棒 活動安排！由此可推知，本文是寫給家里有小孩的父母的。故選D。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)92ndStreetYClasses部分中Plus,whenthey'renotjamming,kidscantakeadvantageofhomeworkhelpintheClubhouse,wheretheyaredividedupbygradelevel.可知，當(dāng)學(xué)員不多的時候，孩子們在俱樂部可以得到家庭作業(yè)方面的幫助，在那里他們按年級劃分。由此可知，你可以參加 92ndStreetYClasses，3題詳解】以獲得偶爾的學(xué)術(shù)幫助。故選C3題詳解】部分中Thislargeareamaintainsitsyear-roundfrostytemperaturesStatenIslandB。infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/belikelyE的9W乍者所給的.同時，要對文章的含義.TJ者的暗示作出合理的猜測和推斷。 如第一小題，根據(jù)第一段中Makesureyourkidsarereadyfornewadventureswiththesesuper-coolofferings!可知確保你家孩子準(zhǔn)備參與這些超級棒的活動安排！由此可推知，本文是寫給家里有小孩的父母的。故選D。BThatmorning,IdroppedoureldestatkindergartenandreturnedhometoletourtwoyoungerchildrenplaywhileIworkedonmymedicalreport.Itwaswonderful,butithitmethatmycareerinhospitalwasn'tmakingadifferenceinanyone'slife.Ineededsomethingthatwouldstretchmylimitsandpushmetogrow.Mycareerenabledmetoworkfromhome.Icouldworkfromhome,andbecomeafoster（領(lǐng)養(yǎng)）mother,providingsafetyforachildwhoneededitdesperately.OnMondaymorning,IpickedupthephoneanddialedthenumberIhadgoogledforthenearestDepartmentofChildren'Services.Themanontheotherendwasreceptivetomyquestionsandexpedthenextstepoftraining,involvingeightweeksofclassesdesignedtoprepareandeducatefosterparents.Wecontinuedthroughalltheclasses,thehomevisits,backgroundchecks,andseeminglyendlesssteps.Fivelongmonthsafterwewereapproved,thephoneTang.Inthemiddleofthenight,IwokemyhusbandandrushedtoEastTennesseeChildren'sHospital-Ourplacementwaswaitingforusintheemergencyroom,sickandlackofnutrition.Itdidn'ttakelongforustorealizethefulldepthofhersuffering.Sixmonthslater,herhalf-brothercametousbyourrequest.Wenowhadfivechildrenunderourcare.OnAugust12,2016,ourfamilyofsevenwalkedintoasmallcourtroom.Thechildren'slawyerandsocialworkerwerethere.Withjustafewwords,ouradoptionwasfinalized.Thesetwoamazingchildrenweren'tgoinghome,becausetheywerealreadyhome.Wearetheirforeverfamily5andtheyareourforeverchildren.Wemaynotbeabletochangetheentireworld,butwehavechangedtheworldentirelyforournewchildren.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutherhospitalwork?AUnusuallydemanding. B.Lackinginmotivation.C.Filledwithchallenges? D.Packedwithchances.Whatledtheauthortodecidetoadoptchildren?Shewantedtomakeadifferenceinotherpeople.Shefeltsympatheticforabusedchildrensheknew.Shefeltconfidentaboutherabilitytoraisechildren.Sheexperiencedtrainingtoraisechildrenproperly.Whatdoederlinedword"placement"inPara.3referto?

Thechildtobeadopted.Theneedtogettrained.Thechildtobeadopted.Theneedtogettrained.C.Theapprovalofadoption. D.TheofficialatthehospitalWhydidtheauthorappearatthecourtroom?Toputtheadoptedkidselsewhere.Toreceiveanotheradoptedchild.Tobeginthekids5adoptioninherhome.Tomaketheadoptionofficiallylegal,【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.D【解析】這是是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在醫(yī)院有一份滿意的工作，但是作者想要通過自己的努力來改善他人的人生，于是走上了收養(yǎng)孩子的道路?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第——段中“Itwaswonderful,butithitmethatmycareerinhospitalwasn'tmakingadifferenceinanyone'slife.Ineededsomethingthatwouldstretchmylimitsandpushmetogrow.Mycareerenabledmetoworkfromhome.Icouldworkfromhome,andbecomeafoster（領(lǐng)養(yǎng)）mother,providingsafetyforachildwhoneededitdesperately.”可知，作者能在家工作很好，但是作者意識到自己在醫(yī)院的工作不能讓別人的生活發(fā)生改變，需要做一些事來拓展自己， 促使自己成長，由此推斷作者覺得自己在醫(yī)院的工作缺少動力， 故選Bo【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第——段中“Itwaswonderful,butithitmethatmycareerinhospitalwasn'tmakingadifferenceinanyone'slife.Ineededsomethingthatwouldstretchmylimitsandpushmetogrow.Mycareerenabledmetoworkfromhome.Icouldworkfromhome,andbecomeafoster（領(lǐng)養(yǎng)）mother,providingsafetyforachildwhoneededitdesperately'可知，作者意識到在醫(yī)院的工作并沒有改變?nèi)魏稳说纳?。她需要一些能拓展她的極限，推動她成長的東西。故作者覺得自己的職業(yè)沒有讓他人的人生更有意義，于是希望挑戰(zhàn)自己的能力，為需要安全的孩子提供安全的成長環(huán)境，故作者收養(yǎng)孩子的原因是她想給別人的生活造成影響。結(jié)合選項，故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段中"Ourplacementwaswaitingforusintheemergencyroom,sickandlackofnutrition.Itdidn'ttakelongforustorealizethefulldepthofhersuffering.Sixmonthslater,herhalf-brothercametousbyourrequest.Wenowhadfivechildrenunderourcare."可知，語境說這個 placement在醫(yī)院的急診室等待作者，一臉的病態(tài)，并且營養(yǎng)不良。沒過多久我們就意識到她的痛苦有多深。六個月后，她同父異母的弟弟應(yīng)我們的要求來找我們。我們現(xiàn)在照顧五個孩子。故這里的 placement指作者準(zhǔn)備領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的孩子，故選A?！尽?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“OnAugust12,2016,ourfamilyofsevenwalkedintoasmallcourtroom.Thechildren'slawyerandsocialworkerwerethere.Withjustafewwords,ouradoptionwasfinalized.”可知，2016年8月12日，我們一家七口走進(jìn)一個小法庭。孩子們的律師和社會工作者都在那里。只說了幾句話，我們的收養(yǎng)就完成了。由此推斷，為什么作者出現(xiàn)在法庭上是為了使收養(yǎng)正式合法化。應(yīng)選D。CThekakapo,abirdthatlivesinNewZealand,isnotdesignedforsurvival.Weighingupto4kilograms,itistheworld'sfattestparrot.Itmates（交配）onlywhentherimutreeisinfruit,whichhappenseveryfewyears.Itdevelopedgraduallyintheabsenceofland-basednaturalenemies,soinsteadofflyingabovethetreesitwalkslikeaduckacrossthedryforestfloor.Whenitmovesunsteadilyacrosssomethingthatmightkillit,itwillstandstill.Suchunusualcharacteristicsturneditintofastfoodforhumansettlers,andforthecatsandratstheybroughtwiththem.Itseemedtohavedisappearedbythe1970s,untilscientistscameacrosstwoundiscoveredpopulationsinthecountry'ssouth.Thesesurvivorswereeventuallymovedtosmallenemy-freeislands,whereresearchershavespentdecadestryingtogetthemtobreed（繁殖）.Thescientists'patienceisfinallyrewarded.Therimuwasinfruitthisyear,andmorethan80chickshatched,makingthisthebestbreedingseasononrecord.Manyhavesurvivedintoadolescence,increasingthenumberofadultkakaposbyathird,to200birds.Anotherdangertothekakapoisalackofgeneticdiversity.Thisisonereasonwhyfewerthanhalfofkakapoeggshatch.Byarrangingthegenome（基因組 ）ofeverylivingbird,scientistscanidentifyclosely-relatedindividualsandputthemondifferentislands.Everybirdisfittedwithsomethingtotrackitsslightestmovement.Ifafemalemateswithan"unsuitable”male,theprocesscanbestopped.AlltheseeffortscostalmostNewZealand$1.3millionthisbreedingseason.Yetthekakapo'sfuturestilllooksunsafe.Earlierthisyearaseverediseasetorethroughthepopulation.Andtinyasthenumberofkakaposis,spaceisrunningoutonthetwoislandswheremostofthemlive.Newenemy-freesettlementmustsoonbefound.Whichofthefollowingisadangerforthesurvivalofthekakapo?A.Itisthesmallestbirdintheworld. B.Itlacksexerciseandusuallystandsstill.C.Itadaptsslowlyingeneticdevelopment. D.Itcan'trespondactivelywhenfacingdanger.Inwhatwaymaythescientists'patienceberewarded?Theyhatched80kakapos'eggsthisyear.Theytriedtomaketherimutreeinfruitthisyear.Twosurvivorsweremovedtoenemy-freeislands.50chickshatchedhavesurvivedintoadultsthisyear.Whydidthescientistsputkakapoindifferentislands?A. Tostopclosely-related kakapos mating. B. Toincreasethepopulation of kakapo.C. Tostopfemales matingwith males. D. Tohatchmorekakapos'eggs.Accordingtotheauthor,theeffortstoprotectthekakapoinNewZealandare .A. successful B. unsafeC. doubtful D. inadequate【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們?yōu)榱吮Ｗo(hù)新西蘭的一種瀕臨滅絕的鳥類鸮鸚鵡所作出的一些努力?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Whenitmovesunsteadilyacrosssomethingthatmightkillit,itwillstandstill.可知，當(dāng)它搖搖晃晃地穿過可能會殺死它的東西時，它會靜止不動。由此可推知，當(dāng)鸮鸚鵡面對危險時，它不能做出積極的反應(yīng)，這對鸮鸚鵡的生存來說是一種威脅。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Thescientists'patienceisfinallyrewarded.Therimuwasinfruitthisyear,andmorethan80chickshatched,makingthisthebestbreedingseasononrecord.可知，科學(xué)家的耐心終于得到了回報。今年的柚木結(jié)果了，80多只雛鳥破殼而出，這是有記錄以來最好的繁殖季節(jié)。由此可知，科學(xué)家們的耐心得到了回報，今年有 80多只雛鳥破殼而出。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Anotherdangertothekakapoisalackofgeneticdiversity.Thisisonereasonwhyfewerthanhalfofkakapoeggshatch.Byarrangingthegenomeofeverylivingbird,scientistscanidentifyclosely-relatedindividualsandputthemondifferentislands.可知，鸮鸚鵡面臨的另一個危險是缺乏遺傳多樣性。這就是為什么只有不到一半的鸮鸚鵡蛋孵化的原因之一。通過整理每只活鳥的基因組，科學(xué)家可以識別出親緣關(guān)系很近的個體，并把它們放在不同的島嶼上。由此可知，科學(xué)家們把鸮鸚鵡放在不同的島嶼上，是為了阻止近親鸮鸚鵡交配。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Yetthekakapo'sfuturestilllooksunsafe.Earlierthisyearaseverediseasetorethroughthepopulation.Andtinyasthenumberofkakaposis,spaceisrunningoutonthetwoislandswheremostofthemlive.可知，然而，鸮鸚鵡的未來看起來仍然不安全。今年早些時候，一種嚴(yán)重的疾病在鳥群中肆虐。盡管鸮鸚鵡的數(shù)量很少，但它們生活的這兩個島嶼上的空間已經(jīng)所剩無幾。由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為保護(hù)新西蘭鸮鸚鵡的努力是不夠的。故選D。“Newandimproved.”Thesewordsareputinsomanymarketingcampaignsthatwetendtoacceptthemaslinked.Butmanynewdrugsaren'tanimprovementoverthebestexistingdrugforagivencondition,andthefastdrug-approvalprocessesinrecentyearshaveaddedtotheuncertaintyabouttheiradvantages.ArecentreportintheBritishMedicalJournal,"NewDrugs:WhereDidWeGoWrongandWhatCanWeDoBetter?,analysedtheissue,Theauthorslookedat216drugsapprovedbetween2011and2017；152werenewlydeveloped,and64wereexistingmedicineapprovedfornewuses.Only25%offeredamajoradvantageovertheestablishedtreatment,andfully58%hadnoconfirmedaddedbenefittoreducesymptomsorimprovehealth-relatedqualityoflife."Thisdoesn’tmeanthere'snoaddedbenefit,"leadauthorWieselersaid. “ItjustmeanswehaveEitherwehavenostudiesorhavestudiesnotgoodenough. ”-auWthioerssewleorraknfdorhaerGceormaninstitutewhichevaluatesnewtreatmentsandadvisesonwhetherthecountry'shealthcaresystemshouldpayapremium(占)forthem.Suchorganizations,knownashealthtechnologyassessment(HTA)agencies,workalittledifferentlyintheUS,saysSeanTunis，aresearcherinBaltimore: “Ifpayersthinkanewdrugisn'tbetterthananex，istingdrugtheseagencieswillrequire.thathospitalstrythecheaperdrugfirst. ”Germany'sHTAdemandstrialstoprovethatanewtreatmentbeatstheexistingstandard.Thisisn'talwayspracticalForonething,suchstudiescanbeexpensiveandtime-consuming,withnoguaranteeofsuccess.Secondly,itcandiscouragecompaniesfromattemptingtodevelopnewalternatives.Thisisalreadyhappening.Drugdevelopersareincreasinglyfocusedonareaswheretherearenogoodtreatmentstocompetewith,suchasrarediseases.ThislackofmeaningfuldatatoguidepatientsisamajorpointofWieseler'spaper-Withacceleratedapproval,therearemoreproductsapproved,withagreateramountofuncertaintyaboutrisksandbenefits.Butthereareothersolutionsbesidesdrugtrials.Oneideaistorequirepostmarketstudiestotracktheeffectivenessofnewlyapproveddrugs—asteptoooftenneglected.Whatmessagedoestherecentreportconvey?Manynewdrugshavenoimprovedadvantages.Theapprovalprocessesfornewdrugsaretoofast.Improveddrugshaveadvantagesoveroldones.Before2017noimprovementwasmadetodrugs.WhatwillUSHTAagenciesdowhennoadvantageisfoundinnewdrugs?A.Removegovernmentpremiumonthem.Gethospitalstousethecheaperdrugs.Arrangefinancialsupportforthepatients.Putnewdrugsonfurthertrialsandstudies.What'sthedisadvantageofGermany'sHTAtrialdemands?Makingdrugcompaniesthinkofillegalwaystocutcost.Pushingcompaniestotryalternativesforexistingdrugs.Gettingpatientstodependonthegovernmentforsupport.Holdingcompaniesbackfromimprovingexistingdrugs.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?TheAdvantageofExistingDrugsMisunderstandingofNewandOldDrugsADilemmawithNewDrugAlternativesPeopledPreferenceforNeworOldDrugs【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】這是一篇說明文文。文章主要講述了英國一項研究表明，與傳統(tǒng)藥物相比，市面上不斷推出的新藥大部分并不具有新的療效。作者分析其中原因并指出，因為相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)的要求，加上新藥耗時費錢，因此藥品公司干脆轉(zhuǎn)向研究罕見病的藥品，而不是對已有的藥品進(jìn)行改良?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“heauthorslookedat216drugsapprovedbetween2011and2017；152werenewlydeveloped,and64wereexistingmedicineapprovedfornewuses.Only25%offeredamajoradvantageovertheestablishedtreatment,andfully58%hadnoconfirmedaddedbenefittoreducesymptomsorimprovehealth-relatedqualityoflife.”可知，英國《醫(yī)學(xué)期刊》的一篇報道對 2011到2017年上市的藥品的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，其中58%的新藥與已有的藥物相比，沒有任何得到證實的新增加的藥效。故最近的報告?zhèn)鬟_(dá)了許多新藥沒有改進(jìn)的優(yōu)勢的信息。結(jié)合選項，故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Suchorganizations,knownashealthtechnologyassessment（HTA）agencies,workalittledifferentlyintheUS,saysSeanTunis，aresearcherinBaltimore: “Ifpayersthinkanewdrugisn'tbetterthananexistingdrug，theseagencieswillrequire.thathospitalstrythecheaperdrugfirst.”可知，美國的衛(wèi)生技術(shù)評估機(jī)構(gòu)的功能與德國不同，如果付費方 （病人）認(rèn)為某種新藥不比已有的藥品更好，那么“他們（評估機(jī)構(gòu)）就會要求醫(yī)院先試用便宜一些的藥品"，故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中"Germany'sHTAdemandstrialstoprovethatanewtreatmentbeatstheexistingstandard.Thisisn'talwayspracticalForonething,suchstudiescanbeexpensiveandtime-consuming,withnoguaranteeofsuccess.Secondly,itcandiscouragecompaniesfromattemptingtodevelopnewalternatives.Thisisalreadyhappening.Drugdevelopersareincreasinglyfocusedonareaswheretherearenogoodtreatmentstocompetewith,suchasrarediseases”（德國的HTA需要試驗來證明新的治療方法優(yōu)于現(xiàn)有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這并不總是可行的一件事，這樣的研究可能是昂貴和耗時的，沒有成功的保證。其次，它可以阻止公司嘗試開發(fā)新的替代品。這已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。藥物開發(fā)人員越來越關(guān)注那些沒有好的治療方法可與之競爭的領(lǐng)域， 例如罕見的疾?。┛芍聡l(wèi)生技術(shù)評估機(jī)構(gòu)要求有藥物試驗來證實改良后的新藥比原先的藥品更好，這需要大量的金錢和時間。由此可以推斷出，德國 HTA的試驗的缺點是不利于公司對已有藥品進(jìn)行提升。結(jié)合選項，故選D。【15題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。全文講述藥品研發(fā)的窘境：傳統(tǒng)藥物的更新未必有新的療效，即使有新療效，相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)的要求使這個更新過程漫長而且費用高，于是很多藥企干脆轉(zhuǎn)向研究罕見病的新藥，這就使已有藥品的更新面臨窘境。故C項ADilemmawithNewDrugAlternatives”新藥物的兩難選擇”作為標(biāo)題，符合題意。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項 ，選項中有兩項為多余選項。FromMozarttopopmusic,tonsofpeopleenjoylisteningtovarioustypesofmusicwhiletheypaint,write,ordraw.Manybelievethatmusichelpsimprovecreativity.Butaninternationalstudyischallengingthatviewpoint.16Tocometotheirconclusions,researchershadparticipantscompleteverbal（文字的）problemsdesignedtoinspirecreativitywhilesittinginaquietroom.17Theyfoundthatbackgroundmusicsignificantlyhurttheparticipants,abilitytocompletetasksassociatedwithverbalcreativity.Thetasksweresimplewordgames.18Then,theywereaskedtofindasinglewordassociatedwithallthreethatcouldbecombinedtoformacommonphraseorword.Participantscompletedthetasksineitheraquietroom,orwhileexposedtothreedifferenttypesofmusic:musicwithunfamiliarlines,instrumentalmusic,ormusicwithfamiliarlines.Dr.McLatchieandhiscolleaguesconcludethatmusicinterfereswith（干擾）theverbalworkingmemoryofthebrain.19Also,asfarasthelibrarybackgroundnoiseshavingseeminglynoeffect,theresearchersbelievethatisthecasebecauselibrarynoisescreateanenvironmentofsteadystatethatdoesn'tinterruptconcentration." _20__Instead,theydemonstratethatmusic,regardlessofthepresenceofitscontent,consistentlyinterruptscreativeperformanceininsightproblemsolving,"thestudyreads.A.Andthisinturnholdsbackcreativity.BIthasnothingtodowiththepositivereaction.Thenagain,theyweretestedwhilemusicwasplayedinthebackground.Psychologistssaythattheirfindingsindicatemusicactuallyblockscreativity.Forexample,participantsweregiventhreewords,suchasdress,dial,andflower.Beforetheexperiment,theparticipantsdidn'tstudythemusictheywouldlisten.Toconclude,thefindingsherechallengethepopularviewthatmusicbuildsupcreativity.【答案】 16.D 17.C18.E 19.AG【解析】本文是一篇說明文。有的人喜歡在有背景音樂的環(huán)境下工作。然而，研究表明，音樂會干擾人們解決問題的創(chuàng)造性?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文Manybelievethatmusichelpsimprovecreativity.Butaninternationalstudyischallengingthatviewpoint.可知，許多人認(rèn)為音樂有助于提高創(chuàng)造力。但一項國際研究正在挑戰(zhàn)這種觀點。由此可知，一項新的國際研究并不認(rèn)為音樂有助于提高創(chuàng)造力，故 D選項“心理學(xué)家說，他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，音樂實際上阻礙了創(chuàng)造力”符合上下文語境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文Tocometotheirconclusions,researchershadparticipantscompleteverbalproblemsdesignedtoinspirecreativitywhilesittinginaquietroom.可知，為了得出結(jié)論，研究人員讓參與者坐在安靜的房間里完成一些旨在激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力的語言問題。由此可知，本句承接上文繼續(xù)說明研究的過程，上文中researchers與C選項中they形成對應(yīng)，故 C選項“然后，他們再次在播放音樂的背景音樂中接受測試”符合上下文語境，故選C。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文Then,theywereaskedtofindasinglewordassociatedwithallthreethatcouldbecombinedtoformacommonphraseorword.可知，然后，他們被要求找出一個與這三個詞相關(guān)的詞，這些詞可以組合成一個共同的短語或詞。由此可知，參與者被給予了三個單詞，并要求找出一個與這三個詞相關(guān)的詞。故E選項“例如，參與者被給予三個詞，如衣服，電話和鮮花”符合上下文語境，故選E。【19題詳解】根據(jù)第二段最后一句Theyfoundthatbackgroundmusicsignificantlyhurttheparticipants,abilitytocompletetasks

associatedwithverbalcreativity.可知，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，背景音樂會顯著損害參與者完成與語言創(chuàng)造力相關(guān)的任務(wù)的能力。由此可知樂會干擾大腦的語言工作記憶，而這反過來又阻礙了創(chuàng)造性。故 A選項“這反過來又抑制了創(chuàng)造力”符合上下文語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文Instead,theydemonstratethatmusic,regardlessofthepresenceofitscontent,consistentlyinterruptscreativeperformanceininsightproblemsolving,"thestudyreads.可知，相反，他們證明了音樂，不管它的內(nèi)容是什么，在解決問題的過程中不斷地打斷創(chuàng)造性的表現(xiàn)。由此可知，研究人員的發(fā)現(xiàn)成功挑戰(zhàn)了音樂可以培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力這種流行觀點。 故G選項“總而言之，這里的發(fā)現(xiàn)挑戰(zhàn)了流行的觀點， 即音樂可以培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力”符合上下文語境，故選Go第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題海小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、RC和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Foryears,Ihadsufferedfromdepression.Ineverseemedtobehappywithmylife,especiallywhenI21ittosomeoneelse's.IfrequentlyfeltIwasnotlivinguptoeithermyown22ortheworldsexpectations.Then,theweekbeforeThanksgiving,everychairinthechurchhasapaperbagunderneath.Allwereexpectedtopickupone23andtakethemtoagrocerystoreandfillthemwithsomebasicfooditemstobe24tolocalchanty.Then,attheevening,ateamofvolunteersplacedallthe25bags,offoodatthefrontofthechurch.Includedintheeventwasasheetwith26 ,askingustothinkof100thingswewerethankfulfor.Thiswasa（n）27tohelpusfocusongratitude.28Iheardsomekidsnexttome29eachothertoseewhocouldfillinall100thefastest.My30naturepushedmetofillinblankswithany3[inmylifethatIwasthankfulfor.Tomyown32 ,Ifilledinthelistinfourminutes.ThenIjoinedtheothers33thebagsaccordingtotheircategoriesbeforetheyweredonatedtothe 34 .Onedaynotlongafterward,Ifoundmyselfsinkingintomy35depressionwhenIrememberedthe36 .Itookitoutandreadthroughitand37thatnotonlydidIhavealottobethankfulforbutthatthethingsIhadwrittenonthatlist38mytalents,hobbies,faith,andpeoplewhohadgreatly39me.40tohaveanattitudeofgratitudehasmadememorethanhappyandfilledmewithjoy.A.introduced B.compared C.exposed D.applied22.A.achievementB.natureC.potentialD.patience

22.A.achievementB.natureC.potentialD.patience23.A.randomlyB.regularlyC.alternativelyD.considerately24.A.returnedB.issuedC.allocatedD.donated25.A.circulatedB.addressedC.filledD.supplied26.A.creditsB.blanksC.inspirationsD.suggestions27.A.celebrationB.amusementC.communicationD.exercise28.A.AccidentallyB.FurthermoreC.OtherwiseD.Necessarily29.A.remindB.challengeC.supportD.observe30.A.sympatheticB.creativeC.competitiveD.contradictory31.A.situationB.chanceC.promotionD.awareness32.A.disappointmentB.curiosityC.advantageD.astonishment33.A.distributingB.clarifyingC.sortingD.decorating34.A.richB.needyC.specialD.worried35.A.guiltyB.familiarC.temporaryD.apparent36.A.listB.activityC.motivationD.report37.A.pretendedB.claimedC.imaginedD.realized38.A.ruledoutB.droppedoutC.broughtoutD.workedout39.A.surprisedB.touchedC.promisedD.concerned40.A.ChoosingB.OfferingC.DemandingD.Declining【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B 27.D28.A29.B 30.C31.A32.D 33.C34.B 35.B36.A37.D 38.C39.B40.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講了作者在生活中總是不開心，認(rèn)為自己沒有完全發(fā)揮自己的潛力，沒有達(dá)成世人的期待，一次公益活動讓他領(lǐng)悟到了人要感恩，擁有感恩的態(tài)度讓自己更快樂，充滿喜悅?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來，我一直飽受抑郁之苦。我對自己的生活似乎從來都不滿意，尤其是當(dāng)我把自己的生活和別人比較的時候。A.introduced介紹；B.compared比較；C.exposed暴露；D.applied應(yīng)用。根據(jù)上文可知，作者對自己的生活不滿意，由especiallywhen結(jié)合常識可知，comparesth.tosth是固定搭配，意為“把……和……作比較”，與題意相符，表示特別是與其他人的生活比較時，我對生活更不滿意。introducesb.tosth.把……介紹給……；exposesth.tosth.向……表示敬意；applysth.tosth.把某物應(yīng)用于某事物上，都不符合語境。故選B。22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我常常覺得我既沒有發(fā)揮出自己的潛力，也沒有達(dá)到世人的期望。A.achievement成就；B.nature自然；C.potential潛力；D.patience耐心。根據(jù)空格18后的mytalents,hobbies,faith等幾處線索，可推知這里說明作者還沒發(fā)揮出自己的潛力，故選C。23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：所有人都被要求隨機(jī)挑選一個，然后帶到雜貨店，在里面裝上一些主要食品，捐贈給當(dāng)?shù)氐拇壬茩C(jī)構(gòu)。A.randomly隨機(jī)地；B.regularly定期地；C.alternatively二者選其一的；D.considerately體量地。根據(jù)下文的accordingtotheircategories可知，孩子們把這些袋子根據(jù)類別進(jìn)行分類，可知這里是要求隨機(jī) (randomly)選擇袋子，而其他三項與題意不符，故選A。24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所有人都被要求隨機(jī)挑選一個，然后帶到雜貨店，在里面裝上一些主要的食物，捐贈給當(dāng)?shù)氐拇壬茩C(jī)構(gòu)。A.returned返回；B.issued發(fā)行；C.allocated分配；D.donated捐獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)上下文可知，因下文提到localcharity，所以能推知此處是將食物捐獻(xiàn)給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，故選 D。25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后在晚上，一組志愿者把裝滿食物的袋子放在教堂前面。A.circulated傳達(dá)；addressed處理；寄給；C.filled裝滿；D.supplied提供。根據(jù)前文的 fillthemwithsomebasicfooditems可知，孩子們將袋子里裝滿了食物，晚上志愿者將這些裝滿食物的袋子放在教堂前面。 filled是過去分詞，表示“被裝滿的”，作定語。故選C。26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：活動中包括一張空白的表格，要求我們想 100件我們要感謝的事情。A.credits積分；B.blanks空白；C.inspirations激勵；D.suggestions建議。根據(jù)下文的"Ifilledinthelistinfourminutes”可知，作者拿到的是一張空白的表格，故選B。27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個幫助我們注重感恩的練習(xí)。 A.celebration慶祝；B.amusement娛樂；communication溝通；D.exercise(身體或腦力的)活動。根據(jù)下文“tohelpusfocusongratitude”可知，讓我們想出100件我們感恩的事情填在一張紙上，是一種讓作者和其他孩子們注重感恩的活動，其他選項不符合題意，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：無意中，我聽到旁邊的一些孩子在互相挑戰(zhàn)，看誰能以最快的速度填滿所有的100個。A.Accidentally偶然地；B.Furthermore此外；C.Otherwise否則；D.Necessarily必要地。一些孩子在挑戰(zhàn)誰填的最快，沒有作者，因此作者是偶然聽到的。故選A。2929題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：偶然地我聽到旁邊的一些孩子在互相挑戰(zhàn)，看誰能以最快的速度填滿所有的100個。A.remind提醒；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.support支持；D.observe觀察。根據(jù)下文toseewhocouldfillinall100thefastest可知，看誰能以最快的速度填滿所有的 100個，故推知這是一場挑戰(zhàn)，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我好勝 天性驅(qū)使我用生活中感動我的那些情形去填充那些空白。A.sympathetic充滿同情心的；B.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；C.competitive競爭的；好勝的；D.contradictory矛盾的。根據(jù)上文eachothertoseewhocouldfillinall100thefastest可知，孩子們在挑戰(zhàn)，這激發(fā)了作者爭強(qiáng)好勝的天性，故選C。31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我好勝的天性驅(qū)使我用生活中感動我的那些情形去填補(bǔ)那些空白。A.situation情形；處境；B.chance機(jī)會；C.promotion提升；D^warenessJ^j^jg^考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我好勝的天性驅(qū)使我用生活中感動我的那些情形去填補(bǔ)那些空白。A.situation情形；處境；B.chance機(jī)會；C.promotion提升；D^warenessJ^j^jg^上文Jskingusto/hnkof可知 表格要求填寫那，thingswewerethankfulfor生活中感恩的事情因此作者把生活中自己感恩的情形填在了空白處。故選A。，。 。I考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我吃驚的是，在四分鐘內(nèi)我就填好了那張表格。A.disappointment失望；curiosity好奇心；C.advantage好處；D.astonishment訝。根據(jù)上知，作者爭強(qiáng)好勝的心了自己在四分鐘內(nèi)就填好了那張表格，作者本人也很驚訝，■one'sastonshmeft為“令某人驚訝的事 故選32題詳解】100B.D。33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我和其他人一起把這些袋子按類別分類以后，它們被捐贈給需要的人。A.distributing分布；B.clarifying澄清；C.sorting分類；D.decorating裝飾。根據(jù)上文 accordingtotheircategories可知，作者和孩子們要將袋子按類別分類 (sort)，故選C。34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我和其他人一起把這些袋子按類別分類以后。它們被捐贈給需要的人。A.rich富有的；B.needy貧困的；C.special特殊的；D.worried擔(dān)憂的。根據(jù)上下文和常識可知，慈善機(jī)構(gòu)是資助窮人的機(jī)構(gòu)，theneedy是the+形容詞表示一類人的用法，意為“有需要的人、窮人”故選B。35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：之后不久的一天 ,我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己陷入熟悉的抑郁這時候我記起來那種清單。A.guilty有罪的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.temporary暫時的；D.apparent顯然的。根據(jù)第一段第一句Ihadsufferedfromdepression.可知，作者又陷入到了自己熟悉的情緒中，故選B。【36題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.list清單；B.activity活動；C.motivation動機(jī)；D.report報告。根據(jù)下文onthatlist可知，此處指的就是上文寫信的自己感恩的 100件事的清單。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我拿出它，通讀了一遍，意識到我不僅有很多要感恩的事情而且我寫在清單上的事情顯現(xiàn)出我的天賦， 愛好，信念還有特別讓我感動的人。 A.pretended假裝；B.claimed宣稱；C.imagined想象；D.realized意識到。根據(jù)上文Itookitoutandreadthroughit 可知，作者通讀清單后，意識到自己不僅有很多要感恩的事情，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.ruledout排除；B.droppedout輟學(xué)；C.broughtout使顯示；D.workedout計算出。根據(jù)下文的"mytalents,hobbies,faith”可知，這些清單上的內(nèi)容也顯示 (broughtout)出我的才能等。故選Co【39題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我寫在清單上的內(nèi)容也顯示了我的才能、信仰、以及那些深深感動過我的人。A.surprised使驚訝；B.touched觸碰；C.promised許諾；D.concerned關(guān)心。清單上是我們感恩的事情，因此那清單上也顯示出那些深深感動過自己的人， touch意為“感動、觸動”故選Bo【40題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：選擇一種感恩的態(tài)度讓我更加快樂， 讓我充滿了喜悅。A.Choosing選擇；B.Offering提供；C.Demanding要求；D.Declining謝絕。此處是對全文的總結(jié)， 根據(jù)下文madememorethanhappyandfilledmewithjoy可知，作者選擇了感恩，讓自己的生活變得更有樂趣，故選 A?！军c睛】做完型填空時，需要注意的是，做題時不能僅考慮每個空所在的句子，需要采用“瞻前顧后”的方法來做，如第2小題，IfrequentlyfeltIwas